Karimnagar District Research Articles

Effect of Cluster Front Line Demonstrations on Productivity and Profitability of Redgram in Karimnagar District, Telangana, India

Between 2017-18 and 2019-20, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jammikunta conducted frontline demonstrations on Redgram during the Kharif season across 90 hectares, encompassing 225 demonstrations in six villages within six clusters in Karimnagar district, Telangana, India. The improved technologies included the use of high-yielding varieties, seed treatment with bio-fertilizers, integrated nutrient and weed management, as well as pest and disease management. The results indicated that the demonstrated plots achieved the highest average grain yield of 1350 kg/ha, compared to 1115 kg/ha from traditional farmer practices. Demonstration plots also yielded higher average net returns of Rs. 49,731/ha, in contrast to Rs. 34,815/ha from the farmers’ practices. Overall, the demonstrations showed a 23.79% increase in yield and a 42.81% increase in net returns compared to conventional methods. The average technology gap was 216 kg/ha, the average extension gap was 235 kg/ha, and the average technology index was 13.54%.

Profile Scanning of the Farmers of Karimnagar District of Telangana State, India

Profile Scanning of the Farmers of Karimnagar District of Telangana State, India

Feasibility Study of Marigold as Intercrop in Drumstick Cultivation for Interim Income Generation

Drumstick (Moringa oliefera Lam.) PKM-1(Annual) is an important perennial vegetable crop present cultivating in India not only as vegetable and for moringa leaf powder. India is the main producer of drumstick in the world because higher contribution is due to favourable temperature during flowering and fruit development stages. Even though encountered several production hurdles resulting greater yield loss due to existing climatic conditions during fruit developmental stages. But this crop gave them perfect assurance in giving good income in an average about 2-3 Lakhs rupees over a period of 2 years. Based on weather conditions farmers were being come forwarded by training programmes conducted by our KVK from 2017-till date, we have documented the farmers results by growing intercrops mainly marigold crop. Which gives good yield and good income to the farmers before pod formation of drumstick. Marigold is 110 days crop where drumstick gives first yield after 7 months. In between marigold crop not only giving accountable benefits to the farmers and it reduces the nematode problems in the field as well explained by Steiner, 1941 Marigold (Tagetes erecta) is one of the most widely studied plant genera due to its allelopathic potential against PPNs. Marigolds’ repressive impact on nematodes has been documented for over 50 years and some studies said that spiral (Helicotylenchus multicinctus) nematodes are responsible for yield losses of 30–60% in many banana-producing countries in the tropics (Davide, 1995, Speijer and Kajumba, 1996, Kashaija et al., 2004) . The partner crops of the intercropping system share space, water, and nutrients making the most efficient utilization of available resources (Xu et al., 2020). Earlier farmers were paddy growers where they didn’t see profits by selling paddy in IKP centers or as individual sales. So We conducted trails in Huzurabad Division and Errabelli villages of Karimnagar District (Old Karimnagar District), got successful results by doubling the farmer’s income. Raised marigold seedlings in KVK during June month and supplied to the farmers. Transplanted marigold and Drumstick in July month with 60cm x60cm and Drumstick spacing was 3mx3m where 444 plants were accommodated in one acre area, Intercropping is an agricultural system that improves land use efficiency through simultaneous cultivation of more different crops in the same field using functional complementarity to increase resources utilization, increase the productivity of crops and nutrient-use efficiency (Chifflot et al., 2006; Zhan and Li, 2003) Even went through many hurdles in marigold and drumstick crops in rainy season due to paddy growing soils and water logging conditions. In this, observed positive effects on soil carbon and nitrogen of intercropping found in previous intercropping studies (Makumba et al., 2007), [1]. Results are as follows we harvested 36.80Q per acre in 8 pickings and after drumstick pods harvested from February up to June 134 pods per tree. It shows C: B ratio as drumstick (PKM1) contribution 1:11.7 and marigold (Tanindo (Yellow and Orange) contribution 1:4.3 to the farmers. The demonstration plots reported that yield of marigold and drumsticks are 38.6Q and 49.58Q per acre. Farmers got good income Rs. 2, 74,160.00 through two crops in one acre area with Marigold as inter crop in Drumstick plantation. Based on this success story of the farmers, NABARD bank started giving loans to the farmers and they published this success story in their credit linkage plan 2018-19.

