Karaman Province Research Articles

An assessment of the preoperative information given to patients in the province of Karaman

<p>The purpose of this research was to determine the status of information provision for patients in the preoperative period. Two hundred fifty patients undergoing surgery in the Karaman Public Hospital. A questionnaire prepared by the authors based on information in the literature and consisting of questions intended to determine patients’ sociodemographic characteristics and the preoperative provision of information was used as a data collection tool. Data were expressed as number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Mean age of patients was 45±21.08 years. We determined that 47.2% had been given information concerning preoperative procedures and preoperative preparations, and that 7.6% had been given this information by nurses. In the light of the study findings, we conclude that physicians and nurses need to be more proactive in providing patients with preoperative information and that, considering the forgetfulness factor, such information should also be provided in written form.</p>

English

The aim of the study is to examine the problem solving skills of people who are doing sporty recreation activities in Karaman Province. A total of 143 people participated in this study (51 females and 92 males) Their age mean was 1.2168±0.41350. Problem Solving Inventory, developed by Heppner and Peterson, was used to measure the problem solving skill level of an individual. The Turkish version of the problem Solving Inventory was realized by Åžahin et al. For processing data, conventional statistical measures and methods were employed: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, tukey test, t-test, mean frequency distribution and standard deviation. SPSS was used for analyzing of data. Results showed that the people who participated in the study had problem solving skill total score of 101.9930 mean. When values which could be taken from the total score of the inventory (32 min - max 192) were considered, it could be said that the teachers had moderate problem-solving skills. Statistically meaningful difference was found for the gender variable in considering and planned approaches; for age variable in avoidant approach; for marital status variable in impetuous and evaluator approached and for place where people live variable in impetuous approach (p<.05). Key words: Problem solving, recreation, sports.

Effect of Ditylenchus dipsaci Kühn, 1857 (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) on onionyield in Karaman Province, Turkey

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the stem and bulb nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci Kühn (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) on yield parameters of some onion varieties in Karaman Province, Turkey. Experiments were established in a naturally infested onion field during two consecutive years (2012-2013). Nematode population development was followed at the beginning and end of the experiment. The reproduction rate was also calculated. Onion yield and the representative average diameter and length of the onion cultivar bulbs were determined. Yield parameters of six onion varieties were compared on nematicide-treated and untreated control plots in the experiments. Nematode populations significantly decreased in the nematicide-treated plots at the beginning of the experiment during both growing seasons. The average population density of D. dipsaci was 104 individuals/100 g dry soil in the first year and 68 individuals/100 g dry soil in the second year of the experiment. The initial and final nematode populations were significantly positively correlated with Betapanko, Pan88, and Local variety1 cultivars, whereas they were negatively correlated with the Valenciana cultivar during the first year. This suggests that Betapanko, Pan88, and Local variety1 were susceptible to D. dipsaci, whereas the Valenciana cultivar could have some resistance. The overall reproduction rate of D. dipsaci was negatively correlated with initial population density and was primarily <1, which presumably represented a downward trend in nematode reproduction due to environmental conditions at the end of the experiment in September. Betapanko and Pan88 were susceptible varieties, and stem and bulb nematode caused yield losses of up to 12.93% and 15.33%, respectively; these varieties were considered intolerant. The yield of Local variety1 was positively related with initial nematode population density and it was categorized as tolerant to D. dipsaci.

KARAMAN İLİNDEKİ ANNELERİN BEBEKLERİNİN BAKIMINDA UYGULADIKLARI GELENEKSEL YÖNTEMLER

Amac: Karaman ilindeki annelerin yenidogan bebeklerine uyguladiklari geleneksel yontemlerin belirlenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Yontem: Kesitsel tipte ve tanimlayici olarak planlanan arastirma, toplam 443 anne ile yurutulmustur. Bulgular: Annelerin bebeklerinin bakiminda kullandiklari geleneksel yontem olarak; bebeklerini tuzladiklari (%25.7), pisikten korumak icin pudra kullandiklari (%40.3), bebeklerini kundakladiklari (%20.1), bebegin atesini dusurmek icin ates dusurucu (%17.8), soguk su (%8.4) ve sirkeli su (%8.7) kullandiklari belirlenmistir. Sonuc: Arastirmaya katilan kadinlarin dogum sonu donemde bebek bakimina yonelik cesitli geleneksel uygulamalari dusuk oranda da olsa surdurdukleri gorulmektedir.

Klasea serratuloidessubsp.karamanicasubsp. nov. (Asteraceae), from the central and south Anatolia transition zone, Turkey

A new subspecies,Klasea serratuloides(DC.) Greuter &amp; Wagenitz subsp.karamanicaB. Dogan &amp; A. Duran (Asteraceae), is described and illustrated from Anatolia, Turkey. The subspecies grows on stony places in the Ayrancı and Ermenek district (C4 Karaman Province), Ereğli district (C5 Konya province) and Ulukışla (C5 Niğde province) in the central and south Anatolia transition zone. It is morphologically similar toK. serratuloidessubsp.serratuloides. Diagnostic morphological characters from closely similar taxa are discussed and arranged in a key. Ecology and conservation status of the subspecies is also presented. In addition, the geographical distribution of the new subspecies and other related species is mapped. The pollen morphology and achene surface ofK. serratuloidessubsp.karamanicaandK. serratuloidessubsp.serratuloideswere examined by SEM.

