Jump Test Research Articles

Differences in explosive strength values for students of the faculty of physical education and sports (male) according to body mass index levels

Background and Study Aim. Explosive strength/muscular strength is demanded at the level of different body segments and regions in most sports. The purpose of the research: is to identify the differences in the manifestation of explosive force between groups of underweight, normal weight and overweight university students; to determine the associations between the anthropometric parameters and the value of the results in the applied tests.
 Material and Methods. The investigated group consists of 147 students (men) of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, divided into 3 distinct groups for the analysis of the results: underweight (age=20.40±1.18, BMI=17.81±0.93), normal weight (age=20.504±1.671, BMI =22.24±1.67) and overweight (age=22.44±2.24, BMI=28.01±2.74). 7 tests were used to evaluate the explosive strength of the lower body (Vertical Jump Test, Standing Long Jump Test, 3-Hop Test, The multiple 5 bounds test, 30s Lateral double leg hop test, 30s Continuous vertical jumps, Speed Test 10m). A number of 6 tests were used to evaluate the explosive strength of the upper body (Overhand ball throw, Shot put, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw-forward, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw-backward, Medicine ball chest throw, 30s Plyometric Push-Ups).
 Results. Univariate test results indicate F values associated with significant thresholds at the lower body level (P<0.05) for tests based on horizontal jumps (Standing Long Jump, 3-Hop Test and The multiple 5 bounds test), where underweight and normal weight have the better average scores. At the level of the upper body, the situation is changed (for Shot put and medicine balls throws), where the overweight have the best average values, followed by the normal weight, and the worst results are found for the underweight group (P<0.05). Only for the Overhand ball throw and 30s Plyometric Push-Ups, the superiority of the overweight is not statistically confirmed (P>0.05). Correlation calculation (Pearson values) indicates positive associations between body height and vertical and horizontal jumps (except for those repeated for 30s), but negative associations of BMI and body mass with jump-based tests. However, BMI and body mass are moderately, positively and significantly correlated with throw-based tests (P<0.05).
 Conclusions. We can state that the classification of students in different BMI categories generates differences in explosive strength values between the 3 studied groups. The comparisons indicate the superiority of underweight and normal weights over overweight in all lower body explosive strength tests. The comparisons indicate also the significant superiority of overweight in the medicine ball and shot put tests over normal and underweight. The obtained results cannot be generalized, due to the small size of the underweight and overweight samples. Further investigations on larger groups of university students being necessary.

BEDA PENGARUH PEMBERIAN LATIHAN KNEE TUCK JUMP DENGAN SKIPPING TERHADAP PERUBAHAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI PEMAIN BOLA BASKET DI CLUB FURRY BALL MAKASSAR

Background: Explosive power or power is a combination of two biomotoric elements, namely speed and strength combined to produce power. To increase power, the training provided must pay attention to the elements of speed and strength in order to get maximum results.Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study using a two-group pre test and post test design, aiming to determine the difference in the effect of knee tuck jump training and skipping on changes in leg muscle explosive power of basketball players at furry ball clubs Makassar. This research was conducted at the Makassar furry ball club with a sample of 12 people who fit the inclusion criteria, divided randomly into 2 groups, namely the treatment group 1 which was given knee tuck jump training and the treatment group 2 which was given skipping practice. The measuring tool used is the vertical jump test.Results: Based on the Wilcoxon test analysis in treatment group 1 and treatment group 2, a value of (.028) was obtained (.028) p <0.05, which means that there was a significant effect in treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 on increasing the explosive power of the limb muscles of basketball players in the club Makassar furry ball. The results of the Mann-Whitney test obtained a value of (.179) p> 0.05 which means that there was no significant difference between the two sample groups, but seen from the mean value it showed that the knee tuck jump exercise resulted in an increase in muscle explosive power that was greater than skipping exercise.Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no significant difference in effect between giving knee tuck jump training and skipping to changes in leg muscle explosive power in basketball players at the Makassar furry ball club. Keywords: Muscle explosive power, Knee Tuck Jump, Skipping, Vertical Jump Test

Test for Jumps in Yield Spreads

Test for Jumps in Yield Spreads

Physical and anthropometric profile of Tunisian elite football players according to their playing position: A longitudinal study

