The article considers European experience of state policy in the field of justice. Various models of justice in Europe, on the basis of which protection of rights and freedoms of citizens and their interaction with public authorities and local governments is ensured, are considered. Different approaches to the construction of the system of justice in different European countries are highlighted. The essence of the judicial bodies in different European countries is determined and their activity is evaluated.It is argued that each European country has its own peculiarities of appointment of judges to their positions. It is determined that in most European countries organizational support of judicial institutions belongs to the competence of executive bodies, which are mainly the Ministries of Justice. Common and distinctive features of the activity of judicial bodies in European countries and in Ukraine are analyzed. It is noted that in Ukraine, in contrast to European countries, the powers in the field of intellectual property do not belong to the judicial bodies, but to the State Intellectual Property Service of Ukraine, which is a separate central executive body. Proposals regarding improvement of the activities of the judiciary bodies in Ukraine, taking into account European experience, are made. European experience shows that a rationally constructed system of justice can be an effective mechanism for protection of rights of citizens and promote the development of a civilized legal society. Analysis of this experience shows the possibility of borrowing the positive achievements of European legal policy to improve the activities of judiciary bodies in Ukraine. European standards will promote the establishment of the rule of law in Ukrainian state and ensure effective protection of human and civil rights in relations with public administration and local self-government bodies arising in the field of public legal relations in Ukraine.