Comparative Study on Cost Analysis of Mechanical and Manual Transplanting of Rice

In Telangana, rice cultivation predominantly relies on traditional manual transplanting, which requires a significant labor force. However, the migration of agricultural laborers to urban areas in search of better wages has led to a shortage of workers, particularly during the critical transplanting season. To address this labor shortage and reduce cultivation costs, an efficient and cost-effective method of rice transplanting is essential, without compromising grain yield. To explore such a solution, Krishi Vigyan Kendra in Jammikunta, Karimnagar district, conducted 30 frontline demonstrations between 2018-19 and 2020-21, showcasing rice cultivation using a self-propelled, walk-behind six-row mechanical transplanter. The performance of this mechanical method was evaluated by collecting data on various growth parameters, including plant height, number of productive tillers per hill, panicle length, grains per panicle, and grain yield, and comparing it with traditional manual transplanting. Economic analysis revealed that the gross returns from mechanical transplanting were Rs. 135,956, compared to Rs. 128,629 for manual transplanting. Similarly, the net returns for mechanical and manual methods were Rs. 95,106 and Rs. 82,204, respectively. The benefit-cost ratio was found to be 3.32 for mechanical transplanting and 2.77 for manual transplanting. These findings indicate that mechanical rice transplanting offers a viable, cost-effective alternative, reducing labor requirements and drudgery while delivering higher yields.

Assessment of Early Blight Disease Resistant Tomato F1 Hybrid Arka Abhed in Karimnagar District of Telangana, India

Tomato is the major Solanaceous vegetable crop grown in Karimnagar District of Telangana. Alternaria tomatophila and Alternaria solani cause early blight disease and severe yield losses to the tomato growers in Karimnagar District. Early blight is the major problem in Karimnagar from June to September months causing severe crop losses to the tomato farmers. Usually farmers are spraying different fungicides based on Copper to control early blight disease for private hybrids. It controls 25-35% of the disease and increased cost of cultivation. Hence, early blight disease resistant hybrid Arka Abhed was tested against private hybrid in KVK, Karimnagar operational area. Data on disease incidence was collected at 15, 30, 60, 90,120 DAP in all the hybrids. The data revealed that Arka abhed recorded significantly very lower incidence of early blight disease than private hybrid during all crop growth stages. It recorded 1.5% early blight incidence whereas private hybrid recorded 32.4%. Reduced number of sprayings to control early blight disease were also significantly low i.e. two sprays were carried out whereas in private hybrid seven sprays were done during in rainy period. According to yield Arka Abhed recorded 68.3t/ha whereas it was 58.6t/ha in private hybrid. The peduncle in green in colour for long days and taste also same for all the days in storage period for 8-12 days in Arka Abhed. Average fruit weight is 86 gr to 112 grams were recorded.

Information and communication technology utilization of farmers in erstwhile Karimnagar district

Information and communication technology utilization of farmers in erstwhile Karimnagar district

E-Saayam – An ICT-Based Initiative to Provide Timely Technical Support to Farmers through AEOs in Karimnagar District of Telangana State, India

E-Saayam – An ICT-Based Initiative to Provide Timely Technical Support to Farmers through AEOs in Karimnagar District of Telangana State, India

Changing Scenario of Groundnut Stem and Collar Rot Diseases in Major Groundnut Growing Areas of Telangana