Background: In elite youth soccer, the extent to which anthropometric and physical fitness parameters vary according to playing positions remains unclear. Identifying and quantifying these differences is crucial for informing targeted training interventions. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the evolution anthropometric and physical profiles in Tunisian elite youth soccer players during one season, and to analyze differences between players according to their playing position. Methods: Sixty-two subjects (15.3±0.2 years, 69.4±6.4 kg, 176.9±4.8 cm) playing for the top four professional football clubs in Tunisia took part in the study. They were divided into five groups according to their playing position: goalkeepers (n=10), fullbacks (n=14), central defenders (n=11), midfielders (n=15) and forwards (n=12). Various anthropometric measurements, fitness tests assessing aerobic and anaerobic performance were performed at two times (T): T1 (3 weeks after the beginning of the preparation period), and T2 (end of the competitive period). Results: Football players across all positions exhibited significant anthropometric growth, particularly in height, with increases from small to moderate (p < 0.001; effect size (ES) = 0.30 to 0.57). Weight changes were non-significant (p = 0.01 to 0.14; ES = 0.01 to 0.14), while fat mass reductions across positions were slightly more pronounced (p = 0.05 to 0.25; ES = 0.09 to 0.25). Performance metrics revealed substantial improvements, particularly in the 5-Jump Test, where forwards excelled (p < 0.001; ES = 1.07), and in sprinting events, where consistent progress was noted across all positions (p < 0.001; ES = 0.16 to 0.33). The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test exhibited significant enhancements, again with forwards achieving the greatest gains (p < 0.001; ES = 3.01). Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for position-specific training in youth football, highlighting how physical and anthropometric characteristics vary by playing position. The results suggest that tailored training can enhance performance and development in young players, reinforcing the importance of customized approaches for different positions in elite youth soccer. This approach not only improves player performance but also aids in effective talent identification and injury prevention of youth soccer players.

THE INFLUENCE OF BIOFEEDBACK ON ANAEROBIC WORKING CAPACITY IN JUMP TEST IN THE SCHOOLCHILDREN AGED 11-12

THE INFLUENCE OF BIOFEEDBACK ON ANAEROBIC WORKING CAPACITY IN JUMP TEST IN THE SCHOOLCHILDREN AGED 11-12

A New Way to Restrict Free Leg Movement During Unilateral Vertical Jump Test.

The purpose of this investigation was (1)to test the effect of movement restriction of the free leg during unilateral vertical jump on performance and power output comparing 2 different jump techniques: flexed (Classic technique) and straight (FC Luzern technique) free leg, and (2)to test the correlation between performance and power output obtained using these 2 techniques. Twenty elite soccer players performed squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jumps on each leg. The jump height and peak power output were compared between the 2 techniques for both legs. The jump height and peak power were significantly higher for the classic test for SJ and CMJ (P < .001) with no side effects or interactions. The angular range of motion of the free leg was higher for the Classic test than for the FC Lucerne test (P < .001), with no difference in the angular range of motion of the trunk. A moderate correlation was found between the 2 techniques on peak power (SJ: r = .626; CMJ: r = .649) and jump height (SJ: r = .742; CMJ: r = .891). Consequently, FC Lucerne technique, limiting the contribution of the free leg, is more appropriate to assess lower limb strength capacities during unilateral jump test.

THE EFFECTS OF A SUMMER PROGRAM ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN CHILDREN

https://youtu.be/uCkCVkd6kSY BACKGROUND High rates of adolescent obesity and its associated co-morbidities have been attributed to a lack of physical activity and unhealthy nutrition habits. This is especially apparent during the summer months, when adolescents are out of school and do not have the structure of the academic year and its planned extracurricular activities. The Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology (THINK) program is a nutrition and exercise science curriculum that is interfaced with social emotional learning (SEL) to enhance to personal health and lifestyle behaviors in middle school youth. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the THINK program could improve physical fitness, nutrition habits, and SEL in a 6-week summer program across a 3 year period. METHODS/DESIGN Participants from the South Miami community were enrolled in the THINK (n =108, 58 males, 50 females, 12.03 +.56 years). The assessments of physical fitness included: cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) using the Pacer test, flexibility using the Sit &amp; Reach test, power using the Vertical Jump test, agility using the Shuttle Run, and muscular endurance using the Curl-up test. Body composition was analyzed using the Inbody 520 and SEL was measured using the Positive Youth Inventory. Food habits were measured using the Adolescent Food Habits Checklist. Means and standard error values were evaluated for all dependent variables. Paired sample t-tests (SPSS version 27) were performed to determine changes in dependent variables over time. RESULTS Significant improvements in CFF (p&amp;lt;.001), power (p&amp;lt;.006), flexibility (p&amp;lt;.001), agility (p&amp;lt;.001), muscular endurance (p&amp;lt;.001), lean body mass (p&amp;lt;.001) Food Habits (p&amp;lt;.001), and SEL (p=.038) were found. CONCLUSION An integrative and physically active summer program can result in improvements in physical fitness, nutrition habits, and SEL in as little as 6-weeks. The emphasis on physical activities in combination with nutrition, science and SEL in programs such the THINK program may serve as novel approach for improving physical fitness and lifestyle behaviors in middle school adolescents during the summer months. Future studies should include control groups to determine whether these changes occur independent of typical maturation and developmental processes in youth.

