Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin Research Articles

Psychometric properties of the research attitude index (IAI) in a population of Peruvian university students

The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Research Attitude Index (IAI) in a sample of Peruvian university students. The sample consisted of 1188 students, 56.6% of whom were female and 43.4% male, ranging in age from 17 to 60 years old. After the factor analyses (exploratory and confirmatory), the three factors or dimensions of the instrument were consolidated, and reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha, finding good internal consistency. In addition, the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) validity was found, all values being adequate to verify the psychometric quality of the instrument.

CUIDAR-MaPre scale validation: A tool to measure the caregiving competence of mothers of premature infants

ObjectiveTo determine the validity and reliability of the CUIDAR instrument in mothers of premature infants. MethodCross-sectional validation study. The study was conducted in two stages. First stage: literature review, semantic adequacy, and judgement with 7 experts to establish content validity. In the second stage, the psychometric properties of the instrument were evaluated by exploratory factor analysis after its application to 207 mothers of premature infants. ResultsIn the expert’s judgment, the content validity index was higher than 0.8, which indicated adequate representativeness of the items. Agreement between judges was moderate with a Fleiss Kappa of 0.51. The exploratory factor analysis established the adequacy of the sample with a Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin statistic of 0.859 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity 2953.9 (p = 0.000). After considering various scenarios, a 7-dimensional, 33-item model explained 57.9% of the variance, with an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.852 and adequate goodness-of-fit indices. The goodness-of-fit tests allowed us to establish through statistical significance χ2 = 0.01, CFI = 0.92, BIC ≥ 10 and RMSEA = 0.05 indicating that the model has a good fit. ConclusionsA new model was identified based on the items and dimensions of the CUIDAR instrument, which allows us to assess the competence of mothers to care for their premature children in a valid and reliable way.

Influence of COVID-19 on the Tourism Industry in China: An Artificial Neural Networks Approach.

Prior to COVID-19, the tourism industry was one of the important sectors of the world economy. This study intends to measure the perception of Chinese tourists concerning the spread of COVID-19 in China. The crowding perception, xenophobia, and ethnocentrism are the measurement indicators of the study. A five-point Likert scale is used to predict the perception of the tourists in various destinations. The Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin test and Cronbach's alpha are conducted to ensure the validity and reliability of the corresponding items. SPSS version 21 is used to obtain factor loading, mean values, and standard deviation. Regression analysis is used to measure the strength of the constructs' relationship and prove the hypotheses. Questionnaires have been filled from 730 Chinese respondents. Artificial neural networks and confusion matrices are used for validation and performance evaluation, respectively. Results show that crowding perception, xenophobia, and ethnocentrism caused the spread of COVID-19 during the epidemic. Hence, the tourism industry in China is adversely affected by COVID-19. The crisis management stakeholders of the country need to adopt policies to reduce the spread of COVID-19. The tourism sector needs to provide confidence to the tourists. It will provide ground for the mental strength of the tourists in China.

A Process-Based Framework for B-to-B Service Quality: A Practitioner Note of Management Consulting Service

ABSTRACT Purpose This practitioner note proposed a consulting service quality model based on service process, which contains four dimensions: potential servicecapability (PoSC), process service capability (PrSC), situational interaction capability (SIC), and service outcomes (SO). The four dimensions were transformed from INDSERV scale which was specialized for B-to-B service. Methodology The research design used in this practitioner note is descriptive. Very simple normalization methods were used for calculations. The internal relationships among them were tested by the analysis of a convenient sample of 263 management consulting customers in India. Constructs validity was tested applying Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity and the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy analyzing the strength of association among variables. The KMO measure ofsampling adequacy was first computed to determine the suitability of using factor analysis. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) also used to estimate uni-dimensionality of selected variables. Findings Among all the significant variables in this practitioner note, several results are found: (a) PoSC has a profound impact on PrSC and SIC, especially on SIC. (b) SIC is a support for PrSC. (c) PrSC has significant positive impact on SO. For consulting firms, playing a good role in problem diagnosis, design optimization, and project control level, copy writing quality and other aspects will greatly improve the level of service quality. Research Implications The research aims, scope and objectives of this study is too broadly. It can be narrowed so that the level of focus of the study may be increased in near future. This study is targeted to only specific set of management consulting firms Practical Implications Theoretically, results from this practitioner note will contribute to service quality assessment for B-to-B companies. INDSERV is a promising advance in measuring customer service, and modeling customer service as a process allows more complex and interesting model generation. Originality This practitioner note build a unique services quality model of management consulting based INDSERV scale. Based on causal and structural modeling of the service process, managers can allocateresources across the system to B-to-B service aspects based on relative changes in customers’ feedback on them. Modeling customer service in this way allows more complex and interesting model generation. INDSERV scale appropriately confirm that the items are phrased in a meaningful manner for consulting management industry.

