The article endeavors to analyze the development and enhancement of the regulatory framework during the reform of the administrative-judicial system in the North Caucasus (1840–1860), based on a study of published materials and sources. The relevance of the topic lies in the modern geopolitical situation of Russia and the incorporation of new territories and entities into its composition, which necessitates the development of a new regulatory framework. That is why the analysis of the historical transformations associated with the reform of the administrative and judicial systems in the North Caucasus is of lasting importance. The scientific novelty of the article lies in demonstrating how the adoption of various normative-legal acts facilitated the resolution of challenges related to the establishment of new land relations in the region, the abolition of slavery, the organization of courts, judicial proceedings, and others. In conclusion, the period from 1840 to 1860 marked a crucial juncture in the evolution of the regulatory framework in the North Caucasus. Through a meticulous analysis of historical reforms, this article underscores the enduring significance of past legislative endeavors in shaping modern legal landscapes and offers a nuanced understanding of the interplay between law, society, and governance in the region.