Rehabilitation Journals Research Articles

North American Brain Injury Societyʼs Ninth Annual Conference on Brain Injury

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation is a leading, peer-reviewed resource that provides up-to-date information on the clinical management and rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injuries. Six issues each year aspire to the vision of “knowledge informing care” and include a wide range of articles, topical issues, commentaries and special features. It is the official journal of the Brain Injury Association of America (BIAA).

Deriving Hounsfield units from the grey scale of a CBCT?

Free AccessLetter to the editorDeriving Hounsfield units from the grey scale of a CBCT?J BryantJ Bryant Cardiff University Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:13 Feb 2014https://doi.org/10.1259/dmfr/34858640SectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail AboutI should like to compliment P Mah, TE Reeves and WD McDavid on their comprehensive paper “Deriving Hounsfield units using grey levels in cone beam computed tomography”, in the September 2010 issue of DMFR.1 As the authors note, there has been a certain criticism of the accuracy of Hounsfield numbers from cone beam CT scanners, but relatively little quantitative study. I should therefore like to draw the authors’ attention to the paper from Bryant JA et al,2 which has several findings on the absolute accuracy of Hounsfield numbers that are complementary to the authors’ paper.Mah et al use a phantom with a water container that is quasi-uniform in the vertical direction in terms of the mass of material per horizontal, cross-sectional slice, largely because the water dominates. In our paper, using an i-CAT Classic, we found that the grey scale value varied linearly with the total mass in the slice and we strongly suspect that this is a universal result. I would invite Mah et al to take some additional containers with smaller diameters to check this dependence on mass. We found error in CT number as a function of the mass in a slice 0.4 mm thick:Knowing, from Mah et al, that many materials scale linearly with the attenuation coefficient for a given mass per slice and that this is true in a wide range of machines, a universal correction algorithm may be possible, at least for biological substances. Our paper proposed a trial algorithm for the i-CAT Classic that took into account the variation of mass in a slice according to the vertical position in the head.Furthermore, if, instead of averaging the grey scale values, a detailed plot is made, it becomes evident that the noise is far from insignificant. We obtained a noise level in signal as a function of mass in a slice 0.4 mm thick:This noise greatly reduces the ability to detect fine structures with small grey scale differences. Our paper also addresses some higher order distortions, but these are less intrusive than the zero order error (average values) and the basic noise.It is of interest to note that the first equation for the CT number error contains the term (mass [gram] -5). In other words, the i-CAT Classic gives approximately the correct Hounsfield value when the mass is 5 g in a 0.4 mm thick slice. An adult human head has on average 7 g per 0.4 mm slice of which 5 g are in the field of view (FOV) and 2 g belong to the back of the head outside the FOV.References1 Mah P , Reeves TE , McDavid WD . Deriving Hounsfield units using grey levels in cone beam computed tomography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2010;39:323–335. Link ISI, Google Scholar2 Bryant JA , Drage NA , Richmond S . Study of the scan uniformity from an i-CAT cone-beam CT dental imaging system. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2008;37:365–374. Link ISI, Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byDetection of Bone Mineral Density Changes by Subtraction of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images: A Pilot Study23 October 2017 | Journal of Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy, Vol. 8, No. 5Research of beam hardening effect in CBCT imagingOsteopenic consequences of botulinum toxin injections in the masticatory muscles: a pilot study17 May 2014 | Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol. 41, No. 8Accuracy of linear intraoral measurements using cone beam CT and multidetector CT: a tale of two CTsR Patcas, G Markic, L Müller, O Ullrich, T Peltomäki, C J Kellenberger and C A Karlo28 January 2014 | Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Vol. 41, No. 8 Volume 40, Issue 1January 2011Pages: 1-66 2011 The British Institute of Radiology History Published onlineFebruary 13,2014 Metrics Download PDF

North American Brain Injury Societyʼs Ninth Annual Conference on Brain Injury

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation is a leading, peer-reviewed resource that provides up-to-date information on the clinical management and rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injuries. Six issues each year aspire to the vision of “knowledge informing care” and include a wide range of articles, topical issues, commentaries and special features. It is the official journal of the Brain Injury Association of America (BIAA).

North American Brain Injury Societyʼs Ninth Annual Conference on Brain Injury

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation is a leading, peer-reviewed resource that provides up-to-date information on the clinical management and rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injuries. Six issues each year aspire to the vision of “knowledge informing care” and include a wide range of articles, topical issues, commentaries and special features. It is the official journal of the Brain Injury Association of America (BIAA).

North American Brain Injury Societyʼs Ninth Annual Conference on Brain Injury

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation is a leading, peer-reviewed resource that provides up-to-date information on the clinical management and rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injuries. Six issues each year aspire to the vision of “knowledge informing care” and include a wide range of articles, topical issues, commentaries and special features. It is the official journal of the Brain Injury Association of America (BIAA).

