Jones Points Research Articles

Geochronology and geomorphology of the Jones Point glacial landform in Lower Hudson Valley (New York): Insight into deglaciation processes since the Last Glacial Maximum

The glacial deposits at Jones Point, located on the western side of the lower Hudson River, New York, were investigated with geologic, geophysical, remote sensing and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating methods to build an interpretation of landform origin, formation and timing. OSL dates on eight samples of quartz sand, seven single-aliquot, and one single-grain of quartz yield an age range of 14–27 ka for the proglacial and glaciofluvial deposits at Jones Point. Optical age results suggest that Jones Point deposits largely predate the glacial Lake Albany drainage erosional flood episode in the Hudson River Valley ca. 15–13 ka. Based on this data, we conclude that this major erosional event mostly removed valley fill deposits, leaving elevated terraces during deglaciation at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Our analysis supports the earlier 15 ka date for the flood occurrence and suggests that more recent overlying glaciofluvial deposits formed in the lee-side of the Jones Point promontory.

The Darwin archipelago: the naturalist's career beyond Origin of species

Charles Darwin is of course best known for Voyage of the Beagle and Origin of Species. But he produced many other books over his long career, exploring specific aspects of the theory of evolution by natural selection in greater depth. The eminent evolutionary biologist Steve Jones uses these lesser-known works as springboards to examine how their essential ideas have generated whole fields of modern biology.Earthworms helped found modern soil science, Expression of the Emotions helped found comparative psychology, and Self-Fertilization and Forms of Flowers were important early works on the origin of sex. Through this delightful introduction to Darwin's oeuvre, one begins to see Darwin's role in biology as resembling Einstein's in physics: he didn't have one brilliant idea but many and in fact made some seminal contribution to practically every field of evolutionary study. Though these lesser-known works may seem disconnected, Jones points out that they all share a common theme: the power of small means over time to produce gigantic ends. Called a world of wonders by the Times of London, Darwin Archipelago will expand any reader's view of Darwin's genius and will demonstrate how all of biology, like life itself, descends from a common ancestor.

'Aktionsart' in the Old High German Passive, with Special Reference to the 'Tatian' and 'Isidor' Translations by Howard Jones

884 Reviews as well as by critics), namely a discrepancy between themodalities of translation thathe advocates (faithful, transparent) and what he actually produces: unfaithful, highlymediated and manipulated texts thatoften tellusmore about him than about their original author, and which are in some cases more closely identifiedwith his signature thanwith that of the 'real*author. There are compelling implications to Insana's analysis, particularly concerning the fusion of authorial identities and of witnessing voices resulting from the translation process, which produces an almost corporeal effecton both the translator's physical and textual body/corpus (p. 225). Insana does not fully explore these implications, neither does she engage in a sustained way with issues of intertextuality raised by her argument. However, she does point to a wealth of new directions in research on Levi as translator,which will benefit from the contribution made by this carefully researched study. University of Birmingham Charlotte Ross Aktionsart' in theOld High German Passive, with Special Reference to the 'Tatian and Tsidor Translations. By Howard Jones. (Beitrage zur germanistischen Sprachwissenschaft, 20) Hamburg: Buske. 2009. xii+272pp. 58. ISBN 978 3-87548-541-7. This detailed study of the passive inOld High German, principally in the Tatian and Isidor translations, but with reference to other texts and with additional con siderations of the situation inGothic and Anglo-Saxon, has, of course, to balance extreme thoroughness against areas where there is simply not enough material in Old High German to permit final judgements, but thework is a full and useful one. The aim is to use an Aktionsart-based model to consider the uuerdan/uuesan distribution of Old High German passives, which differs in the twomain bodies of text under discussion, and the author discusses early on the close proximity of Aktionsart to aspect. Itmight be noted that in the early 1950s Jeffrey Ellis was clear in his Old High German Grammar (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953) that they are not the same. In general terms,moving on from the simplest model of Vorgangs- and Zustandspassiv, there are almost limitless possibilities of distinction (see page 4), but thiswork concentrates on the eventive, resultative, and stative categories ofAktionsart. After a detailed examination first of the Latin passive as such, then of the two main texts, followed bymore selective discussions of the other Old High German and comparative monuments, Jones reaches the conclusion that the ungramma ticalized model remains in the Tatian translation, with some copular alignment in the Isidor, but with no real auxiliarization of uuerdan, which is the only verb used in the Isidor. In the other Old High German texts, theMonsee fragments and Otfrid also show copular alignment, but full grammaticalization of uuerdan is not obvious until Notker. Jones draws some attention to the customary claims for the superiority of the Isidor text against the Tatian translation, but is aware (and this becomes clear at the conclusion) that it is as much a question of (genre-based) MLR, 105.3, 2010 885 difference rather than relative skill.At all events,with the use ofOld High German periphrastic passives, slavish adherence isnot really a serious problem, permitting even gloss-type material to be analysed. The Benedictine Rule does not in fact contribute much (as Jones points out), but theMurbach hymns are interesting, providing one significant example (discussed on pages 202-03) where traditur (11. 8. 2) is rendered kasalt istand traduntur (vm. 4. 1) as kiselit uuerdant. Overall, the results are clear and convincing, although of course there are in dividual cases which one might want to discuss further, especially in thematter of anteriorization, which is probably the most difficult issue in the work. One might recall, though it is not considered here, the (later) Ludwigslied's celebrated sang uuas gisungan, uuig uuas bigunnan. With the Tatian translation, the ultimate acceptance of the debated rendering in Tatian 217. 5 (discussed on page 122) of arhangan ist rendering crucifixus est surelymust be anterior (and compare perhaps the Weissenburg and StGall Creeds). With the Isidor translation, the renderings of (Paruolus) natus est nobis with a present tense (uuirdit uns chiboran) might (also) show extra-linguistic influences based on liturgical familiarity. The arguments for interpreting gasaihvans warp inGothic as transitional (p. 220) are...

