Junior Football Research Articles

Novel Protocol for the Use of Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System in Adolescents Engaged in Contact Sports.

Managing exercise remains challenging for adolescent athletes with type 1 diabetes (T1D), especially in contact sports. Even the use of hybrid closed loops can cause problems due to the need to disconnect the pump during some training or competitions. This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel protocol for the use of an Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System in adolescent football players with T1D during a sports camp. Eleven boys aged 14.9 years (25-75th percentile: 14-15.5), with a diabetes duration of 5.7 years (5.2-7) and regular training schedules in junior football leagues, participated in the study. They started AHCL (MiniMed780G, Medtronic) therapy a month before a week-long sports camp and were observed during the sports camp and the preceding week. Daily camp activities included two 1.5-hour training sessions. Protocol included a 90-minute temporary target of 150 mg/dL before and insulin pump disconnection during training. Physical activity was tracked using wGT3X-BT Actigraph monitors. The camp provided conditions of demanding physical activity (6.6[6-6.9] hours/day of moderate-to-vigorous intensity). After starting AHCL, the average participant time spent in the target glucose range (70-180mg/dL) was 79.34±8.46%, and no significant change was observed during the camp (mean difference +0.79±8.24%, p=0.7581). Median glucose levels dropped by 10.91±12.08mg/dL (p=0.0134), and time in the tight target range increased by 11.41±11.60% (p=0.0008) without increasing the time below range (<70mg/dL) or glycemic variability. During the camp, daily insulin dose and basal/bolus ratio remained comparable with baseline, but the relative amount of automated bolus insulin decreased by 14.24±4.65% (p<0.0001). The predefined regimen, including a temporary target before and disconnection of AHCL during football training, was safe and may provide satisfactory glucose control in active adolescents with T1D. This protocol could be adapted for use in other intensive contact sports.

High Prevalence of Varus Knee Malalignment in Adolescent Football Players-Clinical Lower Leg Axis Measurements of Male Junior Football Players Aged 7 to 18 Years.

Football, as the most popular sport worldwide, has long been under suspicion of causing varus knee alignment as early as adolescence. However, no causal relationship has yet been found. The first step to do so would be to determine the prevalence of lower leg malalignment among male junior football players depending on age, performance level and the number of active seasons played. Leg axis alignment in frontal plane was determined in male junior football players of different age levels between 7 and 18 years by measuring the intercondylar/intermalleolar distance (ICD/IMD) in an upright position. In addition to anthropometric data, multiple sport-specific data such as the start of their football career or training time per week were collected by means of questionnaires (clinical trial registration number: DRKS00020446). 207 male junior football players were included in this survey. The mean age was 12.8 years. Within the group of 15 to 18 year olds, the prevalence of varus knee malalignment was highest at just under a third (32.1%). In the subpopulation that played actively for more than ten seasons, 28.9% showed varus leg axis. Regarding performance level, the highest IMD/ICD values and highest prevalence of varus alignment were found among football players who play on a semi-professional level (16.7%), compared to amateur (11.4%) and high-performance levels (2.8%). Further research is necessary to investigate if this high prevalence of varus knee in children of a higher age and higher playing levels is due to the selection bias of football players with varus knee or a real development of varus knee in individuals.

Psychological counselling and relationship to the development of achievement motivation among junior football players (12-15 years)

Researcher seeks through this study show the relationship between psychological counseling through its support extension needs (social, psychological, and health) achievement motivation among footballers class youth (12-15) - A field study in municipalities Annaba (Pony, Sidi Amar), psychological counseling be his relationship, and the provision of achievement motivation of an athlete requires psychological counseling, which allows and empowers the player achieve better Results and victories and raise the performance and compatibility level by sporting competitions (supervisor, 2000, Abu Atiya, 2002 Moisi, 2004) Modified the researcher, there linking relationship to psychological guidance of by supporting guidance needs in achievement motivation development of the athletic young football, as aims of this research is to identify the relationship of guidance (guidance needs) and its relationship to the development of achievement motivation when athletic young football, and their contribution to raise the level of performance at Sporting, with as much community 100 player Sports clubs Annaba mandate and selected a sample of 22 players from the municipalities of the Punic and Sidi Amar.

