Jumping Tasks Research Articles

Effect of Heading a Soccer Ball as an External Focus During a Drop Vertical Jump Task.

Research has demonstrated that performing a secondary task during a drop vertical jump (DVJ) may affect landing kinetics and kinematics. To examine the differences in the trunk and lower extremity biomechanics associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk factors between a standard DVJ and a DVJ while heading a soccer ball (header DVJ). Descriptive laboratory study. Participants comprised 24 college-level soccer players (18 female and 6 male; mean ± SD age, 20.04 ± 1.12 years; height, 165.75 ± 7.25 cm; weight, 60.95 ± 8.47 kg). Each participant completed a standard DVJ and a header DVJ, and biomechanics were recorded using an electromagnetic tracking system and force plate. The difference (Δ) in 3-dimensional trunk, hip, knee, and ankle biomechanics between the tasks was analyzed. In addition, for each biomechanical variable, the correlation between the data from the 2 tasks was calculated. Compared to the standard DVJ, performing the header DVJ led to significantly reduced peak knee flexion angle (Δ = 5.35°; P = .002), knee flexion displacement (Δ = 3.89°; P = .015), hip flexion angle at initial contact (Δ = -2.84°; P = .001), peak trunk flexion angle (Δ = 13.11°; P = .006), and center of mass vertical displacement (Δ = -0.02m; P = .010), and increased peak anterior tibial shear force (Δ = -0.72 N/kg; P = .020), trunk lateral flexion angle at initial contact (Δ = 1.55°; P < .0001), peak trunk lateral flexion angle (Δ = 1.34°; P = .003), knee joint stiffness (Δ = 0.002 N*m/kg/deg; P = .017), and leg stiffness (Δ = 8.46 N/kg/m; P = .046) compared to those in standard DVJs. In addition, individuals' data for these variables were highly and positively correlated between conditions (r = 0.632-0.908; P < .001). The header DVJ task showed kinetic and kinematic parameters that suggested increased risk of ACL injury as compared with the standard DVJ task. Athletes may benefit from acquiring the ability to safely perform header DVJs to prevent ACL injury. To simulate real-time competition situations, coaches and athletic trainers should incorporate such dual tasks in ACL injury prevention programs.

Using trunk kinematics to predict kinetic asymmetries during double-leg jump-landings in collegiate athletes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

BackgroundBilateral vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and knee extension moment asymmetries are commonly observed during jumping and landing tasks following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions (ACLR) in collegiate athletes. Kinetic asymmetries during landings are associated with increased ACL re-injury risk. Efforts have been made to predict bilateral kinetic asymmetries using trunk kinematics during squats but not during jump-landings. Research questionTo determine the correlations between trunk kinematics (medial-lateral shoulder positions, medial-lateral hip positions, and lateral trunk bending angles) and bilateral kinetic asymmetries (VGRF and knee extension moments) during double-leg jump-landings in collegiate athletes following ACLR. MethodsFifteen National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes who had ACLR in the past 24 months participated. Eleven of them performed two assessments over the study period for a total of 26 assessments for data analyses. Athletes performed three double-leg countermovement jumps. Kinematics and kinetics data were collected. Medial-lateral shoulder and hip positions relative to ankle positions, lateral trunk bending angles, and kinetic asymmetries were calculated during the jumping (the lowest hip position until takeoff) and landing (the first 100 ms after initial contact) phases. ResultsMedial-lateral shoulder positions correlated with VGRF (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) and knee moment asymmetries (r = 0.53, p = 0.006) in the jumping phase. Medial-lateral hip positions correlated with VGRF (r = 0.61, p < 0.001; r = 0.52, p = 0.006) and knee moment asymmetries (r = 0.55, p = 0.004; r = 0.61, p < 0.001) in both jumping and landing phases. SignificanceMedial-lateral hip positions correlated with kinetic asymmetries during double-leg jump-landings in collegiate athletes following ACLR. A 2D assessment using a standard video camera might be used as a low-cost and clinically applicable tool to assess bilateral kinetic asymmetries by quantifying medial-lateral hip positions during jump-landings following ACLR.