Projections for Tourism Investments in Karaman Province

Touristic investments play an important role in marketing the tourism in Karaman province. The main reason whythis study is conducted in this region with a high tourism potential is that Karaman province does not have atourism investment guide prepared so far. Our projections will serve for this purpose. In this study, touristicfunction ratio, hotel management function ratio, product-market analysis, perception map throughmulti-dimensional scaling method and TOPSIS method have been used.

9th millennium plant subsistence in the central Anatolian highlands: new evidence from Pınarbaşı, Karaman Province, central Anatolia

Plant macrofossil analysis, phytolith analysis and AMS radiocarbon dating at Pınarbaşı in central Anatolia confirm the presence and continuity of plant gathering practice as a key subsistence strategy from c. 9000–7700 cal BC. Results demonstrate the use of almond, terebinth and hackberry as food plants, similar to Palaeolithic/Epipalaeolithic subsistence strategies in the Antalya region. Crop and/or crop progenitor use is unsupported, with sporadic cereal macrofossils rare and shown by direct radiocarbon dating to be intrusive, a conclusion supported by the phytolith analysis. Seed exploitation is also rejected. Results confirm the presence of sedentary foragers from 9000 cal BC in central Anatolia, contemporary with the Levantine PPNA-Early PPNB, suggest a different plant subsistence focus to contemporary forager societies in the Fertile Crescent and indicate economic differences with contemporary sites in central Anatolia which were already cultivating crops.

Compositions of the Essential Oils of Teucrium cavernarum and Teucrium paederotoides, Two Endemic Species from Turkey

The essential oils from aerial parts of Teucrium cavernarum P.H. Davis and Teucrium paederotoides Boiss. & Hausskn. (Lamiaceae) both of which are endemic species in Turkey were isolated by steam distillation and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Plants were collected during the flowering period from Karaman (T. cavernarum) and Gaziantep (T. paederotoides) province of Turkey. Thirty compounds were identified in the oil of T. cavernarum and seventy three compounds were identified in the oil of T. paederotoides. The major components were characterized as β-caryophyllene (32.9 %), germacrene D (20.7 %), caryophyllene oxide (14.1 %) and bicyclogermacrene (6.3 %) for T. cavernarum and germacrene-D (20.8 %), pulegone (9.5 %), bicyclogermacrene (9.2 %), hexacecanoic acid (7.9 %) and spathulenol (6.5 %) for T. paederotoides, respectively.

Anatomical characteristics of Turkish steno-endemic Origanum leptocladum Boiss. (Lamiaceae)

Origanum leptocladum Boiss. is an endemic East Mediterranean element, naturally growing only in Ermenek district of Karaman province in Turkey. The aim of this study is to determine anatomical features of the species. The study materials were collected from Karaman-Ermenek in 2009 and then preserved in 70 % alcohol. O. leptocladum generally exhibits the anatomical feaures of the family Lamiaceae. Hovewer, herbaceaus stem is weakly-rectangle shaped or tends to be circular, the collenchymatic tissue at the corner of the stem and scleranchymatic pericycle around the vascular tissue are weakly-developed. The most striking anatomical feature is that leaf lamina is dorsiventral in the region near to midvein, but equifacial out of the midvein. According to the results, while the stomata are of mesomorphic type on the leaf surfaces, O. leptocladum has xeromorphic characters such as palisade richness in mesophyll, the occurrence of rich scleranchymatic tissue in midvein and cuticle thickness on leaf surface.

WILD EDIBLE PLANTS IN KARAMAN (SOUTHERN TURKEY)

An ethnobotanical study was carried out in Karaman province (South of Central Anatolia) and wild edible species were identified used as food, spice, pickle, appetizer, mastic, tea and coffee. Identified 61 wild edible plant species belonging to 20 families of the 57 flowering plants, 2 fungi and 1 lichen species were collected from different localities in Karaman. The highest species number is found for Labiatae family (19 species) is followed by Compositae (8 species), Rosaceae (5 species), Caryophyllaceae, Polygonaceae (3 species) and Anacardiaceae, Malvaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Urticaceae (2 species). The rest of the 11 families represented by only 1 species.

A new taxon of Senecio (Asteraceae) from Turkey:Senecio inops Boiss. &amp; Balansa subsp. karamanicus Hamzaoğlu &amp; Budak

Senecio inops Boiss. & Balansa subsp. karamanicus Hamzaoğlu & Budak (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) is described as a new subspecies from Karaman Province (Inner/South Anatolia). A Latin diagnosis, a taxonomic description, an illustration of the new subspecies, geographical distribution, and some comments on its affinity with Senecio inops Boiss. & Balansa subsp. inops are given.

