Study Of Jurisprudence Research Articles

AMPLIANDO OS HORIZONTES DO DIREITO DAS FAMÍLIAS: ANÁLISE JURISPRUDENCIAL DA MULTIPARENTALIDADE

This article presents a conceptual view on multiparenthood and socio-affective paternity as a procedure, the differences between bonds, hypotheses of appropriateness, and the definition of the term of filiation status, its requirements, its legal provision, and jurisprudential studies. Furthermore, it seeks to inform how this topic operates in the judicial process, collecting data and indicating numbers through a survey at the Court of Justice of the State of Paraná to determine how many cases had multiparentality or the socio-affective bond confirmed and their respective grounds that gave rise to these decisions. The method used is inductive and this research is both qualitative and quantitative, seeking to show opinions and perceptions beyond numbers and delving deeper into research in a more exploratory way to bring information about this topic, with bibliographic and documentary research techniques, since this topic delves into both laws and investigations and their decisions. Ultimately, we intend to bring these results to evaluate the possibility of regulation in the legal system, whether this law would be necessary, or whether supervision correctly and efficiently controls this role for the declaration of multiparenthood.

Debt Sale in Islamic Banks and its Contemporary Applications a Comparative Jurisprudential Study

Debt Sale in Islamic Banks and its Contemporary Applications a Comparative Jurisprudential Study

Surrogate motherhood as a right of procreational will for infertile couples in Ecuador

This research paper contributes to the regulation of surrogacy in Ecuador, a controversial topic that has gained attention in scientific and social circles. Although the practice is not legally regulated, there has been an increase in discussion and interest in this topic in the country. The objective is to examine the Ecuadorian regulations and jurisprudence applicable to the regulation of surrogate motherhood considering ethical and social principles. It was based on a historical, normative and jurisprudential study. The qualitative methodology was applied, by means of the empirical analytical method that allowed analyzing the opinions of experts in family law, human rights and bioethics, and evaluating how surrogate motherhood would be integrated within the existing legal framework in Ecuador, which requires further research and an informed debate to structure a legal and ethical framework that regulates surrogate motherhood in Ecuador. We were able to conclude the potential impact that surrogacy has in terms of equity and reproductive justice, as well as in the integral protection of the rights of all parties involved. However, it must be recognized that this discussion must encompass a variety of perspectives, including the opinions of experts in bioethics, reproductive medicine and psychology.

Employment of Zakat Funds in Islam: A Jurisprudential Study

Zakat is mandatory contribution in Islam. It is the command (Pherman) of Allah revealed in holy interaction/discourse of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) with Allah. Islam stands for social and economic solidarity among the followers of Islam. It seeks to provide the basic needs of the individual out of the Zakat contribution pool. For this study, the aim is to discuss the noble and holy idea of employing zakat funds. The employment of Zakat funds are permissible in certain forms and prohibited in some. This distinction is made from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence. The study proceeded with this aim and reached the following results: (i) the employment of zakat funds is undoubtedly meant for helping the poor, disabled, destitute, and sick or orphaned individuals. (ii) Zakat has five forms in which Zakat funds are deployed/dispensed; (iii) Zakat funds take the form of investment; (iv) Zakat funds are meant to be spent in public interests; (v) Zakat funds are converted into endowments. The forms of spending (iii) and (v) are prohibited by some jurists. They contend that the permissible forms of fund-employment are: (a) providing a vocational tool (felicitation giving equipment such as tools, instruments or other things) to the needy; (b) establishing projects that benefit the poor as a privileged group/class. The study makes recommendation that Zakat controlling institutions should take care of employment of Zakat resources-pool/reservoir in providing jobs to the unemployed poor and others eligible as per Islamic philosophy and the provision of vocational tools, instruments or equipment so that the eligible poor skilled individuals are able to work more efficiently to earn their livelihood.

Jurisprudential Rulings Relevant to the Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Medical Field

*This paper of research is sponsored and funded by Kuwait University, Research Project No. (HC03/23) Idea of the Research is to address the topic of using artificial intelligence in the medical field from the Islamic point of view. Its importance lies in focusing on the way Islamic Law keeps pace with latest issues that comply with the provisions and objectives of Islamic Law. Hence, the problematic deals with jurisprudential rulings relevant to the use of AI in the medical field and providing patients’ confidential data to AI software. This research aims to explain some jurisprudential rulings on using AI. Accordingly, extrapolatory, analytical, and comparative methods have been used. The main findings of the research are the following: learning AI is a collective duty provided that it agrees with the Objectives of Islamic Law that firmly stipulates non-disclosure of patients’ medical data except in a few cases to bring benefit or prevent harm. On this basis, practitioners can provide AI software with confidential patients’ information under certain conditions such as achieving public interest, obtaining permission and a written consent from the patient, revealing true information and preventing any kind of harm. In this regard, the researcher urges to keep pace with the latest AI developments and encourages more jurisprudential studies to promote research on emerging medical issues.