The development of PISA-like problems using immunity context during pandemic

The quality of education in Indonesia has yet to be able to balance the importance of mathematical literacy. It can be seen from the OECD's data that a mathematical literacy achievement score of 379 shows that the literacy ability of Indonesian students is still low. This research aimed to develop PISA-like problems that are valid and practical and potentially affect mathematical literacy skills using the context of immunity during a pandemic. This research used the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model in small group and field test stages. The subjects in this study were eighth-grade students aged 13-15. The data were analyzed qualitatively through observations, interviews, and tests. This study produces one unit of sharing task and jumping task and three evaluation problems with characteristics of the content used, name change and relationship, and personal and social contexts. Levels by the framework PISA 2022, namely levels 3, 4, and 5, are process competence and mathematical literacy skills. Using language following language standards can be understood and interpreted well by students. Thus, this research produces the developed PISA-like problems that are valid and practical and potentially affect mathematical literacy skills and life skills in dealing with the pandemic.

Construct Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of Hip Load Compared With Playerload During Football-Specific Running, Kicking, and Jumping Tasks.

To determine the test-retest reliability of the recently developed Hip Load metric, evaluate its construct validity, and assess the differences with Playerload during football-specific short-distance shuttle runs. Eleven amateur football players participated in 2 identical experimental sessions. Each session included 3 different shuttle runs that were performed at 2 pace-controlled running intensities. The runs consisted of only running, running combined with kicks, and running combined with jumps. Cumulative Playerload and Hip Loads of the preferred and nonpreferred kicking leg were collected for each shuttle run. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlations, coefficients of variation, and Bland-Altman analyses. To compare the load metrics with each other, they were normalized to their respective values obtained during a 54-m run at 9km/h. Sensitivity of each load metric to running intensity, kicks, and jumps was assessed using separate linear mixed models. Intraclass correlations were high for the Hip Loads of the preferred kicking leg (.91) and the nonpreferred kicking leg (.96) and moderate for the Playerload (.87). The effects (95% CIs) of intensity and kicks on the normalized Hip Load of the kicking leg (intensity: 0.95 to 1.50, kicks: 0.36 to 1.59) and nonkicking leg (intensity: 0.96 to 1.53, kicks: 0.06 to 1.34) were larger than on the normalized Playerload (intensity: 0.12 to 0.25, kicks: 0.22 to 0.53). The inclusion of Hip Load in training load quantification may help sport practitioners to better balance load and recovery.

Development of PISA-like Activities using the Inquiry-based Learning Model and the Context of Religious Holidays during the Pandemic

This research aims to develop a PISA-type content quantity that uses the context of religious holidays during the pandemic that is valid, practical, and potentially affects mathematical literacy skills. This research uses development research with two stages: preliminary and formative evaluation. This research also uses Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model in the learning process. This study involved eighth-grade students aged 13-15 years of various abilities. Data collection and analysis techniques were documentation, walkthroughs, observation, interviews, and tests. The research was carried out offline and online (Zoom and WhatsApp Group (WAG)). In this study, sharing activities were produced as well as a PISA-type jumping task with content quantity characteristics in the context of religious holiday during the pandemic by the PISA 2022 framework where what needs to be considered are mathematical literacy skills and use of language that is by language standards that can be applied and well interpreted by the students. Based on the students' answers, it can be seen that the questions and activities are included in the practical category because they can be solved well by students. From the results, it can be concluded that the developed PISA-like numeracy and activity has a potential effect on mathematical literacy skills and life in the context of religious days during the pandemic. In addition, IBL model can improve students' communication skills in solving PISA-type math problems and activities.

