Kantar Health Research Articles

SPOTLIGHTS

Kantar Health in Healthcare. Saphetor: Leader of the Revolution in Clinical Diagnostics. Healthcare Advancement: “Healthcare is a National Right, Not a Privilege”. Data Showed Treatment Makes mCRPC Patients Live Longer.

PIH40 - Cross-Country Profile of Adult Caregivers

Poster Presented at the ISPOR 18 Annual European Congress │ 7-11 November 2015 │ Milan, Italy ©Copyright  2015 Kantar Health, 1 Independence Way  Suite 220, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA, 609-720-5480 www.kantarhealth.com  Family members assume important roles when caring for an adult relative, which may negatively impact their own well-being and finances.  CGs exhibited lower HRQoL scores and higher rates of depressive symptoms.  Profiling the differences of CG burden by country could help illustrate the need for interventions to minimize burden, especially in France and Japan. CONCLUSIONS  Caring for an adult relative (e.g., elderly parents) has been associated with stress and negative outcomes such as depression and anxiety as well as financial burdens.  The aim of this analysis is to profile caregivers (CGs) across eight countries relative to non-CGs with respect to differences in demographics, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores, depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), and CG burden. OBJECTIVE CROSS-COUNTRY PROFILE OF ADULT CAREGIVERS Riccardo Pedersini, PhD; Kathy Annunziata, MA Kantar Health, Epsom, UK; Kantar Health, Princeton, NJ, USA

Sociodemographics, Comorbidities, Healthcare Utilization and Work Productivity in Japanese Patients with Adult ADHD.

ObjectivesThis study compared the sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, healthcare resource utilization, and work productivity among Japanese adults who reported being diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to those of a non-ADHD control population.MethodsData for this study were captured from an online survey of adults in Japan conducted by Kantar Health using consumer panels. A total of 84 survey participants reported they had received a diagnosis of ADHD from a physician. Survey responses pertaining to functional status and resource utilization from this ADHD group were compared to those from a non-ADHD control group of 100 participants. Comparisons between the ADHD and non-ADHD groups were made using chi-square tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables.ResultsParticipants in the ADHD group were on average slightly younger with a higher proportion of males. ADHD respondents reported significantly more comorbid depression, sleep difficulties, headaches, and anxiety than non-ADHD controls. Over the previous 6 months, the ADHD group made more visits to healthcare providers and the emergency room, and had more hospitalizations than non-ADHD controls. The ADHD group also rated their overall health status lower than the non-ADHD control group. Respondents with ADHD reported a significantly higher degree of health-related work impairment compared to non-ADHD, with greater absenteeism and decreased work productivity. The ADHD group indicated their symptoms negatively impacted relationships, self-esteem, and regular daily activities.ConclusionsJapanese adults with ADHD face a substantial burden of illness, including lower overall health status, increased number of comorbidities, greater healthcare utilization, and significant health-related occupational impairment compared to those without ADHD. Additional research is needed to develop a better understanding of both the consequences and treatment approaches for Japanese adults with ADHD.

PIH39 - Understanding Apparent Health Outcome Disparities Between Ethnic Groups In The U.S

Poster Presented at the ISPOR 20th Annual International Meeting │ 16-20 May 2015 │ Philadelphia, PA, USA ©Copyright  2015 Kantar Health, 1 Independence Way  Suite 220, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA, 609-720-5480 www.kantarhealth.com Sample Demographics  Overall, Whites were older, more likely to have a 4-year degree, and more likely to have higher income than Blacks, Hispanic/ Latinos, and Other Ethnicity (Table 1).  Asians had the highest proportion of those with a 4-year degree and highest proportion of respondents making $75k or more annually (Table 1).  Asians were also the most likely to have a normal BMI, less likely to smoke, and less likely to drink than other ethnic groups (Table 1). RESULTS

Methodology of the EDIFICE Melanoma survey.