Valid and reliable neonatal near-miss assessment scale in Ethiopia: a psychometric validation

ABSTRACT Background The concept of a neonatal near miss is used to explain neonates who nearly died but survived a life-threatening complication in the first 28 days of life. We have left many ill surviving (near-miss) neonates, due to a lack of valid and reliable assessment scale, particularly in Ethiopia. Aim We aim to psychometrically validate the neonatal near-miss assessment scale (NNMAS) for Ethiopia. Methods A total of 465 live birth neonates were included with the assumption of a participant-to-item ratio of 15:1. A new contextually validated NNMAS was used to collect data. The Kaiseri––Mayer––Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy with a cutoff value of ≥0.50 for each item was applied. For reliability and validity of NNMAS, exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis with oblique varimax rotation was used. Internal consistency and reliability were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Convergent and discriminant validity was assessed using composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE). Results The Kaiser––Mayer––Olkin (KMO = 0.74) measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s Sphericity test for the appropriateness of the identity matrix (χ 2 = 2903.9, df = 276, and P = 0.000) were suitable for exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The correlation matrix determinant of the study was 0.002. The principal component analysis (PCA) identified six factors and together explained 54.3% of the variation in the Neonatal Near miss. The Cronbach-alpha coefficient was 0.80 for the entire scale. The composite reliability values of the factors ranged from 0.87 to 0.95. The AVEs, CR, and factor loadings were above 0.5 for all factors indicating that convergent validity was met. The square roots of the AVEs were greater than factor correlation values. It was revealed that discriminated validity was also met. Conclusion The neonatal near-miss assessment scale was found to be valid and reliable in the present context. The scale can be used to identify near-miss neonates in Ethiopia.

The Effect of Exercise on Anxiety Levels of Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women

Background: Evidence that the birth process of physically active women go through more easily than inactive women goes back to ancient times. As a result, women's orientation to physical activity during pregnancy indicates that they will have a very beneficial and comfortable period both before and after pregnancy. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exercise on the anxiety levels of pregnant and non-pregnant women in terms of various variables. Methods: Pregnant Information Form and Cambridge Anxiety Scale created by the researchers were used as data collection tools in the study. Data collection tools were applied by the researcher using face to face interview method. In the analysis of the data obtained in the study, percentage and frequency descriptive statistical methods to determine the distribution of the personal information of the participants, T-test, One Way Anova Test First of all, Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett tests were used to measure the conformity of the expressions to the factor analysis, reliability and validity of the anxiety scale used. After it was determined that the validity condition was met, the mean and standard deviation values for the scale expressions were calculated. Conclusion: According to the findings, the anxiety levels of the participants; According to the results of the analysis on whether there is a significant difference according to their age, average age, education level, income status, number of children, current health status, frequency of doing sports, type of sport, motivating factors for sports, anxiety levels for themselves during the pandemic process, during the pandemic process. It has been determined that there is a significant difference according to their anxiety levels for their babies, their pregnancy status and their relationship with sports. Result: It was determined that the level of anxiety did not differ according to the number of pregnancies, the number of miscarriages, the duration of pregnancy and social security status. Keywords: Pregnancy, Exercise, Anxiety.

Validation and reliability of the Bahasa Malaysia language version of the Acceptance of Illness Scale among Malaysian patients with cancer.

Cancer is a life-threatening disease, and the challenges in accepting the diagnosis can bring a devastating emotional impact on the patient's mental and psychological wellbeing. Issues related to illness acceptance among cancer patients are not well studied in Malaysia. To date, the Acceptance of Illness Scale has not been translated to the Malay language (Bahasa Malaysia) nor validated for use in the oncology setting. The objective of the study is to translate, validate and determine the reliability of the Bahasa Malaysia version of the Acceptance of Illness Scale among Malaysian patients with cancer. A total of 129 patients newly diagnosed with cancer were consecutively sampled and the scale was administered via face-to-face interviews. A pilot test (n = 30) was conducted and test-retest reliability was determined. The Bartlett Test of Sphericity was statistically significantly (p<0.001), while the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy was adequate at 0.84. Scale item mean scores ranged between 3.02 and 4.33, while the item-total correlation ranged between 0.50 to 0.66 (p<0.05). The internal reliability coefficient was 0.84. The test-retest reliability indicated a high correlation, r = 0.94 with p = 0.001. The Bahasa Malaysia version of the Acceptance of Illness Scale is a valid and reliable instrument that is appropriate for use in Malaysian patients with cancer. Use of this scale to assess illness acceptance among the Malay-speaking patients with cancer can act as a guide for delivery of psycho-oncological services to help patients have a better mental wellbeing and life adjustment in living with cancer.

