Juvenile Cases Research Articles

Organizational Management Implementation in Jumat Berjihat Activities as Student Character Education

This research aims to examine the implementation of the organizational management of the "JUMAT BERJIHAT" character education program at SMP Negeri 1 Turi, Lamongan, where the existence of this program was motivated by the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency cases. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and is strengthened by management theory by James A. F. Stoner and Charles Wankel. The results of this research show that the character education program "JUMAT BERJIHAT" at SMP Negeri 1 Turi, Lamongan, runs smoothly. The students are thrilled with this program because it can improve the religious spirit, and the parents are also happy because there are positive changes in their children and teachers. Teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Turi, Lamongan, were very united in participating in this activity. However, initially, the students at SMP Negeri 1 Turi, Lamongan, still needed to get used to this activity, but now they are enthusiastic about this program. Organizational management has also been implemented with a process structure of planning, organizing, leadership and controlling organizational efforts and the use of all other organizational resources to achieve organizational goals.

Atypical presentation of anorexia nervosa pediatric patient: A multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management

ABSTRACT This case report describes the complex presentation, diagnostic problems, and multidisciplinary therapy of a 13-year-old Syrian girl with an unusual form of anorexia nervosa (AN). The goal is to improve understanding of AN’s varied clinical spectrum while emphasizing the significance of a complete diagnostic approach and multidisciplinary therapy in juvenile cases. The patient reported considerable weight loss, amenorrhea, and physical indications of starvation over the previous two months. Notably, she did not exhibit the typical psychological symptoms linked with AN. Extensive examinations, including gastrointestinal, endocrinology, rheumatology, psychology, psychiatry, and neurology, were carried out to determine the underlying reason and develop a personalized care plan. The diagnostic process found unexpected traits that challenged established AN criteria. A multidisciplinary approach aided incorrect diagnosis and guided a treatment strategy that included nutritional rehabilitation, psychosocial support, and medical measures. The patient’s outcomes included weight gain, menstruation resumption, and hormonal and physical parameter normalization. This instance contributes to our growing understanding of AN as a group of illnesses with a variety of clinical manifestations. The patient’s atypical traits highlight the necessity for flexible diagnostic criteria and personalized, multidisciplinary care. The favorable outcomes demonstrate the possibility for positive outcomes with a complete strategy, paving the door for further investigation of diagnostic frameworks and treatment techniques in pediatric AN cases.

Implementation of Restorative Justice Regarding Child Violence Cases in Law Enforcement in the Police

Objectives: This study examines the implementation of restorative justice, as outlined in police regulations, in handling cases of child sexual violence in Indonesia. It explores how restorative justice is applied to juvenile cases, prioritizing relationship restoration and social harmony over formal judicial processes. Theoretical Framework: Restorative justice is presented as an alternative justice approach that focuses on repairing harm among offenders, victims, and communities. In cases involving minors, this approach aims to safeguard children’s rights, reduce stigma, and support their reintegration into society through diversion processes. Method: The research adopts an empirical juridical approach, analyzing the practical application of laws in society. Data collection involves a juridical review of legal frameworks and qualitative data analysis through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Results and Discussion: The study finds that while restorative justice emphasizes dialogue, reconciliation, and accountability, its application often overlooks the psychological needs and holistic recovery of child victims. Sectoral egos and limited law enforcement capacity hinder effective implementation. Reoffending by offenders eliminates the option for restorative justice, necessitating formal legal proceedings. Despite offering amicable resolutions, victims retain the right to pursue further legal actions if justice remains unmet. Research Implications: This study underscores the need for enhanced training and support for law enforcement to fully integrate restorative justice principles and ensure victims’ holistic recovery. Inter-agency collaboration is critical to addressing implementation challenges. Originality/Value: The research offers insights into the limitations and potential improvements of restorative justice in addressing child violence cases, emphasizing the need for victim-centered approaches in Indonesia’s policing framework.