Mandatory Use of ADR in Construction—A Fundamental Change from Voluntary Participation

Resolving disputes is undoubtedly part of the daily activities of construction professionals. Construction disputes typically have both technical and legal dimensions. For this reason, courts may not be the most appropriate forum for settling construction disputes. Alternative dispute resolution techniques is a generic description used to identify a wide range of resolution processes that aim to resolve disputes speedily and cost efficiently. In fact the acronym ADR can also stand for amicable dispute resolution to reflect these desired outcomes. The ADR movement in construction has gathered momentum since the 1980s and is now widely practiced in the construction industries of many countries. Notwithstanding this wide adoption, the geographical differences attributed to cultural factors, maturity of the industry, and prevalent legal systems in force are influencing the use of ADR practices. Furthermore, participation in ADR techniques remains largely voluntary, and the legal ramifications arising from them remain uncharted. The associate editor of the Legal Affairs Section, the editor of JPI, and ASCE are to be commended for their vision in promoting this special issue on Legal Aspects in Alternative Dispute Resolution. From its very inception, ADR has been a form of assisted negotiation, in which settlement of a dispute is facilitated by a neutral third party. A notable example is mediation, whereby the mediator assists the disputants in coming to an agreement through shuttle diplomacy. Nevertheless, other ADR forms that are more adjudicatory have emerged and even acquired statutory mandates in recent years. This special issue includes six papers. In a forum paper, Jones provides a timely summary of the forms of dispute resolution available for use in construction. The dispute resolution processes are categorized in three groups: administrative issue resolution, nonbinding nature dispute resolution, and binding nature dispute resolution. Notably, there is no hard and fast rule on choice; nonetheless, Jones points out that ADR can be an effective and efficient method of resolving disputes if used in the correct way and in the correct situations. More specifically, the nature of the dispute is the decisive factor in choice. The summary of Jones on the forms of dispute resolution suggests a trend of imposing statutory adjudication in several jurisdictions. The United Kingdom is a notable example because of the enactment of the Housing Grants Construction and Regeneration Act in 1996. Among other measures used in addressing typical problems in construction contract practices, parties to a construction contract, under the act, have the right to refer disputes to adjudication. Kennedy, through his Adjudication Reporting Center, collected valuable data on the use of adjudication in the U.K. construction industry since 1996. A decline in the number of mediation cases was noted, as well as an increase in the use

