Kamphaeng Phet Research Articles

In Vitro Phytotherapeutic Properties of Aqueous Extracted Adenia viridiflora Craib. towards Civilization Diseases

Adenia viridiflora Craib. is an indigenous edible plant that became an endangered species due to limited consumption of the local population with unknown reproduction and growth conditions. The plant is used as a traditional herb; however, its health applications lack scientific-based evidence. A. viridiflora Craib. plant parts (old leaves and young shoots) from four areas as Kamphaeng Phet (KP), Muang Nakhon Ratchasima (MN), Pakchong Nakhon Ratchasima (PN), and Uthai Thani (UT) origins were investigated for phenolic compositions and in vitro health properties through the inhibition of key enzymes relevant to obesity (lipase), diabetes (α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV), Alzheimer’s disease (cholinesterases and β-secretase), and hypertension (angiotensin-converting enzyme). Phenolics including p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, naringenin, and apigenin were detected in old leaves and young shoots in all plant origins. Old leaves exhibited higher total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total flavonoid contents (TFCs), leading to higher enzyme inhibitory activities than young shoots. Besides, PN and MN with higher TPCs and TFCs tended to exhibit greater enzyme inhibitory activities than others. These results will be useful to promote this plant as a healthy food with valuable medicinal capacities to support its consumption and agricultural stimulation, leading to sustainable conservation of this endangered species.

Building of networks to revive the lifestyles and pass on local cultural knowledge heritage of Thai hill tribes for promotion of cultural tourism in Kamphaeng Phet

Building of networks to revive the lifestyles and pass on local cultural knowledge heritage of Thai hill tribes for promotion of cultural tourism in Kamphaeng Phet

Carbon footprint adaptation on green supply chain and logistics of papaya in Yasothon Province using geographic information system

This paper evaluated the carbon footprint of the papaya supply chain to Yasothon Market in Yasothon province, Thailand. There is high consumption of papaya in Yasothon municipality but a lack of papaya plantations in the area lead to a vast amount import of papaya. The study developed a green supply chain and logistics model, using network analysis. The best route for each significant case was the shortest route of the total distance from each registered stop. The results of the analysis revealed that papaya distributed from Ubon Ratchathani and Sisaket Farms should use the route generated by driving and distance impedance with the lowest greenhouse gas emissions at 898.42 kg CO2 eq./FU. Meanwhile, the distribution from Nakorn Ratchasima should use the driving distance impedance to generate the route with the lowest greenhouse gas emissions at 987.37 k kg CO2 eq./FU. While the papaya supply chain from Kamphaeng Phet, Kanchanaburi, Lopburi, and Ratchaburi to Khon Kaen Market with driving distance impedance is the best solution among all the alternative routes as it generates the lowest greenhouse gas emissions at 6620.23 kg CO2 eq./FU. The results suggest that the distribution center can help reducing the distance, resulting in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The results of the study can suggest the sustainable index of the papaya supply chain by comparing the conventional and improved environmental impact of the papaya supply chain from the green logistics model. The alternatives will be the suggestion of pathways towards improvements in green supply chain and logistics of papaya, which can also be considered for implementation in other agricultural products.

Entomological Surveillance for Zika and Dengue Virus in Aedes Mosquitoes: Implications for Vector Control in Thailand.

Entomological surveillance for arthropod-borne viruses is vital for monitoring vector-borne diseases and informing vector control programs. In this study, we conducted entomological surveillance in Zika virus endemic areas. In Thailand, it is standard protocol to perform mosquito control within 24 h of a reported dengue case. Aedes females were collected within 72 h of case reports from villages with recent Zika–human cases in Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand in 2017 and 2018. Mosquitoes were bisected into head-thorax and abdomen and then screened for Zika (ZIKV) and dengue (DENV) viruses using real-time RT-PCR. ZIKV RNA was detected in three samples from two female Ae. aegypti (1.4%). A partial envelope sequence analysis revealed that the ZIKV sequences were the Asian lineage identical to sequences from ZIKV-infected cases reported in Thailand during 2016 and 2017. Dengue virus-1 (DENV-1) and dengue virus-4 (DENV-4) were found in four Ae. aegypti females (2.8%), and partial capsid sequences were nearly identical with DENV-1 and DENV-4 from Thai human cases reported in 2017. Findings in the current study demonstrate the importance of entomological surveillance programs to public health mosquito-borne disease prevention measures and control.