Synergy Between Legal and Child Protection Agencies in Juvenile Justice

General Background: The juvenile justice system aims to protect children in conflict with the law, emphasizing restorative justice. Specific Background: In Indonesia, legal inconsistencies and weak inter-agency coordination hinder effective child offender rehabilitation. Knowledge Gap: There is limited research on optimizing synergy between law enforcement and child protection agencies in handling juvenile cases. Aims: This study explores mechanisms for enhancing collaboration in implementing diversion and restorative justice for child offenders. Results: Effective coordination improves outcomes by ensuring legal protections throughout the judicial process, supported by community-based restorative practices. Novelty: The research offers a model for integrating legal and social institutions to bridge gaps in policy and practice. Implications: Findings suggest policy refinements, enhanced law enforcement training, and integrated systems for protecting children’s rights. This study highlights collaborative approaches as vital for achieving justice and rehabilitation. Highlights: Restorative Justice Emphasis: Prioritizes rehabilitation and reconciliation over punitive measures for child offenders. Inter-agency Synergy: Highlights the importance of coordinated efforts between law enforcement and child protection agencies. Policy Implications: Advocates for enhanced legal frameworks, training, and integrated systems to uphold children's rights. Keywords: Law Enforcement, Child Protection Institutions, Criminal Offenders

Restorative Justice System for Traffic Violations by Children in Surakarta Reviewed from Law Number 11 of 2012 Concerning the Child Justice System

Traffic violations in Surakarta have significantly increased during 2022–2023, including cases involving underage children. This indicates a lack of awareness regarding traffic safety, particularly in monitoring children who are not yet eligible to drive. The juvenile criminal justice system in Indonesia, as specified in Law No. 11 of 2012, emphasizes the importance of the diversion and restorative justice approaches. Diversion aims to redirect the resolution of juvenile cases from formal judicial processes to avoid stigma and restore children's rights. This approach focuses on resolving cases persuasively by involving the offender, victim, and community, while avoiding punitive measures. However, the implementation of restorative justice in Surakarta faces challenges, such as imbalanced compensation between offenders and victims and different perceptions of justice. Optimal implementation is expected to prioritize the best interests of the child, prevent juveniles from formal judicial processes, and support their normal reintegration into society. This system is designed as a progressive step to protect children's rights and promote welfare based on social justice.

Growth mindset results in reduced trait attribution and more rehabilitative judicial decisions in cases of juvenile delinquency

AbstractBackgroundWith the framework of the mindset theory and previous findings in adult criminal justice, this research explores how growth mindset—the belief that personal traits are malleable—affects judicial decision‐making in juvenile justice.AimsWe aim to examine the hypotheses that laypeople with growth mindset tend to endorse more rehabilitative motivations and decisions (H1) through reduced trait attribution (H2).Materials and MethodsWe measured (Study 1) and experimentally manipulated (Study 2) growth mindset to test H1 and H2 with samples of laypeople. Studies 3A and 3B used data from professional judges and prosecutors in China to test the generalizability. Study 4 replicated the measures from Studies 3A and 3B with a laypeople sample to facilitate cross‐sample comparisons.ResultsStudies 1 and 2 provide correlational and causal evidence, respectively, supporting both H1 and H2. However, Studies 3A and 3B did not yield significant results among judicial experts. Study 4 re‐confirmed the hypotheses in lay participants. Judges with juvenile case experience showed a weaker association between growth mindset and probation decisions compared to their less specialized peers and laypeople. A similar pattern emerged among prosecutors, though the findings were not statistically significant.DiscussionThe current research highlights growth mindset as a key belief driving public support for rehabilitative approaches in juvenile justice. Specialized judicial expertise appears to mitigate this association, suggesting a nuanced interaction between lay beliefs and judicial specialization.ConclusionGrowth mindset of laypeople results in their reduced trait attribution and more rehabilitative judicial decisions in cases of juvenile delinquency.

