Professional Journals Research Articles

Quantitative Changes in the Publishing of Lithuanian Scientific Journals in 2015–2022: Public and Private Sectors’ Adaptation to the Changing Conditions

The article analyses the quantitative changes in the Lithuanian scientific journal publishing in 2015-2022. The study reveals the problems of public bibliographic accounting and terminology in order to comprehensively analyse the public and private sector published print and electronic scientific journals. The gaps and uncertainties identified allow for the improvement of official publication records in the future, avoiding ambiguities in the assessment of the publication volumes of scientific journals. Science policy makers and implementers should take the initiative to standardise the definition of scientific journals, as this is the only way to achieve a clearer approach to this form of science communication. Although the annual volume of scientific journal publications has shrunk by 18.1% (from 265 (2015) to 217 (2022) publications), the decline itself has not been sharp. The decline has been stabilised by business involvement, changes in the evaluation of colleges, and the transformation of professional journals, book series and conference proceedings into scientific journals. Flexibility has been provided by electronic publishing instruments, which have reduced the dependence on external financial sources. The public publishing sector has tended to reduce the number of scientific journals in all scientific fields. This was mainly due to the reorganisation of the higher education network, the qualitative requirements for scientific articles and the reorganisation of scientific collectives. The publishing business has seen the greatest potential in the fields of technology and the medical and health sciences, and as a result, the number of journals published in these fields has not declined and continues to grow. Despite the private sector's growth trends, 50% of journals have 30 or more years of publication. This forms the core of Lithuanian scientific journals, which public sector publishers are striving to preserve and integrate into the international scientific environment.

Journalism in the post-truth era

The break of the citizens' confidence in the information conveyed to them by the media is not a minor issue. In a regime of opinion and in a globalized society in which the issues that directly affect us are beyond our reach or understanding, the mediation work of journalists is essential. For this reason, the phenomenon of fake news in the so-called post-truth era is of paramount importance because it undermines the notion of truth, which is supposed to be the heart and raison d'être of the journalistic profession. The task of journalists is to provide public opinion with true or honestly truthful information that allows citizens to form a complete idea of what is happening and, based on this, make well-founded decisions on matters under public discussion. Without a minimum consensus on the facts, citizens are exposed to the effects of pure propaganda, their ability to decide is manipulated and the core of democracy damaged. The actions of tobacco companies to deny the lethality of tobacco, the denial of climate change, the orchestrated campaigns against the efficacy of vaccines or the unbridled dissemination of "alternative facts" in politics, have highlighted the fragility of the truth in the face of to the distorting power of unscrupulous media and irrepressible social networks.

Bubbles, deep mediatization and disputes in the field of media in Brazil

This article explores the information and opinion bubbles of the Brazilian political far-right, in a descriptive analytical dimension, from the Brazilian context of January 8, 2023. The central idea of the work is to systematize the processes of formation and maintenance of bubbles by the political agents of the ultra-right and their strategies of dispute for the position of mediators of reality to the detriment of the vehicles of professional journalism, based on the specific modalities of the field of media (Bourdieu, 1997), pointed out by Rodrigues (1990): the pedagogical modality, neutralization, objectification, seduction, and simulation.

Harassed for Their Job: Exploring Factors That Render Journalists Prone to Harassment and Intimidation

ABSTRACT Amid growing concern over harassment and intimidation targeting journalists, scholarly attention to their occurrence and implications has mushroomed. One aspect of these phenomena that often gets overlooked is that not all journalists seem equally targeted or affected. Applying ordinal regression analysis of 505 sets of questionnaire responses from Finnish professional journalists, the authors found that only a small proportion of respondents experienced harassment and intimidation regularly, while the vast majority reported being targeted very rarely, if at all. The findings illustrate how certain positions and aspects of journalistic work bring increased risk of facing harassment and intimidation, with investigative journalism, published opinion pieces, work in public broadcasting, and social-media visibility as a journalist identified as strong risk factors. At least in the Finnish context, these facets of the work seem to outweigh personal factors (age, gender, etc.) in predicting overall risk. The evidence supports the call for more comprehensive and carefully designed research arrangements that also acknowledge the role of multiple facets of journalistic work in future studies of harassment and intimidation.