Key Findings and Comparisons From Analogous Case-Cluster Studies for Dengue Virus Infection Conducted in Machala, Ecuador, and Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand.

Dengue viruses (DENV) pose a significant and increasing threat to human health across broad regions of the globe. Currently, prevention, control, and treatment strategies are limited. Promising interventions are on the horizon, including multiple vaccine candidates under development and a renewed and innovative focus on controlling the vector, Aedes aegypti. However, significant gaps persist in our understanding of the similarities and differences in DENV epidemiology across regions of potential implementation and evaluation. In this manuscript, we highlight and compare findings from two analogous cluster-based studies for DENV transmission and pathogenesis conducted in Thailand and Ecuador to identify key features and questions for further pursuit. Despite a remarkably similar incidence of DENV infection among enrolled neighborhood contacts at the two sites, we note a higher occurrence of secondary infection and severe illness in Thailand compared to Ecuador. A higher force of infection in Thailand, defined as the incidence of infection among susceptible individuals, is suggested by the higher number of captured Aedes mosquitoes per household, the increasing proportion of asymptomatic infections with advancing age, and the high proportion of infections identified as secondary-type infections by serology. These observations should be confirmed in long-term, parallel prospective cohort studies conducted across regions, which would advantageously permit characterization of baseline immune status (susceptibility) and contemporaneous assessment of risks and risk factors for dengue illness.

An Innovative, Prospective, Hybrid Cohort-Cluster Study Design to Characterize Dengue Virus Transmission in Multigenerational Households in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand.

Difficulties inherent in the identification of immune correlates of protection or severe disease have challenged the development and evaluation of dengue vaccines. There persist substantial gaps in knowledge about the complex effects of age and sequential dengue virus (DENV) exposures on these correlations. To address these gaps, we were conducting a novel family-based cohort-cluster study for DENV transmission in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. The study began in 2015 and is funded until at least 2023. As of May 2019, 2,870 individuals in 485 families were actively enrolled. The families comprise at least 1 child born into the study as a newborn, 1 other child, a parent, and a grandparent. The median age of enrolled participants is 21 years (range 0–93 years). Active surveillance is performed to detect acute dengue illnesses, and annual blood testing identifies subclinical seroconversions. Extended follow-up of this cohort will detect sequential infections and correlate antibody kinetics and sequence of infections with disease outcomes. The central goal of this prospective study is to characterize how different DENV exposure histories within multigenerational family units, from DENV-naive infants to grandparents with multiple prior DENV exposures, affect transmission, disease, and protection at the level of the individual, household, and community.

Community development and propulsion mechanism with the sustainability and co-creation: Sawankhalok master plan for tourism activities in world heritage areas of historical districts Sukhothai – Si Satchanalai and Kamphaeng Phet

This research investigated, analysis, and survey on the satisfactory levels of local organizations and community leaders in Sawankhalok district with a proposed master plan to develop strategic mod...

SAT-219 IMPROVEMENT OF UNHEALTHY BEHAVIORS AND KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE 3-4 AT 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF ESCORT-2 STUDY

In the ESCORT-2 study, we have designed multidisciplinary integrative care team (MDIC) to take care of stages 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients among community hospitals in Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand. In this study, key performance indicators (KPIs) and individual lifestyle pattern that affecting CKD progression were enlisted for serial monitoring, we presented herein the baseline results of KPIs achievement and incidence of unhealthy behaviors of the study. The ESCORT-2 study was a quasi-experimental study which was designed to evaluate the effect of MDIC approach to delay CKD progression in routine clinical care at five district hospitals in Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand. It comprised hospital-based multidisciplinary team approach and community-based home visit. Clinical characteristics, blood and urine parameters were monitored during hospital visit every 3 months. Unhealthy behaviors were evaluated annually. 914 patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 were enrolled. In the KPI aspects, the patients at the first year of follow-up who achieved office BP less than 140/90, Hb A1c < 7, Hct > 30%, serum bicarbonate > 22 mEq/L and took ACEI or ARB were 773(84.7%), 153(35.3%), 567(95%), 660(72.2%) and 633(72.9%) compared with 681(74.8%), 240(49.9%), 774(91.8%), 583(63.8%) and 604(66.4%) at the beginning of study, in order as table 1. In the unhealthy behavior aspects, the CKD patients who took NSAIDs or herb in the first year of follow-up were 54(6.2%) and 15(1.7%) compared with 327(35.8%) and 209(23.1%) at the beginning of study, respectively as table 1. After 1-year follow-up, the MDIC approach can facilitate improvement in most of KPIs and unhealthy behaviors among community care for CKD patients.