A roving survey was carried out in major groundnut-growing regions of Telangana state during kharif 2020 and kharif 2021 season aimed to assess the incidence of stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) and collar rot (Aspergillus niger) disease. The study revealed varying disease incidences at different stages and locations. The highest per cent disease incidence of stem rot from vegetative stage (22.05%) was recorded in Kalvapalle village of Mahabubabad district while maximum collar rot incidence (10.57%) was recorded in Choppadandi village of Karimnagar district. Lowest stem rot (7.81%) and collar rot (3.27%) incidence was recorded in Varkal village of Nalgonda district and Chakalpalle village of Wanaparthy district. Conversely at harvest stage maximum stem rot incidence (9.04%) was observed in Venkatapur village of Warangal district and maximum collar rot incidence (4.31%) was observed in Gundyala village of Mahabubnagar district. Lowest stem rot incidence (1.41%) was recorded in Gurthur village of Mahabubabad district while Collar rot incidence (1.69%) was recorded in Kondapur village of Nalgonda district.

Further Contribution to the Flora of the Karimnagar District of Andhra Pradesh

The Karimnagar District lies in the Telangana Region of Andhra Pradesh (18°-19°10' N ; 78°30'-80°20'E). It was recently surveyed with the objective of exploring the possibility of exploiting non agricultural plants of economic value. The survey and collection was done mainly at Mahadevpur, Nimmagodem and Manthani Ranges of the District. The present paper records those taxa which are found as additions to the flora of Karimnagar. The district lies within the tropical deciduous belt which occupies a larger part of the peninsular India. The forests abound in teak mixed with deciduous trees of a number of species, the preponderance of which depends on soil and habitat conditions.

Contribution to the Flora of Karimnagar District, Andhra Pradesh

The Flora of Karimnagar District was studied in three seasonal visits. 434 taxa were collected and enumerated here. Leguminosae, Gramineae, Cyparaceae, Cornpositae and Acanthaceae are well represented in this area. Two Western Ghat plants, viz. Curcuma pseudomontana Grah. and Theriophonum wightii Schott are reported here from Andhra Pradesh for the first time.

A Study on Farmers Awareness and Perception about Crop Insurance in Karimnagar District

This research endeavors to assess the levels of awareness and perception among farmers regarding crop insurance in Karimnagar District. The agricultural sector, being the backbone of the region, is susceptible to various risks, and crop insurance plays a pivotal role in mitigating the financial impact of unforeseen events. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and focus group discussions to gauge farmers' understanding of crop insurance, their awareness of available schemes, and their overall perception of the effectiveness of such risk-mitigation strategies.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON ALGAL GROWTH

Identifying the biological processes that influence algal growth is essential for ecosystem management. Algae are little aquatic plants that exist either as solitary cells or in regions of diverse dimensions. Zooplankton rely on them as a crucial component of the aquatic food chain, since they provide as their primary source of nutrition. Algae, via the process of photosynthesis, produce oxygen that is subsequently released into the water, serving as a vital resource for fish and other aquatic organisms. This work presents a methodology for estimating the biological characteristics of algae, which play a crucial role in the regulation of eutrophication, via the use of modelling and exploration methodologies. The estimation of algae growth and respiration rates was conducted by using a one-dimensional water quality model and two-dimensional regionally distributed water quality data taken from Lower Manair Dam of Karimnagar District, Telangana. A total of 24 algae were detected in the sample. The most abundant types of algae include Green algae, Flagellate algae, Cyanobacteria, and Diatoms. In the summer season, 17 types of algae were found, while in the spring season, 20 types were detected. The estimation of biological characteristics of algae in natural freshwater environments may be achieved by a physico-chemical technique, which offers an alternate option to sampling and in situ testing. KEYWORDS: Algal growth, biological parameters, Lower Manair Dam, eutrophication, in situ testing

A Study on the Sustainability of Handicraft Artisans in Telangana State - A Case Study of Karimnagar District