Public Acceptance of Wastewater Reuse: New Evidence from Factor and Regression Analyses

The present study attempts to unravel the determinants of public acceptance of Treated Wastewater (TWW) reuse in the United Arab Emirates. A representative sample (1426) of Al-Ain city residents, were interviewed, using a structured questionnaire, on their knowledge and attitudes towards TWW reuse, and other demographic characteristics. Descriptive analysis shows high public acceptance for applications with low contact and lower acceptance for those involving direct or indirect consumption of TWW, and/or skin contact. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of acceptance responses identified (Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin test = 0.942; p-value &lt; 0.001 for Bartlett’s test) five factors/categories of applications that differ in level and type of contact. The five groups of applications are Direct consumption, Indirect Consumption, Non-food Agricultural, Industrial, and Skin Contact. ANOVA analysis (p &lt; 0.0001) and Spearman’s Rho test validated earlier findings. Another PCA of respondents’ reasons for hesitation towards TWW delivers two factors, attitude toward contamination risk and psychological “yuck” factors. Regression analyses show that both factors are influenced by knowledge and sources of information, and the former is affected by demographic characteristics. PCA and regression analyses provide a robust methodological framework for the study TWW reuse acceptance, and highlight the importance of communication in improving its social sustainability.

Retrospective Analysis of Psychological Factors in COVID-19 Outbreak Among Isolated and Quarantined Agricultural Students in a Borneo University.

Introduction: Much has been known about the psychological issues that can emerge in people who are quarantined and unable to move freely. The COVID-19 pandemic has no contrast from previous outbreaks like SARS and MERS regarding their ensuing worries and boosted anxiety levels. This article seeks to examine the unique psychological changes that occur in students who have been quarantined inside a university campus and assess sociodemographic factors associated with certain psychological factors.Methodology: The data was collected from students in an Agricultural Campus. In the first phase, the factor structure of the modified National Index Psychological Wellness (NIPW) was acceptable, and to establish statistical parameters for validation an exploratory factor analysis was done. In the second phase, Independent T-tests, ANOVA, and Hierarchical Multiple regression were performed. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0.Result/Discussion: A total of 46 male and 76 female students enrolled in this study. The Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (p < 0.001) and the Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy for the AUDIT-M was 0.901. The Cronbach's alpha of the entire modified NIPW was 0.657 which suggests reasonable internal consistency and subscales between 0.913 and 0.924. Raw scores of 12 positive items were higher for the quarantined group except for “I can do daily routines,” “I understand what happens,” and “I understand the action that is performed is fair.” Raw mean scores of eight negative scoring items were higher in the quarantined group, except for “I feel angry” (2.88 vs. 2.89 for non-quarantined group). There were statistically significant differences between year groups for the questions “I understand what happens,” “I understand the action that is performed is fair,” and “I think everyone is good.”Conclusion: Movement control orders or compulsory quarantine orders can be distressing and may cause understandable psychological sequelae. Holistic management of a quarantine center that addresses the needs and health of an individual student will give a positive impact on psychological wellness. Quarantining facilities can be a place of positivity, allowing people to live a shared experience together, provide peer support for each other, and give each other hope.

The Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility in the Effect of Empathic Tendency on Teacher Professionalism

The aim of the study was to determine whether cognitive flexibility had a mediating role in the effect of empathic tendencies of physical education and sports teachers on their professionalism. Empathic Tendency, Teacher Professionalism and Cognitive Flexibility Scales were used in the study with personal information form. A total of 283 physical education and sports teachers, 85 (30%) female and 198 (70%) male, voluntarily participated in the study. In the analysis of data, The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to determine if data set had a normal distribution or not. Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient and Bartlett test were used to determine the suitability of the data for factor analysis. The theoretically created model was tested with a structural equation model. In the study, descriptive statistics were used in order to determine the average scores obtained from the scales. AMOS and SPSS package programs were used for analysis of data set. It was determined that the participants' Empathic Tendency, Professionalism and Cognitive Flexibility levels were high. Also, all variables were determined to had a significant correlation between each other. It was determined that all variables positively affected each other, empathic tendency predicted both cognitive flexibility and teacher professionalism at certain rates (40%-28%), and cognitive flexibility had a mediating role in the relationship between empathic tendency and teacher professionalism. As a result, multifaceted and effective studies that will increase the empathic tendency and cognitive flexibility levels should be carried out.

