KAP Survey Research Articles

Difficulties in tuberculosis infection control in a general hospital of Vietnam: a knowledge, attitude, and practice survey and screening for latent tuberculosis infection among health professionals

BackgroundIn Vietnam, a country with a high tuberculosis (TB) burden, health professionals in both TB-specialized and non-TB-specialized general hospitals have a high risk of acquiring TB. The aims of the present study were to clarify the difficulties in TB infection control at non-TB specialized hospitals and whether any associated risks of latent TB infection exist among health professionals in Vietnam.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in a national tertiary and general hospital of Hanoi, Vietnam. Participants were health professionals, including physicians, nurses, and other health professionals. We assessed difficulties in TB infection control by conducting a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey. We also collected data on the results of tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) conducted during health check-ups for hospital staff to determine whether health professionals had latent TB infection or TB disease. KAP scores were compared among health professional groups (physicians vs. nurses vs. other health professionals). Factors influencing knowledge scores were evaluated using multiple regression analysis.ResultsA total 440 health professionals at the study site participated in the KAP survey, and we collected the results of TSTs from a total of 299 health professionals. We observed a high prevalence of latent TB infection (74.2%), especially among participants in the emergency department. Although participants had high KAP scores, some topics were less understood, such as symptoms and risks of TB, proper use of protective equipment such as N95 respirators, and preventing transmission by patients with confirmed or suspected TB. Factors influencing knowledge scores associated with TB were age, a belief that TB is the most important infectious disease, being a medical professional, having previously attended workshops or seminars, and knowing that Vietnam has a high burden of TB.ConclusionIn a non-TB specialized hospital of Vietnam, we observed a risk of TB infection among health professionals and difficulties in properly controlling TB infection. Early awareness regarding patients with suspected TB, to apply proper measures and prevent transmission, and education regarding obtaining updated knowledge through scientific information are crucial to enhancing TB infection control in general hospitals of Vietnam.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to TB among the general population of Ethiopia: Findings from a national cross-sectional survey.

IntroductionEthiopia is among the high-burden countries for tuberculosis (TB), TB/HIV, and drug-resistant TB. The aim of this nationwide study was to better understand TB-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) and generate evidence for policy and decision-making.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional TB KAP survey in seven regions and two city administrations of Ethiopia. Eighty kebeles (wards) and 40 health centers were randomly selected for the study. Using systematic sampling, 22 households and 11 TB patients were enrolled from each selected village and health center, respectively. Variables with a value of p = < 0.25 were included in the model for logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 3,503 participants, 884 (24.4%), 836 (24.1%), and 1,783 (51.5%) were TB patients, families of TB patients, and the general population, respectively. The mean age was 34.3 years, and 50% were women. Forty-six percent were heads of households, 32.1% were illiterate, 20.3% were farmers, and 19.8% were from the lowest quintile. The majority (95.5%) had heard about TB, but only 25.8% knew that TB is caused by bacteria. Cough or sneezing was reported as the commonest means of TB transmission. The majority (85.3%) knew that TB could be cured. Men, better-educated people, and TB patients and their families have higher knowledge scores. Of 2,483 participants, 96% reported that they would go to public health facilities if they developed TB symptoms.DiscussionMost Ethiopians have a high level of awareness about TB and seek care in public health facilities, and communities are generally supportive. Inadequate knowledge about TB transmission, limited engagement of community health workers, and low preference for using community health workers were the key challenges.ConclusionsGiven misconceptions about TB’s causes, low preference for use of community health workers, and inadequate engagement, targeted health education interventions are required to improve TB services.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Associated with Antibiotic Use among University Students: A Survey in Nepal.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary study to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) associated with antibiotic use among medical students (MS) and non-medical students (NMS) at Kathmandu University, Nepal. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 1223 students for a cross-sectional study. In total, 1222 questionnaires collected from 609 MS and 613 NMS were regarded as effective. A t-test and Chi-square test were applied to analyze the data. A total of 25 out of 39 questions in the KAP survey were found to have statistical significance. The MS showed higher levels of knowledge/attitude/practice associated with antibiotic use than the NMS. Significant gaps were found in and between the MS and NMS in the first and final years of study. Interventions, such as lectures, courses, workshops, and seminars on antibiotic use, along with internet and media campaigns, etc., are needed to improve the awareness and change the behavior of both the MS and the NMS of universities with regards to the rational use of antibiotics.