Melanoma accounts for a small proportion of skin cancers but is the most serious. The prognosis is, however, good if it is diagnosed early, before the metastatic stages. For these reasons, population awareness and knowledge with regard to melanoma and the associated risk factors are critical to improving the effectiveness of melanoma primary prevention campaigns. The EDIFICE Melanoma survey was designed to cover a large number of topics related to sun exposure and melanoma: knowledge and awareness of the risks associated with sun and artificial ultraviolet exposure, knowledge of melanoma and the associated risk factors, behaviour regarding protective measures in adults and children. The survey questionnaire was administered by experienced independent interviewers from the Kantar Health Institute using the Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview technique. It was important to avoid the effects of 'contamination' in answers to questions about sun exposure habits. Questions about exposure habits were therefore asked before those relating to knowledge of best practices for sun protection. A sample of 1502 individuals aged 18 years and over was interviewed. The survey data were weighted to eliminate structural variations between the sample interviewed and the reference population. Quantitative data were described by the means and standard deviations and categorical data by the numbers in each category and corresponding percentages. Three multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted and expressed in terms of odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. In addition to the classic questions relating to sociodemographic characteristics, the EDIFICE Melanoma study questionnaire was organized around three themes: the opinion, attitude and knowledge of individuals regarding sun exposure and melanoma. The survey questionnaire lasted approximately 20 min. This study provided a complete 'snapshot' of opinions, attitudes and knowledge of French people in 2011 with regard to sun exposure.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in France in 2012: Results from the ObEpi survey

AimThis analysis estimates the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in French adults participating in the ObEpi (obesity epidemiology) 2012 survey and also proposes a description of that population, according to comorbidities, treatments and sociodemographic factors related to the disease. MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was posted to 20,000 households from the Kantar Health panel. In total, 25,714 adults aged≥18 years and representative of the French population completed the survey between January and March 2012. ResultsThe prevalence of T2DM was 5.5±0.3% (95% CI) in this representative sample of the adult French population. Average age of patients was 65.9 years; 55% were men. Mean body mass index was 29.9kg/m2 (men: 29.4kg/m2, women: 30.6 kg/m2; P<0.01); the prevalence of obesity was 43.1% (men: 39.9%, women: 47.1%; P<0.01). Patient-reported treatments for comorbidities were frequent: high blood pressure, 59.1%; dyslipidaemia, 59.9%; myocardial infarction/angina pectoris, 9.7%; revascularization, 7.8%; heart failure, 7.4%; sleep apnoea, 8.3%; and osteoarthritis, 10.7%. With regards to known treatments, 81.4% of patients were taking oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), and 15.3% were using insulin therapy. Also, 18.8% of diabetic respondents reported financial hardship. ConclusionT2DM remains a disease of major concern: compared with the non-diabetic population, all parameters surveyed showed unfavourable ratings, particularly for women.

PCN31 - Comparison of Epidemiology and Drug Treatment in HER2 Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC) in EU5

Explore differences/similarities in epidemiology and drug treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in EU5. All data was derived from the Kantar Health CancerMPact database, sources for which include country specific cancer registries, published scientific studies and proprietary physician surveys comprising 85 doctors seeing 9,255 patients per month. Age and gender specific incidence rates, annual stage specific progression rates and annual stage specific survival rates are used to calculate total number of surviving patients at a specific stage up to 10 years after diagnosis. Prevalence of BC ranged between 41-73 per 100K population across EU-5. Among BC patients, prevalence of MBC was similar: 8% (UK, Italy) to 10% (Germany, France, Spain). Overall 62% of MBC patients were diagnosed with HER2-negative disease (56% Germany-70% France). Among these patients 35-40% had active disease and were treated with chemotherapy. Patients with triple negative disease had had fewer lines of treatment than did not triple negative. Patients who are HER2-negative generally receive between two and three lines of chemo therapy on average. Second line chemotherapy regimens varied. Capecitabine was the most common therapy (mono and combination) in all countries ranging from 36% (UK) to 40% (Germany). 2nd and 3rdmost common therapies were vinorelbine (23%-26%) and paclitaxel (20%-23%) in Germany, Italy and Spain vs. docetaxel (18%-34%) and paclitaxel (11%-19%) in UK and France. In third line, the most commonly used agents were capecitabine (16%-44%) and vinorelbine (18%-26%). Eribulin was used in second line (3%-6%) and third line (11%-19%) in all countries except for Spain. Capecitabine is the most utilized chemotherapeutic agent in the second and third lines chemotherapy in Western Europe for HER2-negative patients. A variety of other regimens, primarily monotherapies, may also be used in later lines, including vinorelbine, gemcitabine, eribulin, and docetaxel.

PWE-180 A Survey Evaluating General Practitioners’, Gastroenterologists’ And Experts’ Diagnostic Approaches To Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome And Chronic Constipation In Five European Countries

IntroductionThe confident diagnosis of chronic abdominal conditions can be challenging. This study assessed the diagnostic process in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS‑C), irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS‑D), inflammatory...