Potential effects of rain intensity and evaporative loss on the stable isotope compositions of surface water in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand

To understand the hydrological regime of the surface water in Kanu Woralaksaburi district, Kamphaeng Phet province, the rainwater and surface water were analysed on the isotopic variability of hydrogen (δ 2H) and oxygen ( δ18O) collected over 3 years from 2015-2017. Surface water evaporation was verified on the basis of the isotope composition results. Based on a total of 213 rainwater samples and 152 surface water samples, stable isotope analysis was carried out and the Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) was defined as δ2H = 7.703 δ18O -1.333, R2 = 0.952 while the Local Evaporation Line (LEL) of surface water was δ2H = 5.318 δ18O -17.618, R2 = 0.935. It was observed that the isotope compositions of surface water have a linear relationship with precipitation (R2 = 0.935). However, the small slope of 5.318 indicated the enrichment effect of evaporation. Depleted isotopic compositions of surface water revealed in wet season and enriched δ2H and δ18O were found in dry season with less precipitation, lower humidity and higher temperature. Presented data imply that the isotopic composition of surface water in semi-arid area of Kamphaeng Phet is predominantly due to rain intensity and evaporative loss.

Impact of phosphate fertilizers on the uranium and thorium of cultivated soils profiles, Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand

Phosphate fertilizers contain uranium and thorium isotopes due to impurities in the phosphate rock used for fertilizer manufacture. Long term application can significantly accumulate and reach undesirable concentrations in agricultural soils. The presented study determined the 238U and 232Th in the four cultivated fields, one forest reference site and five phosphate fertilizers collected from Kanu Woraksaburi district, Kamphaeng Phet province. The uranium and thorium isotopes were measured by using radiochemical analysis and alpha spectrometry. The radionuclides in four arable soils revealed that the in more clayey soils were higher than in more sandy soils and dramatically decreased along the depth of both soil profiles. The cultivated soils were significantly higher than the reference site where no fertilizers were applied. The values were compared with available reported data from other countries in literature.

Construction of social space in Thai hill tribe ethnic groups in Kamphaeng Phet province

The main purposes of this research were to study the migration, marginalization and construction of social space of the Thai hill tribe ethnic groups in Kamphaeng Phet province. The key informants were 70 people who were mainly Hmong, Mien, Karen, Lahu, LiSu, and Lua, with five government officers and five from the Thai lowland. The research employed a qualitative methodology, using an interpretation paradigm. Data were obtained from interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observations. A phenomenological presentation was used to conceptualize emigration, marginalized people, and the construction of social space. It was found that the Thai hill tribe ethnic groups emigrated from Yunnan province to Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand. Eventually, the government did not allow them to live in the forests and they were moved to lowlands without proper management. There, they lacked some of basic human needs, had no agricultural land, and their dignity was compromised. However, they joined in the construction of social spaces by using a new dimension by being good citizens. These social spaces include social and cultural, economic, educational, political, and natural resource and environmental dimensions. Despite adversity, the Thai hill tribe ethnic groups could construct their social space by adapting their new identity in the context of Thai society.