Analysis of limb kinetic asymmetry during a drop vertical jump in adolescents post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Limb asymmetry after ACL reconstruction is often cited as a risk factor for ACL reinjury. We assessed ground reaction forces on each limb during a drop vertical jump, and compared kinetic symmetry between limbs in adolescents post-ACL reconstruction versus healthy controls. Forty-four participants who underwent an ACL reconstruction (16 male/28 female, mean age 16.1±1.5, mean 7.3±0.9months post-ACL reconstruction) and 34 controls (20 male/14 female, mean age 14.9±1.1) completed a drop vertical jump captured on a Vicon system and Bertec force plates. Kinetic variables were calculated individually for each limb. Inter-limb asymmetry was calculated as an index between each limb (involved versus uninvolved for the ACL reconstruction group, and left versus right for controls), and was compared between groups using independent t-tests. Asymmetry was significantly more pronounced in the ACL reconstruction group versus the controls for peak contact ground reaction force (11.6% vs 4.4%, p=0.009), eccentric impulse (8.8% vs 3.8%, p=0.009), eccentric mean force (8.0% vs 3.4%, p=0.006), concentric peak ground reaction force (4.1% vs 0.8%, p=0.003), concentric impulse (5.1% vs 1.1%, p=0.001), and peak landing ground reaction force (12.7% vs 1.7%, p<0.001). Limb kinetic asymmetry during a drop vertical jump was more pronounced in adolescents post-ACL reconstruction versus controls for both eccentric- and concentric-phase variables, which may indicate the use of compensatory strategies to offload the post-operative limb. Targeted interventions to produce more symmetric loading and unloading during jumping tasks should be developed, tested, and monitored to determine the impact on rehabilitation programs, return-to-sport evaluations, and injury prevention outcomes.

Differences In Lower-extremity Muscle Activation Patterns During Anticipated Or Unanticipated Single-leg Drop Jump Tasks

PURPOSE: To examine the muscle activation patterns of the lower-extremity during an anticipated or unanticipated single-leg drop jump task. METHODS: Surface electromyography (EMG, 1,500 Hz) was collected from 17 healthy young male subjects (173 cm; 72 kg), including gluteus medius (GM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), semitendinosus (ST), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and medial gastrocnemius (MG) on the dominant leg. Subjects were asked to drop down from a wooden box with a height of 40-cm with their dominant leg (landing), then immediately jump as high as possible (jumping). For the anticipated condition, subjects were informed of the drop jump task prior to the initial drop. For the unanticipated condition, the specific task was visually shown on the light-emitting diode screen (upwards or downwards arrow for jumping or landing, respectively), which triggered by the infrared sensor when a subject’s foot was sensed prior to initial contact (average time from sensor to initial contact: 48-ms). The data during unanticipated jumping were selectively compared to those during anticipated jumping. Time of muscle onset (time to reach 8% of peak amplitude) and time to peak amplitude were identified during the pre-contact phase (before initial contact: BIC) and the post-contact phase (after initial contact: AIC), and then analysed through t-tests (p < 0.05) and Cohen’s d effect size (d). RESULTS: Time of muscle onset of the BF (t = -2.21, p = 0.03) and TA (t = -2.76, p = 0.01) were different. Specifically, onset of the BF (116-ms BIC, d = 0.45) and TA (174-ms BIC, d = 0.56) was faster in the anticipated than the unanticipated condition (BF: 54-ms BIC; TA: 118-ms BIC). Time to peak amplitude of the GM (t = -2.51, p = 0.01), VM (t = -2.33, p = 0.02), ST (t = -2.01, p = 0.05), and BF (t = -2.69, p = 0.01) were different. Specifically, time to peak of the GM (350-ms AIC, d = 0.52), VM (365-ms AIC, d = 0.47), ST (374-ms AIC, d = 0.41), and BF (454-ms AIC, d = 0.54) was faster in the anticipated than unanticipated (GM: 439-ms AIC; VM: 451-ms AIC; ST: 472-ms AIC; BF: 646-ms AIC). CONCLUSIONS: When the task was unanticipated (between either landing or jumping after a drop landing from a 40-cm), the onset of the BF and TA were delayed during pre-contact while the GM, VM, ST, and BF were delayed reaching the peak amplitude during the post-contact phase.

Are fifth-grade students in elementary school during the COVID-19 pandemic in need of a jumping task-based worksheet to aid in the development of their knowledge? A needs analysis explained

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the education process to be conducted online to avoid face-to-face education patterns. During the pandemic, however, many schools are still failing and experiencing the ineffectiveness of online learning systems. The urgency is that if this condition is not addressed and continues, students may experience a loss of learning, resulting in a lack of enthusiasm to learn at school and, as a result, a decline in cognitive testing results. During the pandemic, learning at the SD Karya Penggawa area, Pesisir Barat Lampung, was less effective, resulting in low student cognitive assessment outcomes. The goal of this study was to assess the need for LKPD development using HOTS-based LKPD Jumping Tasks (High Order Thinking Skills). The method used was a qualitative descriptive research method by conducting a needs analysis. Research data were obtained from interviews and questionnaires. Needs analysis questionnaires were given to teachers and grade 5 students in the Elementary Schools of the Karya Penggawa area. The results of the study revealed that the development of HOTS-based LKPDs needed to be carried out in SD Karya Penggawa areas because students wanted more attractive LKPDs to prevent loss of learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Besides, it was also revealed that teachers wanted training on the implementation of LKPD jumping tasks to improve the quality of learning.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI SHARING TASK DAN JUMPING TASK DALAM LESSON STUDY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SMA