The Marriage Suspended on A Condition, And Marriage with The Condition of Choice a Comparative Jurisprudential Study

The Marriage Suspended on A Condition, And Marriage with The Condition of Choice a Comparative Jurisprudential Study

Ruling on the enemy seizing Muslims’ private funds -A comparative jurisprudential study with public international law-

This research aims to clarify the ruling on the property of Muslims that has been seized by enemies: Does ownership transfer to the enemies, or does it remain with the original Muslim owners? It also seeks to determine the ruling on this property if Muslims are victorious over the enemies and reclaim it: Does it return to its original owners, or does it remain a right of the conquerors? The researcher concluded that the Islamic property seized by the enemies does not transfer ownership to them but remains the property of the original Muslim owners. Furthermore, if the Muslims reclaim this property from the enemies, it returns to its original owners. The researcher recommended the necessity of continuing research on issues of international relations and revisiting the rulings made by jurists on these matters in light of today's global changes.

The Issues Described by Al-Rajrajī as Being Consistent with The Maliki School of Thought - In His Book Methods of Attainment from The Book of Purity to Loyalty and Inheritance - A Comparative Jurisprudential Study (Niyyah in Taruk as An Example)

The Issues Described by Al-Rajrajī as Being Consistent with The Maliki School of Thought - In His Book Methods of Attainment from The Book of Purity to Loyalty and Inheritance - A Comparative Jurisprudential Study (Niyyah in Taruk as An Example)

Dispensation on Bearing the Consequences of the Oppressor's Injustice: An Applied Jurisprudential Study

فكرة البحث: مدى جواز حمل التبعات على الظالم، وتطبيقاته على الفروع الفقهية، من خلال بيان مفاهيم الدراسة، ثم التطرق لحكم الحمل على الظالم فوق عقوبته، ثم العطف على توضيح التطبيقات الفقهية المبنيّة على المسألة أصالة ومعاصرة. أهمية البحث: يرسم البحث حدود مسؤولية الظالم بغية إنصاف المظلوم منه، ويؤصل شرعاً لقضية تحميل المصروفات والزوائد على الظالم في ضوء نصوص الفقهاء إبرازاً لعدالة الإسلام.وتتمثل إشكالية البحث: في بيان الموقف الشرعي من تحميل الظالم مسؤولية ما تسبب فيه من زوائد وطوارئ وتكاليف ترتبت على ظلمه زيادةً على العقوبة المقررة عليه. ويهدف البحث إلى بيان حكم الحمل على الظالم الذي يترتب على ظلمه زوائد وتكاليف، ويبين تطبيقاته في الفروع الفقهية بين الأصالة والمعاصرة. وسلكت المنهج الاستقرائي من خلال استقصاء المادة العلمية بشقيها النظري والتطبيقي، مستفيدًا من المنهج الاستنباطي المقارن في توضيح الحكم الشرعي للحمل على الظالم وتطبيقه في الفروع الفقهية أصالة ومعاصرة. ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصل الباحث إليها أن الظالم يتحمل مسؤولية التبعات والمصروفات التي تولدت عن فعله وتسبب فيها ظلمه حقيقة، وقد ظهر أثر ذلك في التطبيقات أصالة في جملة من فروع المعاملات والجنايات، وكذلك في التطبيقات المعاصرة في المدين المماطل بتحميله المصروفات التي غرمها الدائن من أجل تحصيل دينه، وتضمينه الضرر المتحقق فعلياً الذي نتج عن مطله، وكذلك شأن صاحب الشيك المرتجع، والمقاول المخل بأحد شروط عقد المقاولة، وتضمين الغار بالتدليس على المشتري في محرك السيارة كل ما يترتب على تدليسه من ضرر. ويرى الباحث: توجيه طلبة العلم لمزيد من الدراسة حول موضوع البحث مع تطبيقات أوسع في سائر أبواب الفقه المختلفة عموماً، والتوسع في تطبيقه على المسائل المعاصرة.