Morphologically Complex Words in Tai Khrang

This article aims to study morphologically complex words in Tai Khrang spoken in the lower northern part of Thailand to examine their syntactic and semantic associations. Data were collected from Ban Nong Moet (Saen to Subdistrict, Khanuworalakburi District, Kamphaeng Phet Province) and Ban Sa Yai Shi (Nong Sano Subdistrict, Sam Ngam District, Phichit Province) as well as from naturally occurring texts such as local narratives and dialogues on Face book. The result shows that morphologically complex words in Tai Khrang are compounded in two strategies such as syntactic and semi-syntactic compounding strategies. As for the syntactic strategy, it is the most salient word formation in the language that is in a complex and sophisticated manner that could reflect the people worldviews and culture. They are performed in three syntactic categories such as synthetic, verb-verb and noun-noun compounds. The synthetic compounding operates like simple clauses, nominalization, and phrases. The verb-verb strategy displays serial verb constructions. And the noun-noun strategy displays different semantic associations graduating from more to less transparent.

Two new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Thailand.

We investigate the taxonomy of slender geckos (Hemiphyllodactylus) in Thailand by means of molecular phylogenetics and morphological study using specimens from three provinces; Chiang Mai, Kamphaeng Phet, and Chanthaburi. The results of phylogenetic analyses had shown that the genetic data of populations from 2 provinces were distinctly different from known species. In addition, some morphological characters of these two populations such as lamellar formula on fore- and hindfoot differed from the other species. The integrated taxonomy using molecular phylogenetics and morphological study revealed two new species, Hemiphyllodactylus khlonglanensis sp. nov. from western Thailand, and Hemiphyllodactylus flaviventris sp. nov. from eastern Thailand as described herein.

Syntactic Word-Compounding in Tai Khrang

In this article, we claim that most word compounds in Tai Khrang are relatively transparent in the way that they can display both grammatical and semantic roles/relations in a complex and sophisticated manner, rather than arbitrary grammatical/semantic associations. Also, the term idiosyncratic or transparent is best accounted for in continuum. In this essay, we investigate the structures, grammatical relations and semantic roles/relations of word compounds in Tai Khrang with data collected from two Tai Khrang villages, Ban Nong Moet, Kamphaeng Phet, and Ban Sa Yai Chi, Phichit, in the lower northern part of Thailand. Another type of corpus is one composed of naturally occurring texts such as narratives. The results show that syntactic word compounding in Tai Khrang is complex and sophisticated, performed in three categories i.e. synthetic, verb-verb and noun-noun compounds. The synthetic strategy involves the imitation of simple clauses, non-simple clauses, nominalization, and phrases. The verbverb strategy is observed in certain serial verb constructions. The noun-noun strategy displays three semantic aspects, gradually differing from more to less transparent, which reveal various patterns of semantic relations.

A new Liphistius species (Mesothelae: Liphistiidae: Liphistiinae) from Thailand, with notes on its natural history

A new species of trapdoor spider of the genus Liphistius Schiödte, 1849 (Mesothelae: Liphistiidae) is described from specimens collected from Mae Wong National Park, Klonglan district, Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand. This Liphistius species belongs to the bristowei species-group based on the elevated cumulus and the distinct embolic part, and resembles L. yamasakii Ono, 1988. Diagnostic characters of the male and female are discussed, and a map is provided for the type localities of the 32 previously described Liphistius species in Thailand. This is the first record of a Liphistius species in the bristowei species-group that builds a T- or Y-shaped burrow with two trapdoor openings.

Periconia thailandica (Periconiaceae), a new species from Thailand

Periconia thailandica is a new hyphomycetous species found on bamboo culms collected in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. We herein introduce P. thailandica based on morphological characters and molecular analysis. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data place the new species in Periconia (Pleosporales) where it forms a distinct clade in the genus. The new species is characterized by brown, 4−7-septate conidiophores with terminal, polyblastic, acropetally proliferating, globose conidiogenous cells, and light to dark brown, globose, verrucose conidia. The morphological comparisons between P. thailandica and other known Periconia species are discussed. The new species is introduced to accommodate this taxon with a detailed description and morphological illustrations.