First Correlation Study between Family Organizational/ Administrative Functionality Scale Results and School Performance of the Young Human Capital at Public and Private Elementary, Middle and High School of the South/ Center of the US, Territory of Puerto Rico

This quantitative study presents the first correlation between Family Organizational and Administrative Functionality and School Performance. To evaluate Family Organizational and Administrative Functionality is using the FOAF Scale (Vélez-Candelario, S., 2019) and the overall percent of it. This scale has 90% of the overall value. The intern consistency and the Factor Analysis are, .89 (Cronbach's Alpha) and the Factor Analysis shows a .8 KMO (Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin), recognizing each measured area as an independent factor. To analyze the school performance, we are using the General Point Average (GPA) at the school of each one of the participant. The study includes a socio-demographic document and parent consent. The sample is two-hundred-sixty-five (265) children with six (6) to seventeen (18) years old from public and private schools. It was from the south and center zone of Puerto Rico, with an education system based on the American model (Classbase, 2018). The sample is selected by availability from volunteer families and from Puerto Rico's Department of Educationn. The hypothesis investigation (Hi) is: Exist a positive correlation between Family Organizational/Administrative Functionality and school performance. For the statistical analysis, the sample is submitted in the SPSS 26 version and applies a Pearson's correlation formula and a sample descriptive Statistics. The findings show a positive correlation with a significance level of 0.01. The Pearson correlation degree between, FOAF and GPA, is medium, ρ = .341**, (Cohen 1988; in Wuensh 2015). The small correlation effect size is one in which there is a real effect, but one which can only be see-through careful study. A large effect size is an effect which is big enough such that it may be visible to the naked eye (Cohen 1988 in Walker 2007-08). The statistics analysis allowed the acceptance of the Hi confirming the existence of a positive correlation between FOAF Scale results and GPA at School. Keywords: Family, Organizational, Administrative, Functionality, Scale, School, Performance, Correlation.

Translation and Validation of the Mindful Self-Care Scale—Chinese Version: A Pilot Study

(1) Background: Numerous research studies have investigated and identified the high prevalence of poor mental health status among the Chinese population, for example suffering from a high level of anxiety and depression. Moreover, the Chinese population are shown to have a conservative attitude towards mental health problems and a passive help-seeking behaviour when suffering from psychological distress. Therefore, it is important to assess the levels of self-care among the Chinese population, which is considered as the basis for tackling psychological well-being issues by the World Health Organization (WHO). Self-care was conceptualised and measured by the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS), but without being translated and adapted to the Chinese population. The purpose of this study is to translate the scale into Chinese and to conduct a pilot test to validate the scale among the Chinese population. (2) Methods: Participants (N = 161), with 96 females and 65 males, with an age range from 18 to 62, mage = 26.1 (SD = 6.64), were recruited from Hong Kong (n = 63), Taiwan (n = 44), and mainland China (n = 54) using convenience sampling. (3) Results: The results show a satisfying internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.915) without items that need to be deleted as well as an adequate validity, with Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin (KMO) value of 0.856 and significant correlation between self-care and the two variables: self-compassion and well-being (r = 0.403, r = 0.172, p &lt; 0.001). (4) Conclusions: The results preliminarily indicate that the Chinese version of MSCS is reliable and valid. However, test–retest reliability and confirmatory factor analysis should be performed with a larger sample size for further validation.

Factor Analysis and Mathematical Modeling in Determining the Quality of Coal

The separation of coal material of three types of coals originating from three various Polish hard coal mines (types 31, 34.2 and 35, according to Polish nomenclature, which were steam coal, semi-coking coal and coking coal) into particle size fractions and then into particle density fractions was done and then the following parameters were measured for each particle size-density fraction: combustion heat, ash contents, sulfur contents, volatile parts contents, analytic moisture. In this way a 7-dimensional vector of data was created. Using methods of factor analysis the important features of coal were selected, which decide about their membership to individual types. To evaluate the appropriateness of the applied method the Bartlett’s sphericity test as well coefficient of Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) were used. To select important factors the Kaiser criterion and Cattell’s scree test were used. The obtained results were compared with the results obtained in previous works by means of observation tunnels method. The results showed which particular features are crucial to define the type of coal what is also important to select appropriate method of its enrichment. Furthermore, the construction of a mathematical model presenting the relations between these properties and particle size and density is presented. Because of the fact that particles of certain size or density may occur in neighboring fractions three sorts of relations were examined basing on regression analysis.The analysis was conducted for all three coal types. Because of the fact that the models contain various amounts of independent variables R2 coefficient, mean squared error (MSE) and Mallow’s statistics Cp were applied to evaluate and compare obtained results.