Journalistic Discourse on Disruptive News Ventures Launched by Media Insiders

ABSTRACT Disruptive journalistic innovation tends to challenge established news organizations and practices from the outside in and from the bottom up, especially when that innovation is driven by those considered on the periphery of accepted professional journalism. Journalists are skeptical about both those whom they perceive as “outsiders” and about potential threats caused by disruptive innovation. This study explores the journalistic discourse around four media innovations led by figures who defy clear classification into insider or outsider categories: CNN, USA Today, The Huffington Post and Semafor. Content analysis of coverage of the launch of these disruptors suggests greater acceptance of radically new media approaches when their purposes align with fundamental journalistic ideals. This U.S.-focused case study also contributes to the existing body of international research by examining how journalistic acceptance or rejection of entrepreneurial figures’ ventures relate to perceptions of those individuals’ belonging in the realm of journalism.

Populism’s Influence on News Content: Polarization, Political Parallelism, and Journalistic Professionalism in Rafael Correa’s Ecuador

Populism’s Influence on News Content: Polarization, Political Parallelism, and Journalistic Professionalism in Rafael Correa’s Ecuador

Konsep Diri Jurnalis Perempuan (Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pengalaman Traumatik Jurnalis Perempuan Saat Menjalankan Profesinya)

This research aims to understand how female journalists develop their self-concept after experiencing traumatic events while performing their professional duties. Traumatic experiences include incidents such as invasion of privacy, sexual violence, terror, destruction threats, and verbal abuse. The phenomenon examined in this research is the impact of this experience on self-concept and the actions taken to restore the psychological condition of female journalists. A qualitative approach with phenomenological methods and symbolic interaction theory was employed. In this research, researchers involved 5 (five) female journalist informants using snowball sampling techniques. The finding reveal a variety of responses among female journalists, ranging from self-blame and doubt to positive self-concepts achieved by establishing personal boundaries. The essence of female journalists' responses to traumatic experiences obtained from structural descriptions extracted from narrative textural descriptions resulting from participant interviews is that even though they are faced with challenges and trauma, female journalists show resilience, determination, and a willingness to learn and grow from their experiences. which impacts their affirmation of their profession and personal well-being. This research contributes to the literature by providing a new perspective on the psychological dynamics and professionalism of female journalists in a local context. Apart from that, this research also has practical implications for media organization and government policies regarding the protection of female journalists and support for female journalists in various concrete forms.

De primera a segunda navegación: metáfora y decir de José Ortega y Gasset, filósofo periodista

In this research note, two contributions regarding the activities of Ortega y Gasset are confronted and found to complement each other. In Nací en una rotativa. Las empresas culturales de José Ortega y Gasset, Professor Blanco narrates the trajectory of an entrepreneur during the stage he himself termed “first navigation”. In Los límites del decir. Razón histórica y lenguaje en el último Ortega, Esmeralda Balaguer deals with the “second navigation”. The philosopher abandons journalism to dedicate himself to concretizing his thought in philosophical publications. From the comparison of both works, there doesn’t emerge a contradiction between a journalist writer and a philosophical writer, but rather a complementarity that explains how in the writer both incentives merge, separated by a change of course forced by a new circumstance opposed to the previous one. They converge to offer a unified vision of his personality and his work. In his first navigation, the writer resorts to the journalistic profession to enhance a program of activities to modernize Spanish society. In the second, when the press and cultural initiatives cease to be an effective channel to influence a collective life project that has foundered, he fully commits to his philosophical task.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and future newsrooms: A study on journalists of Bangladesh