EXAMINING RESTORATIVE JUSTICE AND DIVERSION IN THE INDONESIAN JUVENILE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM AS LEGAL SETTLEMENT:BASED ON THE DIGNIFIED JUSTICE THEORY

The legal issue underlying the writing of this research article is the existence of a legal vacuum (rechtsvacuum). The legal vacuum or lacunae referred to is the lack of legal theory (meta-theory) and philosophical theory (meta-meta theory). By legal vacuum (lacunae) in terms of meta-theory and meta-meta theory, refers to the absence of a legal theory or jurisprudence that is truly original or authentic to Indonesia. There is still no original or authentic Indonesian legal theory or jurisprudence that explains, justifies, or provides scientific justification, in the sense of providing a theoretical basis for dogmatics that explain the norms, rules, or legal regulations governing the practice of law, specifically in the resolution of criminal cases involving juveniles as perpetrators of criminal acts.The statement that no theory or jurisprudence is truly original to Indonesia, as mentioned above, means that no theory or jurisprudence exists that is not a derivative or adapted from other systems. It should be emphasized here that this research is not motivated by an anti-Western sentiment. The research adopts a normative juridical approach with a philosophical perspective. The research finds that the Dignified Justice Theorycan be used to fill the legal vacuum needed to explain and justify restorative justice and diversion in the resolution of juvenile criminal cases in Indonesia. The Dignified Justice Theory can provide a theoretical and philosophical foundation for restorative justice and diversion by understanding that both restorative justice and diversion are derivative norms originating from Pancasila, the ultimate source of all legal sources in the Pancasila Legal System.

Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (right to a fair trial) in juvenile cases

The purpose of the article is to determine whether the guarantees of Article 6 of the ECHR in the form of the right to a fair criminal trial are available in juvenile proceedings, including in the welfare model. In addition, the goal was to examine what impact international standards have had on Polish law in this regard. The article uses the formal-dogmatic method and, to a limited extent, the legal-comparative method. The article shows that the right to a fair criminal trial guaranteed by Article 6 of the ECHR also applies in juvenile proceedings. Even in legislatures that adopt a welfare model, if the Engel test leads to the conclusion that the case is criminal in nature, the guarantees apply. The impact of Article 6 of the ECHR on the criminal law of individual countries is shown on the example of Polish legislation, presenting changes in Polish law as a consequence of ECtHR judgments.

Analysis of Performance Measurement Indicators in Juvenile Care and Rehabilitation Homes in Jordan: A Study on Social Care Homes and Correctional Institutions

Performance indicators in youth protection and rehabilitation centres in Jordan indicate an emphasis on community centers and correctional facilities. The study aims to analyze the application of these indicators and how effective they are in achieving the goals of youth rehabilitation and integrating them into society. The study explores the challenges and opportunities that exist within these institutions, and children's law indicates the Jordanian law, which was issued no. 32 from 2014 and the status of the law is reviewed and updated with all changes until 2024. One of the most noticeable things in this law is the increase in the criminal responsibility of young people from 7 years to 12 years and their focus on establishing a legal system that specializes in juvenile cases and the role of the juvenile police in handling juvenile cases. Complementary justice, non-custodial measures, the need to adjudicate criminal cases within three months and criminal cases within six months, and provide aftercare for released juveniles.

Whole-exome sequencing to identify causative variants in juvenile sudden cardiac death

BackgroundJuvenile sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains unexplained in approximately 40% of cases, leading to a significant emotional burden for the victims’ families and society. Comprehensive investigations are essential to uncover its elusive causes and enable cascade family screening. This study aimed to enhance the identification of likely causative variants in juvenile SCD cases (age ≤ 50 years), particularly when autopsy findings are inconclusive.ResultsAutopsy revealed diagnostic structural abnormalities in 46%, non-diagnostic findings in 23%, and structurally normal hearts in 31% of cases. Whole-exome sequencing (WES), refined through a customized virtual gene panel was used to identify variants. These variants were then evaluated using a multidisciplinary approach and a structured variant prioritization scheme. Our extended approach identified likely causative variants in 69% of cases, outperforming the diagnostic yields of both the cardio panel and standard susceptibility gene analysis (50% and 16%, respectively). The extended cardio panel achieved an 80% diagnostic yield in cases with structurally normal hearts, demonstrating its efficacy in challenging scenarios. Notably, half of the positive cases harboured a single variant, while the remainder had two or more variants.ConclusionThis study highlights the efficacy of a multidisciplinary approach employing WES and a tailored virtual gene panel to elucidate the aetiology of juvenile SCD. The findings support the expansion of genetic testing using tailored gene panels and prioritization schemes as part of routine autopsy evaluations to improve the identification of causative variants and potentially facilitate early diagnosis in first-degree relatives.

