The article is devoted to legal regulation researches of one of the form of placement of children-orphans and children deprived of parental care, – orphanage of a family type. The author analyses the history of legislative regulation of the family-type orphanage, defi nes the goals and features of the application of this form of children placement. In the article the author points out that the goal of the creation of the family-type orphanage is ensuring by married couple or one person of children-orphans and children deprived of parental care with family education and living in the family. The foundations to the family-type orphanage creation are aggregate of juridical facts: declaration of intention of the person (individuals) to the familytype orphanage creation, expressed in application; making a decision on the establishment and functioning of a family-type orphanage by a public authority or a local government body; conclusion of an agreement on the organization of the activities of a family-type orphanage between these bodies and foster parents; children adoption in the family.