«Sácale los pies al mosquito»: resultados parciales de la implementación de un programa educativo en República Dominicana

En República Dominicana, las campañas de concientización encaminadas a informar, sensibilizar y movilizar a las comunidades en la eliminación de los riesgos asociados a la presencia de enfermedades vehiculadas por mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) se desarrollan, fundamentalmente, durante los períodos epidémicos, careciendo de sostenibilidad en el tiempo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar el programa educativo «Sácale los pies al mosquito» para la prevención y el control de enfermedades vehiculadas por mosquitos en Jarabacoa, municipio ubicado en la Cordillera Central. El programa consta de cuatro fases: diagnóstico, planeación, ejecución y evaluación. En la fase de diagnóstico se aplicó una encuesta CAP a 17 centros educativos de enseñanza media, para un total de 639 encuestados. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se desarrollaron charlas educativas y talleres dirigidos a satisfacer las necesidades de aprendizaje identificadas y fomentar la participación consciente y sostenible de los escolares en las acciones de prevención y control, tanto en el entorno escolar como comunitario. Conjuntamente, se creó un sitio web como espacio de divulgación científica sobre las temáticas abordadas. Los resultados obtenidos, a partir de la implementación del programa educativo, han aportado elementos claves para promover la participación de las comunidades en la prevención y control de esta problemática, así como garantizar la sostenibilidad de las acciones desarrolladas.

Evaluation for the effects of nutritional education on Chinese elite male young soccer players: The application of adjusted dietary balance index (DBI)

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of nutrition education on Chinese elite male young soccer players through the knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAP) survey and an adjusted dietary balance index (DBI). Methods30 Chinese elite male young soccer players were randomly divided into two groups: lecture group (N = 15, Age: 16.7 ± 1.8 years, Height: 173.9 ± 9.0 cm; Weight: 62.4 ± 13.0 kg; Training years: 5.6 ± 2.7 years) and non-lecture group (N = 15, Age: 16.8 ± 1.7 years, Height: 175.5 ± 7.9 cm; Weight: 62.5 ± 12.3 kg; Training years: 6.2 ± 3.3). The comics book was given to the non-lecture group, while the a four-week nutritional quality education along with comic books were given to the lecture group. Before and after 4 weeks nutritional education, dietary nutritional status of both groups was assessed. The main outcome measurements included the scores for each part of the KAP survey, diet status (food-weighing method) and the dietary index in the adjusted DBI-07 system (DBI-low bound score, LBS; DBI-high bound score, HBS; and DBI-diet quality distance, DQD). ResultsIn the lecture group, significant differences were found in the scores of general nutrition knowledge, sports nutrition knowledge and total scores of KAP dietary questionnaire after 4 weeks nutritional education (P < 0.01). However, there is no significant difference in dietary attitude and dietary behavior (P > 0.05) on both two groups. There is no significant change in the DBI-low bound score (LBS), DBI-high bound score (HBS) and DBI-diet quality distance (DQD) of dietary quality index (P > 0.05) in both two groups. ConclusionsFour weeks nutritional quality education improved the understanding of dietary nutrition among Chinese elite male young soccer players.

Is there a gap between health education content and practice toward schistosomiasis prevention among schoolchildren along the shores of Lake Victoria in Kenya?