Although it is a common misconception that Indian handicrafts have a long history of international fame or recognition all over the world, the reality is different because the starving and impoverished handicraft artisans who produce them do not receive any fame or recognition. This priceless cultural treasure is under attack from both internal and external forces for several reasons. The study investigates a variety of issues affecting artisans who work on handmade goods. Many Indian and foreign tourists have long been drawn to the beauty and charm of its handicrafts. The talented artisans may create beautiful items of crafts from basic materials. To improve their quality of life, however, the artisan community must be helped with several issues. The issues related to various problems of handicraft artisans such as financial, production, labor, technical, marketing problems etc. Finding the strengths, eliminating the flaws, seizing the possibilities, and being well-prepared to face the problems by turning them into new opportunities are all important for the sustainability of handicrafts. The opinions of respondents regarding the strengths, problems, prospects (opportunities), and challenges have been gathered so that their perceptions can be thoroughly studied, with the help of consultation with various experts working in this field and references of secondary data. Here, the main goal of this paper is to look at the problems and difficulties that handicraft artisans face as well as the future of the handicraft industry. This will help with strategic planning and decision-making as well as help identify the best course of action for strengthening the position of handicraft artisans who work in the handicraft industry.

Impact of Physico-Chemical and Biological Parameters on Zooplankton Composition and Abundance in Freshwater Lake of Mulukanoor Karimnagar District, Telangana

The plankton constitutes the basic food sources of any aquatic ecosystem, which Supports fish and other aquatic animals. Zooplankton diversity is one of the most important ecological parameters in water quality assessment. Zooplankton is good indicator of the changes in water quality because they are strongly affected by environmental conditions and respond quickly to changes in water quality. In the present paper, Zooplankton diversity in relation to physico-chemical parameters of the Mulukanoor Lake located in Krimnagar District, Telangana state.The study was carried out for a period of one year from June 2015 to May 2016 to evaluate the relationship and influence between different water quality parameters and the abundance of zooplankton population. The physico-chemical parameters includes Temperature, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Water Transparency, PH, Dissolved Oxygen.Free Co2, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Chloride, Biological Oxygen Demand, Phosphate, Nitrate and Ammonia were analyzed. All the values of these parameters were found within the prescribed standard limits. Therefore this lake has rich number of species biodiversity of aquatic animals. Four different groups of zooplankton were identified in this study which includes Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda and Ostracoda. Zooplankton diversity and abundance refers to variety within in the community. Numerically rotifers were dominant group throughout the study period. The season wise zooplankton analysis showed a maximum average abundance of species in Post-Monsoon season, minimum abundance in monsoon season due to the different environmental and inflow characteristics of the water body. The composition of zooplankton rotifers was dominant Rotifera(56%) followed by cladocera (23%), copepod (13%) and ostracoda (8%).Therefore it can be now concluded that this lake is highly potential to take up commercial fisheries.

A comparative economic analysis of seed and grain production of paddy in Karimnagar district of Telangana state

A comparative economic analysis of seed and grain production of paddy in Karimnagar district of Telangana state

The Emergence of Leadership among the OBCs in the North Telangana- Nizamabad, Nirmal and Karimnagar Districts

ABSTRACT: The Indian Caste system is wide and varied. Hindus who form the largest majority in the country have always been mobilized on the caste basis, although the constitutional system explicitly discourages the practice of caste and creed, the political party system has been dominated by caste politics of various kinds. Caste has been able to develop a new form of political activity i.e. Caste sabha/Sangham – Caste association, which was primarily visible in the mid-nineteenth century. After independence, it became apparent that they would play a pivotal role in Indian politics. Political Leadership represents one of the most important forms of leadership. Social evolution and the sociological changes in society have brought many changes in the concept of political leadership. It is a very important concept that brings in political processes and outcomes. Political Mobilization and leadership have a crucial role to play in working towards achieving the required goals for OBCs in India. These are the two important concepts that involve coordination among individuals and organizing them to make a collective influence and bring about socio-political changes. OBC community in Telangana needs to work towards the attainment of political mobilization and in turn, develop good leadership who can take forward the community towards the attainment of set goals. The leadership needs to emerge out of the mobilization with the strong support of the common man. Telangana needs to see such a movement which can mobilise and strengthen the leadership towards the development of the OBC community.

