Joint Research Project Research Articles

Comparison of Lp(a) assessment in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease between office-based cardiologists and general practitioners

Abstract Background Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels are a major risk factor that contribute to the development of ASCVD. Different guidelines for the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia are available in Germany. The German Cardiac Society recognized the 2019 ESC/EAS guideline for the management of dyslipidemia and endorses the measurement of Lp(a) at least once in a lifetime to identify those with very high inherited Lp(a) levels >180 mg/dL (>430 nmol/L) . The Nationale Versorgungsleitlinie, however, does not recommend testing of Lp(a). Methods and Objectives LipidSnapshot is a joint research project consisting of two parts. Part 1 is a prospective, non-interventional multicenter research project at office-based cardiologists (OBCs). Data from 1500 adults with known coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, prior myocardial infarction and/or ischemic stroke are collected from selected 49 OBCs. The second part is a retrospective, aggregated analysis of anonymous electronic medical records of 82.375 adult outpatient ASCVD patients documented by general practices (GPs) obtained from the IQVIA Disease Analyzer (note: 54% do not provide information on Lp(a) data to IQVIA). Availability of Lp(a) tests and lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) in ASCVD patients with available LDL-C values within a 12-month period (July 2022-June 2023) were assessed. One of the objectives of LipidSnapshot is to compare the proportion of Lp(a) assessments in ASCVD patients documented by OBCs and GPs and to evaluate gender-, age- and LLTs-related differences in Lp(a) availability in patients documented by OBCs compared to GPs. Results Patients treated by OBCs were on average 72.4 (standard deviation (SD) 10.0) years old and 75.8 % were male while patients in the IQVIA dataset were on average 73.0 (SD 13.2) years old and 60.5% were male. The age distribution was comparable between both specialties. OBCs documented Lp(a) in 20.3% of their ASCVD patients, while only 3.0% of ASCVD patients documented by GPs had Lp(a) values documented. The testing rates in male and female patients were comparable between both specialties (OBC: 19.5 vs. 22.9%; GPs: 3.4 vs. 2.5%). For both specialties, Lp(a) testing rate was higher in younger patients compared to older patients (Table 1) and in patients treated with PCSK9-inhibitors (monoclonal antibodies, inclisiran), either as monotherapy or in combination with statins and/or other LLTs (ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, bile acid sequestrants) (Table 2). Conclusion The first snapshot revealed differences in healthcare provision of GPs compared to selected OBCs with lower rates of identification of higher risk patients treated by GPs in Germany.Age-related differences in Lp(a)LLT-related differences in Lp(a)

ETwinning in Science Learning: The Perspectives of Pre-service Primary School Teachers

<p style="text-align:justify">eTwinning is a community of European schools that promotes networking and transnational collaboration projects. Therefore, as part of the Initial Teacher Education (ITE) initiative, we decided to explore how the research projects on scientific topics familiarize pre-service primary school teachers with eTwinning. 251 pre-service primary school teachers from Spain, Iceland, and Slovenia designed and carried out joint research projects on scientific topics. The aim was to gain insight into their self-assessment of their knowledge of the platform, the limitations of working with it, and their responses. An electronic questionnaire was used as the main instrument for data collection. It turned out that the pre-service teachers enjoyed this international collaboration, but also found it challenging. By the end of the projects, they were familiar with the eTwinning platform, although the least engaged prospective teachers recognized that they needed strong support and considered the platform a non-intuitive environment. Overall, they were willing to use the platform with pupils in the future, which is in line with the aim of the ITE initiative.</p>

Analysis of the Existing Forms and Practices of Interaction between Russian and Chinese Educational Organizations at Different Levels in the Framework of Promoting Education in Russian (the Example of the Siberian Federal District)