Floral and Foliar Application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) to Apples Increases Yield, Growth, and Nutrient Element Contents of Leaves

ABSTRACT During 2003 and 2005, plant growth promoting effects of Pseudomonas BA-8 and Bacillus OSU-142 were tested alone or in combination on apple (Malus domestica L.) cvs. ‘Starkrimson’ and ‘Granny Smith’ in terms of yield, growth, and nutrient composition of leaves in the province of Karaman, Turkey. The presence of Pseudomonas BA-8, Bacillus OSU-142 and BA-8+OSU-142 stimulated plant growth and resulted in significant yield increases in both cultivars. Floral and foliar applications of PGPR strains significantly increased yield per trunk cross-section area (13.3–118.5%), fruit weight (4.2–7.5%), shoot length (20.8–30.1%), and shoot diameter (9.0–19.8%) in ‘Starkrimson’ and yield per Trunk Cross Sectional Area (TCSA; 14.9%) and fruit weight (6.5–8.7%) in ‘Granny Smith’ compared with the control. In addition, all nutrient elements' contents (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Zn) investigated in both cultivars, except Mg in ‘Starkrimson’, were significantly affected by bacterial applications when compared with the control. The highest N content was obtained from BA-8+OSU-142 application in cvs. ‘Starkrimson’ (2.29%) and ‘Granny Smith’ (2.33%). Phosphorus contents of leaves of ‘Starkrimson’ and ‘Granny Smith’ increased from 0.21 and 0.20% in the control to 0.26 and 0.24% by BA-8 application, to 0.28 and 0.24% by OSU-142 application and to 0.25 and 0.26% by BA-8+OSU-142 application, respectively. BA-8 application in ‘Starkrimson’ (1.90%) and OSU-142 applications in ‘Granny Smith’ (2.90%) significantly increased Ca content of leaves. The results of this study suggest that Pseudomonas BA-8 and Bacillus OSU-142 alone or in combination have the potential to increase the yield, growth, and nutrition of apple trees.

A NEW SPECIES OF RHAMPHOMYIA (SENSU STRICTO) MEIGEN (DIPTERA, EMPIDIDAE) FROM SOUTHERN ANATOLIA, TURKEY

A new species of Rhamphomyia (s. str.) from southern Anatolia (Karaman province) is described and illustrated and compared with related species.

Avârız and Nüzul Levies in the Ottoman Empire: A Case Study of the Province of Karaman 1620s-1700

Basing on firsthand research on original, largely unused Ottoman archival registers (Anadolu ve Rumeli eyâletleri avârizhâne defterleri), this paper intends to examine in a systematic way avâriz and nüzul levies and their rates in the province of Karaman from 1620s to 1700. The focus of this paper will be the development of avâriz and nüzul levies as an alternative major source of regular taxation for the Ottoman government during the seventeenth century. It is a line of research that has so far attracted little attention from scholars despite the fact that there is now more debate on Ottoman socio-economic history generally.This examination will enables us to see for the first time how the avâriz and nüzul rates fluctuated during the seventeenth century down to the level of livas within the Province.

Collection of Avâriz and Nüzul Levies in the Ottoman Empire: A Case Study of the Province of Karaman, 1620-1700

The avariz and nüzul levies were among the most important of the regular sources of government revenue in the Ottoman empire during the seventeenth century, but there has been relatively little study of them. Originating in the late fifteenth century as irregular imposts levied at times of military need, it is clear that by the first quarter of the seventeenth century avariz and nüzul had become virtually annual levies throughout the majority of the Rumelian and Anatolian provinces. This article examines the nature of these levies as seen through collection procedures in the province of Karaman in the period 1620 to 1700, showing how the Ottoman financial administration developed this relatively new and lucrative source of income in a consistent and fair manner.

Collectors of Avâriz and Nüzul Levies in the Ottoman Empire: A Case Study of the Province of Karaman 1621-1700

Relying on first-hand unpublished archival documents this paper focuses on two related aspects: first, it provides a picture of the range of individuals involved in avâriz and nüzul collection in the Ottoman province of Karaman during the 17th century, whether from the military class, the ulema (learned people) or others; second, it examines the changes during the 17th century in the type of person appointed, and what ranks the collection candidate held before attaining those of avâriz and nüzul collection. It will be interesting to assess at what stage, if at all, the palace officials or the followers of 'great men of state' became involved in the collection process. This paper examines the available information to see what, if any, pattern emerges from it.

LOCAL NAMES OF SOME PLANTS FROM KARAMAN PROVINCE

An ethnobotanical study was conducted between 1998 and 1 h 9 in order to determine the wild plants in Karaman province. In the excursions due, 518 plant specimens were collected from natural habitat and 131 of them recorded by their local names from the villagers. Key words: Turkey, Karaman, local names, ethnobotany.