Despite provision of preventive measures against schistosomiasis such as mass drug administration (MDA), the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni remains high in communities living near Lake Victoria. This study aimed to analyse the status of schistosomiasis, including its prevalence, health education, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among pupils, and water use in schools in Mbita situated along the shores of Lake Victoria. Four primary schools were selected as target schools and pupils in classes six and seven were recruited as study participants. The prevalence of S. mansoni was examined by Kato-Katz method. Simultaneously, a KAP survey toward schistosomiasis was conducted among the pupils. Health education contents were extracted from textbooks. All primary schools in the study site were surveyed regarding how each secured water used for daily school life. The prevalence of S. mansoni was 56% and 36% in 2015 and 2016, respectively. 60–70% of pupils chose a correct answer for the mode of transmission. More than 70% of pupils answered that bathing in Lake Victoria causes Schistosoma infection; however, more than 70% of pupils bathed in Lake Victoria sometimes or every day. According to the science textbook, “avoiding contact with contaminated water” is the way to prevent schistosomiasis; however, 66% of schools asked pupils to bring water from Lake Victoria. The prevalence of S. mansoni among pupils remains high. Schoolchildren are taught to avoid contact with contaminated water but are often asked to fetch water from the lake. From the school health viewpoint, health education that reflects the social and cultural context of the community in the contents and teaching methods are needed. In addition to this, provision of sanitation infrastructure is needed. A comprehensive and innovative approach which harmonises central and local governments and other stakeholders, as well as community is important to prevent schistosomiasis.

Approaching Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Model for Elderly with Dementia Who are Suspected to Have Hearing Impairment in Korea.

Because the psychophysical symptoms of hearing loss and dementia in the elderly are very similar, untrained healthcare professionals in dementia facilities can easily overlook a severity of hearing loss in their patients. The present study identifies their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on hearing loss using a survey whether they may help hearing problem of the patients with dementia. A total of 29 health-care professionals responded to the KAP survey. Also, 2 family members participated. The results showed that most of the nurses and caregivers in elderly medical welfare facilities who worked with dementia patients did not have knowledge of their hearing loss. Even the facility managers did not know how to conduct hearing tests for their patients although they did recognize that some of their patients had a hearing loss. Eventually, actual practice was not possible at this moment by the professionals. However, our respondents did have a positive attitude toward screening for hearing loss and help their patients with dementia wear hearing aids if a clinical guideline was provided. We suggest to develop clear and precise clinical guidelines of the hearing screening test for the dementia patients due to the interrelationship between dementia and hearing loss. When these guidelines apply to elderly residents in a medical welfare facility, early diagnosis and treatment of their sensory loss will help alleviate their dementia as well.

Hypertension knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses and physicians in primary care in Ulaanbaatar Mongolia.

Increased blood pressure is a leading risk for death globally, and interventions to enhance hypertension control have become a high priority. An important aspect of clinical interventions is understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of differing primary healthcare practitioners. We examined KAP surveys from 803 primary care practitioners in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (response rate 80%), using a comprehensive KAP survey developed by the World Hypertension League (WHL). The WHL KAP survey uniquely includes an assessment of key World Health Organization recommended interventions to enhance hypertension control. There were few substantive differences between healthcare professional disciplines. Primary care practitioners mostly had a positive attitude toward hypertension management. However, confidence and practice in performing specific tasks to control hypertension were suboptimal. A low proportion indicated they systematically screened adults for hypertension and many were not aware of the need to or were confident in prescribing more than two antihypertensive medications. It was the practice of a high proportion of doctors to not pharmacologically treat most people with hypertension who were at high cardiovascular risk. There was a reluctance by physicians to task share hypertension diagnosis, drug prescribing and assessing cardiovascular risk to nurses. The minority of health care professions use a hypertension management algorithm, and few have patient registries with performance reporting functions. There were few substantive differences based on the age, gender, and years of clinical practice of the practitioners. The study findings support the need for standardized education and training of primary care practitioners in Ulaanbaatar to enhance hypertension control.