North American Brain Injury Societyʼs Ninth Annual Conference on Brain Injury

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation is a leading, peer-reviewed resource that provides up-to-date information on the clinical management and rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injuries. Six issues each year aspire to the vision of “knowledge informing care” and include a wide range of articles, topical issues, commentaries and special features. It is the official journal of the Brain Injury Association of America (BIAA).

Patients Drive Goal Setting in Psych Rehab Program

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Clinical & Research NewsFull AccessPatients Drive Goal Setting in Psych Rehab ProgramJoan Arehart-TreichelJoan Arehart-TreichelSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:5 Nov 2010https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.45.21.psychnews_45_21_023AbstractRecovery from schizophrenia or other serious mental illnesses has been a goal of American mental health services for some time now. But it is also the goal of Canadian mental health services and those in many other countries, Abraham Rudnick, M.D., Ph.D., reported at the annual meeting of the Canadian Psychiatric Association in Toronto in September.Abraham Rudnick, M.D.: “Many people on antipsychotics can work well if they start their work day around noon.”Credit: Joan Arehart-TreichelRudnick is an associate professor of psychiatry and philosophy at the University of Western Ontario. All of his patients have refractory schizophrenia. He works with them on their recovery, particularly on psychiatric rehabilitation issues.“Recovery is about having a meaningful life even if symptoms persist,” he explained. The goal of psychiatric rehabilitation is to help patients choose and pursue goals that will help them achieve a “meaningful” life, thus making psychiatric rehabilitation a key part of the recovery movement.Psychiatric rehabilitation began to come into its own in the 1970s through the efforts of William Anthony, Ph.D., executive director of the Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation in Boston, Rudnick noted. The field of psychiatric rehabilitation has since evolved into a unique discipline, is growing rapidly, has become evidence based, and has its own journals such as the Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal.“When it comes to helping a patient, or what we call a service user, with psychiatric rehabilitation, he or she drives the goals,” said Rudnick. “We help him or her work up a plan of recovery.”For example, if a service user wants to live independently in an apartment, the challenge for Rudnick and his staff is to determine whether such a goal is realistic for that individual, and if so, how they can help that person achieve it. Some service users can live independently, while others can live in supported housing or group homes. Some need intensive support for life; others do not, he noted.In another example he described, a service user wants to apply for a particular job, but does not function well in the morning because of the antipsychotic medications he has to take. Rudnick and his coworkers might suggest that he work out an arrangement with his prospective employer to start work around noon rather than at 9 a.m. “Many people on antipsychotics can work well if they start their work day around noon,” Rudnick said. “I have seen that happen again and again.”Cognitive impairments, such as problems with attention or difficulty solving problems, are a bigger hindrance to the recovery of patients with schizophrenia than psychotic symptoms are, Rudnick also noted. Thus cognitive remediation is an important new area of psychiatric rehabilitation. Much of it is about compensating for, rather than correcting, such problems, and it can help lead to employment and other achievements.Rudnick and his staff have experienced notable successes in their psychiatric rehabilitation efforts. For example, one service user with schizophrenia came to realize that he wanted to be a musician and a music teacher, and they helped him achieve it with job coaching and cognitive-behavioral therapy for dealing with psychosis.Psychiatric rehabilitation is also being taken into some creative new directions, Rudnick pointed out. For example, he and his colleagues have been training people with mental health challenges to become stand-up comedians—not necessarily with the goal of finding work in the field, although some have done so, but to increase their sense of self-confidence and ability to use humor in various situations.Even if psychiatrists do not want to become as involved with psychiatric rehabilitation as he has, they should still be partners in psychiatric rehabilitation efforts, Rudnick urged. “I think the most important thing that psychiatrists can do to help service users is to collaboratively plan care according to the users' life goals. This is the mainstay of facilitating recovery and commonly requires skills and resources that can be provided by others if the psychiatrist does not have the interest or ability to provide them.”An excellent resource on psychiatric rehabilitation for psychiatrists, Rudnick added, is the Web site of the U.S. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Association at <www.uspra.org>. That organization will hold its next annual meeting in Boston in June 2011. ISSUES NewArchived