SAT0085 Burden of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Emerging and Developed Countries

BackgroundWhilst studies addressing the burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in both developed and developing countries have been published, there is limited information available comparing these environments.ObjectivesTo evaluate and compare the...

Characteristics, treatment patterns, and unmet needs of Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation

Characteristics, treatment patterns, and unmet needs of Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation Yukihiro Koretsune,1 Bruno Rossi,2 Kazuya Iwamoto,3 Edward CY Wang,4 Marco DiBonaventura,5 Jean-Baptiste Briere41Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan; 2Market Access, Bayer Yakuhin Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 3Medical Affairs Cardiovascular and Neurology, Bayer Yakuhin Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 4Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bayer Yakuhin Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 5Health Outcomes Practice, Kantar Health, New York, NY, USABackground: Data on characteristics, comorbidities, health outcomes, and treatment patterns of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Japan are scarce. The aim of this study was to address this gap in order to better understand the characteristics of Japanese AF patients.Methods and results: The 2008-2010 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey data sets were used in this study (N = 60,015). Demographics, health characteristics, stroke risk (using the CHA2DS2-VASc score), comorbidities, and health outcomes were all assessed. A total of 565 patients (0.94%) self-reported a physician diagnosis of AF. Patients with AF reported a number of comorbidities, including another cardiovascular condition (87.08%), a urological condition (67.79%), and dyspepsia (37.35%). Patients with AF also reported significantly worse health status and significantly more resource use than did controls. Based on the CHA2DS2-VASc score, most patients (88.50%) were at either moderate or high risk, yet only 64.25% of patients were currently being treated. Among those not currently treated, 42.57% had discontinued previous treatment. Among those currently treated, over a third reported nonadherent behaviors.Conclusion: Despite the disease burden and the high risk for a future stroke, not all patients are being treated according to guidelines. This treatment gap highlights the need for better therapeutic alternatives, in order to improve the management of patients with AF, in Japan.Keywords: stroke risk, health status, adherence

Inappropriate Use of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives for Birth Control Among Women of Reproductive Age in the United States

To describe the extent of inappropriate use of combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) according to the United States Medical Eligibility Criteria (U.S. MEC). We analyzed Kantar Health's 2010 U.S. National Health and Wellness Survey data, which is an annual population-based survey of 75,000 U.S. adults via internet. A stratified random sampling framework was used to construct a sample that reflects the U.S. census by age, gender, and ethnicity. The analysis included nonpregnant females aged 18-44 years who used CHC, including oral, patch, or vaginal rings in the past 6 months. Women classified into category 3 (theoretical or proven risks usually outweigh the advantages of using the method) or 4 (unacceptable health risk) according to the U.S. MEC were defined as having high-risk conditions, or inappropriate CHC use. The proportions of women who had inappropriate CHC use were then projected to the U.S. population by diseases/conditions and demographic characteristics incorporating sampling weights. We identified 2963 adult females of reproductive age (mean 29.3±6.0) (i.e., 20.4% of all adult females of reproductive age in the database) as being CHC users. Among them, 23.7% (95% CI: 22.8%-24.5%) had at least one high-risk condition and 9.3% (95% CI: 9.2%-9.4%) had at least one condition of unacceptable risk. The three most common high-risk conditions were migraine (12.7%), multiple risk factors for arterial cardiovascular disease (9.3%), and hypertension (6.1%). Women with relatively higher proportions of inappropriate CHC use were age ≥35, not finished college, and Medicaid recipients. A large portion of women used CHC inappropriately. Hormone-free and progestin-only contraceptives are available options with potentially less risk for them.

AB0776 Work and activity impairment among patients with rheumatoid arthritis prescribed biologics: a patient survey

BackgroundThere is a paucity of comparative, real-world data that describe the relationship between choice of biologic therapy and patient-reported outcomes in RA.ObjectivesTo compare the level of impairment in work and...

FRI0387 Pain, health-related quality of life and health status in GOUT in europe

BackgroundGout is an increasingly prevalent rheumatic disease (with acute and chronic components) which is associated with significant reduction in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)1,2. Although much of this impairment results...