Opportunities to improve vaccination coverage in a country with a fledgling health system: Findings from an assessment of missed opportunities for vaccination among health center attendees—Timor Leste, 2016

IntroductionSince its independence in 2002, Timor Leste has made significant strides in improving childhood vaccination coverage. However, coverage is still below national targets, and children continue to have missed opportunities for vaccination (MOV), when eligible children have contact with the health system but are not vaccinated. Timor Leste implemented the updated World Health Organization methodology for assessing MOV in 2016. MethodsThe MOV data collection included quantitative (caregiver exit interviews and health worker knowledge, attitudes, practices surveys (KAP)) and qualitative arms (focus group discussions (FGDs) with caregivers and health workers and in-depth interviews (IDIs) with health administrators). During a four-day period, health workers and caregivers with children <24 months of age attending the selected eight facilities in Dili Municipality were invited to participate. The researchers calculated the proportion of MOV and timeliness of vaccine doses among children with documented vaccination histories (i.e., from a home-based record or facility register) and thematically analyzed the qualitative data. ResultsResearchers conducted 365 caregiver exit interviews, 169 health worker KAP surveys, 4 FGDs with caregivers, 2 FGDs with health workers, and 2 IDIs with health administrators. Among eligible children with documented vaccination histories (n = 199), 41% missed an opportunity for vaccination. One-third of health workers (33%) believed their knowledge of immunization practices to be insufficient. Qualitative results showed vaccines were not available at all selected health facilities, and some facilities reported problems with their cold chain equipment. ConclusionThis study demonstrates that many children in Timor Leste miss opportunities for vaccination during health service encounters. Potential interventions to reduce MOV include training of health workers, improving availability of vaccines at more health facilities, and replacing unusable cold chain equipment. Timor Leste should continue to scale up successful MOV interventions beyond Dili Municipality to improve vaccination coverage nationally and strengthen the health system overall.

Knowledge, attitude and practice in cancer pain management: A survey study among attending physicians, residents and nurses.

e18278 Background: Our study used KAP model to evaluate differences of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice regarding cancer pain management among care providers in a community teaching hospital. Methods: A 32-question KAP survey was designed with 3 demographic, 15 Knowledge, 9 Attitude and 5 Practice questions. It was administered randomly and anonymously to attending physicians of medicine, medical residents and medical nurses. 106 effective questionnaires (24 attending, 41 residents and 41 nurses) were analyzed and compared with percentage by Chi-Squared Test using SPSS 25. Results: Majority of all 3 groups believe only 50-60% of cancer pain can be effectively managed, while the actual effectiveness is close to 90% with proper management. Demographically, female predominates in nurses as expected, there is no statistical difference in previous pain/palliative education. Years of experience vary considerably (P &lt; 0.001). Attending perform best in Knowledge (60% correctness), but not statistically better (P = 0.361), a common area of weakness is low awareness of alternative management besides medication. Attending and nurses have more positive attitude compared to residents (P = 0.002). Nurses perform best in Practice mainly demonstrated by higher awareness and consistency in pain evaluation and documentation (P &lt; 0.001). Finally, overall performance is consistent with self-reported confidence. Conclusions: Knowledge is relatively easy to acquire since residents have comparable level to attending, although further education is indicated for all the providers. More care experience and a positive attitude better predicts practice performance. All 3 group seems to lack belief and confidence in effective cancer pain management, another area to be addressed for quality improvement. [Table: see text]

Awareness regarding hepatitis B&amp;C amongst undergraduates and graduates of Baqai dental college

Introduction: Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are highly infectious and contagious which is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. They are considered as an important occupational hazards especially for dental surgeons and other health care workers as dental treatment often includes direct exposure to patients’ body fluids. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional- KAP survey was conducted from November 2017to February 2018 amongst undergraduates and graduates of Baqai dental college. The study population included undergraduates (third year BDS, Final year BDS) and graduates (house surgeons and faculty members) of Dental College. The sample size was calculated by using Open epi software version 3.01with estimated prevalence rate of 13%, margin of error 5% and 95% confidence interval. The calculated sample size was 165. Result: A total of 165 undergraduates and graduates participated in the study. Regarding Hepatitis B transmission through saliva, 25(83.3%) of third year students, 43(72.9%) of the final year students, 35(76.1%) of house surgeons and 23(76.7%) of faculty members were aware of salivary transmission. Conclusion: The present study was conducted to evaluate awareness regarding transmission of Hepatitis B and C amongst the dental students (third year and final year), dental house surgeon and faculty members. Keywords: Awareness, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Infection control.