A Six-Week Plyometric Training Program Improves Explosive Power and Agility in Professional Athletes of East Java

The study purpose was to prove the effectiveness of a plyometric training program in increasing explosive power and agility in professional athletes of East Java.&#x0D; Materials and methods. This study is a pre-experiment with a research design of One Group Pretest-Posttest. A total of 15 male athletes from athletics and swimming at the Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Olahraga Pelajar (PPLP) East Java, Indonesia, aged 15–17 years, body mass index (BMI) 18.5–24.0 kg/m², normal blood pressure, normal resting heart rate, voluntarily participated in the study. The plyometric training program (hurdle-box jumps) was carried out for 30 minutes/training session with an intensity of 80-90% HRmax with a frequency of 3x/week for six weeks. Measuring the explosive power of the horizontal leg muscles used the Standing Broad Jump Test, while measurement of the explosive power of the vertical leg muscles used the Digital Jump Meter Test. Measurement of agility used Shuttle Run Test, and explosive power and agility were measured during pre-training and six weeks post-training. Data analysis used the Paired Sample T-Test with a significance level of 5% using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 software.&#x0D; Results. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference in the average increase in explosive power horizontally, vertically, and agility between pre-training vs. post-training (p ≤ 0.001).&#x0D; Conclusions. In general, it can be concluded that the plyometric training program (hurdle-box jumps) carried out 3x/week for six weeks effectively increases the explosive power of the horizontal leg muscles, the explosive power of the vertical leg muscles, and increases agility.

Pivot Step Jump: A New Test for Evaluating Jumping Ability in Young Basketball Players.

Jumping ability in basketball is usually assessed using standardized vertical jump tests. However, they lack specificity and do not consider the player’s basketball skills. Several studies have suggested performing specific jump tests, which are tailored to the movement patterns and requirements of a basketball game. The pivot step jump test (PSJT) is a novel test designed to evaluate the specific jumping abilities of basketball players by combining a pivot step on one leg with a maximum bilateral vertical jump. This study had two aims: to determine the reliability and validity of the PSJT using typical jump tests as the criterion measure and to demonstrate the PSJT as a practical test to evaluate specific jumping ability in young male and female basketball players. Twenty female (EGA; 14.0 ± 0.7 years, 59.3 ± 7.9 kg, 162.1 ± 5.5 cm) and fifteen male (EGB; 14.0 ± 0.7 years, 58.1 ± 7.7 kg, 170.3 ± 6.4 cm) basketball players participated in the study. The test−retest reliability of the PSJT within sessions (intrasession reliability) and across sessions (intersession reliability) was assessed within EGA. For the evaluation of validity, EGB performed the PSJT and a series of criterion jumping tests. For EGA, no changes (p > 0.05) were found in PSJT performance between test sessions and excellent intra- and intersession reliability was observed (ICCs > 0.75). Correlation coefficients indicated high factorial validity between the jumping tests and PSJT (r = 0.71−0.91, p < 0.001). The PSJT appears to offer a valid assessment of jumping ability in basketball and is a practical test for assessing sport-specific jumping skills in young basketball players.

