Junction Of Sciences Research Articles

Ұлы Жібек жолында кездесетін кейбір этнонимдердің этимологиясы

The article examines the etymology of some ethnonyms found on the Great Silk Road. A partial etymological analysis is made of the names (ethnonyms) of the Ulus, the country located along the Great Silk Road. The analyzes made information about the tribes of that time. It is believed that some of the ethnonyms here have been preserved to this day, some have been called differently, and some have not reached our time. It is known from history that the Great Silk Road passed through many countries, tribes, and peoples. The countries located along the Silk Road conducted trade through the Silk Road, and one was responsible for the security of the caravan routes. The history and etymology of the ethnonyms Avar, Karluk, Kurykan, Kyrgyz, China, On ok, Sogdy, Tabgach, Tangut, Tatar, Tuput, Turgesh, Urum, Chigil are shown and described. It is known that any name, whether it is a toponym or an ethnonym, is based on a special sign. The peculiarity of each name was related to their profession. The Chinese ethnonym, like many other ethnonyms, is said to have been imposed on the country from outside. It is argued that it is an ethnonym formed on behalf of the Qidan tribe of Mongolian origin, which conquered Northern China and founded the Liao state in the X-XI centuries. It is said that the influence of merchants who traded with the state of Khytan/Kidan had a lot of influence on the widespread spread of this name to Europe and Russia. It is known from history that the Great Silk Road was created for the trade of silk fabrics produced in secret by the Chinese. Although the main road runs in the direction of China - Central Asia - Byzantium - Iran - Europe, it is now known that it has many branches that spread in all directions. The article was written within the target program project approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan BR10965370 «Study of the historical toponymy of the Great Silk Road at the junction of sciences».

DETERMINATION OF FORECAST INDICATORS OF ELECTRICITY QUALITY IN MODE OF SYNCHRONIZED VECTOR MEASUREMENTS

The work is devoted to the development of software for forecasting the quality of electricity in an automated system for diagnosing the quality of electricity consumers using cloud technologies. The existing domestic and foreign methods for monitoring the quality of electricity using the technology of synchronized vector measurements are analyzed. The structural scheme of the technology of diagnostics of electricity quality as a new direction at the junction of sciences – information technologies and energy is developed. Based on the experimental data of electricity quality indicators obtained from the synchrophasor, an array of data (dataset) was formed for further processing. Two statistical methods were chosen to study the data and forecast the indicators of electricity quality – the nearest neighbors and ridge regression. With the help of standard Phyton programming language libraries, reading and primary data processing, plotting, statistical processing and implementation of forecasting models were performed. The analysis of the obtained forecast graphs is performed and it is concluded that according to the normalized data the accuracy of the Ridge regression model is higher by 10-15%. The WEB-interface of the system for interactive interaction and visualization of indicators with the output of tables and graphs for analysis, graphical representation and display of the results of diagnostics of electricity quality is designed and developed.

ФЕНОМЕН НАТОВПУ ЯК ТЕКСТ І ДИСКУРС

The article is devoted to the research of crowd as a text and discourse object and the definition of discourse parameters of crowd. The author compares the formulation of conception about crowd as text and discourse with the formation of anthropocentric paradigm in linguistics that was developing from text and linguistic identity to discourse and discourse identity/community. Projecting the results of scientific researches of XIX-XX centuries (works by G. Le Bon, E. Canetti, T. Tarde, S. Freud ect.) onto linguistic sphere, the author makes a conclusion that the crowd phenomenon was reviewed in the text dimension with the following characteristics: hyper- and intertextuality, inculcation of ideas through such factors as race, beliefs, traditions, time, education and upbringing: the transmission of the key codes by word-concepts that have conclusive sense (FREEDOM, EQUAILITY, FAMILY VALUES ect.); the usage of suggestive means to encourage crowd for some specific actions, ect. The transformation of text-crowd to discourse-crowd begins with the globalization of mass movements. For researching the crowd as a discourse, the pressing approaches of critical discourse analysis are the research of "authority in discourse and authority over discourse"; discourse is ideologically colored and built into specific culture, ideology or history; discourse is a form of social conduct. The research of the crowd as a discourse has to be carried out in marginal dimension in the junction of sciences – linguistics, psychology, sociology and jurisprudence. Critical discourse analysis as a scientific approach combines the approaches of different sciences and makes it possible not only to study crowd in discourse dimension but also to foresee possible proactive means to define narratives, messages, concepts that allow to organize social conduct to the crowd peacefully.

Гумбольдт, натурфилософия и университет как универсум

The article analyzes the scientific career of Alexander von Humboldt. The scien­tist researched the junction of science and philosophy, set up experiments to study organic life, testing his theory of “life force”. The result of his work was the essay “On irritated muscle and nerve fiber”. The philosophical essay “Life-Force, or the Genius of Rhodes” reveals Humboldt's literary talent. In this essay, in literary form, the problem of “life force” and understanding the essence of life was raised. And it’s not by chance, since Humboldt’s texts have a complete aes­thetic character, which allowed him as a scientist to capture life itself as the phe­nomena of nature. Being and nature, according to the scientist, are not divided into separate parts and their separation is purely objective, while nature itself is one unit. This understanding of the integrity of nature (including humans) is also at the heart of the project of the model of university education, which he and his brother Wilhelm von Humboldt founded in Berlin and whose main principle was the unity of basic research and teaching. Subsequently, such an attitude allowed universities to simultaneously become scientific centers of their country, per­forming, among other things, state tasks. The article notes that Humboldt’s sci­entific research was highly appreciated not only by his contemporaries philoso­phers but also by writers, such as Goethe and Schiller.