Many Western and economically developed countries have already incorporated Artificial Intelligence (AI) into their newsrooms. As the media industry is constantly addressing new technological advancements, media scholars are highly confident about the combination of AI and the newsroom. This research investigates AI as a new prospect in the Bangladeshi journalism arena, focusing on the current state of AI usage and projecting the future by evaluating professional journalists’ ‘Mental Readiness’ across a variety of media companies. In the first phase, from the survey of 107 working journalists from 20 different news organisations, this study finds that journalists possess a mostly positive attitude towards AI and are willing to incorporate current technologies in their newsrooms. The majority of journalists are informed, yet many of them lack sufficient AI literacy. In the second part, in-depth interviews with five newsroom editors reveal that it is difficult for Bangladesh to make a significant transformation within a short period. Most of them believe that providing AI-enabled newsrooms in a developing country like Bangladesh is still a long shot, owing to economic and technological constraints.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and future newsrooms: A study on journalists of Bangladesh

Many Western and economically developed countries have already incorporated Artificial Intelligence (AI) into their newsrooms. As the media industry is constantly addressing new technological advancements, media scholars are highly confident about the combination of AI and the newsroom. This research investigates AI as a new prospect in the Bangladeshi journalism arena, focusing on the current state of AI usage and projecting the future by evaluating professional journalists’ ‘Mental Readiness’ across a variety of media companies. In the first phase, from the survey of 107 working journalists from 20 different news organisations, this study finds that journalists possess a mostly positive attitude towards AI and are willing to incorporate current technologies in their newsrooms. The majority of journalists are informed, yet many of them lack sufficient AI literacy. In the second part, in-depth interviews with five newsroom editors reveal that it is difficult for Bangladesh to make a significant transformation within a short period. Most of them believe that providing AI-enabled newsrooms in a developing country like Bangladesh is still a long shot, owing to economic and technological constraints.

Female journalists’ representation in Rodrigo Sorogoyen’s The Realm

Cinema has incorporated the journalism profession into its narratives because of its inherent potential for creating narratives with a high degree of interest. In the collective imagination, journalists are positioned as the fourth estate and bear a social responsibility. In the early days of cinema until around the 1990s, women occupied secondary roles compared to their male counterparts, through stereotypical characters portrayed as cold, unyielding, ambitious professionals ready to do whatever it took to get the news at the expense of their personal lives. They are depicted as masculinised and sexualised. Using a methodological triangulation that applies descriptive analysis techniques, film analysis and in-depth interviews, the feature film The Realm, by Rodrigo Sorogoyen is studied to determine how the figure of the female journalist is represented in it. After studying the results, it can be concluded that present-day female journalists do not find an accurate representation of their profession in The Realm or cinema in general. This discrepancy stems from the persistent perpetuation of certain stereotypes that influence how women journalists' role is portrayed on the big screen.

Periodismo y Cine: contenidos, audiencias, docencia, nuevos formatos y espacios de exhibición [Presentación del monográfico

This monographic issue addresses the relationships between journalism and cinema. It includes ten research papers, nine of which focus on cinema about journalism, that is, films and television series that center around the media and the work of journalists. These studies approach the topic from various perspectives, such as film noir, humor, feminism, ethics, and different geographical contexts like Colombia, Spain, or the United States of America. Based on their main findings, it is observed that in this type of cinema, which has been evolving since the early 20th century, negative stereotypes about the journalism profession persist. Additionally, this issue features a study about film journalism, a specialty that, despite its social impact, consolidation, and evolution, has been scarcely addressed by academia in recent years. We trust that this monograph will contribute to arousing scientific interest in this type of cultural journalism and also expand the scope of the study of cinema about journalism.