A Brief Remembrance of a Life Well Lived

When nature removes a great man, people explore the horizon for a successor. But none comes and none will, for his class is extinguished with him. —Urho Kekkonen As a young man Mark Ylvisaker planned to be a philosopher, and while he often teased that he was happy to “get that out of [his] system” he retained the soul of a philosopher to the end. His orientation to his work is best summarized in the ancient dictum that “theory without practice is dead, practice without theory is blind.” While Mark was joyfully engaged in the daily labors of a practicing clinician and college professor and was well versed in the state-of-the-art professional literature, many of the principles that guided Mark's work can actually be found in the wisdom of Plato, Kant, and Spinoza. He was passionately committed to providing his students and peers with practical strategies to use in their day-to-day practice that were built upon a strong theoretical foundation. An ever-curious clinician and mentor, Mark sought, and in many ways created, a functional and systematic approach to helping individuals with brain injury. He was instrumental in the development of a literature base that provided practicing clinicians with a practical framework for intervention that supports meaningful engagement, improvement of self-regulation, and the construction of identity. A prolific writer, Mark authored over 100 publications, including 5 books; his book, Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Children and Adolescents, is generally accepted as the authoritative resource for those supporting young people with brain injury. “Hey ya pal, you got a minute? This is going to be something!” Mark used this friendly greeting to begin many conversations; a down-to-earth salutation that captures Mark's ever-buoyant spirit and is, in many ways, a most accurate expression of who he was. It is a demonstration of hopeful welcome from a person whose life was committed to hope, an invitation to collaboration from an individual committed to collaborative problem solving when confronting challenging issues, and an optimistic orientation to the prospect of working together. Mark was a “glass-is-half-full” guy, or more accurately, a “glass-is-way-full-and-overflowing” guy. His optimism was infectious and he had the enviable capacity to make anyone who came in contact with him find the best in any situation, no matter how difficult. He saw the best in everyone and brought out the best in the many people who had the great fortune of working with him. You could not help but like him, even if you did not agree with him, and his depth of knowledge and his talent at demonstrating the wisdom of his beliefs made it very difficult to disagree with him. Trained in communication disorders, many people had difficulty determining Mark's exact profession. Because he had a depth of knowledge and clinical skill that traversed multiple disciplines, an ability to explain the clinical importance of evidence from many literatures, and an uncanny ability to make connections across seemingly dissimilar areas, his work transcended assignment to any single profession. Given his multiple talents and extensive body of work, it is easy to understand why he had such immense effect on multiple professions including speech-language pathology, behavioral psychology, special education, neuropsychology, and rehabilitation. His broad influence is reflected in the roster of contributors to this special section, each representing a different area of interest and professional concentration, and each eagerly agreeing that Mark's work informed in the practice. He would have liked this. Mark was 1 in a million. An original and gifted thinker, expert clinician, world-class lecturer, and exceptional writer, he found his greatest happiness in his daily work supporting individuals with brain injury. His 30 years of distinctive work has had profound influence on the field of brain injury rehabilitation and his impact will remain long after his heartbreaking death from cancer. Given his unique talents and significant impact on the field, it is fitting that the Editors of the Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation have chosen to grant the extraordinary honor of including a special section in his memory. He would have really liked this.

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

State of the Journal, 2010

State of the Journal, 2010

Patients, Clients, Consumers, Survivors et al: What's in a Name?

Patients, Clients, Consumers, Survivors et al: What's in a Name?

Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation: August 2010 - Volume 89 - Issue 8 - p 687 doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181e722c8

American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation 25th Annual Meeting

Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention: July/August 2010 - Volume 30 - Issue 4 - p 265-278 doi: 10.1097/HCR.0b013e3181e758b5

Shooting Disabled Soldiers: Medicine and Photography in World War I America

This article challenges conventional theories about the role of medical photography in the early twentieth century. Some scholars argue that the camera intensified the Foucauldian medical gaze, reducing patients to mere pathologies. Others maintain that with the rise of the new modern hospital and its state-of-the-art technologies, the patient fell from view entirely, with apertures pointing toward streamlined operating rooms rather than the human subjects who would go under the knife. The Army Surgeon General's World War I rehabilitation journal, Carry On: A Magazine on the Reconstruction of Disabled Soldiers and Sailors, problematizes these assumptions. Hoping to persuade a skeptical public that the Army's new programs in medical rehabilitation for disabled soldiers provided the best means of veteran welfare, the editorial officials at Carry On photographed patients fully clothed, wounds hidden, engaged in everyday activities in order to give the impression that the medical sciences of the day could cure permanent disabilities. In the end, Carry On shows us that medical doctors could, and did, use photography to conceal as well as reveal the reality faced by injured soldiers. In doing so, they (like other Progressive reformers at the time) hoped to persuade the public that rehabilitation had the power to make the wounds of war disappear.

The virtual physiological human: computer simulation for integrative biomedicine I

Contemporary biomedical research and clinical practice face a major challenge: the classic reductionist approach, which we successfully used for decades to dissect at more and more detail the components and mechanisms underlying the physiology and pathology of organism, is now showing its limits.

Letter.