Diachronic evolution of the language

The modern stage of the development of linguistics is characterized by the fact that linguistic scientists are increasingly turning their attention to the historical and historical typological problems of language, primarily due to the need to create a theory that would have a more powerful explant power compared to a clearly limited time frame a synchronous approach to the identification of nature, forms of existence, and even the very essence of linguistic phenomena and processes. The current practice of carrying out linguistic analysis with all conviction showed that the synchronous approach itself, taken in isolation from the diachronic one, was unable to provide an adequate explanation for the facts of various structural and semantic transformations in the language in general, its peripheral and relic phenomena, in particular. The human language is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon, the study of which calls for the application of methods for the analysis of other sciences, since only at the "junction of sciences" one can obtain a new knowledge of the real essence of the object under study. The main focus of research is focused on highlighting the possibility of applying an interdisciplinary (and broader – transdisciplinary) approach to investigating evolutionary processes in the language; substantiation of evolutionary linguistic synergetics in the special direction of philological studiеs; determining the prospects for further scientific research of the system of language in diachrony.

The nexus between science and industry: evidence from faculty inventions

Knowledge transfer from science to industry has been shown to be beneficial for the corporate partner. In order to get a better understanding of the reasons behind these positive effects, this study focuses on the junction of science and industry by comparing characteristics of academic inventions that are transferred to industry and those staying in the public sector. Academic inventions are identified via patent applications of German academic scientists. We find that academic patents assigned to corporations are more likely to enable firms reaping short term rather than, possibly more uncertain, long-run returns, in contrast to patents that stay in the public sector. Firms also strive for academic inventions with a high blocking potential in technology markets. Academic patents issued to corporations appear to reflect less complex inventions as compared to inventions that are patented by the public science sector.

La science des nuages : entre représentation artistique et phénomène météorologique

The Science of Clouds : Between Artistic Representation and Meteorological Phenomenon The cloud motif appears throughout the history of European painting. The present article is a study of the significance of clouds in 19th-century painting and more precisely in John Constable’s work, during a period of a growing interest in meteorology, at the time of its beginnings. As weather-related observations became more and more frequent, artists such as Constable participated in the phenomenon in which society as a whole developed a passion for weather reports. He was thus a pioneer and especially a paragon of a larger movement at the junction of science, philosophy and aesthetics. Indeed, a deliberate combination of picturesque rendering and objective representation associated to depict real weather phenomena can be observed in his work. The painter was familiar with Luke Howard’s classification (Essay on the Modifications of Clouds, 1803) either first or second hand. Moreover he owned an edition by the astronomer Thomas Forster (Researches about Atmospheric Phenomena, 1812) which he had annotated himself. It is therefore the authors’ goal to reconsider the work of this painter who hoped to create “a natural history of skies” by studying his paintings within the context of the rising science of meteorology during the 19th century.

The Nexus between Science and Industry: Evidence From Faculty Inventions

Knowledge transfer from science to industry has been shown to be beneficial for the corporate partner. In order to get a better understanding of the reasons behind these positive effects, this study focuses on the junction of science and industry by comparing characteristics of academic inventions that are transferred to industry and those staying in the public sector. Academic inventions are identified via patent applications of German academic scientists. We find that academic patents assigned to corporations are more likely to enable firms reaping short term rather than, possibly more uncertain, long-run returns, in contrast to patents that stay in the public sector. Firms also strive for academic inventions with a high blocking potential in technology markets. Academic patents issued to corporations appear to reflect less complex inventions as compared to inventions that are patented by the public science sector.

Hasard ou mémoire dans la découverte de la radioactivité ?/Chance or memory in the discovery of radio-activity ?

SUMMARY. — The authors try to gather and compare accounts that were published, mainly in french, of experiments performed by Henri Becquerel in 1896. They examine how a tradition was born and how the interpretation that favors chance in Becquerel's scientific discovery was established. They wonder why an event, which has never been completely forgotten, did not fit the traditional interpretation. Here they mean the observation of the radiation of uranium, made forty years earlier by Niepce de Saint-Victor and supervised by the chemist Chevreul, which was widely remembered as far back as 1896 in scientific, didactic, and popular publications. What are the reasons for thinking that memory played a greater part than chance in determining the choices that led Becquerel on the road to discovery ? The authors bring to the fore the complex relationships that led to the discovery of radioactivity, especially in the field of researches on photography, which was a major concern of both chemists and physicists in the nineteenth century and which lay at the junction of science and technology.

The many dimensions of scientific responsibility

In the debates at the junction of science and society, let us heed James Franck's advice to be ‘very certain we really know this little’