FEATURES OF USING VBA IN TEACHING ACTUARIAL MATHEMATICS

The article is devoted to the analysis of practice of application of specific computational techniques within MS Excel, including VBA, for teaching selected topics in actuarial mathematics. Formulation of the problem. With the evolution of financial and actuarial models towards complexity and reliance on machine learning and data science, there is a growing demand for modern mathematicians, particularly actuaries, to acquire new skills and knowledge. This demand is being driven by new fintech trends in banking and insurance, such as smart payments, real-time credit risk assessment, automated reputation management, customer analytics, fraud detection and cryptocurrency trading. As a result, the training of future actuaries must meet high standards to ensure they are equipped to handle the sophisticated mathematical calculations required by insurance companies and other financial institutions. Materials and methods. To yield results, both theoretical methods, which involve analyzing books and publications, in particular in professional journals in the domains of finance and actuarial mathematics, and empirical methods, entailing the observation of the educational process aimed at training prospective actuaries, are employed in this study. Results. A study aimed at tackling the challenges encountered in teaching actuarial mathematics topics, such as life expectancy and mortality tables, revealed that incorporating a balanced blend of theoretical concepts and hands-on applications, coupled with illustrating mathematical models through real-world examples and reinforcing diverse computational techniques, constitutes a cornerstone of successful training for aspiring actuaries. Leveraging a versatile and user-friendly tool like VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) integrated into MS Excel enables educators to customize examples and assignments to match the intricacy and emphasis of their syllabus, thereby offering students a more targeted learning journey. Conclusions. The teaching of mathematical disciplines, especially financial and actuarial mathematics, in academic programmes for future actuaries requires the adaptation of traditional methods and approaches. In particular, the integration of VBA is key to teaching specific actuarial mathematics concepts, which aims to equip students with the necessary practical competencies. VBA facilitates interactive learning by enabling students to manipulate variables and observe changes in calculations in real time, which improves their understanding of actuarial concepts. VBA also allows you to automate repetitive tasks involving complex mathematical calculations, which saves time and reduces errors. Therefore, its use is recommended when teaching topics involving tabular data, especially life expectancy.

Digital Literacy to Improve The Professionalism of Online Media Journalists in Bengkulu, Indonesia

This study aims to know the competence of digital literacy Online media journalists in Bengkulu City in complying with cyber media guidelines to support professionalism ranging from verification activities to writing news or delivering coverage to editors. Also to identify efforts made by online media journalists in Bengkulu City using tools for fact checking to verify news materials. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection method uses interviews, observation and focus group discussion. This study's Informants are journalists registered as members of the Indonesian Cyber Media Network (JMSI) and the Indonesian Cyber Media Union (SMSI) in Bengkulu. The results of the study concluded that the literacy of journalists in using digital media is quite good. However, it cannot be included in the excellent category because journalists lack knowledge and skills in digital literacy competencies. Moreover, journalists knowledge and skills upgrades such as fact-checking or digital literacy training is minimal, eventhough journalists understand the challenges in publishing journalistic works today. Generally, journalists use tools for checking facts or verifying sources of information either conventionally or manually. However, the strength in publishing journalistic works is the collaboration of cyber media within press companies to produce quality work. The FGD found that only Bengkulu Eskpress conducts fact checks in its journalistic work, because its journalists have received fact-check training conducted by the Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI). The study results also show that online media utilize digital-based tools because they have received fact checking training, namely Bengkulu Ekspress. Keywords: Digital literacy, professionalism, online media, journalists, fact checking.

HEALTH JOURNALISM IN FLUX: UNRAVELING CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Health information is widely disseminated through the media. This study explores the experiences of Pakistani journalists in covering health-related topics to understand their duties, news selection criteria, sources, and problems. This is because reliable health news reporting is crucial and because there is a national demand for professionalism in health journalism. The results show different coverage frequencies, highlighting the importance of health reporting. Obtaining trustworthy data, conflicting studies, a lack of resources, and complex communication are all problems.Journalists depend on reliable sources and specialized interviews. While finding professionals can be demanding, some have solid networks. Assessment of the quality of health reporting is primarily negative and highlights issues with its standard. Accuracy, clarity, expert insights, images, and real-world examples are essential for better reporting.According to the research, journalists are eager to get training to improve their health reporting abilities, demonstrating their commitment to meaningful journalism. It emphasizes how critical it is to support health reporters through training to improve public health communication and guarantee the spread of accurate information.To sum up, this study clarifies the nuances of health reporting among Pakistani journalists. The results highlight the necessity of addressing issues, incorporating crucial reporting elements, and offering training to advance health journalism.