ABSTRACT: The lack of student learning activities has an effect on the low learning outcomes. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of sharing task and jumping task to learning result and advantages and disadvantages of sharing task and jumping task. The sample in this study X IPA.4 experimental class and X IPA.1 control class. Quasi experimental research method with posttest-only control design. Analysis of quantitative data using two difference test of average at 5% significance level obtained tcount (1,6999)&gt; ttabel (1,682). The use of sharing task and jumping task has an effect on student learning outcomes. It can be suggested for teachers to apply the task sharing strategy and jumping task to learning activitiesKeywords: Sharing Task and Jumping Task, Lesson Study, Learning Outcomes.

Differences in Lower Extremity Kinematics Based On Drop Vertical Jump Task Variations

Background: More advanced measures of movement quality may be necessary to better estimate return-to-play readiness. This emphasizes the need for a standardized motion analysis protocol to capture patients’ biomechanics during dynamic tasks, such as the drop vertical jump (DVJ). Given that the DVJ elicits a dynamic, game-like movement, it is commonly used in return-to-play functional testing and injury-risk research. However, the task procedure is not consistent across treatment and/or research centers. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether variations in jump distance, verbal instructions, or target use would influence mechanics during a DVJ task. Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects (7 female, aged 22.7±3.7 years) were asked to perform six DVJ tasks from a 31cm plyo-box. Lower extremity kinematics were collected during the first landing/takeoff phase. Three tasks varied by jump distance (distance from box to center of force plates): zero distance (DROP), one-third (THIRD) and one-half (HALF) subject height. Additional verbal instructions were provided for the DROP task. Specifically, subjects were asked to first “drop off the box onto the force plates” (DROP), and then to “slightly bend their knees to ‘pop-off’ the box with both feet at the same time” (POP). Lastly, a target was positioned above the force plates for the HALF (H-TAR). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to assess differences between tasks ( α=0.05). Results: At initial contact (IC), knee flexion increased in the DROP (24.0˚±18.4˚, p=0.011) and THIRD (16.3˚±7.9, p=0.005) compared to the HALF (12.0˚±6.8˚). During the landing phase, maximum hip flexion increased in the HALF (106.0˚±27.5˚) compared to the DROP (100.6˚±25.0˚, p=0.011). Average pelvic tilt decreased in the DROP (32.1˚±4.8) compared to both the POP (37.8˚±5.7˚, p=0.009) and THIRD (34.5˚±6.2˚, p=0.008). When using a target, knee flexion increased at IC during the H-TAR (H-TAR:18.8˚±8.8˚, HALF:12.0˚±6.8˚, p=0.004). Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of understanding movement strategies associated with different variations of the DVJ. Specifically, a shift in landing strategy was seen as box distance increased. Therefore, the DROP may be more appropriate early in rehabilitation given that maximum hip flexion was reduced. In contrast, the HALF may be more appropriate for return-to-sport testing given that patients would exhibit improved neuromuscular motor control. These findings also highlight the need for standardized instructions and task setup. While this pilot data was collected in young adults, future work will need to focus on evaluating these task variations in a youth population. [Table: see text]

Flexor digitorum brevis utilizes elastic strain energy to contribute to both work generation and energy absorption at the foot.

