Journal Of Geophysical Research Research Articles

Quantifying adiabatic motion in the outer radiation belt and ring current with invariant matching

Adiabatic motion is a fundamental reversible process for geomagnetically trapped particle populations, including particles comprising the ring current and radiation belts. During adiabatic motion, a particle’s trajectory in configuration space responds to sufficiently slow changes in the magnetospheric magnetic field. Previous research has highlighted expected patterns in adiabatic motion, such as radial motion or the Dst effect. In this work, we introduce a method we call Invariant Matching for quantifying adiabatic motion between a pair of magnetospheres. This method can be applied to both simulation and semi-empirical magnetic field models, is computationally efficient, and in particular does not require tracing the particle trajectories. In this work, we use the Tsyganenko et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2005, 110 (TS05) magnetic field model, and present adiabatic motion between a storm commencement, the time of the storm’s Dst minimum, and a nominal recovery time. We also analyze adiabatic motion which occurs in response to enhancements of individual major current systems (including the ring current, Chapman-Ferraro current, Birkeland current, and tail current). Our methodology yields vector fields quantifying the displacement of mirror points throughout the magnetosphere, prepared in a way appropriate for application to both outer radiation belt and ring current populations.

Comment on “Comparison of the Efficiencies of the Prognostic Generalized Complementary Functions on Evaporation Estimation” by Wang, L., et al., Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

AbstractSurprising significant underperformance of the polynomial complementary relationship (PCR) of evaporation (Szilagyi et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025611) by Wang et al. (2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jd038683) is caused by the (a) station‐by‐station application of a grid‐based estimation procedure of the Priestley‐Taylor parameter (α) value, and (b) choice of the wind function. Application of the Rome wind function in the Penman equation together with either a well‐chosen single (constant) α or α as a function of the wet‐environment air temperature, should result in much improved evaporation estimates by the PCR in line with previous studies.

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OC_3S: An optical classification and spectral scoring system for global waters using UV–visible remote sensing reflectance

Classification of water bodies is an effective means of understanding the optical properties of aquatic environments. However, most existing water classification systems are mainly based on the visible domain, and the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength, which has important impacts on the growth of phytoplankton, has received less focus. In this study, we developed a novel water classification and spectral scoring system (denoted OC_3S) using 26,709 global in situ hyperspectral data. These spectral data range from the UV to visible domain (380 nm to 750 nm), covering waters from clear to turbid. OC_3S classified water types into 30 classes, providing detailed information on the inherent optical properties and apparent optical properties of different water classes and quality assurance of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) spectra for multiple sensor data. The results show that OC_3S can capture high-quality Rrs data with little loss of data volume. For example, the uncertainty of Rrs (443) can be reduced by ∼1.33 % at the cost of 5 % of observations in oligotrophic oceans. In addition, OC_3S performs more stably in turbid water classes compared to the QA system (Wei, J., Lee, Z., & Shang, S., 2016b. A system to measure the data quality of spectral remote‐sensing reflectance of aquatic environments. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 8189–8207) because the coefficient of variation of OC_3S scores in turbid waters can be reduced by ∼44 % compared to that of QA scores. Moreover, good consistency was observed when OC_3S was applied to multiple current satellite images due to its superior tolerance to potential errors in atmospheric correction and radiometric calibration. Our OC_3S is capable of reducing the uncertainty of satellite products and could be applied to future sensors with UV bands (e.g., PACE).

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Preface: Special Issue on Ophiolites and Oceanic Lithosphere

AbstractWith this Preface, we provide background information, a scientific overview of topics, and an annotated bibliography of the 63 papers published in the Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR) Special Issue on “Ophiolites and Oceanic Lithosphere, with a Focus on the Samail Ophiolite,” collected online at https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356.SAMAIL1. Topics covered in the Special Issue include formation and alteration of igneous ocean crust at submarine spreading centers, subduction zone mass transfer at the leading edge of the mantle wedge, the tectonic emplacement and evolution of ophiolites, processes of alteration and weathering of tectonically exhumed mantle peridotite, and the subsurface biosphere in the peridotite weathering environment. The bibliography, in the form of a supplementary Excel spreadsheet with links to each paper, is organized by topic, but can be sorted by first author, order of publication, specific Oman Drilling Project boreholes, and other factors.

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