Editorial

As we close out another busy year in caring for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), the current issue of IJMSC offers another set of articles covering a broad range of topics relevant to MS clinicians and researchers.One important article deals with the initial diagnosis of MS, which is a critical step in defining subsequent treatment approaches, whether these are pharmacologic, rehabilitative, or a mixture of the two. Dr. Lalan and colleagues of the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson contribute to our understanding of how to differentiate neuromyelitis optica (NMO) from MS using magnetic resonance imaging. Given that NMO is treated differently than more standard forms of MS, and that NMO patients may even worsen if given standard disease-modifying agents used in MS, this differentiation between the two entities is critical. The authors offer guidelines that are helpful to all MS clinicians, but especially to those who may not have seen this rarer form of demyelinating disease on a regular basis.Once the diagnosis of MS is established, the next step for an MS clinician is generally to consider whether a disease-modifying agent is appropriate and, if so, which one. An important subsequent step is to make sure that the patient is compliant with this agent. Dr. Dhib-Jalbut of the UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School in New Brunswick, New Jersey, and colleagues describe the effect of a focused training and education program using specialized nurses on compliance with interferon beta-1b in patients with early-onset MS. The program seemed to be effective in increasing patients' adherence to disease-modifying therapy.We have two contributions on specific areas of symptom management in this issue, one being a discussion of the use of a comprehensive pain management program in MS, and the other being a listing of poster presentations at a recent symposium on gait and balance in MS. While some clinicians continue to believe that MS does not cause pain, MS patients clearly experience pain from the disease as well as from multiple other causes, and most MS clinicians feel ill-equipped to effectively help patients with their pain. Dr. Sullivan and colleagues at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio, describe the experience of MS patients who have chronic pain and have been enrolled in a comprehensive chronic pain rehabilitation program at the Cleveland Clinic. The authors demonstrate that MS patients can have significant improvements in pain, depression, and functioning, with results similar to those experienced by non-MS patients. Dr. Zackowski of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, and colleagues have organized a symposium on gait and balance in MS for a couple of years now, and we have the pleasure of including a list of the poster abstract titles from the most recent conference in the print issue, with the full abstracts published in our online edition at IJMSC.org. We are glad to help achieve a wider audience for their excellent work on this important topic.We are particularly pleased to have a contribution from a colleague in Jordan, Dr. Hamed of the University of Jordan in Amman, which discusses the real-life experience of MS patients and how environmental factors hinder their attempts to integrate into the wider community. Dr. Hamed also discusses the potential role for occupational therapists as well as others in planning intervention programs for patients with MS. Although the study involved Jordanian MS patients, the findings are equally applicable to other countries.Closing out this issue are two helpful contributions regarding caregivers of people with MS. Ms. Gupta of Kantar Health in Princeton, New Jersey, along with colleagues at EMD Serono and Pfizer, compares the reported burden of caregiving for MS patients and Alzheimer's disease patients, finding that MS caregivers have a much heavier load in some areas. This interesting study has important implications for policymaking as well as raising our awareness of caregiving issues. Ms. Preissner and colleagues of the University of Illinois at Chicago discuss the difficulty of doing research involving MS caregivers and how to get around these issues in order to advance such research and then develop educational programs to assist the caregivers, who are so crucial to the lives of our MS patients.We also want to remind you that the deadline for submitting abstracts for the Fifth Cooperative Meeting of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers and the Americas Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, to be held in the spring of 2013, is December 31, 2012. Enjoy the rest of 2012, and we at IJMSC wish you all a very happy New Year!

Burden of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) in France, Italy, and the United Kingdom

BackgroundSeveral studies have examined the effect of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) on health outcomes in Western Europe, but less research has focused on the constipation subtype (IBS-C). The current study addresses this gap by comparing patients with IBS-C and matched controls for health status, work productivity, and resource utilization.MethodsData were obtained from the 2010 5EU National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), which includes respondents from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK. Only participants from France (n = 15,051), Italy (n = 7580), and the UK (n = 15,065) were included in the analyses. Respondents who reported a physician diagnosis of IBS and reported only constipation symptoms were compared with respondents who did not report being diagnosed with IBS using a propensity score-matching methodology (matching on sociodemographics, health behaviors, and comorbidities). Differences between patients with IBS-C and matched controls were examined on health status (Short Form Survey Instrument version 2), work productivity (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire), and health care resource use in the past 6 months.ResultsA total of 83 (0.55%), 109 (1.44%), and 204 (1.35%) respondents reported a diagnosis of IBS with only constipation symptoms in France, Italy, and the UK, respectively. Within each country, patients with IBS-C reported significantly worse health status compared with matched controls (all P < 0.05) and significantly more physician visits (all P < 0.05). More hospitalizations were also observed in the UK (P < 0.05). Among those who were employed, patients with IBS-C in France and the UK also reported significantly more presenteeism than matched controls (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThese findings highlight the pervasive influence of IBS-C on the day-to-day functioning of sufferers, their ability to be productive at work, and their influence on the wider health care system. Significant unmet needs remain, and improved management of this condition could result in significant and clinically meaningful gains in health status as well as alleviating a societal cost burden.