Revised and Extended Social Commerce Technology Adoption in e-business of Pakistan

Social commerce is a new perspective change in modern electronic business procedures bringing together individuals on social media sites and opens up another electronic social marketing channel to establish business. In developing countries like Pakistan, e-business can help organizations using social commerce and social marketing intelligently on particular social network sites to grasp their business clients while they are interacting with their online community on the social media sites. This study investigated consumers’ behavior towards adoption of social commerce and introduced a revised and extended social commerce technology model. The investigation proved the proposed model is valid by confirming loading factor, Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO), reliability analysis, and structural equation modeling approach for hypotheses tests. The study found Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Social Media Influence (SMI), and Risk (RI) have significant impact on social commerce adoption in e-business of Pakistan. More, Trust (TR) and Web experience (WXP) were insignificant that revealed the preventive behavior towards adoption of social commerce in e-business of Pakistan.

Factor analysis in determining the quality of coal

The separation of coal material of three types of coals originating from three various Polish hard coal mines (types 31, 34.2 and 35, according to Polish nomenclature, which were steam coal, semi-coking coal and coking coal) into particle size fractions and then into particle density fractions was done and then the following parameters were measured for each particle size-density fraction: combustion heat, ash contents, sulfur contents, volatile parts contents, analytic moisture. In this way a 7-dimensional vector of data was created. Using methods of factor analysis the important features of coal were selected, which decide about their membership to individual types. To evaluate the appropriateness of the applied method the Bartlett’s sphericity test as well coefficient of Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) were used. To select important factors the Kaiser criterion and Cattell’s scree test were used. The obtained results were compared with the results obtained in previous works by means of observation tunnels method. The results showed which particular features are crucial to define the type of coal what is also important to select appropriate method of its enrichment.

Development of Entrepreneurship Scale Towards University Students

The aim of this study is to develop a reliable and valid measurement tool to evaluate the entrepreneurship characteristics of university students. The study group is comprised of 386 students at the Faculty of Nursing, Near East University. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were applied in order to assess the construct validity of entrepreneurship scale. Prior to the application of Exploratory Factor analysis, Kolmogrov Smirnov, Shapiro Wilks tests were applied in order to identify whether the data set shows normal distribution; QQ plot was analysed with regard to the distribution and the skewness and kurtosis values of distribution were checked accordingly. In consideration with the generated results, the data set was considered as showing normal distribution. Upon ensuring the normality assumption required for the Exploratory Factor analysis, Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient and Barlett sphericity test that are used in the identification of data eligibility for the Exploratory Factor Analysis were applied respectively. The findings with regard to the reliability of scale were ensured with Cronbach Alpha (internal consistency). The findings showed that the reliability coefficient for internal consistency is sufficient. It is concluded that our study can be used in scientific researches since it was checked in terms of validity and reliability.

Poor Learning In Operation Theatres Causing Brain Drain

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: In interior Sindh, most of the hospitals including teaching hospitals of Hyderabad, Larkana, Sukkur and Nawabshah lack specialists so the attitude of available specialists as supervisors is important for learning in operation theatre like need good mentorship, observation and hands-on skills. Limited research has been conducted in Pakistan while none of the study has been done considering specifically the hospitals of interior Sindh. Objective: To identify the perception of residents towards learning environment in surgical theatre of a medical school teaching hospital of interior Sindh. Method : A cross-sectional study was conducted at Peoples Medical College, Nawabshah, from May 2018 to October 2018. STEEM questionnaire of 40 statements was used and was validated after pilot study. The participants' responses were calculated using a five-point Likert scale. Randomized sampling technique was used. The reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire. Mann-Whitney and the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used as nonparametric methods for comparative statistics for assessing gender differences. We also conducted the factor analysis by using a varimax rotation. Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett's tests were applied. Results :Of the 88 participants, 71.6% (n=63) were females and 28.4% (n=25) were males. Majority of participants 43% belong to gynaecology department. The reliability of the scale was 0.822, calculated using Cronbach alpha. The mean overall STEEM score was 108.81 whereas, mean score of males was 115.44 and females was 106.17 which shows there the difference between scores based on gender. Male perceived the educational environment more positive than females in each subscale. Conclusion : Under current circumstances and condition of interior Sindh postgraduate trainees are deprived from good mentorship, observation and hands on skills due to lack and non-serious attitude of consultants/supervisors. The current study concluded that overall learning environment of operating theatre was perceived to be inadequate for learning.