Knowledge on Antibiotic Use, Self-Reported Adherence to Antibiotic Intake, and Knowledge on Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogens - Results of a Population-Based Survey in Lower Saxony, Germany.

IntroductionAssessment of public awareness on antibiotic use and resistance can identify key issues for campaigns addressing these problems. Our aim was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) related to antibiotic use and multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens in a general population in Germany.MethodsWe conducted a KAP survey on antibiotics and on MDR pathogens using an online panel recruited from the general population, which was established using stratified random sampling from the population registry in four districts in Lower Saxony, Germany.ResultsIn the 12 months preceding the survey, 32.3% of the participants had received at least one prescription for antibiotics, 95.7% reported to follow the recommendations of prescribers, and 10.3% reported to stop taking antibiotics as soon as they feel better. Up to 94.9% of the participants had heard of MDR pathogens, 42.7% reported to know somebody who had been tested positive for it, 0.8% had an infection with it, and 37.2% were worried of contracting it. In case of contact with a carrier of MDR pathogens, over 90% would increase hand hygiene and 0.8% would avoid the carrier completely. Participants considered health care workers (75.1%) and everybody in society (87.8%) to be responsible for combating the spread of MDR pathogens.ConclusionThere is a high reported exposure to antibiotics and awareness of the problem of MDR pathogens. Despite personal worries, most of the participants indicated a reasonable, non-stigmatizing behavior toward carriers of MDR pathogens, and that every individual was responsible to avoid their spread.

A Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Survey and Entomological Situation Analysis in Malaria Endemic Tribal Villages of Surajpur District, Chhattisgarh, India

Background and objective: Malaria continues to be a global health concern with 219 million cases in year 2017. Chhattisgarh is a malaria endemic State, which contributes to 13.5% of malaria cases and 18.43% of deaths reported in India. More than 30% of Chhattisgarh’s population is tribal. Tribal areas have high malaria prevalence due to prevailing congenial conditions for malaria transmission. This study was carried out with an objective to understand the entomological situation of malaria in the area. An attempt was also made to know the KAP of the population living in the area towards malaria and also towards utilizing the services provided by the government. Methodology: This study was carried out at Odgi block, District Surajpur, where more than 60% of population is tribal. Entomological survey was carried out to find out the primary vector population present. KAP survey was carried out through of in-depth interviews. Results: In our entomological survey, we found high MHD for Anopheles culicifacies, which was the primary vector in the area. We found that the people have very low knowledge about malaria and prefer to visit local traditional healers instead of using government facilities. Conclusion: Our study concluded very low knowledge about malaria in the community. There was requirement of changing IRS or distributing more Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) with malaria awareness campaigns at regularly basis to effectively control malaria in the area.

Assessing change in access to WASH in Palestinian schools

This paper presents the main results from a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in government schools in the State of Palestine (SoP). In 2012 a baseline WASH KAP survey was conducted in 411 schools. In 2015–2016 a statistically representative survey was performed; the sample included 381 of the 411 schools originally sampled in 2012. The survey targeted basic and secondary schools in urban and rural areas of all educational directorates in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The survey was conducted by UNICEF in coordination with the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MoEHE). The findings of the 2016 survey show positive changes in the availability of potable water in schools, which also enabled hygiene and sanitation activities to improve. For instance, more schools taught hygiene education to students on a daily basis in 2016 than in 2012. However, the survey revealed that ensuring the participation of parents and students in WASH activities and continuity of supply of soap, toilet paper, and sanitary pads remains a challenge. This paper concludes with recommendations to further improve the access to WASH in Palestinian schools.

Vaccination Status of Children With Epilepsy or Cerebral Palsy in Hunan Rural Area and a Relative KAP Survey of Vaccinators.