Constitutional Rights of Citizen Journalism in Indonesia: From Maqashid Sharia Perspective

The conception of a democratic rule of law in Indonesia has implications for the social and law order as a protection for the citizens. The protections guarantee the rights and responsibilities of every person regulated or protected by a democratic state. Either of the rights protected by the constitutions of Indonesia is guaranteed in obtaining and conveying information. As a profession, it is a part of journalistic activities, both professional and citizen journalism, as a constitutionally inherent right. The problem encountered is protection for citizen journalism, which is not regulated as protection for journalists in the legal system of the press. This research employed a qualitative model with a normative juridical approach to conceptualise the laws with facts and phenomena of journalistic activities. The analysis aims to assert that every person has a constitutional right to obtain and convey information like a professional journalist. A law is responsible for citizen journalism based on the law system of the press and code of ethics, which places citizen journalism products as a part of the news on press channels or press companies as the objects of the media that publish information. The concept of the principles of citizen journalism is related by maqashid shariah in Islam, which includes al-ahkam al-khamsah, namely religious protection (hifz al-din), protection of the soul (hifz al-nafs), protection of offspring (hifz al-nasl), protection of ideas/thoughts (hifz al-'aql), and protection of property (hifz al-mal).

Analisis Isi Penggunaan Kode Etik Foto Jurnalistik Pada Berita Kecelakaan Di Tribun Jambi

The Journalistic Code of Ethics plays a very important role in the world of the press as a guide to the values of the journalistic profession, so that the journalistic code of ethics must be understood and implemented by journalists. This research is motivated by problems in implementing the photojournalism code of ethics. The aim of this research is to find out how the photojournalism code of ethics is applied to accident news on Tribunjambi.com. The research approach that researchers use is a qualitative approach with content analysis. Qualitative research is research used to examine the condition of natural objects where the researcher is the core instrument. The types of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data with data collection through documentation, observation and interviews. Apart from that, data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation and data verification and are continued by checking the validity of the data. The results of this research can be concluded that the application of the code of ethics for photojournalism in general is still not in accordance with press law. Likewise with the journalistic code of ethics which regulates the work of journalists and media in broadcasting photos in news stories. Like other online media, the Tribunjambi.com website will of course try to implement the photojournalism code of ethics every day, but when implementing the photojournalism code of ethics, it is certainly not as easy as desired and expected. Factors that support Tribunjambi.com in implementing a journalistic code of ethics are the provision that Tribunjambi.com provides to its journalists before creating and broadcasting a story, looking for journalists who already have an understanding of the journalistic code of ethics, and providing advice and infrastructure that journalists need. and staff, while the inhibiting factor that journalists, editors in chief and publishers may face in implementing the code of ethics for photojournalism is that they forget or do not pay attention that photos containing sadistic elements should be blurred Keywords: Analysis, Code of Ethics, Photojournalism, Accident

Reflection of changes in post-war architecture and town planning of Kharkiv in periodical specialist publications

