Jute Sliver Research Articles

Studies on Mechanical Properties of Jute Sliver Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPE) Composite

Studies on Mechanical Properties of Jute Sliver Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPE) Composite

EFFECT OF MECHANICAL CRIMP OF JUTE FIBRE ON THE THERMAL PROPERTIES OF WOVEN FABRICS

The aim of this paper is to find the effect of mechanical crimp of jute fibre on the thermal properties of woven jute fabrics. In this study, crimp box and gear crimping method were used to impart mechanical crimp into jute sliver. Crimps were divulged to enhance the cohesion between fibres that make it suitable for spinning. Jute yarns were produced by inserting a different number of crimps and woven fabrics were produced by using these yarns. Fabric thickness, porosity, air permeability and thermal conductivity tests were done according to standard method and found that fabric porosity, air permeability and thermal conductivity of the fabric decreased and fabric thickness increased with the increased number of crimps and fabrics from gear crimping method showed better effect than that of crimp box method. The study on jute woven fabric will provide quantitative experimental data for potential applications with advantages of lightweight, cost-effective, easy to manufacture, biodegradable and excellent mechanical properties.

Analysis of the Correlation Between Crimp Parameters and its Effect on Yarn Strength and Hairiness

Abstract The objective of this paper is to analyse the correlation between crimp parameters and the effect of crimps on yarn strength and hairiness. Crimp is an essential property for natural and man-made fibres. Crimps always form with different parameters as they are very much irregular in size and shape. So, if the crimps are regular in size and shape, the end products like yarn and fabric properties will improve. Jute is a natural fibre with no natural crimp. In this research work, the gear crimping method was used as a mechanical crimping system to impart a regular size and shape of crimps into jute sliver. As a result, crimp parameters like the crimp length and crimp angle become uniform, and it is then easy to measure them. Results also showed that the crimp length is directly proportional and the crimp angle is reversely proportional to the number of crimps per unit length, and they are highly correlated. It was also shown that crimp and crimp parameters also affect the yarn strength and hairiness. In conclusion, it is revealed that with an increase in the number of crimps, the yarn strength was increased and hairiness was decreased.

The effect of mechanical crimp on the basic properties of jute yarn

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of mechanical crimp on the basic properties of jute yarns. There are some technological limitations for processing of jute fibers without crimp. Crimp is imparted into the jute sliver in draw frame machine to give a certain amount of cohesion to the fibre strand. Crimp keeps the fibers together in the sliver and makes it easy to spin. The present work describes the effect of mechanical crimp on jute yarn properties. The properties of yarns like unevenness, thick and thin places, neps, hairiness, yarn strength, number of twist per inch etc. were carried out in accordance with the test method provided by BDS and ASTM Standard. The properties of jute yarns were improved after induced some mechanical crimp on the jute fibre. This research is practice based and the findings are beneficial for controlling of the above stated mechanical properties.

Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional Jute-Polyester Composite

Unidirectional compressed jute fibre sheets are prepared by using raw jute and jute sliver at 120oC for 20 minute, at a pressure of 50 kg/cm2. Compressed raw jute fibre sheet produced from raw jute reed and jute sliver were used for preparation of the composites in unsaturated polyester resin matrix. Three different fibre content 25 (w/w)%, 35 (w/w)%, 44 (w/w)% composites were fabricated by using raw jute and jute sliver. Tensile, flexural, ILSS and SEM properties of composites made from raw jute and jute sliver were studied. The Tensile, flexural and ILSS properties of composites made from raw jute was found to be higher than composites made from jute sliver.