The Internalization of Character Education Values and the Concept of Happiness Through the Short Story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani: Children's Literature Study

Abstract. The surge in juvenile delinquency cases proves that character education plays an important role in shaping an individual’s personality. Character education values also contribute an individual’s understanding and creation of happiness. This research aims to (1) present the values of character education in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan"; (2) describe the concept of happiness in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The primary data source in this research was from a short story titled "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. Meanwhile, the secondary data sources were references from articles, journals, and other relevant literature to the discussion in this research. The data collection technique used the read and note method. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the analysis model from Milles and Huberman by conducting data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research found (1) 21 instances of character education values, with 6 religious values, 2 honesty, 2 curiosity, 2 friendliness/communicativeness, 3 love of peace, and 6 responsibility. (2) The concept of happiness was found in 5 instances, with 2 involving knowledge of God and nature, and 3 involving moral actions and affection. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that children's literature is not only used for entertainment but also as an educational tool, such as instilling the values of character education and the concept of happiness for children. Moreover, children's literature can also influence character formation and psychological development in children.Keywords: The Value Of Character Education, The Concept Of Happiness, Children's Literature

ALS-FUS mutations cause abnormal PARylation and histone H1.2 interaction, leading to pathological changes

The majority of severe early-onset and juvenile cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are caused by mutations in the FUS gene, resulting in rapid disease progression. Mutant FUS accumulates within stress granules (SGs), thereby affecting the dynamics of these ribonucleoprotein complexes. Here, we define the interactome of the severe mutant FUSP525L variant in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons. We find increased interaction of FUSP525L with the PARP1 enzyme, promoting poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) and binding of FUS to histone H1.2. Inhibiting PARylation or reducing H1.2 levels alleviates mutant FUS aggregation, SG alterations, and apoptosis in human motor neurons. Conversely, elevated H1.2 levels exacerbate FUS-ALS phenotypes, driven by the internally disordered terminal domains of H1.2. In C.elegans models, knockdown of H1.2 and PARP1 orthologs also decreases FUSP525L aggregation and neurodegeneration, whereas H1.2 overexpression worsens ALS-related changes. Our findings indicate a link between PARylation, H1.2, and FUS with potential therapeutic implications.

서울가정법원의 소년법원적 기원과 비인간화의 기술

The Seoul Family Court was established on October 1, 1963 as the successor to the Juvenile Branch Court of the Seoul District Court. The Seoul Family Court considered the investigation of juvenile cases and the investigation and mediation of family cases as the main principles of the family court. This meant that the knowledge and system of the juvenile court, which punished juvenile delinquency, and the techniques of dehumanization using various disciplines were justified under the system of the family court. In this way, the mediators of the Seoul Family Court assumed the role of “therapeutic justice,” which expanded social norms and control over the family and continuously disseminated relevant content to society. This “therapeutic justice” was a combination of public and private intervention, realized primarily through the reconstruction of common-law marriage norms and the reinforcement of heterosexual normal family norms through family court decisions. This technique of dehumanization, which does not recognize the self-determination of the individual, encompassed both heterosexuals and homosexuals in Korea at that time.