Background: In China, the vaccination of children with epilepsy (EP) and cerebral palsy (CP) has no specific protocol. Parents are often concerned that vaccination of their children may cause complications due to negative recommendations from vaccinators, resulting in a decline in vaccination. It is therefore is essential to investigate the vaccination status of these specific populations, and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of vaccinators.Methods: This study contains two parts. For the vaccination status survey, residency- and age-matched children whose medical expenditure were covered by the New Rural Cooperative Medical System in Hunan Province were enrolled. Children who were diagnosed with EP or CP were included as the case group, while children without any chronic disease were enrolled as the control group. The vaccination rates of the two groups were compared. For the KAP survey, vaccinators who registered in Hunan CDC were recruited as respondents, and questions were asked related to their experience and attitudes toward vaccinating children with EP or CP.Results: The vaccination rates of the case group were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.001), with the exception of BCG and Hep B1. Nine measles and two mumps cases were diagnosed in the case group, while there were no Vaccine Preventable Disease (VPD) cases in the control group. The vaccinators' knowledge of the issues related to the vaccination of children with EP or CP was weaker than their knowledge of general vaccination issues. Furthermore, when making a vaccination decision, seizure-free periods and EEG status were their main concerns.Conclusion: The vaccination status of rural children with EP and CP is in jeopardy in Hunan, China, and there are several misunderstandings regarding the contraindications of vaccines among vaccinators. We suggest that measures are taken to improve this situation.

Bio-eco-social determinants of Aedes breeding in field practice area of a medical college in Pune, Maharashtra.

Major determinant of dengue incidence is interaction between ecology, vector bionomics, and social factors. The objective of the study is to find out bio-eco-social determinants of Aedes breeding. Background, household, entomological, and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) surveys were undertaken post- and premonsoon showers from May to June 2016 in urban and rural practice area of medical college. A total of 181 and 204 households, 131 and 137 individuals, and 1250 and 1268 water-holding containers were included in household survey, KAP survey, and larval survey in urban slum and rural area, respectively. In both locations, maximum water-holding containers were indoors (41.4% and 61.8%, respectively); however, maximum positivity was peridomestic (63.6% and 83.1%, respectively). Pupae per container were 0.9 and 1.9 in respective locations and pupae per person were 1.2 and 2.3, respectively. Container positivity was seen in containers with rain as water source (8.8%) as well as among those who were never used (10.7%). Irregular water supply was significantly more in rural area (P < 0.05). KAP survey revealed that majority (90.1% and 71.5%, respectively) had heard about dengue, with significantly higher knowledge in urban slum, and television was the main source of information. Majority (89% and 83%, respectively) were unaware that peak biting time of Aedes is daytime. Use of mosquito repellent coils was the predominant preventive practice (46.6% and 61.2%, respectively). Pupae were reared; all were found to be Aedes aegypti. Despite enhanced awareness campaigns, an integrated vector management approach is required for prevention of dengue.

Primary Health-Care Staff Barriers to Immunization.

Background:Missed opportunities for immunization (MOI) is considered as the most important preventable reason for underimmunization. Health-care workers stand beyond more than half the children's missed opportunities due to gaps in their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding immunization.Objectives:This study assessed immunization staff at primary health-care centers in Baghdad/Al-Karkh for KAP that may lead to MOI.Materials and Methods:KAP survey was conducted on field immunization service providers at primary health-care centers in Baghdad/Al-Karkh. Barriers are considered to present whenever scores found <80 in any of KAP. Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire analyzed by SPSS 24.Results:Among 217 respondent health professionals, 69 (31.8%) were physicians and 148 (68.2%) were nurses. The studied sample got mean scores for KAP of 84.7 ± 11.4, 71.1 ± 22.7, and 74.8 ± 20.3, respectively. Physicians had higher mean knowledge score compared to nurses (P < 0.05). Both physicians and nurses got mean scores below 80 for both attitudes and practices.Conclusion:Attitudes and practices in both physicians and nurses need to be improved to avoid MOI.