NOVEL LOW-COST JUTE–POLYESTER COMPOSITE. II. SEM OBSERVATION OF THE FRACTURED SURFACES

The scanning electron micrographs (SEM) were taken at different magnifications with respect of the fractured surfaces of the polymer composites prepared from unsaturated polyester resin and jute sliver with 60% fiber loading by weight. The composite specimens were prepared using both untreated (control) and chemically modified (bleached) jute fibers by solution impregnation and hot curing methods and are designated as JPH-60(C) and JPH-60(B), respectively. The method of preparation of the composite specimens have been discussed. The specimens were subjected to tensile and flexural tests and the fractured surfaces were observed under SEM as stated. The fiber surface morphology was also studied from the SEM photographs in the case of the control and bleached jute filaments. The SEM photographs of the fractured surfaces of the composites showed varied extents of fiber pull-outs under both tensile and flexural failure modes. The nature of interfacial adhesion has been discussed on the basis of the SEM study. A good correlation between the SEM study and the mechanical strength properties of the composites could be established. Exceptionally high flexural strength of the composites JPH-60(B) compared to JPH-60(C) could be explained from the SEM study.

Jute sliver-LDPE composites: Effect of aqueous consolidation on mechanical and dynamic properties

The aqueous consolidation of jute slivers and its comparison with the control in the LDPE matrix were studied in this article. The increase in strength of the consolidated jute sliver–LDPE composite was noticed. Jute slivers were immersed in water, squeezed, air dried, and finally consolidated at 160°C for 5 min. These treated jute slivers with or without CSM (chopped strand mat) and LDPE films were compression molded to different boards and compared among themselves. The studies undertaken for characterization and analysis of the system were (a) flexural behavior, (b) tensile behavior, (c) impact behavior, (d) DMA study, and (e) SEM study. Among mechanical properties maximum gain was found in the impact strength. In the SEM study splitting of fibers were observed after consolidation. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 684–689, 2000

Effect of acetylation on dimensional stability, mechanical, and dynamic properties of jute board

Jute slivers were acetylated in pilot scale following a no catalyst-no solvent method at 120°C for 2 h. The weight % gain was found to be 11.37. Different jute boards were pressed under heat and pressure using acetylated jute sliver and urea formaldehyde resin. Neutral salt (NaCl), acid salt (NH4Cl), and melamine powder were used separately for curing urea formaldehyde. For comparison purposes, control boards were also prepared using nonacetylated slivers. The boards were tested for water soaking, cyclic water soaking, and cyclic humidity to see the effect of acetylation on dimensional stabilization. This chemical modification was found to improve the dimensional stability to a great extent for NaCl and NH4Cl cured boards and to a less extent for a melamine-cured one. Tensile and flexural strengths were tested by Instron before and after the cyclic tests. Retention values were found to be as high as 60% after cyclic water tests for acetylated boards and the same was as low as 24% for control boards. Dynamic parameters, such as storage flexural modulus (E′), loss flexural modulus (E"), and loss factor or damping efficiency (tan δ) were determined in a fixed-frequency mode. Dynamic mechanical study revealed that tan δ peaks were lowered due to increased bulkiness of the fiber after acetylation and thus restricted mobility. A tiny additional peak was also visible at ∼90°C beside the main peak at ∼125°C for boards with modified slivers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 935–944, 1999

Novel, low‐cost jute‐polyester composites. Part 1: Processing, mechanical properties, and SEM analysis

AbstractThe development of high performance composites from a cheap natural fiber, jute, as reinforcement is particularly significant from an economic point of view. In this work, jute fiber‐unsaturated polyester(GP) composites having appreciable mechanical properties were prepared by using solution impregnation and hot curing methods. Both unbleached (control) and bleached jute slivers with various percentages of fiber loadings were used to prepare the composites and were named JPH (C) i.e., Jute Polyester Hot Curing (control), and JPH (B) i.e., Jute Polyester Hot Curing (bleached), respectively. Mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strain, toughness, and moduli of both the grades have been compared. Composites having 60 wt% of jute fiber yielded the best results. JPH (B) showed much better flexural properties than JPH (C), although the tensile properties of the latter were better. The inter‐laminar shear strength (ILSS) of the JPH (B) was found to be higher than JPH (C). The nature of fiber‐resin bonding was studied from scanning electron micrographs of the specimens subjected to tensile and flexural fracture. Dynamic mechanical properties were found to be very high, superior even to those of glass fiber reinforced composites. The flexural storage modulus was found to be 12.3 GPa at 30°C and to decrease slowly with temperature. The major finding in this work is the attainment of high mechanical properties of composite specimens with 60 wt %fiber loading. On a weight and cost basis, bleached jute fibres were found to be better reinforcements than other fibers with usual surface modification by coating or grafting processes.