The Role of Investigators in Handling Hate Speech Cases by Children as Criminal Offenders (Case study of Polda Bali)

The rapid progress of our time is evident in various aspects of life, including the realm of technology. This progress can have both positive and negative effects on users, especially children who are more susceptible to influence. There is a concern that when children come across news or false information in the media, they may unknowingly spread it without verifying its accuracy. Furthermore, there is a possibility that they may engage in Hate Speech without realizing that it is against the law. This raises a research question: How effective is the implementation of Restorative Justice at the investigator level through juvenile diversion in cases involving criminal Hate Speech? To answer this question, the research follows an empirical method and adopts a case-based approach with supporting facts. The research location for the study is the Bali Regional Police (Polda Bali). The research object focuses on hate speech cases involving child suspects and the effectiveness of Restorative Justice through diversion at the investigator level. Data is collected through interviews and documentary studies. In addressing the research problem, the author focuses on the theory of legal effectiveness, which emphasizes prevention rather than punishment by investigators. Investigators base their actions on Article 1 Paragraph 6 and 7 of Law Number 11 of 2012, which prioritizes Restorative Justice and diversion in handling juvenile cases. The use of Restorative Justice and diversion plays a crucial role in protecting the rights of children and preventing discrimination.

Ghosts From the Past: A Juvenile Onset Huntington's Disease Case From Bahrain

Ghosts From the Past: A Juvenile Onset Huntington's Disease Case From Bahrain

Evaluating Clinical Presentations and Diagnostic Procedures in Pediatric Autoimmune Hepatitis

Background: The aim of the current research was to assess the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods used in juvenile cases of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH). Methods: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design to investigate pediatric patients diagnosed with AIH at Children’s Medical Center Hospital, which is affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. The study included patients who received routine examinations, treatments, and follow-ups during the period from 2018 to 2021. Results: The present investigation encompassed the evaluation of 52 pediatric patients, mostly female, with a mean age of 7.76 years. The vast majority of patients have encountered the occurrence of acute AIH. Positive findings for the Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibodies (ASMA) test were seen in 50% of the patients. The mean score for fibrosis in the observed individuals was 2.56, whereas the mean value for the Hepatitis Activity Index (HAI) in a subset of 29 patients was found to be 7.34. One patient succumbed to the condition, one case underwent transplantation, and another individual was identified as a candidate for liver transplantation. Conclusion: Patients with AIH saw a decrease in long-term survival. There was no observed disparity in prognosis based on gender; nevertheless, it was noted that males had a shorter lifespan, perhaps attributable to an earlier beginning of the illness. The presence of cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis constituted a significant risk factor for unfavorable prognosis, as it was associated with an elevated overall risk of mortality owing to liver dysfunction.

SOCIO-CULTURAL MISMATCH STUDY ON THE EXISTENCE OF JEPARA 1001 BOARDING SCHOOL

This research is motivated by the existence of Jepara as the City of 1001 Islamic Boarding Schools, the dilemma in the Stereotype Mismatch Study is the socio-cultural portrait of the community that does not reflect the inherent social identity and labels. This is shown by the high social and juvenile delinquency cases such as free sex, narcotics, racing liars and the degradation of morality and character of the younger generation. Therefore, through scientific studies with a socio-cultural approach, it forms the basis of a framework for viewing ethnography that occurs in society, with the case study of Bangsri Village, Jepara Regency. This study used a Qualitative Method with an Ethnographic research design to analyze, view, and explain the condition of the people studied through descriptive studies. The research base is located in Bangsri Village, Jepara Regency. Data collection was obtained through primary and secondary data sources, with data validity techniques through source and technique triangulation and using interactive data analysis models. The results of this study are expected to provide alternative guidelines and references in maximizing Jepara's Existence as a City of 1001 Islamic Boarding Schools with the basis of Civil Society which upholds the values of the Islamic Religion and the progressive Al-Qur'an.Â

The prevalence and risk factors of conduct disorder among juvenile delinquents in China