English

Designing the instructional model with the innovative the Research-Based Learning Strategy Lesson Plans of the effectiveness of the processing performance and the resulting performance (E1/E2) with the IOC value determining standardized criteria of 80/80 were developed. Students&rsquo; perceptions were assessed with the 30-item Research-Based Learning Strategies (RBLS) in six scales. Students&rsquo; creative thinking abilities adapted version into the 10-item Creative Thinking Ability Questionnaire (CTAQ) was used. Associations between students&rsquo; perceptions of their cultivating learning strategies and their creative thinking abilities were analyzed. A sample size consisted of 626 senior teacher students from 21 Foundational Education classes in Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University in two semesters of the academic year 2015. Statistically significant was found that; the lessening effectiveness (E1/E2) evidenced of 80.73/80.98 over the threshold setting was 80/80. The 5-professional expert educators&rsquo; responses of the IOC revealed of 0.76. The RBLS and CTAQ were validated and reliable with the internal consistency was analyzed. Students&rsquo; perceptions of their RBLS and their CTAQ toward Foundational Education Subject were positive relatively. The multiple correlations R was 0.79 and the predictive efficiency value (R2) indicated that 62% of the variances in students&rsquo; creative thinking abilities to their classes were attributable for their perceptions of their individualized classroom environments. Suggestions that of these research findings, the designing instructional model for fostering students&rsquo; creative thinking abilities with the research methodology, research procedure, sample design of research instruments and other components of this research, it would be valuable and had the highest benefit for further research study. Key words: Designing instructional model, cultivation indoctrination, research-based learning strategy, teacher students,creative thinking ability.

Virtualization of Mae Wong National Park with Respect to CHONG YEN for Publishing Conservation Green Natural

This research paper is the Virtualization Mae Wong National Park with respect to CHONG YEN in District of Pang Sila Thong, Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand. This software is useful for PR to the natural education, to raise awareness in natural disasters, the love and cherish about the forest, wildlife, and plant, so when there is deforestation, it will have an impact on both humans and animals. Which implement to environment include wild animals, birds and local tree, using Sketchup, Blender, and Gimp to design models, Unity 3D to create map function models, used C sharp and JavaScript to developed program. When testing and evaluating the qualities of the system, Black Box testing was used to determine were satisfied by the performances of system as follows: Means were 4.48 respectively and standard deviation were 0.65 respectively.

Hill Forest Dweller: A New Cryptic Species ofRhinolophusin the ‘pusillusGroup’ (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Thailand and Lao PDR

A new species of Rhinolophus in the pusillus group is described from Ratchaburi, Kamphaeng Phet and Loei Provinces where it was found in evergreen forest at elevations ranging from 550 to 1,320 m a.s.l. It is distinguished from R. shortridgei and other similar species in the same group by its broad, parallel-sided sella, which is squared-off at the tip, relatively large body size with a forearm length of 42.2–44.1 mm, and bulbous rostral swellings. The echolocation frequency from hand-held individuals is 84.1–93.0 kHz. Bayesian analyses of a 654 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (DNA barcode), and an 878 bp fragment of cytochrome b also support differences at the species level. Three specimens from Loaung Namtha, Lao PDR are referred to this new species based on DNA barcodes. Based on distinctive DNA barcodes and craniodental morphology, the taxon refulgens, is here regarded as a separate species from R. lepidus. Morphological comparisons between similar species are discussed and notes on ecology included.

No evidence for local adaptation of dengue viruses to mosquito vector populations in Thailand.

Despite their epidemiological importance, the evolutionary forces that shape the spatial structure of dengue virus genetic diversity are not fully understood. Fine‐scale genetic structure of mosquito vector populations and evidence for genotype × genotype interactions between dengue viruses and their mosquito vectors are consistent with the hypothesis that the geographical distribution of dengue virus genetic diversity may reflect viral adaptation to local mosquito populations. To test this hypothesis, we measured vector competence in all sympatric and allopatric combinations of 14 low‐passage dengue virus isolates and two wild‐type populations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes sampled in Bangkok and Kamphaeng Phet, two sites located about 300 km apart in Thailand. Despite significant genotype × genotype interactions, we found no evidence for superior vector competence in sympatric versus allopatric vector–virus combinations. Viral phylogenetic analysis revealed no geographical clustering of the 14 isolates, suggesting that high levels of viral migration (gene flow) in Thailand may counteract spatially heterogeneous natural selection. We conclude that it is unlikely that vector‐mediated selection is a major driver of dengue virus adaptive evolution at the regional scale that we examined. Dengue virus local adaptation to mosquito vector populations could happen, however, in places or times that we did not test, or at a different geographical scale.