The discretionary power of the judge to compel the Husband’s financial support for the wife after his refusal: A Comparative jurisprudential study with the laws of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries

The discretionary power of the judge to compel the Husband’s financial support for the wife after his refusal: A Comparative jurisprudential study with the laws of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries

The Theory of Quantity in Measures and Scales a Comparative Jurisprudential Study

Every body has a size and mass that distinguishes it from others and makes it different from others. Some of these bodies are huge and large in size, and some are small and light in weight. Among these masses and bodies are some that are dealt with by their size and weight, each according to its quantity, weight, and cheapness. This is why they created quantities by which these weights and quantities could be estimated, so they used measures and weights for that. Objectives: The research aims to know some measures and weights, such as the wife’s maintenance, the amount of zakat, etc.I found it to be a widely spread topic, and widely used in the folds of jurisprudence. During my reading of jurisprudence books, I found jurists using many quantities, of multiple types, and different forms, according to the type of each quantity. methodology: I begin by mentioning the title and the definition in its language and terminology, and the basis of the issue from a verse or hadith, then I arrange the opinions, starting with the first, then the next, then the next, and I make the statement that seems to me closest to the truth - according to what I have arrived at - in the last. I have attributed the Qur’anic verses to their surahs, and the noble hadiths to their original sources as much as I can. If I do not find it, I indicate the place from which I took it. Results: Conclusion: Jurisprudential theories are a new method of writing, and a new method of classification, created by contemporary scholars. They composed several theories, with multiple topics, according to each theory and its details. The theory of magnitude is a theory that includes the origins of the particulars of quantities, in its spread within the various sections of jurisprudence.

Jurisprudential Study of the Client's Infringement of the Banking Contract

Using bank facilities other than the subject of the contract is one of the basic challenges in banking, especially Islamic banking. Sometimes, customers mention some things to get bank facilities during the contract. Still, after the contract, they allocate money outside of what was agreed in the contract, and even in some cases, they may have the intention of deceiving the bank and intending to violate the contract from the beginning. This article raises the question of if the customer violates the contract, what is the obligatory sentence and status sentence of it? It seeks to determine the Sharia ruling on this issue. To find the answer to this question, the hypothesis of obligatory haram and invalidity of the contract has been put to the test, and an attempt has been made to clarify the Sharia ruling of this act by using jurisprudential sources and the opinions of jurists. In this research, the qualitative method of content analysis has been used and an attempt has been made to analyze sources and jurisprudential texts based on scientific theories. The results of the research show that compliance with the contract is mandatory and violation of it is considered a violation of the permission of the owner (bank) and makes the recipient of the facility to be the guarantor for any damages. Jurisprudents differ about the validity of the contract in case of the customer's violation, but the benefits from the capital will belong to the customer, and the customer's possession of these benefits is subject to the bank's permission.

A Comparative Jurisprudential Study of Social Jurisprudence in Al-Sabzwari's Rulings on Divorce, with a Focus on Al-La’an from His Book "Muhadhdhab Al-Ahkam

This research focuses on explaining social jurisprudence as one of the types of Islamic jurisprudence that concerns the lives of individuals in society. It presents a comparative jurisprudential study on the rulings of divorce and li'an (cursing) as an example from the book "Muhadhab al-Ahkam" by Al-Sabzawari. The researcher also presents the opinions of jurists from Islamic schools of thought and the opinion of Al-Sabzawari, along with their evidence and discussion, to make a comparison between them and to clarify the most valid opinion. The results reveal the strength and ability of Al-Sabzawari in deducing the legal rulings from their sources, allowing the researcher to understand the methodologies of eminent scholars and then deduce the social jurisprudence in the issue based on Al-Sabzawari's opinion.

The Requirement of a Mahram for a Woman's Travel under the Contemporary Developments and Fatwas

This study addresses an important issue that has occupied the minds of Muslim men and women, both in the past and present, namely the question of requiring a mahram for a woman's travel. The current study deals with this issue through an examination of the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad—peace be upon him—and the statements of ancient scholars, as well as the opinions of contemporary scholars, in a detailed and analytical jurisprudential study. The study aimed to delve into and scrutinize the prophetic hadiths and the statements of scholars, reverting to their texts to understand the rationale behind the ruling, to arrive at a Sharia ruling that aligns with the prophetic hadiths, the rationale, and the benefit upon which the ruling is based, and to connect it with the contemporary context. The study concluded that scholars have differed on this issue both in ancient and modern times. Some adhered strictly to the apparent meanings of the mentioned hadiths, thereby prohibiting women's travel without a mahram, without any exceptions. Others have made exceptions for certain cases, such as an elderly woman who is not desired and a woman travelling with a group of trustworthy women, as well as the safety of the journey, and that this applies to every person travelling with the intention of obeying Allah, whether obligatory or non-obligatory, such as visiting and trading.