The effect of a 10-week TOCA Football System intervention program on sport-specific motor skills among junior footballers.

The objective of our study was to examine, in addition to using the TOCA Football System tool and training method, the effect of a 10-week intervention on elite youth athletes in terms of their sport-specific motor skills and anthropometric variables. The study covered a group of 32 young players practicing football (U14) (13.45 ± 0.64 years). The junior U14 footballers were randomly assigned to an intervention or TOCA group (TG, N = 15, 13.25 ± 0.58 years) and a control group (CG, N = 17, 13.63 ± 0.66 years). Before starting the test, we performed full anthropometric measurements and assessed the sample's agility with and without the ball and their sport-specific endurance. The measurements were then repeated after the 10-week intervention. Within-group analysis showed significant improvements in muscle mass (p < 0.001), sport-specific endurance (p < 0.001), (p < 0.004) and agility (in TG) both with and without the ball (p = 0.002), (p = 0.004) however, we did not find a significant change in body fat percentage in either group (p = 0.988, p = 0.288). In the CG, "agility with the ball" changed significantly only (p = 0.023). In the between-group analysis with a repeated-measures analysis of variance (mixed-design ANOVA), there was no significant interaction in any performance variables. The main findings of this study indicate that a TOCA Football training program in addition to normal training during the in-season period does not produce additional effects in anthropometric factors, sport-specific endurance and agility performance with the ball (dribbling) and without the ball in comparison with the control condition. From a practical point of view, the presented anthropometric and physical profiles of players can be useful for football coaches in optimizing soccer training. Overall, it also can be concluded that the device can be safely used in the sensitive age group in terms of the development of motor skills since we did not find any negative effects during the use of the device in terms of the parameters we examined. In addition to the expansion of the number of elements and the inclusion of other age groups, it is advisable to carry out further complex tests, as the TOCA Football System offers many research opportunities.

Chondral lesion of the patella in a junior football player: chondral-only fragment fixation

Chondral lesions of the patella are a relatively common pathology that can cause pain and impairment in active young individuals. These lesions can have lifelong consequences, with increased risk of osteoarthritis in some cases. Surgical excision of medium to large fragments is associated with poor long-term outcomes. There is a general belief that fixation of purely chondral lesions in the absences of subchondral bone is associated with low integration rates, however recent case reports and basic science studies have been challenging this belief. In this case report, we describe a young patient with a chondral lesion of the patella and a fragment without subchondral bone, who underwent open fragment reduction and fixation using bioabsorbable pins. The patient had a successful outcome with significant fast improvement in pain and function and full return to practice. This case highlights the potential benefits of conservative surgical management with preservation of the native cartilage, even in the absence of subchondral bone, especially in the young active patient.

The Effect of Acceleration and Skill Training on Developing Strength Endurance in Junior Football

The aim of the search is to:1- Preparing acceleration and skill exercises for young footballers in the province of Babylon2- Recognizing the effect of exercises with acceleration and skill in developing strength endurance for juniors in football in the province of Babil. The researcher used the experimental method for equal groups. The researcher chose a sample of his research from the players in the Mahaweel Youth Forum in the province of Babylon for the season (2019-2020) and (n = 14) players. The sample was divided into two groups, control and experimental (n = 7), and the exercises took (6) ) weeks and by three training units per week, and the researcher used the following statistical methods (median, interquartile deviation, chi-square, Spearman, skew coefficient, Mann Whitney, and Wollcoxen, arithmetic mean)Among the most important conclusions reached by the researcher:1- The use of acceleration exercises had a positive effect in developing strength endurance for young players.The researcher reached the most important recommendations:1- Emphasis on the introduction of the proposed exercises in the training programs for young players 02- Take advantage of the levels reached by the research sample members (the experimental group) and continue training to prepare players and prepare them for the future to participate in internal and external tournaments.