Conduct disorders (CDs) are common in juvenile justice cases, but their prevalence varies across regions. It is useful to help people comprehend the incidence and risk factors for CDs in the judicial environment. To determine the prevalence of CDs among juvenile delinquents in China and explore the risk factors for CDs in terms of demographic characteristics, individual characteristics, and social environmental factors. A total of 545 male juvenile delinquents and 297 typically developed adolescents from China were recruited for this study. The Conduct Disorder Screening Form was used to assess the symptoms of CD, and related measurements, including the Demographic Questionnaire, Short-Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran for Chinese (s-EMBU-C), the Short Form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), the Parental Monitoring Scale, the Deviant Peer Affiliation Scale, the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU), the Self-Control Scale (SCS), and the Moral Disengagement Scale (MDS), were carried out. Among the juvenile delinquents, 58.7% met the symptoms of CD, with adolescent-onset CD accounting for 90.94% of these cases. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of CD between the criminal group and the illegal group, but the criminal group scored higher on aggression than the illegal group. The adolescents with CDs differed from the typically developed adolescents in demographic characteristics, parenting style, individual characteristics, and deviant peer affiliation. Discriminant analysis revealed that deviant peer affiliation had the greatest impact on the CDs of adolescents (structural matrix = 0.85), followed by the level of parental monitoring and moral disengagement. CD is widespread in Chinese juvenile delinquents. CD symptoms differ between criminal and illegal juvenile delinquents. Risk factors such as deviant peer affiliation, inadequate parental monitoring, moral disengagement, and low parental warmth all contribute to the high prevalence of CD.

System of Restorative Justice and Juvenile Justice in India: a Brief Comparative Study with Latin American System

Justice everywhere is threatened by injustice anywhere. After the Nirbhaya case verdict in Delhi, the State was accused of being lenient with one of the juvenile offenders; this may have been the cause of the public outcry. Consequently, the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, (JJ Act) was passed by India in 2015. Children who commit horrible crimes cannot be dealt with lightly. However, as has been the case in the West, placing them in adult prisons would turn them into hardened criminals and repeat offenders. “Old enough to do the crime, young enough to do the time,” says the adage. Those who commit crimes must serve their sentences. The child activists contend that the Act is founded on the concepts of retribution and vengeance and has overturned all previous good laws. Children need food, not impediments to their growth. They require our society’s compassion rather than the harshness of the law. Restorative justice is a welcome idea. What is required is a shift in perspective, a readiness to prioritize victims in criminal proceedings, and an understanding that mending relationships and undoing harm are crucial components of the criminal justice system. Therefore, rather than simply passing judgment, it is our responsibility to uplift the weak, mend the broken, and comfort the grieving. The article focuses on youth crime kinds and causes, factors that lead to crime and restorative justice. This article also focuses on comparative analysis of Indian restorative justice system with Latin American restorative justice system in juvenile cases.

ANALISIS YURIDIS PENGATURAN SYARAT PELAKSANAAN DIVERSI PADA TINGKAT PEMERIKSAAN DI PENGADILAN DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA INDONESIA

In juvenile criminal justice system, there is the diversion policy as the transfer of juvenile cases from judicial process to outside of judicial process. The requirement regulation for diversion implementation are regulated in SPPA Law. However, about the implementation of diversion at Court, there is PERMA Number 4 of 2014 which regulates the requirement for implementing diversion as contrary with SPPA Law. This research aims to do analysis about disharmonization of norms related to regulation of requirement for implementing diversion between SPPA Law and PERMA Number 4 of 2014, and analysis about implementation of PERMA Number 4 of 2014 against SPPA Law. This research used normative legal research methods with legislative regulations approach and conceptual approach. The legal materials used is primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials obtained through document study techniques, and analyzed using deductive methods. The results of this research show that disharmonization of norms between SPPA Law and PERMA Number 4 of 2014, is because PERMA position is below the Legislative Regulations based on hierarchy of Legislative Regulations, but in case examination process at the District Court, PERMA Number 4 of 2014 still enforced and ignoring the SPPA Law with referring to the Supreme Court Law.