Controls and provisions of electronic financial papers (a comparative jurisprudential study)

تتمثل أهمية البحث في كون عملية التعامل بالأوراق المالية الإلكترونية تعد إحدى الركائز الأساسية في الأسواق المالية المعاصرة؛ ولذلك فإن هذا البحث يسلط الضوء على أمر في غاية الأهمية وتنير الطريق للباحثين وطلاب العلم للخوض في موضوعات مشابهة، كما يعتبر من أكثر المعاملات التي تعمل على جذب المتعاملين في الأسواق المالية. وقد استهدف البحث بيان الحكم الشرعي للتعامل بالأوراق المالية الإلكترونية، وتوضيح المقصود بالأوراق المالية الإلكترونية، وبيان الآثار الإيجابية والسلبية، والملامح الأساسية لها، من خلال الإجابة على عدة أسئلة، منها: ما ضوابط وأحكام الأوراق المالية الإلكترونية؟ وما الشروط اللازمة للتعامل بالأوراق المالية الإلكترونية؟ وما التكييف الفقهي للتعامل بالأوراق المالية الإلكترونية؟ ولتحقيق تلك الأهداف البحثية استند البحث إلى عدة مناهج كما يلي: المنهج الاستقرائي، والمنهج التحليلي، والمنهج المقارن. وتوصل البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج, أبرزها: عدم جواز التعامل بالفوائد الربوية من خلال دفع أو تلقي أي رسوم تبييت الصفقات، وعدم جواز التداول على الأسهم المحرمة التي تكون مع شركات تتعامل بالفوائد الربوية أو تصنيع المحرمات. وأوصى البحث بعدة مقترحات, أهمها: أهمية تناول مثل هذه القضايا بالبحث والدراسة، من عمل الأبحاث العلمية في الجامعات أو من خلال إقامة المسابقات المتنوعة التي تحث على بحث هذه الجوانب الفقهية المعاصرة، علاوة على عقد المؤتمرات والندوات التي تبين حكم التعاملات المالية المعاصرة.

Spouses Common Rights: A Comparative Jurisprudential Study Under UAE Personal Status Law

يهدف البحث إلى معرفة أنواع الحقوق المشتركة بين الزوجين، وأدلة مشروعيتها، والتعرف على آراء الفقهاء حول الحقوق المشتركة بين الزوجين وعلى توجه القانون الإماراتي حيال هذ ه الحقوق. وقد اتبعت فيه المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وتم تقسيمه إلى تمهيد وأربعة مباحث ونتائج. سأستعرضها كما يلي: التمهيد: أهمية الحق وأنواعه داخل الأسرة، وفيه ثلاثة مطالب: المطلب الأول: تعريف الحق لغة. المطلب الثاني: تعريف الحق اصطلاحًا. المطلب الثالث: أنواع الحقوق المشتركة بين الزوجين. المبحث الأول: حق الاستمتاع بين الزوجين. المبحث الثاني: حرمة المصاهرة بين الزوجين. المبحث الثالث: حسن العشرة بين الزوجين. المبحث الرابع: التوارث بين الزوجين. وتوصل البحث إلى أن الإسلام بنى نظام الأسرة على قواعد ثابتة، أساسها المودة والرحمة والعدالة والمواساة والتكافل والتضامن ونظم أمور الأسرة تنظيمًا كاملا، فجعل للزواج مقدمات وشروطًا وأركانًا سليمة تقوم عليها الحياة الزوجية.