, An On-line System for Controlling Weight Irregularities in Jute Sliver

, An On-line System for Controlling Weight Irregularities in Jute Sliver

32—A SIMPLIFIED METHOD OF DETERMINING THE LENGTH AND FINENESS CHARACTERISTICS OF FIBRES IN JUTE SLIVERS AND YARNS

The normal method of studying the length and fineness characteristics of fibres in jute slivers and yarns involves classifying the fibres in a sample into a suitable number of length groups and determination of the frequency and linear density of fibres in all the length groups. The simplified method described in this paper requires evaluation of the cumulative frequency and linear density of fibres of one particular length only, and is hence less time-consuming than the normal method. Graphical relations and tables are provided with the simplified method to reduce the computation time, which is considerable with the normal method. The data obtained on several yarn samples of different qualities by the normal method of testing are used to show the agreement between the results arrived at by the two methods. A procedure for carrying out the tests required in the simplified method is also suggested.

18—THE RELATION BETWEEN THE LENGTH AND LINEAR DENSITY OF JUTE AND FLAX FIBRES OBTAINED AFTER CARDING AND DRAWING OPERATIONS

A theoretical derivation is attempted to explain the length–linear-density relations observed for fibres in jute and flax slivers and yarns. The derived relations were found to simulate closely those observed experimentally for these materials. A relatively simple and ready method of assessing the over-all fineness characteristics of strands in the raw fibres used in the batch is suggested on the basis of the relations obtained.

Measurement of Fiber Length of Jute Slivers Part I: A Study of the Methods of Measurement

Difficulties in assessing the average fiber length in jute slivers are discussed. Some of the methods that are available for determining the average fiber length are examined and a simple and quick method is suggested. In the method proposed a beard is prepared by clamping the sliver at one point normal to its length and removing the loose fibers from both sides of the clamp. The weight profile of a beard prepared in this way is shown to be reasonably exponential, and hence a plot on semi-log scale will be a straight line. From the slope of the line the average fiber length can be calculated using the formula suggested. Instead of plotting the whole weight profile, the average fiber length can also be calculated from the weights of two 2-in. pieces of the beard cut at two points of the beard, and this cutting method gives values of avenge fiber length that are in good agreement with values obtained from the slope of the log-linear plot. The cutting method proposed is a quick one and appears to be reliable.

Effect of spindle speed on textile properties and productivity of fine jute yarn

Spindle speed is an important parameter for the production of jute yarn [1]. An Apron Draft spinning frame was modified in to ring system by incorporating rings and travelers instead of flyers. The experiments were performed for investigating the effect of spindle speed on textile properties and productivity of jute yarn of 103 tex. The spindle speed was varied from 5000 rpm to 9000 rpm. The experiments were performed with Bangla White B (BWB) grade jute sliver of finisher drawing of linear density 2415 tex (70 lb/spy). The draft ratio and the twist used in the experiments were 23 and 240 tpm (turns per meter) respectively. The ring size was KW (4) 76 mm Ø. Steel travelers number 1, Type G, semicircular in shape were used in the experiment. Ten runs were performed for the experiment at the standard atmospheric condition, 20 ± 2°C, and relative humidity 65% ± 2%. The nominal count of the yarn produced was 103 tex. The yarns produced through the experiments were tested for different textile properties. Analysis of the test results shows that the spindle speed greatly influences the textile properties, such as strength, elongation, yarn breakage, productivity, quality ratio etc. of produced yarn. In consideration of the productivity, quality and other textile properties of the yarn, the optimum spindle speed was determined for the production of fine jute yarn of 103 tex. Key Words: Apron draft, spindle speed, fine jute yarn. DOI: 10.3329/diujst.v4i2.4358 Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology Vol.4(2) 2009 pp.1-5

Dye-Sampling of Filaments in Jute Sliver and Assessment of Average Filament Length and Fineness

Dye-Sampling of Filaments in Jute Sliver and Assessment of Average Filament Length and Fineness