Developing Scientific Attitudes Instrument of Students in Chemistry

This research aims to evaluate the attitude instrument which will be used to asses the scientific attitudes in chemistry classes in High School in Parepare. The research will provide informations to identificate student scientific attitudes. Scientific attitudes in this paper consist of scientific attitude indicators. They are curiosity, honesty, objectifity, perseverence, conscientious, openness, being critical, and being responsible. The instrument evaluation is done by testing it to high school student to get its validity and realibility. The instrument has 8 aspects with 32 statements. The analysis result shows that Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) indicator is 0.922. The Measure of Sampling Adequancy (MSA) in anti image correlation indicates that all of variables is greater than 0.5 which allows the data to be analysed further. The amount of variance and variable that can be explained by the factors forms 6 factors and cumulative variance 61,884%. The 32 items in the instrument, 26 items are fulfill the 6 factors. The Realibility of all items using Cronbach Alpha coefficient is 0.948. The analysis denotes that the instrument can be used to measure the student scientific attitudes in chemistry class with 26 items and 6 factors. The results of the analysis show that the instrument can be used to measure students’ scientific attitudes on chemistry learning with the number 26 and 6 factors formed.

Identifying the main physical and socioeconomic drivers of illegal landfills in the Canary Islands.

The management of disposed waste in illegal landfills (ILs) is a significant problem in contemporary societies due to respective hazards for the environment and human health. This paper presents a characterisation of ILs on the islands of La Palma (LP) and Gran Canaria (GC) based on multivariable statistical analysis. Inspection of numerous sites on both islands revealed a total of 153 and 286 ILs on LP and GC, respectively. A geospatial database was created composed of different potentially explanatory features of different typology (177): waste type, control and vigilance, socioeconomic, accessibility, distance to elements of interest, visibility and physical. The degree of association between the explanatory features and the occurrence of ILs was analysed with the support of exploratory statistics and the multivariable analysis techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression (LR). PCA explained 82.34% and 81.83% of total data variance in LP and GC, respectively, considering 7 and 6 components (Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin; LP: 0.715; GC: 0.711). The LR models for LP and GC had an overall accuracy of 93.5% and 92.5%. In LP and GC, 6 of 23 features and 9 of 21 features were, respectively, selected. The features most associated with the occurrence of ILs were: in LP, building density, distance to agricultural spaces and distance to green zones; in GC, the industrial activity indicator, density of ground use transition to artificial covers, density of greenhouses and distance to communication routes.

Factor Structure of Urdu Version of the Flourishing Scale.

Background: A great deal of research has been carried out on the assessment of the eudaimonic perspective of psychological well-being and the hedonic perspective of subjective well-being. The Flourishing Scale (FS) has been extensively used in research and practice, as it assesses the fundamental aspects of social psychological functioning. Nevertheless, the psychometric properties of Urdu versions of eudaimonic measures, such as the FS, have not yet been ascertained. The translation and validation of the FS in the Urdu language was not available, and hence this study was planned with the aim to validate the Urdu version of the FS.Methods: We assessed the psychometric properties of the FS in a sample of adults aged 18 years and above in Pakistan (N = 130) using exploratory factor analysis based on principal component analysis with varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The exploratory factor analysis confirmed the unidimensional nature of the 8-item FS. We assessed that the Urdu version of the FS showed a high internal consistency reliability (α = 0.914) with a significant intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), p < 0.001). In our study, the Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin value was 0.915 with a chi-square test value (χ2) of 637.687, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (df = 28, p < 0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) at test–retest for all domains were statistically significant (p < 0.001) and showed excellent agreement for all the items. The revised confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good-fit model, but with item 8—“People respect me”—removed due to its lower factor loading.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the FS is a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing social psychological functioning among adults in Pakistan. Therefore, the validated Urdu version of the FS may be used in future studies of well-being in clinical psychology and positive psychology.