ABSTRACTThe central nervous system utilizes tendon compliance of the intrinsic foot muscles to aid the foot's arch spring, storing and returning energy in its tendinous tissues. Recently, the intrinsic foot muscles have been shown to adapt their energetic contributions during a variety of locomotor tasks to fulfil centre of mass work demands. However, the mechanism by which the small intrinsic foot muscles are able to make versatile energetic contributions remains unknown. Therefore, we examined the muscle–tendon dynamics of the flexor digitorum brevis during stepping, jumping and landing tasks to see whether the central nervous system regulates muscle activation magnitude and timing to enable energy storage and return to enhance energetic contributions. In step-ups and jumps, energy was stored in the tendinous tissue during arch compression; during arch recoil, the fascicles shortened at a slower rate than the tendinous tissues while the foot generated energy. In step-downs and landings, the tendinous tissues elongated more and at greater rates than the fascicles during arch compression while the foot absorbed energy. These results indicate that the central nervous system utilizes arch compression to store elastic energy in the tendinous tissues of the intrinsic foot muscles to add or remove mechanical energy when the body accelerates or decelerates. This study provides evidence for an adaptive mechanism to enable the foot's energetic versatility and further indicates the value of tendon compliance in distal lower limb muscle–tendon units in locomotion.

Inter-Limb Asymmetry of Leg Stiffness in National Second-League Basketball Players during Countermovement Jumps

Assessment of the inter-limb asymmetry of leg stiffness is carried out using one-legged jumping tasks. However, the level of asymmetry may vary depending on the performance on one or both lower limbs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the differences in leg stiffness between the dominant and non-dominant lower limb during a two-legged countermovement jump. The research was conducted on 35 s-league basketball players (body height: 1.90 ± 0.08 m, body mass: 81.9 ± 10 kg, age: 19.5 ± 1.7 years). Each participant performed three countermovement jumps with arm swing to the maximum height. Measurements employed a BTS SMART motion analysis system and two Kistler force plates. Statistically significant differences were found during the comparison of leg stiffness in the dominant and non-dominant lower limbs. Inter-limb asymmetry of leg stiffness reached 22.0% in the countermovement phase and 8.9% in the take-off phase. Significant inter-limb asymmetry of leg stiffness might lead to injury or considerably reduce the performance of athletes. Therefore, an important role is to conduct strength and speed-strength trainings with proper loads to both body sides. Coaches should pay more attention to similar lower limbs movement patterns during two-legged exercises and bilateral strength development.

Free Achilles tendon strain during selected rehabilitation, locomotor, jumping, and landing tasks

A better understanding of the strains experienced by the Achilles tendon during commonly prescribed exercises and locomotor tasks is needed to improve efficacy of Achilles tendon training and rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study was to estimate in vivo free Achilles tendon strain during selected rehabilitation, locomotor, jumping, and landing tasks. Sixteen trained runners with no symptoms of Achilles tendinopathy participated in this study. Personalised free Achilles tendon moment arm and force-strain curve were obtained from imaging data and used in conjunction with motion capture and surface electromyography to estimate free Achilles tendon strain using electromyogram-informed neuromusculoskeletal modelling. There was a strong correspondence between Achilles tendon force estimates from the present study and experimental data reported in the literature (R2 > 0.85). The average tendon strain was highest for maximal hop landing (8.8±1.6%), lowest for walking at 1.4 m/s (3.1±0.8%) and increased with locomotor speed during running (run 3.0 m/s: 6.5±1.6%; run 5.0 m/s: 7.9±1.7%) and during heel rise exercise with added mass (BW: 5.8±1.3%; 1.2 BW: 6.9±1.7%). The peak tendon strain was highest during running (5 m/s: 13.7±2.5%) and lowest during walking (1.4 m/s: 7±1.8%). Overall findings provide a preliminary evidence base for exercise selection to maximise anabolic tendon remodelling during training and rehabilitation of the Achilles tendon.

Corticomuscular Adaptations in the SingleLeg Jump Task in Response to Progressive Mechanical Perturbation Training in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency

Introduction: Studies have repeatedly discussed the importance of training with sufficient cognitive and sensory-motor challenges in successfully transferring Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiencies (ACLDs) from rehabilitation centers to sports facilities. For this purpose, this study investigated the effect of mechanical perturbation training and standard training on the brain and muscle activity of these individuals while jumping on one leg. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 athletes with unilateral Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture (in the coper classification) were randomly assigned to perturbation and standard training groups. To compare the effect of two types of intervention training methods, we examined the Similarity Index (SI) and Voluntary Response Index (VRI) in surface Electromyography (sEMG) tests of eight muscles in the lower extremities and relative power of alpha and beta spectra in Quantitative Electroencephalographic (QEEG) tests between two groups and between two limbs of each group members in the single-leg jump task. Results: Both training groups showed improved neuromuscular control and increased SI on sEMG tests between the two limbs. However, this improvement in the perturbation training group showed an excellent increase in Effect Size (ES) (intra-group comparison values of SI for perturbation training group P=0.0001, ES=3.6; and P=0.008, ES=1.24 in the standard training group; and P=0.04, ES=0.87 in the inter-group comparison). Regarding the post-test of QEEG tests, no significant difference was found between the two groups (alpha P-value: 0.13, beta P-value: 0.07). However, in the intra-group comparison, the perturbation training group achieved excellent symmetry for the relative power spectrum of alpha and beta signals (the similarity values between the two limbs in the perturbation training group for alpha were P=0.92, ES=0.04 and for beta were P=0.92, ES=0.02; and these values for standard training group for alpha were P=0.07, ES=0.86 and for beta as P=0.08, ES=0.87). Conclusion: The present study results showed that mechanical perturbation and standard training are suitable for transporting ACLDs to sports environments. Furthermore, in comparing these two training methods, mechanical perturbation training in the manner used in this study has higher adequacy to eliminate motor control and central nervous system defects.

Bilateral Deficit in Countermovement Jump and Its Influence on Linear Sprinting, Jumping, and Change of Direction Ability in Volleyball Players.

We investigated the association between bilateral deficit (BLD) in the countermovement jump (CMJ) and change of direction (CoD) performance, CoD deficit, linear sprint, and approach jumping task. The participants (47 young volleyball players; age: 20.8 ± 3.8 years) performed bilateral and single-leg CMJs, modified T-test, 505 CoD test, 25-m sprints (with 5, 10, and 15 splits), and vertical approach jumps. The CoD deficit was also calculated from the 505 test and 10 m split time. BLD was calculated from CMJ jump height, peak power, and phase-specific force impulses (FIs). Several small to moderate statistically significant correlations (r = 0.42–0.49) were found between BLD and 505 times (7 correlations), sprint times (4 correlations), CoD deficit (1 correlation), and approach jump (1 correlation). T-test performance was not correlated with BLD variables (r = −0.15–0.22). The direction of the correlations indicated that the larger BLD is associated with superior performance, with the exception of 1 correlation for 505 times for the left leg and 1 for CoD deficit for the left leg. However, these two variables showed unacceptable reliability. Our results suggest that BLD could be useful in making decisions about the amount inclusion of unilateral training for volleyball players.

Implementation of Sharing &amp; Jumping Tasks Learning to Grow Students' Creative Thinking Skills in Buffer Solution

This study aims to identify the growth of students' creative thinking skills in the implementation of learning sharing &amp; jumping tasks in the buffer solution material. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research was conducted in one of Bandung's high school students of class XI with a total of 24 students. The instruments used for data collection were interview guidelines, audio and video recordings through zoom meetings and observation sheets. The collected data were analyzed based on Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA). The results showed that in the sharing task all aspects of creative thinking skills emerged during the learning process, namely in the aspects of fluent thinking, flexible thinking, original thinking, elaborative thinking, and evaluative thinking. Meanwhile, in the jumping task, there is one aspect that does not appear, namely the aspect of original thinking.

Profile of Students’ Critical Thinking Skills on the Concept of Pressure through Collaborative Sharing and Jumping Task