Field-level rice yield estimations under different farm practices using the crop simulation model for better yield

Crop yield estimation is essential for decision-making systems and insurance policy makers. Numerous methodologies for yield estimation have been developed, encompassing crop models, remote sensing techniques, and empirical equations. Each approach holds unique limitations and advantages. The primary aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agro Technology Transfer) model in predicting rice yields and LAI (Leaf Area Index) across various management methods. Additionally, the study sought to identify the optimal management practice for attaining higher yields. Crop models facilitate the expeditious evaluation of management strategies aimed at improving crop yield and analyzing the balance between production, resource efficiency, and environmental impacts. The study region selected for analysis is Karimnagar district of Telangana state. DSSAT has been chosen as the preferred tool due to its high efficiency in evaluating crop yield. The model's simulated yield was compared to the observed yield obtained from crop-cutting experiments. The results indicate a correlation of 0.81 and 0.85 between observed and simulated yields, as well as between model LAI and yield. An observation was made regarding a discrepancy between predicted and actual yields, which can be attributed to biotic stress. However, it should be noted that the current model does not account for this factor. The observed average yield was 5200 kg ha-1, whereas the projected yield was 5400 kg ha-1. The findings indicate that the model's performance is influenced by both the timing of sowing and the amount of nitrogen applied. The findings indicate that the DSSAT model has demonstrated a high level of accuracy in predicting both yields and leaf area index (LAI) across various management strategies. This study showcases the potential use of crop simulation models as a technology-driven tool to identify the most effective management strategies for rice production.

Crop Yield Assessment Using Field-Based Data and Crop Models at the Village Level: A Case Study on a Homogeneous Rice Area in Telangana, India

Crop yield estimation has gained importance due to its vital significance for policymakers and decision-makers in enacting schemes, ensuring food security, and assessing crop insurance losses due to biotic and abiotic stress. This research focused on rice yield estimation at the field level in the Karimnagar district of Telangana during 2021 and 2022 by employing the leaf area index (LAI) as the primary criterion for integrating remote sensing technology and crop simulation models. Using Sentinel-2 satellite data, the rice crop was mapped with the help of ground data and machine learning algorithms, attaining an accuracy of 93.04%. Crop management data for the DSSAT tool were collected during the field visits; the model results revealed a 0.80 correlation between observed and predicted yields. Due to its strong correlation with LAI (0.82), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was selected as the critical element for integration with the model. A spatial LAI map was generated using the linear equation developed between the NDVI and LAI. The relationship between LAI and yield was used to create a spatial yield map. The study’s findings show that assimilating remote sensing data with crop models enhances the precision of rice yield prediction for insurance companies and policy- and decision-makers.

A Case Study of Physico-Chemical and Biological Parameters of Plankton Biodiversity and Fish Abundance in a Fresh Water Lake of Karimnagar District, Telangana State, India

A Case Study of Physico-Chemical and Biological Parameters of Plankton Biodiversity and Fish Abundance in a Fresh Water Lake of Karimnagar District, Telangana State, India

Perception of Parents of Children suffering from Thalassemia in Karimnagar District of Telangana state in India

Thalassemias are a group of inheritable hemoglobinopathies where abnormal hemoglobin is synthesized leading to decreased hemoglobin levels in the body. Thalassemias are classified according to which chain of the hemoglobin molecule is affected. In α-thalassemias, production of the α-globins chain is affected, while in β-thalassemia, production of the β-globins chain is affected. Thalassemias are a grave menace in the modern world which need to be tackled effectively and quickly to improve the health status of people around the world.