The article provides a historiographical overview of publications about the architecture and construction of Kharkov in professional architectural journals of Ukraine during the period of post-war reconstruction (1947-1955) and during the transition period of “changes in the artistic direction of Soviet architecture.” The article contains a description of the views and positions of Kharkov architects on current architectural and urban planning issues. This period of development of Kharkiv architecture and urban planning is fundamentally conceptually and stylistically heterogeneous. Accordingly, around the middle of the 1950s, the nature of the content and tone of the publications changed significantly. This is due to ideological and political transformations in the country as a whole, and in particular radical changes in the "ideological and creative direction" of Soviet architecture. The topics of the publications of Kharkiv architects considered in this article cover a wide range from the main provisions of the General Plans of the city to a critical examination of the features of specific buildings, as well as the problems of professional training of architects. The authors of the researched publications are architects-designers, construction engineers, officials, including the main architects of the city at that time, teachers of architectural universities. The beginning of the researched period is the post-war reconstruction of Kharkiv, the publications of the first post-war decade reflect the current architectural and urban planning practice, the prospects for the implementation of various aspects of the first master plan for the development of the city. Literary sources of the mid-1950s fully reflect the turn in the direction of the development of architecture on the example of Kharkov. Professional magazines pay more attention not to architectural activity, but to construction problems. The change in the name of the magazine indirectly indicates the beginning of a change in attitude towards the profession of an architect. The final part of this article will be published later; it covers publications during the transition to industrial construction of the 1960s - early 1970s.

ATTITUDE OF UNDERGRADUATE MASS COMMUNICATION STUDENTS OF BINGHAM UNIVERSITY TOWARDS JOURNALISM AS A CAREER

Research has shown that many mass communication graduates have been produced every year in Nigeria. However, only a few of them venture into journalism as a career. Using a quantitative approach, the researcher examined the attitude of undergraduate mass communication students of Bingham University, Nigeria, towards journalism as a career. The population of the study consists of 300 registered 100 to 400 level students in the Department of Mass Communication. Census method was adopted to sample the perception of the respondents towards journalism as a career. Online questionnaire via Google form was employed for data collection and analysis. The data were analyzed and presented in tables and bar chart. Hinged on the Perception Theory, findings revealed that majority (61.2%) of the participants have positive attitude towards journalism as a career. However, further finding shows that the risky and hazardous nature of journalism profession in Nigeria; such as killing, kidnapping, assault and discrimination against journalists, poor remuneration among others, immensely influenced the decision of some students to venture into other professions or careers rather than journalism after graduation. Based on the findings, the study recommended that media organizations and the Nigerian government should ensure adequate security for journalists on the line of duty, provide attractive working conditions such as appropriate salaries and allowances as well as job security and protection of the life of journalists so as to make journalism profession more attractive to the teeming young graduates of mass communication in Nigeria. Keywords: Attitude, Mass Communication, Bingham University, Journalism, Career

Research designs of publications in radiography professional journals - A modified bibliometric analysis

IntroductionEvidence based practice relies on availability of research evidence mostly through peer-reviewed journal publications. No consensus currently exists on the best hierarchy of research evidence, often categorised by the adopted research designs. Analysing the prevalent research designs in radiography professional journals is one vital step in considering an evidence hierarchy specific to the radiography profession and this forms the aim of this study. MethodsBibliometric data of publications in three Radiography professional journals within a 10-year period were extracted. The Digital Object Identifier were used to locate papers on publishers' websites and obtain relevant data for analysis. Descriptive analysis using frequencies and percentages were used to represent data while Chi-square was used to analyse relationship between categorical variables. Results1830 articles met the pre-set inclusion criteria. Quantitative descriptive studies were the most published design (26.6%) followed by non-RCT experimental studies (18.7%), while Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) were the least published (1.0%). Systematic reviews (42.9%) showed the highest average percentage increase within the 10-year period, however RCTs showed no net increase. Single-centre studies predominated among experimental studies (RCT = 88.9%; Non-RCT = 95%). Author collaboration across all study designs was notable, with RCTs showing the most (100%). Quantitative and qualitative studies comparatively had similar number of citations when publication numbers were matched. Quantitative descriptive studies had the highest cumulative citations while RCTs had the least. ConclusionThere is a case to advocate for more study designs towards the peak of evidence hierarchies such as systematic reviews and RCT. Radiography research should be primarily designed to answer pertinent questions and improve the validity of the profession's evidence base. Implication for practiceThe evidence presented can encourage the adoption of the research designs that enhances radiography profession's evidence base.