TERRORISM: Evolving Regional Alliances and State Failure in mindanao

The death of Azahari bin Husin in shoot-out with Indonesian police near the East Java town of Malang on 9 November 2005 was widely acclaimed as the most important victory against the regional terror group Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) since the capture of Hambali.1 But it became increasingly clear during the year that Malaysian-born Dr Azahari ? known as the Demolition Man for his skills in assembling the first Bali bombs that killed 202 three years earlier ? did not answer to the JI hierarchy and was operating as his own man. Indeed, in 2005 it became obvious that old ways of thinking about JI and regional terrorism were no longer adequate ? if they ever were in the first place. The dominant model, perpetuated in the media by prominent commentators Rohan Gunaratna and Zachary Abuza, views JI as an al-Qaeda franchise, with clearly demarcated command structure and organizational boundaries, dedicated to the establishment of an Islamic caliphate embracing much of Southeast Asia. To the extent this image was ever valid, as Sidney Jones points out, it represents five-year-old snapshot of JI with little relevance today.2 A fluid pattern of alignment and realignment between autonomous jihadi factions characterized the terrorist threat in 2005, and this trend is likely to strengthen in the future. What knits these factions loosely together is not a horizontal and exceptionally compartmentalized organization with very rigid cell structure, as Abuza insisted after Bali's second series of suicide bombings on 1 October 2005,3 but shared world-view based on personal allegiances forged in exile, training camps on the Afghan border, or the conflict zones of Sulawesi, Maluku, and ? looking forward ? Mindanao. Gunaratna has even declared Mindanao

Dr. Kapur Replies

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Letter to the EditorFull AccessDr. Kapur RepliesSHITIJ KAPUR, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.C., SHITIJ KAPURSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.C., Toronto, Ont., CanadaPublished Online:1 Feb 2004https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.377-aAboutSectionsView EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail To the Editor: I thank Drs. Crane and Freudenreich for emphasizing that descriptive and empirical studies of psychopathology are as important as neuroscientific discoveries in any brain-mind syntheses and for drawing attention to the seminal work by Chapman and colleagues as an early example of careful attention to phenomenology and psychopathology. Dr. Freudenreich provides a good example of a subtle yet remarkable difference between “delusional memories” versus “memory of a delusion.” Unless neuroscientists play attention to such details, the powerful new sciences may end up chasing elusive targets.Dr. Jones criticizes my article for providing a simple model of schizophrenia based on quantitative change in dopamine function. The target article is a model of psychosis, not schizophrenia (p. 18 in my article). While it argues for a prominent role for dopamine, it does not claim any exclusivity for it (p. 18). Dr. Jones points out that dopamine-based therapies do not work for nearly one-third of the patients, and therefore, these dopamine-related ideas may not have relevance to their psychosis. This is a fair critique. However, little is known about the biology of nonresponders that is reliable and replicable. There are no diagnostic or predictive markers of nonresponse. The only consensus is that some of them respond to clozapine, but then clozapine binds to over a dozen receptors, precluding any simple conclusions. Thus, the reason I did not attempt to explain the nonresponder issue is not that it is unimportant but because I found it difficult to synthesize the information into a coherent narrative.Dr. Gray criticizes the article for omitting reference to earlier articles by him and his colleagues, most prominent among them the article in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1991). The omission is regrettable, it was unintentional, and I missed that article just as it seems to have escaped the attention of MEDLINE. Regardless, the article by Dr. Gray and colleagues also tried to address how a neurobiological lesion might lead to symptoms by means of the disruption of a core psychological process. However, there are major differences. The focus of their claim is a putative neuroanatomical lesion (of the hippocampus or accumbens), not the clinical picture or phenomenology. The core psychological lesion in their model is a “failure…to integrate stored memories…with ongoing motor programs,” as opposed to concepts of reward/salience, as in my article. Apart from the fact that antipsychotics are seen as dopamine blockers, little attention is paid to the nature and phenomenology of antipsychotic response and less still is said about the process of symptom resolution. As for the critique that I unfairly dismissed latent inhibition as a model of attentional abnormalities, some of the authors of the article by Dr. Gray et al. also see it as a model of attentional deficits (1), and others question whether it models attentional deficits at all (2, 3). Furthermore, the single largest clinical study of latent inhibition failed to find evidence for a disruption of latent inhibition or for the effects of treatment on latent inhibition (4). Nonetheless, I agree with their final point: that this discussion belonged in the original article, not here as an afterthought.Reprints are not available; however, Letters to the Editor can be downloaded at http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org.

Alfred C. Kinsey: a pioneer of sex research.

Alfred C. Kinsey: a pioneer of sex research.

