Peteris Vasks. Drei Stucke fur Klarinette und Klavier (1973). (Clarinet Library = Klarinetten-Bibliothek.) Mainz: Schott, c1996. [Notes, 1 p.; score, p. 3-16; and part. ISMN M-001-11370-0; KLB 42. [pounds sterling]16.5O.] Peteris Vasks. Moments musicaux: Fur Klarinette in B solo (1977). Mainz: Schott, c1996. (Clarinet Library = Klarinetten-Bibliothek.) [Notes, 3 p.; score, p. 5--8. ISMN M-001-11369-4; KLB 41. Duration, Ca. 10 min. [pounds sterling]9.95.] Peteris Vasks. Pieskarieni = Beruhrungen/Toughes: Fur Oboe solo. (Oboe Library = Oboen-Bibliothek.) Mainz: Schott, c1996. [Notes, 3 p.; score, p. 5-8. ISMN M-001-11371-7; OBB 37. Duration, Ca. 7 min. [pounds sterling]11.50.] Peteris Vasks. Vasaras dziedajumi: 2. stigu kvartets = Sommerweisen: 2. Streichquartett (1984). Mainz: Schott, c1997. [Notes, 2 p.; score, p. 5-19; and 4 parts. ISMN M-001-11366-3; ED 8512. Duration, ca. 23 min. [pounds sterling]39.95.] Peteris Vasks. Simfonija stigu orkestrim Balsis = Symphonie fur Streicher Stimmen (1991). (Musik unserer Zeit.) Mainz: Schott, c1993. Studienpartitur. [Notes, 3 p.; score, p. 7-67. ED 8032. Duration, ca. 27 min. [pounds sterling]29.95.] Peteris Vasks. Fantasia Izdegusas zemes ainavas = Landschaften der ausgebrannten Erde: Fur Klavier (1992). Mainz: Schott, c1993. [Notes, 2 p.; score, p. 5-19. ED 8102. Duration, ca. 15 min. [pounds sterling]14.50.] Peteris Vasks. Litene (Uldis Berzins): Cemischter Chor (SSSAAATTTBBB) a cappella [1993]. (Kammerchor = Chamber Choir.) Mainz: Schott, c1998. [Notes, 3 p.; score, p. 5-42. ISMN M-001-10158-5; SKR 20030. Duration, 11 min. [pounds sterling]12.] renewed and reimagined nationalisms that continue to transform the identity of the New Europe and to reframe its boundaries have variously mobilized the figure of the national composer as an authentic and cosmopolitan representative of the nation. This role for contemporary composers has been a remarkable aspect of nationalisms in the Baltic states and elsewhere. In Estonia, such figures include Arvo Part, Veljo Tormis, and Erkki-Sven Tuur; in Latvia, Peteris Plakidis and Peteris Vasks; in Lithuania, Osvaldas Balakauskas and Vytautas Barkauskas; and in Georgia, Giya Kancheli. As figures of national authenticity, these composers embody the folk traditions, the religious practices, and the natural environment of the nation while giving voice to its Soviet, post-Soviet, and new-European experiences. As cosmopolitan figures, such composers demonstrate the ways in which these national or local values are transformed into more universal categories of human experience as their music circulates transnationally th rough the media of recordings and films and among elite cultural institutions. Peteris Vasks (b. 1946 in Aizpute, Latvia) is Latvia's most internationally renowned composer and, from a global perspective, Latvia's national composer. Through the dedicated advocacy of fellow Gidon Kremer and the Kremerata Baltica, Vasks's music has helped articulate a specific national and regional musical identity. Indeed, Vasks understands his expressive and creative work in national terms: For me what is important is to speak as a representative of a very small, unhappy but courageous country which has suffered much. In my music I speak Latvian (notes accompanying the CD Peteris Vasks, Chamber Music [Conifer Classics 75605 51272 2, 1996]). forms such enunciation take in Vasks's music, however, are symbolic absolutes rather than distinctly national signifiers: good and evil, hope and despair, idealism and nihilism, freedom and oppression, as Vasks himself suggests in his article The Suffering and Joy of Creation: A Composer's Perspective (Musicworks: Journal of Sound Explorat ion 63 [1995]: 40-44). Such archetypal musical symbolism is informed by Vasks's background as the son of a Baptist minister in Soviet Latvia, by the environmental catastrophes brought about through Soviet industrialization and now part of a global threat, by the Dziesmota revotucija (Singing Revolution) of the late 1980s and early 1990s and by the postindependence hardships endured during the dynamic process of building the nation-state. …