Tophi and frequent gout flares are associated with impairments to quality of life, productivity, and increased healthcare resource use: Results from a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundThe prevalence of gout is increasing, and most research on the associated burden has focused on serum urate (sUA) levels. The present study quantifies the impact of the presence of tophi and frequency of acute gout attacks on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), productivity, and healthcare resource utilization.MethodsPatients with self-reported gout (n = 620; 338 in US and 282 across France, Germany, and UK) were contacted based on inclusion in the 2010 US and EU National Health and Wellness Surveys (Kantar Health) and the Lightspeed Research ailment panel. Respondents were categorized into mutually-exclusive groups based on number of gout flares experienced in the past 12 months (0/don’t recall, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 6+), current presence of tophi (none, 1+, or not sure), and sUA level awareness (yes, no). HRQOL (SF-12v2), healthcare provider visits in the last 6 months, and work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) were compared across groups.ResultsMost patients were males, mean age of 61 years, who reported experiencing at least one acute gout flare in the past 12 months, and 12.3% (n = 76) reported presence of tophi. Among the 27.7% (n = 172) of patients who were aware of their sUA levels, higher sUA was associated with more flares and tophi. Decreased HRQOL was associated with more frequent flares and presence of tophi. In multivariable models predicting outcomes based on presence of tophi and number of flares, both flares (≥4) and tophi (≥1) were associated with HRQOL decrements on physical and mental component summary scores and health utilities (all p < 0.05), after adjustment for age, gender, and time since diagnosis. Flares were also associated with greater activity impairment.ConclusionsImpairments associated with gout flares and presence of tophi, across patients in the US and EU, underscore the importance of effective management of this potentially curable condition.

632 - Epidemiology Projection Trends for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (MCRC) Patients Receiving Second Line (2L) Therapy in EU and US

ABSTRACT Background Worldwide, CRC is the third most common cancer in men (663,000 cases, 10% of the total) and second in women (571,000 cases, 9.4% of the total) (IARC 2008). Due to demographic expansion and an ageing population, the annual number of newly diagnosed and treated CRC cases is expected to increase in Western countries. Hence, epidemiology projection estimates by line of therapy are needed to support clinical, economic and resource planning. Methods Epidemiological data was obtained using the CancerMPact® database (accessed Oct 2011), which includes line of therapy estimations through the US National Oncology Data Alliance and survey of a representative physician sample. Data was grouped by stage at diagnosis and stage IV refers to metastatic patients. Results From 2010-2020, the distribution of mCRC patients receiving 2L differs by country in EU. The highest number of treated patients is in Germany, followed by Italy and UK. Among all treated mCRC patients, about 42% of patients in EU and 45% of patients in US will go on to 2L. By 2020, the percentage of patients receiving 1L and 2L will increase by about 15% across US and EU. Over a 10 year period, the number of treated patients for each line of therapy will increase by 19%, 11%, 15%, 20%, and 14% for France, Germany, Italy, Spain and UK, respectively. The table below refers to the number of metastatic patients by line of therapy. Conclusions Despite improvement in survival rates, approximately half of patients in US and EU who receive 1L go on to 2L. In addition to survey data, real world data and disease based registries can help validate these projection estimates. The projected increase in mCRC patients by 10-20% across the EU has implications for disease management and health resource planning in oncology. Table: 632 Year Line Number of patients France Germany Italy Spain UK EU 5 US 2010 1L 13705 25590 18171 9590 16646 83702 40484 2L 8212 15378 10904 5746 9988 50228 27217 3L 3117 5846 4125 2177 3792 19057 14602 4L+ 695 1296 868 474 840 4173 5429 Total stage IV * 19344 36313 25408 13432 23372 117869 60703 2020 1L 16273 28410 20956 11533 19060 96232 47447 2L 9755 17048 12592 6916 11434 57745 31672 3L 3704 6476 4767 2622 4341 21910 16999 4L+ 825 1439 1002 571 961 4798 6324 Total stage IV * 22947 39931 29361 16194 26733 135166 69391 * a patient may receive multiple lines of therapy in a given year Source: CancerMPact® Kantar Health ( www.cancermpact.com ) Disclosure O. Moulard: I am an employee of Sanofi. J. Mehta: I am an employee of Sanofi. S. Naoshy: I am an employee of Sanofi. R. Olivares: I am an employee of Sanofi. S.U. Iqbal: I am an employee of Sanofi. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