Counterstrain and traditional osteopathic examination of the cervical spine compared

This study addresses five questions: what is the inter-examiner reliability of diagnostic tests used in strain-counterstrain (S-CS) technique; how does this compare with the reliability of the traditional osteopathic examination (‘TART’ exam); how reliable are different aspects of the TART exam; do positive findings of Jones's points correlate with positive findings of spine dysfunction; are osteopathic students more reliable with S-CS diagnosis or TART tests? Two blinded examiners examined S-CS ‘Jones's points’ located in the upper cervical region in 18 subjects—either symptomatic patients with chronic neck pain or non-symptomatic control subjects. TART tests studied here included palpation for restriction of motion (ROM), local tissue texture changes (TTC) and joint capsule tenderness (JT). Reliability was computed using per cent agreement and Cohen's kappa ratio (κ). The results show that S-CS diagnosis is more reliable than traditional (TART) tests when evaluating symptomatic patients. S-CS produced 72.7% agreement (κ = 0.45) between examiners, whereas TART scored 67.5% (κ = 0.38). But S-CS is less reliable than TART when evaluating non-symptomatic patients. Among the three TART tests, JT was the most reliable (76.9%, 0.529), followed by TTC (70.4%, 0.190) and ROM (66.7%, 0.344). At individual vertebral levels, agreement was greatest at C 0-C 1 (75.9%, 0.49) and poorest at C 2−C 3 (63.9%, 0.24). Few of the Jones's points correlated well with the cervical articulations which they ostensibly represent. Second-year osteopathic students performed much better at S-CS diagnosis (64.2%, 0.20) than TART diagnosis (56.2%, 0.12).

Cutting Philomela's Tongue: The Cocktail Party's Cure for a Disorderly World

Although readers of T.S. Eliot's The Cocktail Party (1949) have long noted its connection to his 1940 tract The Idea of Christian Society, none have fully or critically explored the play's social agenda. Like Eliot's earlier treatise, The Cocktail Party presents a hierarchical world view that is alarming in its implications for both class and gender. Occasionally, the play's class implications have disturbed critics. For example, David Jones comments on the "Christian conspiracy" of the play's Guardians; this elite group, who as Jones points out "set themselves apart," manipulate rather than aid, dictate rather than discuss. However, the implications of the play 's violence against women have never been examined.

Age, sex, and antemortem loss of teeth in prehistoric Eskimo samples from point hope and Kodiak Island, Alaska

AbstractThe incidence of teeth lost antemortem was investigated in 244 archeologically derived dried skeletal specimens from the Ipiutak and Tigara burials at Point Hope, Alaska, and 83 Koniag Eskimo specimens excavated at Jones Point, Uyak Bay, Kodiak Island, Alaska. Ipiutak skeletal remains date from approximately 1500 years B.P. and the Tigara remains from 300–400 years B.P. The Kodiak Island sample is undated. Specimens were sexed and aged in five‐year groupings using standard techniques. Teeth lost antermortem were identified as having occupied tooth sockets which showed healing of alveolar bone following exfoliation. Numbers of lost teeth were calculated as percentages of total number of tooth sites of each tooth classification for each age, sex, and site subgrouping.Tooth loss was very low in the Kodiak Island sample, with little difference between sexes and no identifiable age trends. The Tigara ramains displayed moderate tooth loss, with strong correlations to increasing age and little differentiation between the sexes. The Ipiutak specimens lost the most teeth antemortem, with notable between‐sex differences and strong correlations with increasing age. In all groups loss of anterior teeth was probably due to accident or heavy wear, while loss of posterior teeth was due to heavy wear, periodontal disease, or agenesis.

Exorcism And Baptism In Leroi Jones's The Toilet

LEROI JONES'S The Toilet HAS ATI'RACTED several unfavorable reviews and little constructive criticism. Opinion generally is that the play's unpleasant setting and violent obscenity are meant only to shock, and that the sentimentality of the ending does not redeem the harshness that goes before. The play is certainly brutal, but its brutality is carefully staged to suggest the acting out of a ritual. Language and setting indicate that this ritual is an adolescent exorcism of the maternal, ironically changing course near the play's end to emphasize Jones's point that maternal values must be incorported, rather than destroyed.