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article LetterFull AccessLetterMaggie Jarry M.S.Lindy Fox M.A., L.A.D.C.Carol Coussons de Reyes M.S.Maggie Jarry M.S.Search for more papers by this authorLindy Fox M.A., L.A.D.C.Search for more papers by this authorCarol Coussons de Reyes M.S.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 May 2010https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2010.61.5.532AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Lifting the Veil: ReplyIn Reply: More than five million children in the United States have a parent with a serious mental illness, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, and some of these parents have co-occurring addictions. It is estimated that 68% of women and 57% of men with a serious mental illness are parents ( 1 ) and that 73% of women and 68% of men with posttraumatic stress disorder are parents ( 2 ). Yet it remains common to find mental health professionals who are unaware of or unwilling to see the relevance of this topic to their work and to the success of the people they serve. With this in mind, we strongly urge readers to consider the concrete recommendations in the letter from Dr. Heru and her colleagues. However, the scope of this dialogue and their recommendations should go further. Our key message is this: Just as we now recognize that employment is a viable option for people with mental illness, we need to recognize that parenting is also a viable life choice for these individuals, including those with illnesses regarded as severe and persistent. Supported parenting should be integrated into all adult mental health systems. Training for mental health professionals should include an understanding of the benefits of working with families. Professionals should be aware of and make available the supportive resources needed to address consumer parents' deepest concerns for their children and thereby contribute to parent and family wellness. Strengthening parenting skills enhances familial attachment and motivates parents toward recovery while also addressing the developmental needs of their children. Data should be collected on the parenting status of people who use adult mental health systems in order to understand where supportive parenting resources can be incorporated. Resources to enhance psychoeducation for young family members exist and are being rapidly developed in the United States and abroad (the fall 2009 special issue of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal provides an overview). These resources can be used today while we develop a national infrastructure for supported parenting. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration should publish materials for supportive education of children who have a parent with mental illness, as it has for children with addicted parents. Furthermore, parents should not fear losing custody of their children when they disclose their personal health information to any authority, nor should adults who access mental health services be discouraged from having children if that is one of their life goals. For these reasons, mental health systems should partner with child and family services systems to support families.Understanding the unique experiences of daughters and sons who have a parent with mental illness should be a goal of future research. Daughters and sons need access to information that identifies and normalizes their common experiences. Research should go beyond estimating the statistical likelihood of future mental illness among these children to encompass other aspects of this group's experience and demographic characteristics. Daughters and sons often report difficulty with identity formation and preoccupation with the belief that they will experience the same mental illness as their parents. Therefore, we urge that the recommendations in this letter be balanced with an understanding that the need to screen children for illnesses is small compared with the need to unveil fortifying messages of resilience and hope within the family.Ms. Jarry, author of the December Personal Accounts column, is joined in her response by Ms. Fox, who is affiliated with the Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Concord, New Hampshire, and Ms. Coussons de Reyes, a certified peer specialist with the Office of Consumer Affairs, Division of Behavioral Health, Lincoln, Nebraska.

The AJPM&amp;R and International PM&amp;R

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation: February 2010 - Volume 89 - Issue 2 - p 89 doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181d0391b

A Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Course for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residents

Musculoskeletal ultrasound is an imaging modality that can be used to evaluate nerve, tendon, muscle, ligament, and joint disorders and to guide therapeutic procedures. A growing proportion of physiatrists are interested in musculoskeletal ultrasound as demonstrated by the increasing number of musculoskeletal ultrasound articles published in physical medicine and rehabilitation journals and quantity of musculoskeletal ultrasound courses and workshops at physical medicine and rehabilitation conferences. The Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation residency program developed a musculoskeletal ultrasound course for their physical medicine and rehabilitation residents, which was implemented in 2008. A detailed description of the course is provided in this article. In addition, results from a premusculoskeletal ultrasound course and postmusculoskeletal ultrasound course practical and written test are presented, and the results of a postmusculoskeletal ultrasound course resident survey are discussed. This information can be used by other physical medicine and rehabilitation residency programs to assist in the creation of their own musculoskeletal ultrasound course.

WORK: A historical evaluation of the impact and evolution of its editorial board

A historical review of the editorial board and the founding editor of WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation was conducted to examine the understanding of the editorship and contributions of this team to the knowledge in WORK. The team of four authors worked together to identify an approach to evaluate the contributions and impact of WORK's editorial board (EB) on the journal's scholarship. The editor-in-chief (EIC) and editorial board members were participants in this evaluation. Informative and formative evaluations were used to investigate how knowledge was shaped through the development of an epistemic community of scholars in the field of work. Metrics of the EB composition and participation in the journal as well as surveys and interviews with the board and the editor-in-chief were analyzed. The EB represents an international community of scholars with a common interest in work and who contribute academically both within WORK and beyond. The epistemic community that has evolved through the editorial board represents a pluralistic perspective on work that is needed to inform practice, and knowledge. Future directions to continue to advance knowledge through WORK's editorial board and EIC are elaborated.

Online Publication and the Impact Factor

Online Publication and the Impact Factor