Determine the basic anthropometric standards and levels for the selection of young soccer goalkeepers

The research aims to find the standard grades and levels of the basic anthropometric measurements for the selection of junior football goalkeepers among the members of the research sample. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach in the survey method for its suitability to the nature of the problem as the most appropriate and easiest methodology to achieve the objectives of the study. The entire origin community, which makes the research more accurate and sober and gives reliable results with their validity and objectivity, As the researcher determined a set of tests according to the opinions of experts and specialists, as well as his acquaintance with the scientific literature for the tests and measurement, and after that the researcher collected and differentiated data in order to calculate the degree of each component, by determining the percentage of each according to its scientific basis, and the bag SPSS for data processing purposeAfter treating the test results statistically, the arithmetic means and their standard deviations were extracted by choosing the method of distributing (Gaussian curve) the T degree (T). Physical and sport sciences, as well as the researcher's use of the standard score modified by the sequential method as one of the standard methods for evaluating the numbers scored by goalkeepersNote that its values range from (100 - zero), i.e. from the highest to the lowest, and then present the arithmetic means, standard deviations, and standard levels of the results of the basic measurements of the subject of the study, and put them in tables and then analyze and discuss them in an accurate scientific manner supported by solid scientific sources, and through the results The statistical results obtained by the study in achieving the objectives of the selection and evaluation based on the standard scores and levels reached by the researcher gave conclusions and recommendations. Note that its values range from (100 - zero), i.e. from the highest to the lowest, and then present the arithmetic means, standard deviations, and standard levels of the results of the basic measurements of the subject of the study, and put them in tables and then analyze and discuss them in an accurate scientific manner supported by solid scientific sources, and through the results The statistical results obtained by the study in achieving the objectives of the selection and evaluation based on the standard scores and levels reached by the researcher gave conclusions and recommendations.

Job satisfaction in terms of leadership practices for workers in the directorates of sports and school activities in Baghdad

The researcher dealt with job satisfaction among leaders working in the directorates of sports and school activity in Baghdad schools by using the job satisfaction measure compared to the practices they perform during career work. 1. The most important physical and skill determinants as an indicator for selecting junior football players in Baghdad. 2. Establishing standards and setting standards for basic football skills for young players in Baghdad. Conclusions and recommendations: - This chapter includes a set of conclusions reached by the researcher, the most prominent of which are: Extracting four skill factors and the second factor was neglected for not meeting the conditions for accepting the worker The skill factors extracted are: The first factor: the roll factor and the accuracy of scoring. The third factor: the rolling factor. The fourth factor: handling factor. 2- The skill determinants learned can be used in selecting the emerging football players. As for the most important recommendations, they were: The necessity to use the standard skill scores that were obtained for selection, follow-up and evaluation to stand on the real level of players for this category.

The effect of exercises Symmetrical to the brain in developing skills attack for junior footballers

&#x0D; The world today is witnessing a continuous development that cannot be comprehended by learning programs and methods, which necessitates the existence of programs that enable the learner to develop motor skills in order to develop his capabilities and capabilities . The experimental method was used, with the design of the two equal experimental groups, on a sample of (20) juniors who were randomly selected from among the football school players at the age of (15) years for the sports season 2022/2023. Simulation is of great importance in developing skills attack for junior footballers, and researchers have recommended the use of exercises specific Symmetrical to the brain in developing skills attack for junior footballers.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Self-Reported Menstrual Health, Symptomatology, and Perceived Effects of the Menstrual Cycle for Elite Junior and Senior Football Players.

To describe the self-reported menstrual health, symptomatology, and perceived effects of the menstrual cycle on athletic performance for national and international Australian football (soccer) players. Players from national and domestic teams were invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding menstrual health, use ofhormonal contraceptives (HCs), negative symptomatology, and perceived disruption of the menstrual cycle to performance. Descriptive statistics and binomial regressions with odds ratios (OR) were used to report the relationship of menstrual-related variables with perceived performance disruption. A total of 199 players (20.9 [5.1]y) completed the questionnaire, with 18% of players reporting using HCs. One primary amenorrhea case was detected, and 26% of players reported menarche at age ≥15years. For non-HC users, the prevalence of secondary amenorrhea was 2%, oligomenorrhea was 19%, and heavy menstrual bleeding was 11%. Ninety-seven percent of players reported experiencing physical or affective menstrual symptoms (5 [1.3] per player), and 40% of all players reported that menstrual symptoms impacted their ability to work, study, train, or compete. Furthermore, 40% of players perceived their training or performance to be disrupted by the menstrual cycle. Increasing number of menstrual symptoms (OR = 1.43; 95% CI, 1.28-1.62; P < .001), heavy menstrual bleeding (OR = 12.73; 95% CI, 3.4-82.8; P < .001), and pelvic pain (OR = 3.40; 95% CI, 1.7-7.2; P < .001) increased the likelihood of perceiving the menstrual cycle to disrupt performance. Heavy menstrual bleeding and HC use were low among this cohort of national and international footballers, whereas amenorrhea and oligomenorrhoea were comparable with other football populations. Nearly all players reported menstrual symptoms, and increased symptomatology was associated with greater perceived effects on performance.