Single Leg Speed Hop Pengaruh Single Leg Speed Hop Terhadap Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Pada Pesilat

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Background: The explosive power of leg muscle is the ability to exert maximum power in the shortest possible time. Muscle explosive power is important for a fighter in locking, swinging, dropping, punching, kicking and avoiding attacks from unexpected angles and directions. Ways to increase muscle explosive power include plyometric training and one of them is single leg speed hops. Research Objectives: To determine the effect of single leg speed hop pliometric exercises on increasing the explosive power of limb muscles in pesilat members at SMPN 1 Parung. Research Methods: The design of this study was quasi-experimental with "two-group pretest-posttest" with a sample of 28 people selected by purposive sampling divided into two groups, namely the treatment and control groups. Measurement of leg muscle explosive power using the Standing Long Jump Test. Results: The results of the independent t-test obtained a p-value of 0.011 (p&lt;0.005), so Ho is rejected, which means that there is a significant effect on single leg speed hop plyometric exercises. Conclusion: There is an effect of single leg speed hop plyometric exercise on increasing the explosive power of the leg muscles of the members of SMPN 1 Parung.&#x0D; Keywords: The Explosive power leg muscle; Plyometric Exercises; Single Leg Speed ​​Hop; Martial arts

Survey on physical fitness levels of athletes aged 13-15 years old at Satria Mandiri Soccer School, Bojonegoro Regency

Physical fitness is one of the important components in the sport of football, because the game of football is played within 2x45 minutes so that a valid fitness status is needed in order to play football optimally. This study was conducted to determine the status of physical freshness in athletes aged 13 to 15 years at SSB Satria Mandiri, Bojonegoro Regency. The method in this study is descriptive quantitative with survey techniques. The population and samples used were athletes aged 13 to 15 years at the Satria Mandiri football school which totaled 22 athletes. Data collection includes several tests, a 50-meter running test using a running track, a body lift hanging test using poles/bars, a 60-second seating test, an upright jumping test using a board, a 1000-meter running test using a running track. Data analysis in this study is quantitative descriptive statistics. The results of this study obtained that of the 22 athletes who were subjects, 12 athletes obtained the moderate category with a percentage of 54.54%. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the level of physical freshness in athletes aged 13-15 years at the Satria Mandiri football school as a whole shows a moderate category.

Potentiation of Stretch Shortening Cycle of Hip Moment and Power Only predict Jump Performance Enhancement

<h3>Research Objectives</h3> To investigate if lower-extremity joint specific potentiation of stretch shortening cycle (SSC) during the propulsive phase of jump test predicts jump height. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional study. <h3>Setting</h3> University research laboratory. <h3>Participants</h3> Twenty-two young adults (12 females; mean age=25.75±3.03 years). <h3>Interventions</h3> Not applicable. <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3> Participantsperformed three countermovement jump (CMJ) and static Jump (SJ) and bent their knees to the same flexion degree on two floor-embedded force platforms (AMTI). Using a 3-dimensional (3D) motion capture system (Vicon), jump height (JH) was measured using greater trochanters markers data of both lower extremities. Joint-based moment (Jmom) and power (Jpwr) of hip, knee, and ankle were calculated. Potentiation of SSC was calculated as CMJ/SJ ratios of JH, Jmom, and Jpwr for hip, knee, and ankle. The Vicon system contains 11 infrared cameras and two force platforms to synchronize kinetic and kinematic data. Linear regression models were used to examine if SSC potentiation predicts JH, controlling for knee joint angle and sex. <h3>Results</h3> JHPotentiation was 1.30±0.24. SSC Jmom potentiation was 1.33±0.40, 1.04±0.13, and 1.02±0.12 for hip, knee, and ankle, respectively. SSC Jpwr Potentiation was 1.39±0.53, 1.03±0.18, and 1.02±0.18 for hip, knee, and ankle, respectively. The regression models documented that SSC potentiation of hip Jpwr and Jmom predicted 77% and 87% of the variance in JH, respectively, after controlling for knee joint angle and sex. No other significant JH predictors were identified (p>0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The findings show that hip Jmom and Jpwr SSC potentiation were associated with Jump test performance during the propulsive phase These findings provide an insight into understanding the mechanical function of the contribution of SSC potentiation of the lower extremities to jump tests performance. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> All authors declare no conflicts.

Exercise Stress Electrocardiography Using the Two-Minute Jump Test in Children.

Although the treadmill and cycle ergometer are commonly used for exercise stress electrocardiography (ECG) testing, they are often difficult to perform with children. We herein evaluated the utility and safety of the 2-minute jump test (2MJT) as a simple, alternative exercise test. One hundred patients, including 60 male patients, with an average age at study commencement of 10.7±3.5years (mean±standard deviation) and with no exercise restriction who underwent a cardiac check-up between November 2020 and March 2022 at the study center were included. After recording their resting ECG, they jumped for 2minutes during ECG recording, and the change in heart rate (HR), ECG findings, and occurrence of adverse events were investigated. As a result, patients jumped 185±60 times in two minutes, and their HR increased from 76±13 beats/min at rest to 172±18 beats/min at peak during the test. Ninety (90%) patients attained the ideal target HR of > 150 beats/minute. During the recovery period after loading, five patients had abnormal ECG findings (ventricular extrasystoles, second-degree atrioventricular block, and atrial extrasystoles in two, two, and one patient, respectively) but completely resolved spontaneously within three minutes. Our findings suggested that the 2MJT is a useful and safe exercise test capable of inducing sufficient increase in HR in a short time in children.