This study aims to analyze the profile of critical thinking skills students in science learning with collaborative learning design sharing and jumping tasks. Indicators of critical thinking skills used are based on Ennis (1985). The method used is descriptive qualitative. Lesson design sharing &amp; jumping tasks consist of three core activities: sharing task 1, sharing task 2, and jumping task. The instruments used are observation and audio recording of the learning process. Data were analyzed by Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA). The results of the analysis show that the collaborative learning design of sharing and jumping tasks can bring up students' critical thinking skills. The profile of students' critical thinking skills in sharing task 1 activities found 6 indicators with the highest percentage at 58%, on sharing task 2 found 12 indicators with the highest percentage at 100%, and jumping task found 9 indicators with the highest percentage at 75%. Keywords: lesson design, critical thinking skills, TBLA, sharing &amp; jumping task. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA dengan desain pembelajaran kolaboratif sharing and jumping task. Indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis yang digunakan berdasarkan Ennis (1985). Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Lesson design sharing &amp; jumping tasks terdiri tiga kegiatan inti: sharing task 1, sharing task 2, dan jumping task. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu observasi dan rekaman audio proses pembelajaran. Data dianalisis dengan Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kolaboratif sharing and jumping task dapat memunculkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Profil keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada kegiatan sharing task 1 ditemukan 6 indikator dengan presentase tertinggi 58 %, pada sharing task 2 ditemukan 12 indikator dengan presentase keterampilan berpikir kritis tertinggi 100 %, dan pada jumping task ditemukan 9 indikator dengan presentase tertinggi 75 %. Kata kunci: lesson design, keterampilan berpikir kritis, TBLA, sharing &amp; jumping task. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa/v23i2.pp701-711

Developmental Characteristics of Orientation and Differentiation Abilities of Jumping Motion in Early Childhood: Focus on the Performance of Different Conditions of the Jumping Tasks

Developmental Characteristics of Orientation and Differentiation Abilities of Jumping Motion in Early Childhood: Focus on the Performance of Different Conditions of the Jumping Tasks

Can IMU Provide an Accurate Vertical Jump Height Estimate?

The aim of the present study was to determine if an inertial measurement unit placed on the metatarsal part of the foot can provide valid and reliable data for an accurate estimate of vertical jump height. Thirteen female volleyball players participated in the study. All players were members of the Republic of Serbia national team. Measurement of the vertical jump height was performed for the two exemplary jumping tasks, squat jump and counter-movement jump. Vertical jump height estimation was performed using the flight time method for both devices. The presented results support a high level of concurrent validity of an inertial measurement unit in relation to a force plate for estimating vertical jump height (CMJ t = 0.897, p = 379; ICC = 0.975; SQJ t = −0.564, p = 0.578; ICC = 0.921) as well as a high level of reliability (ICC &gt; 0.872) for inertial measurement unit results. The proposed inertial measurement unit positioning may provide an accurate vertical jump height estimate for in-field measurement of jump height as an alternative to other devices. The principal advantages include the small size of the sensor unit and possible simultaneous monitoring of multiple athletes.

Reactive Strength Index and its Associations with Measures of Physical and Sports Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Reactive strength index (RSI) is used frequently in the testing and monitoring of athletes. Associations with sports performance measures may vary dependent on the task but a literature synthesis has not been performed. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine associations between RSI measured during rebound jumping tasks and measures of strength, linear and change of direction speed, and endurance performance. A systematic literature search with meta-analysis was conducted using databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Ovid. Inclusion criteria required studies to (1) examine the relationship between RSI and an independent measure of physical or sporting performance for at least one variable; and (2) provide rebound test instructions to minimise ground contact time and maximise displacement of the jump. Methodological quality was assessed using a modified version of the Downs and Black Quality Index tool. Heterogeneity was examined via the Q statistic and I2. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using a random-effects model, with Egger's regression test used to assess small study bias (inclusive of publication bias). Of the 1320 citations reviewed, a total of 32 studies were included in this meta-analysis. RSI was significantly and moderately associated with strength (isometric: r = 0.356 [95% CI 0.209-0.504]; isotonic: r = 0.365 [0.075-0.654]; pooled strength measures: r = 0.339 [0.209-0.469]) and endurance performance (r = 0.401 [0.173-0.629]). Significant moderate and negative associations were indicated for acceleration (r = - 0.426 [- 0.562 to - 0.290]), top speed (r = - 0.326 [- 0.502 to - 0.151]), and significant large negative associations were noted for change of direction speed (r = - 0.565 [- 0.726 to - 0.404]). Heterogeneity was trivial to moderate across all measures (I2 = 0-66%), and significant for isotonic strength and change of direction speed (p < 0.1). Evidence of small study bias was apparent for both acceleration and change of direction speed (p < 0.05). We identified primarily moderate associations between RSI and independent measures of physical and sporting performance, and the strength of these relationships varied based on the task and physical quality assessed. The findings from this meta-analysis can help practitioners to develop more targeted testing and monitoring processes. Future research may wish to examine if associations are stronger in tasks that display greater specificity.