Preliminary study on the efficient use of means for finishing actions in junior football

Preliminary study on the efficient use of means for finishing actions in junior football

Impact of Biodex systems equipment in prevention of ankle joint instability in junior footballers

Background: The aim of this study was to identify differences in impact in the prevention of second-degree ankle sprain recurrence, more precisely agonist-antagonist muscle rebalance, recovery of proprioception junior footballers will have a different impact on patients undergoing rehabilitation program with the help of Biodex 4 Pro and Biodex balance compared to those who perform physical therapy using classical exercise programs. (2) Methods: the study included 30 subjects divided into two equal groups according to the agreement to practice modern exercise programs and soccer-specific exercises: the experimental group which performed exercises through Biodex 4 pro and biodex balance and the control group which performed classical exercises. Part evaluations included: Biodex balance for a range of stability assessments and the PodoSmart device for running assessment. (3) Results: Analyzing the data of the present scientific research, it can be concluded that the athletes belonging to experimental group 1, for which the intervention was carried out using modern means, did not register any recurrence at the level of the ankle, compared to the athletes included in the experimental group 2 for which the intervention was carried out with the help of classic means of recovery and which recorded an average of 1.46 recurrences (sprains) at the level of the ankle.(4) Conclusion: The study has shown that the Biodex System 4 Pro and Biodex Balance (together with the other modern therapies mentioned in the current paper) are very helpful in the recovery process.

Evaluating the impact of a coach development intervention for improving coaching practices and player outcomes in football: the MASTER Coaching randomised control trial

ABSTRACT Background There is a growing body of evidence showing the benefits to coaches and players in adopting a game-based pedagogical approach. Whilst the evidence in support of a game-based pedagogy continues to rise it is acknowledged that the complex art form of coaching is a uniquely personal one, where the coach may draw on previous first-hand experiences and traditional coaching practices regarding training methods rather than the use of current evidence-based best practice techniques. Purpose The aim of this randomised control trial was to evaluate the impact of a coach development intervention (MASTER) on game-based coaching practices of football coaches. Methods Four clubs were recruited, and 20 coaches were randomised to two groups, MASTER intervention (n = 10) and 10 usual practice (waitlist, n = 10); NSW Australia) which included 200 junior footballers (aged 8–16years). Intervention coaches participated in an 8-week multi-component intervention (which included a coach education workshop focused on positive game-based pedagogy, mentoring, peer evaluations and an online discussion forum) underpinned by positive coaching and game-based coaching practices. Pre- and post-intervention assessments occurred at baseline and 10 weeks. The primary aim was to investigate if the MASTER intervention could increase playing form (PF) and active learning time within training sessions. Three coaching sessions per coach were filmed at baseline and follow-up and assessed using the MASTER assessment tool. Secondary aims investigation included coach confidence and competence to coach (assessed by questionnaire), player game play and decision making (videoed during structured game play using a Game Performance Assessment Instrument), a range of player well-being measures including enjoyment, self-perception, and various motivations (questionnaire) and the parent’s perception of their child’s enjoyment was assessed by the completion of a questionnaire. Intervention effects were analysed using linear mixed models. Findings Significant effects were found for the primary outcome which was the percentage of training time devoted to playing-form activities (22.63%; 95% CI 9.07–36.19; P = 0.002, d = 1.78). No significant effect was observed for ALT. Significant interventions effects were also observed for the secondary outcomes of coach perceptions of confidence and confidence; player game skills including defence, support and decision making, wellbeing, physical self-perceptions, enjoyment, learning and performance orientations and motivation; and parent’s perception of child’s enjoyment (P < 0.05). Conclusions The MASTER programme was effective in improving game-based coaching practices of football coaches during training sessions, and in facilitating improvements in multiple coach and player outcomes.