Performance of the intracerebroventricularly injected streptozotocin Alzheimer’s disease model in a translationally relevant, aged and experienced rat population

The intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected streptozotocin (STZ) induced brain state is a widely used model of sporadic Alzheimer-disease (AD). However, data have been generated in young, naive albino rats. We postulate that the translationally most relevant animal population of an AD model should be that of aged rats with substantial learning history. The objective of the study was thus to probe the model in old rats with knowledge in various cognitive domains. Long-Evans rats of 23 and 10 months age with acquired knowledge in five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT), a cooperation task, Morris water-maze (MWM) and “pot-jumping” exercise were treated with 3 × 1.5 mg/kg icv. STZ and their performance were followed for 3 months in the above and additional behavioral assays. Both STZ-treated age groups showed significant impairment in the MWM (spatial learning) and novel object recognition test (recognition memory) but not in passive avoidance and fear conditioning paradigms (fear memory). In young STZ treated rats, significant differences were also found in the 5CSRTT (attention) and pot jumping test (procedural learning) while in old rats a significant increase in hippocampal phospho-tau/tau protein ratio was observed. No significant difference was found in the cooperation (social cognition) and pairwise discrimination (visual memory) assays and hippocampal β-amyloid levels. STZ treated old animals showed impulsivity-like behavior in several tests. Our results partly coincide with partly deviate from those published on young, albino, unexperienced rats. Beside the age, strain and experience level of the animals differences can also be attributed to the increased dose of STZ, and the applied food restriction regime. The observed cognitive and non-cognitive activity pattern of icv. STZ in aged experienced rats call for more extensive studies with the STZ model to further strengthen and specify its translational validity.

Immediate Effects of Static Stretching Versus Dynamic Warm up Exercises on Vertical Jump Test in 12 to 16 Years School Students: A Comparative Study

Immediate Effects of Static Stretching Versus Dynamic Warm up Exercises on Vertical Jump Test in 12 to 16 Years School Students: A Comparative Study

Immediate Effects of Static Stretching Versus Dynamic Warm up Exercises on Vertical Jump Test in 12 to 16 Years School Students: A Comparative Study

The static stretching has been found to enhance flexibility and reduce muscle tension, and dynamic warm up exercises raises core body and deep muscle temperatures, stimulates the nervous system, decreases the inhibition of antagonist muscles, and possibly reduces the risk of injury. Children are often encouraged to participate in some type of warm-up before vigorous physical activity, Warm-up is one of the most common practices at the beginning of Physical Education (PE) classes in schools. The aim of the study was to compare the immediate effects of static stretching versus dynamic warm-up exercises on vertical jump performance in 12 – 16 years school students. The 100 Participant (Boys and Girls) were taken, aged between 12 years to 16 years in 2 groups as Group A static stretching (n = 50) and Group B dynamic warm up exercises (n = 50). The pre assessment was taken before intervention and post assessment was taken after intervention. The study revealed an improvement in vertical jump performance in both intra groups (group A and group B). However, the results of the intergroup study revealed that dynamic warm-up exercises (group B) are more effective than static stretching (group A) in improving vertical jump performance in school students.

Evaluation of Neuromuscular Fatigue in a Repeat Sprint Ability, Countermovement Jump and Hamstring Test in Elite Female Soccer Players.

The straight-line run is the most frequent action in soccer goal scoring situations, and it deserves considerable attention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the neuromuscular fatigue produced by an independent repeat sprint ability (RSA) test, a countermovement jump (CMJ) and a hamstring test (HT) in elite female soccer players. Twenty-four elite female soccer players participated in the study. The evaluation protocol included hamstring and CMJ tests before an RSA test (6 × 40 m 30 s rest), and hamstring and CMJ post-tests. Significant differences were found between pre-post HT measurements in the maximum angulation of the right leg (p = 0.012 Effect Size (ES) = 0.27), and the maximum velocity was higher in the left leg after RSA (p = 0.023 ES = 0.34). CMJ height after RSA was significantly lower than before the RSA test (p < 0.001 ES = 0.40). The sprint total time (SprintTT) and percentage difference (%Dif) increased throughout the RSA (p < 0.001, and ES = 0.648 and ES = 0.515, respectively). In elite female soccer players, it seems that the fatigue induced by an RSA test can be assessed through the loss of CMJ height and the different performance variables extracted from the RSA itself (e.g., SprintTT, Ideal Sprint). These findings could contribute to better performance management and injury prevention for elite female soccer players.