A Proposed Model for Measuring the Ecological Process of Dominance

T HE concept of dominance as it has developed and been used within the field of ecology has culminated in the formulation of the metropolitan region. The basis of the metropolitan region hinges on two concepts. The first is the center, the metropolitan community, and the second is the hinterland which is necessary for the metropolitan center to serve and by which it is in turn served.1 The proponents of this position emphasised one aspect of this principle of dominance-the function of the center-and have ignored the secondthe hinterland. They have taken Gras's statement of the relationship of the two and have failed to consider the broader implications of his writings.2 Gras points out the necessity of a hinterland for the existence of a metropolitan center, but at the same time he insists that you cannot reify one at the expense of the other. Indeed, implied in the writing is the injunction that extent and degree of functional integration imposed on the hinterland by the metropolitan center is an empirical question waiting to be demonstrated rather than an ad hoc assumption to be treated as a reality. Thus, the ecologist finds himself in the position of stating dominance exists because metropolitan centers exist ipso facto; and the concept of the hinterland is dragged along behind, not because they exist, but because it is obvious that each metropolitan center must have a hinterland. Following this reasoning, it is not difficult to take the next step and allocate the entire land area of the United States to one of the n number of metropolitan centers. As Lewis W. Jones points out, the concept of hinterland is left lacking in the development of the concept of dominance and he calls attention to an obvious deficiency and suggests three types of hinterlands with a characterization of each.3 The purpose of this paper is not to deny the principle of dominance as developed in the literature, but rather to question the pervasiveness of its influence in the United States. Rather than use the principle of dominance as an explanatory concept, let us use it as an analytical variable to test the relative importance of dominance on a part or the entire land area of the United States. In this context, the principle of dominance can be a heuristic device to analyze the relative influence of the metropolitan center on the surrounding hinterland. Paralleling the development of the concept of dominance have been the many studies oriented around the concept of the homogeneous region, the rural region, and rural society, which have stressed either social characteristics or have stressed a composite region including social and economic indices. One of the most extensive studies into the composite homogeneous region has been done by the late Howard W. Odum4 and his associates at the University of North Carolina. Just as the accusation of reification of the concept of dominance can be raised for the present proponents of the metropolitan concept, the accusation of environment-cultural determinist has been leveled at the studies of homogeneous regions. In comparing the two positions, there are two points in common. First, they both encompass the idea of spatial orientation. Second, they both stress the non-random distribution of certain attributes in space. The homogeneous region stresses the non-random distribution as represented by the clustering of attributes into compact contiguous subregions. The metropolitan community stresses the non-random distribution of attributes along a continuum of distance from the central city. By using these two common features, it is possible to use the definition given by Bogue and at the same time propose a statistical model which can be used to test the relative importance of these two concepts in space as well as through time.

EXTENSION OF YORKTOWN FORMATION (MIOCENE) OF VIRGINIA INTO MARYLAND

In northeastern Tidewater Virginia and in southern Maryland the gray unweathered marine marls, clays, and sands of the Chesapeake group (Miocene) exposed in the high bluffs on Rappahannock and Potomac rivers and on Chesapeake Bay are overlain by 60-80 feet or more of sand and gravel. Previous investigators have treated this sand and gravel as one unit and referred it either to the so-called Lafayette formation (Pliocene?) or to the Sunderland formation (Pleistocene). We divide the sand and gravel unit into two formations. The lower formation consists mainly of 40-60 feet of strikingly soft, loose, medium to coarse sand with interbedded lenses of gravel and subordinate light-gray clay partings. Glauconite is present in some beds. The basal bed is a fine gravel that rests unconformably on the unweathered Miocene strata, transgressing northwestward across both the St. Marys and the Choptank formations. Locally the materials are indurated to ferruginous sandstone and conglomerate, and one such mass at Nomini Cliffs (Horsehead Cliffs), Virginia, yielded an impression of Halymenites major Lesquereux. This fossil, representing a supposed marine organism, and the glauconite, the clay laminae, and the soft, loose texture of the sand, indicate the shallow marine origin of the formation. Unconformably above the marine sand in the higher bluffs is 10-25 feet or more of medium to coarse, more or less ferruginous sand and lenses of gravel, with scattered pebbles and cobbles of quartz and occasional boulders of crystalline rock along the base (Pleistocene terrace deposits). These sands and gravels are locally indurated with iron oxide cement. In the higher bluffs (120-160 feet high) these deposits are interpreted to be the Sunderland formation; in the lower bluff (94 feet high) south of Jones Point on Rappahannock River, Virginia, they may belong to the Wicomico formation. Fossils have been found in the Yorktown formation within a few miles of the lower sand and gravel formation, at altitudes that would permit the latter to fall within the stratigraphic limits of the Yorktown. The lower formation is therefore considered a northward extension of the Yorktown formation (Miocene).