The impact of Surya Namaskar exercise on agility performance among residential junior football players

The impact of Surya Namaskar exercise on agility performance among residential junior football players

Prepare to fail or failing to prepare? Acute performance after the 11+ with and without strength exercises

ObjectivesThe 11+ is an effective injury prevention warm-up programme but is often poorly adopted in practice. One reason for low compliance is the claim that the strength training part of...

What injuries are sustained by junior community-level football players? surveillance of an Australian junior football league.

What injuries are sustained by junior community-level football players? surveillance of an Australian junior football league.

Virtual Reality to Promoting Sports Engagement and Some Technical skills in Junior Football Athletes: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: Nowadays, the implemenatation of technology shows enhancement in sports such as VR. However, the effectiveness of VR in increasing the level of sports engagement and technical skills in football athletes still need to be studied further, which is the gap in this study. This study aims to identify the effect of VR on increasing the level of sports engagement and technical skills in junior football athletes. Methods: This study adopted a randomized control trial for 12 weeks. Forty male athletes from Yogyakarta State University (Indonesia) were involved in this study. Sports engagement was measured with Sport Engagement Scale and technical skills through shooting and passing tests. The Mann–Whitney U test is used to test the difference in values for each variable. Results: The main findings showed that VR increased the level of sports engagement (p&lt;0.05) and technical skills (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Thus, this study highlights the importance of VR in football and it was proven that VR contibuted a positive power to change the level of sports engagement and technical skills. Keywords: Athlete performance, sport technology, competitive sport

Football for development, an arena for imperial hierarchies? Racism, the ‘white colonial frame’, and junior football in Belgium

ABSTRACT This article seeks to critically examine the paradoxical coexistence of social benefits and the perpetuation of racism in Belgian club-organised junior football. In doing so, this article begins by providing a literature review of racism in junior football and describes the social, historical, and political context in which the research is taking place. Subsequently, we draw on 15 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in Belgian club-organised football about their personal experiences with racism to examine attitudes towards race, manifestations of racism, and its formative aspect. Based on the analyses, the article argues that the “white colonial frame” serves as a dominant attitude towards race in Belgian club-organised football. Ultimately, this cultural place does not inherently entail social progression or transformation, rather it reinscribes the dominant racial frame and sustains a status quo. Social progression seems only achievable through the decolonisation of ideologies and reform of social norms.

Financial burden of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions in football (soccer) players: an Australian cost of injury study

ObjectivesTo estimate the financial burden of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in amateur football (soccer) players in Australia over a single year, including both direct and indirect cost.MethodsAvailable national direct...

Effects of Life Kinetic and Brain Gym Training Models On Working Memory and Concentration of Football Athletes

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of Life Kinetic and Brain Gym training models on working memory and concentration of junior football athletes and to examine the more effective training model, the Life Kinetic or Brain Gym training models, to improve working memory and concentration of junior football athletes. In this study, the researcher used a quantitative research using the true experiment and the pre-test and post-test two treatment design. The population of this study were all students of Saswco Bandung U-13 Football School, totalling of 26 people. The samples were selected using total sampling technique. Respondents were given the Life Kinetic and Brain Gym training models 3 times a week, carried out for 4 weeks. The instrument for measuring working memory was The Digit Memory Test, while the instrument for measuring concentration was The Amazing 1 to 50. The hypothesis testing analysis technique used was the Multivariate test. The results of the research for the Life Kinetic and Brain Gym training models on working memory and concentration was sig. 0.000 0.05, while the between-subjects effect test value was Sig. 0.000 0.05. It shows that there was a difference between Life Kinetic and Brain Gym training on working memory and concentration of junior football athletes. In conclusion, the Life Kinetic and Brain Gym training models can improve working memory and concentration of junior football athletes. Life Kinetic training had a better effect than Brain Gym training on working memory and concentration of junior football athletes. It is suggested that further research should recall information more specifically during matches and practices of football games by simplifying Life Kinetic and Brain Gym Exercises.