Validity of the Baiobit Inertial Measurements Unit for the Assessment of Vertical Double- and Single-Leg Countermovement Jumps in Athletes.

Jump tests are simple, quick to execute, and considered the most reliable tool to measure lower extremities power and explosiveness in athletes. Wearable inertial sensors allow the assessment of jumping performance on any surface. The validity of inertial sensors measurements is a pivotal prerequisite to reliably implement their utilization in the clinical practice. Twenty-seven athletes (20 M/7 F, age: 27 ± 7 years old) performed five double-leg countermovement jumps (CMJs) and three single-leg CMJs per side with their hands on their hips. Jump height was measured/computed simultaneously with the optoelectronic system, force platforms, and the Baiobit inertial sensor system. The athletes completed the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). When comparing the methods (Baiobit vs. force platforms), a non-statistically significant bias of 1.8 cm was found for two-leg CMJs and -0.6 cm for single-leg CMJs. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) was "excellent" for double-leg CMJs (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.89-0.94) and "good" for single-leg CMJs (ICC = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.85-0.91). When comparing the methods (Baiobit vs. force platforms + optoelectronic system), a non-statistically significant bias of -0.9 cm was found for two-leg CMJs and -1.2 cm for single-leg CMJs. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was "good" for both double-leg CMJs (ICC = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.73-0.85) and for single-leg CMJs (ICC = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.80-0.89). Baiobit tends to overestimate double- and single-leg CMJ height measurements; however, it can be recommended in the world of rehabilitation and sport analysis.

Analysis of Technical Abilities And Physical Condition for Women’s Basketball Athletes of Bandung

Several factors, such as the readiness of technical abilities and physical condition, are basic things that are important to the development and achievement of basketball athletes. This research aims to describe the results of the analysis of the technical abilities and physical condition of female basketball athletes. The method used in this research is a descriptive method using a quantitative approach with a correlational type of research to examine the relationship between technical abilities and physical condition variables on performance. This research was conducted in 2022 with the population of female basketball athletes of Bandung who will compete in the multievent PORPROV basketball Game in 2022. The instrument in this research used five technical skill test items, namely the passing skill test; shooting skills test; Under-ring test; lay-up skills; Illinois Agility Dribbling Test, and seven physical condition test items, namely the Wall Sit Test (Limb Muscle Endurance); 20-meter Sprint Test (Speed); Illinois Agility Test, Vertical Jump Test, Bleep Test, Flexibility Test. In the Pearson correlation output, there is a correlation that shows the relationship between skill technique and physical condition with the performance of Bandung women's basketball players, with a significant contribution from technical abilities and physical condition to the player's performance was 48.2%.&#x0D;

Comparison of the Physical, Physiological, and Psychological Responses of the High-Intensity Interval (HIIT) and Small-Sided Games (SSG) Training Programs in Young Elite Soccer Players.

We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval (HIIT) and small-sided games (SSG) training programs on physiological and psychological responses in young soccer players. Twenty-four male soccer players (age 16.7 ± 0.9 years) were divided into two groups (HIIT and SSG) and completed a 6-week training programs consisting of two training sessions a week. HIIT consisted of intermittent runs lasting 15 s at the 110% maximum aerobic speed followed by a passive recovery lasting 15 s; SSG was instead structured in a 4 versus 4 players games on a playing field of 25 × 35 m. The muscular power of the lower body was assessed before and after each training session using the 5-jump test to leg length, and two incremental field tests (VAMEVAL test and modified agility t-test). Our results show that HIIT and SSG have similar beneficial effects on the variables connected to the soccer-specific performance and the endurance with little influence on neuromuscular performances. Psychological responses were assessed using the "physical activity enjoyment scale", the Hooper index and the POMS variables. Results showed that SSG offers greater perceived enjoyment than what can be achieved with HIIT. In conclusion, SSG can be considered an effective, more motivating, and fun soccer-specific training that brings about physiological responses and neuromuscular adjustments in young soccer players.