Impact of Inherited, Newly-acquired Money in Inheritance: A Comparative Jurisprudential Study

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان أحقية الوارث في الإرث من مال قريبه عند حدوث حادثة قد تغير الحكم الشرعي في مدى استحقاق الإرث وثبوته، إما بالمنع مطلقًا، أو من بعض الإرث، وقسمته إلى مقدمة وثلاثة مباحث، هي:أثر تلاد المال وطريفه في ميراث المرتد، وأثر تلاد المال وطريفه في ميراث القاتل لمورثه، وأثر تلاد المال وطريفه في ميراث الأقارب حال حدوث الموت الجماعي كالغرق، والهدم، والحوادث العامة، والأمراض ونحوها، وتوصل البحث إلى أن حق الوارث من مورثه قائم بنص آية محكمة من كتاب الله، ولا يمكن دفعه، أو منع هذا الحق إلاَّ بنص صريح، أو إجماع يستند إلى دليل واضح.فاذا جُهل حال الموتى الجماعي فلم يعلم المتقدم من المتأخر، فلا توارث بينهم؛ لانتفاء شرط الإرث، وهو تحقق حياة الوارث عند موت الموَّرث؛ لأن الإرث خلافه، ولا يجوز التوريث مع الشك. وأن القول بتوريث الغرقى والهدمى ومن في حكمهم من تلاد المال دون طريفه، إذا جهل أمرهم فلم يعلم المتقدم من المتأخر يلزم منه التناقض؛ لأن كلا منهم سيصبح وارثًا ومورثًا في آن واحد.

The Credit Card of Murabaha & Ijarah (Leasing) of Benefits and Services in the Palestinian Islamic Bank: A Critical and Analaytical Jurisprudential Study

The research attempts to answer a crucial question: To what extent does the Mastercard issued by the Palestinian Islamic Bank adhere to Sharia principles and regulations related to agency contracts, Murabaha (cost-plus financing), and Ijarah (leasing)? The research followed a descriptive-analytical approach, examining everything related to the mentioned card and its application, along with the Sharia principles it is based on, through discussion, analysis, and critique. The research is distinguished by its analytical and critical jurisprudential study, producing a new Islamic banking product, amidst the scarcity of Sharia studies on it. The research was divided into two sections and a conclusion: the first dealt with defining the card, its application in the Palestinian Islamic Bank, and its Sharia adaptation. The second section addressed the most significant jurisprudential issues concerning it. The research concluded several key points, including genuine jurisprudential issues with the card undermining its legitimacy, such as violating agency and leasing rules regarding responsibility and guarantee, selling, and leasing in the seller's knowledge of the market value, and the client's acceptance of purchasing or leasing from the bank itself occurring in the card issuance agreement before the bank's ownership. It also noted the absence of genuine Sharia oversight ensuring Sharia compliance in operations and their regulations, which could lead to significant harm to Islamic banks in their form and differentiation from interest-based banks.

The Falling of Criminal Liability by Dropping the Inviolability of Self A Comparative Jurisprudential Study

This study focuses on examining the legal rulings regarding the occurrence of a crime when it is applied to those deserving it, particularly when the victim is not considered to have the sanctity or inviolability of their blood. This includes cases such as murderers, apostates, and married adulterers, even though their blood is not guaranteed immunity. Acknowledging that the killing of these individuals is considered a crime, despite the lack of guaranteed immunity for their blood, is based on the premise that the study will delve into the execution of the judgment on them occurring without the knowledge or consent of the ruler and before the judgment of the judge. This research is structured into an introduction, two main sections, and a conclusion, as follows: The research commenced with an introductory section that provided a definition, encompassing the significance of the study, its objectives, and a review of previous studies. The first section discussed the entitlements of the relatives of the victim to seek retribution from the perpetrator prior to the issuance of a judicial verdict. The second section addressed the killing of an apostate and an adulterer who is married, before the issuance of a judicial verdict, through the application of punishment. Finally, the conclusion and findings reached by the researcher were presented, accompanied by appendice containing the sources and references used.

Criminal Liability in the Absence of Perpetrator Eligibility: Applied Jurisprudential Study

This research focuses on discussing the impact of the perpetrator's loss of eligibility and accountability, where the criminal act is committed by an irrational entity lacking legal responsibility, such as an animal, metal, or well. The study is arranged as follows, with an introduction, two major sections, and a conclusion: Introduction: In addition to giving a definition, this section discusses the significance of the study, its goals, and a summary of earlier research. First Section - Incidents in Wells or Mines: This section explores two scenarios: First Subsection: Death by falling into a well or its collapse. Second Subsection: Death resulting from excavation for metal extraction. Second Section - Crime of Livestock: This section discusses two situations: First Subsection: The crime of livestock when not under someone's control. Second Subsection: The crime of livestock when under someone's control. Conclusion: This section summarizes the findings and conclusions reached by the researcher.