1418PD_PR - Quantifying the Burden of Caregiving for Patients with Cancer in Europe

ABSTRACT Background It is recognized that cancer imposes a burden both on patients and on those who provide care for them, but the extent of this burden compared to non-caregivers is unknown. Methods Data were obtained from the 2010 EU National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS), a self-administered online survey of adults in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom (n = 57,805). Stratified random sampling matched the NHWS with each country's demographic composition. Respondents who reported providing care for a patient with cancer (called informal “caregivers”) were compared with respondents not providing care (“non-caregivers”) on health status (from the Short Form (SF)-12 and SF-6D health utility measure), work impairment from the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire, diagnosed comorbid illness, and self-reported healthcare resource use. Regression models were used to predict health outcomes as a function of caregiving vs. non-caregiving, controlling for demographics, health risk behaviors, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Results Adjusting for covariates, caregivers (n = 847) reported significantly worse health status than non-caregivers (n = 52,127) (physical: -1.32 points; mental: -3.21 points; health utilities: -0.043 points, all p Conclusion Cancer caregivers experience a significantly higher burden than non-caregivers, adding to the already high societal cost of cancer. Special attention to caregivers should be given based on their pivotal role in maintaining the health and well-being of patients with cancer, fulfilling a need not addressed by the healthcare system. Disclosure A. Mori: Ave Mori is an employee of Bristol-Myers Squibb, which funded this study. A. Goren: Amir Goren is an employee of Kantar Health, which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this study. I. Gilloteau: Isabelle Gilloteau is an employee of Bristol-Myers Squibb, which funded this study. M.D. Dibonaventura: Marco DiBonaventura is an employee of Kantar Health, which received funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this study.

Inappropriate use of combined hormonal contraceptives among adult reproductive-age women in the United States

Inappropriate use of combined hormonal contraceptives among adult reproductive-age women in the United States

886 BURDEN OF ILLNESS IN TREATMENT NAIVE HEPATITIS C (HCV) PATIENTS IN THE EU

Background: The societal impact of current HCV infections is expected to rise as patients develop liver cirrhosis and cancer. This study assessed productivity loss, healthcare resource utilization, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) in treatment naive HCV patients in the EU. Methods: Adult subjects without HBV or HIV infection in the 2010 wave of the EU National Health and Wellness Survey, conducted by Kantar Health, were analyzed. Propensity score was used to match untreated physician diagnosed HCV patients with individuals without HCV. The study cohort was assessed for work productivity [percentage of work time missed (absenteeism) and percentage of impairment experienced while at work (presenteeism) because of one’s health in past seven days] and activity impairment; indirect costs [annual lost wages due to absenteeism and presenteeism]; healthcare resource utilization [outpatient and ER visits, hospitalization in past 6 months]; and HRQoL [MOS-SF12v2 based Physical and Mental Component Summary (PCS and MCS), and Health Utility score]. Comparisons were made using chi-square for categorical, and t-tests and Mann-Whitney-U non-parametric tests for continuous outcomes. Results: Of 57,172 survey respondents, 139 reported a diagnosis of HCV infection with no treatment history [France (26), Germany (26), the UK (19), Italy (48), and Spain (20)] and 139 matched controls were selected from non-HCV subjects from same countries in equal numbers. The mean age of HCV patients was 55.1 years and 62% were male. Non-HCV individuals were, on average, 53.1 years old and 54% were male. HCV patients versus matched non-HCV subjects had higher presenteeism (24.84% vs. 12.86%; P = 0.006) and overall work impairment (28.65% vs. 14.75%; P = 0.004), on average, greater indirect costs (€6201.83 vs. €3447.32; P = 0.009), more provider visits (19.54 vs. 12.06; P = 0.001), and lower PCS score (43.49 vs. 45.99; P = 0.048). When compared to non-HCV individuals, HCV patients also had higher absenteeism and activity impairment, more frequent ER visits and hospitalizations, and poorer mean MCS and SF6D Utility scores. However, the differences did not reach statistical significance (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: In the absence of treatment, HCV infection was associated with greater work productivity loss and related indirect costs, poorer physical health, and greater outpatient services utilization.