Couples' competences in immediate postpartum family planning in the Biyem-Assi health district Cameroon

IntroductionLa planification familiale en post-partum immédiat reste encore peu connue et peu pratiquée par la plupart des couples au Cameroun. Pourtant, juste après un accouchement, nombreux sont ceux qui désirent différer la naissance de leur prochain enfant. Cette étude avait pour objectif de déterminer le niveau de compétences et le besoin éducationnel des couples en matière de planification familiale en post-partum immédiat dans le District de Santé de Biyem-Assi.MéthodesIl s'agissait de mener une enquête CAP (connaissances, attitudes et pratiques), dans le District de Santé de Biyem-Assi. La collecte des données s'est faite à l'aide de deux questionnaires de 40 questions chacun, rédigés en français, l'un adressé aux femmes en couple et en post-partum et l'autre aux hommes en couple et ayant au moins un enfant. Les données recueillies ont été saisies dans le logiciel CSPro version 6.2, puis analysées à l'aide du logiciel SPSS version 20.0.RésultatsUn total de 300 individus a été interrogé avec un sex-ratio de 1. Plus de la moitié (56,7%) avait une connaissance approximative de la planification familiale en post-partum immédiat. Pour 36% des répondants, le post-partum immédiat n'était pas un moment approprié pour l'utilisation d'une méthode contraceptive moderne, l'interaction entre contraceptifs et lait maternel (65,4%) et l'infertilité de la femme (26,3%) étaient les principales raisons évoquées. Les pratiques contraceptives en post-partum immédiat de 60,5% des couples vivant dans le District de Santé de Biyem-Assi étaient inadéquates. Par conséquent, la plupart des enquêtés avaient un niveau de compétences insuffisant (32,6%) et faible (23,3%) en matière de planification familiale en post-partum immédiat.ConclusionCertains préjugés et de fausses idées persistent dans la population du District de Santé de Biyem-Assi en ce qui concerne les méthodes contraceptives modernes, et constituent un frein à la pratique contraceptive en général et en post-partum immédiat en particulier. Des efforts de sensibilisation et d'éducation des couples pour l'amélioration de leurs compétences en matière de contraception en post-partum immédiat s'avèrent nécessaires.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers regarding nutrition of under-five children: A cross-sectional study in rural settings

Background: Nutrition of the under-five children is of greatest importance because the foundation of our lifetime health, strength, intelligence, and vitality is laid during this period. Our country faces the burden of diseases in which nutritional deficiencies are the most common. The prevalence of underweight children in India is among the highest in the world. Knowledge of mothers has an important role in the maintenance of nutritional status of the children. For this mother has to be made more aware about feeding practices of children and other health-care practices. Objective: This study was undertaken with an aim to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of mothers regarding nutrition of under-five children and prevention of malnutrition. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among 300 mothers with under-five children. A structured questionnaire based on KAP survey guidelines, previous studies, but relevant to local context was developed. The KAP questionnaire comprised three parts which assessed the KAP regarding nutrition of under-five children and prevention of malnutrition. Results: A total of 300 mothers were enrolled in the study. Majority of mothers had fair to good KAP regarding nutrition of under-five children and prevention of malnutrition. Conclusion: Adequate knowledge of mothers regarding dietary patterns of under-five children will enhance the attitude and practice to prevent malnutrition.

New Methodologies for Global Health Research: Improving the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Survey Model Through Participatory Research in Haiti.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey models are a common tool used by researchers and global health practitioners to reveal insights necessary for health program design and implementation. We explore how an interdisciplinary team of medical practitioners, researchers, designers, and community members improved the KAP survey tool in Haiti by drawing on participatory research methods. The overall objective of the project was to build a new approach to investigating and meeting community health needs and specifically the challenges faced by women with breast and cervical cancer in Haiti. The research findings were used to design an education tool kit for health care providers as well as create a community-based engagement strategy to better connect people to cancer screening and treatment facilities. By infusing the KAP survey model with participatory approaches to knowledge production, the advisory board designed a survey tool that generated more relevant and in-depth knowledge with the community while maintaining the study's simplicity and complying with a time-limited budget.