Introduction. The research problem is caused by the need to study the features of Russian-Chinese educational cooperation in order to more effectively scale the best practices for the promotion of the Russian language and Russian education in China. The purpose of the article is to analyze the established forms and practices of interaction between Russian and Chinese educational organizations at different levels in the field of teaching Russian as a foreign language and promoting Russian education on the example of the Siberian Federal District. Methodology. A summary review of research on forms of international cooperation in the field of education on the example of certain regions of the Russian Federation and the Peopleʼs Republic of China, an analysis of the official websites of educational organizations in Russia in terms of their participation in the processes of internationalization of education. Results. The authors have compiled a database of Siberian and Chinese partner universities, which has enabled a clear demonstration of the degree of presence of Siberian Federal District universities in the educational space of the Peopleʼs Republic of China. Additionally, the article analyses the formats of cooperation between the two countries: educational network programs, academic mobility, preparation of students for admission to Russian universities, summer and winter schools, centers for open education in Russian and Russian language teaching, scientific and technical relations and joint research projects. Conclusions. The analysis has revealed that, despite the existence of a large number of bilateral agreements between educational organizations, interaction is uneven (both in terms of territorial distribution and from a substantive point of view). Furthermore, it would appear that not all Russian universities in the Siberian Federal District are as active as they could be in carrying out international cooperation with Chinese educational organizations.

Формування інноваційної екосистеми сталого економічного відновлення і розвитку регіонів для посилення національної безпеки україни

This article delves into establishing an innovative ecosystem in Ukraine, essential for sustainable economic recovery and regional development. The significance of innovation in driving economic growth cannot be overstated, especially in a country that has faced numerous challenges, including political instability, economic downturns, and external threats. An innovative ecosystem serves as a framework that integrates various stakeholders, including scientific institutions, higher education establishments, businesses, and government entities, to foster collaboration and create an environment conducive to innovation. The article begins by defining an innovative ecosystem and its core components. It highlights the importance of synergy among different participants in the innovation process. Scientific institutions are crucial for research and development (R&D), providing the necessary knowledge and expertise to drive innovation. Higher education institutions play a pivotal role in preparing a skilled workforce equipped with the necessary competencies to meet the demands of a rapidly changing labor market. On the other hand, businesses are responsible for commercializing innovations and bringing new products and services to market. One of the critical aspects discussed is the need for effective collaboration among these stakeholders. The article emphasizes that strong partnerships between academia and industry characterize thriving innovative ecosystems. This collaboration can take various forms, including joint research projects, internships for students in companies, and knowledge transfer initiatives. These entities can leverage each other’s strengths to accelerate the innovation process by working together. Moreover, the article addresses the barriers to forming an innovative ecosystem in Ukraine. These barriers include inadequate regulatory frameworks supporting innovation, insufficient funding for R&D activities, and a fragmented approach to innovation policy. Ukraine’s current state of innovation is often hindered by bureaucratic obstacles that slow the implementation of innovative solutions. Therefore, policymakers must create a supportive environment that encourages investment in research and development. In addition to addressing systemic challenges, the article highlights the importance of fostering a culture of innovation within society. This includes promoting entrepreneurship and encouraging individuals to pursue innovative ideas. Educational programs focused on entrepreneurship can inspire young people to participate actively in the innovation ecosystem. Furthermore, public awareness campaigns can help shift societal attitudes towards risk-taking and experimentation. The conclusion of the article emphasizes Ukraine’s potential to create a robust, innovative ecosystem that can enhance its competitiveness on the global stage. By leveraging its human capital, rich natural resources, and growing technological capabilities, Ukraine can position itself as a hub for innovation in Eastern Europe. Successfully implementing state innovation policies aligned with European benchmarks will be critical. In summary, forming an innovative ecosystem is not just about fostering technological advancements but about creating a holistic environment where collaboration thrives, barriers are minimized, and creativity flourishes. The path toward establishing such an ecosystem requires concerted efforts from all stakeholders involved-government agencies must work together with educational institutions and businesses to cultivate a vibrant landscape for innovation. By doing so, Ukraine can pave the way for sustainable economic growth and regional development that benefits all citizens. Keywords: ecosystem, national security, region, economic recovery, sustainable development.

Pooled Cohort Profile: ReCoDID Consortium's Harmonized Acute Febrile Illness Arbovirus Meta-Cohort.

Infectious disease (ID) cohorts are key to advancing public health surveillance, public policies, and pandemic responses. Unfortunately, ID cohorts often lack funding to store and share clinical-epidemiological (CE) data and high-dimensional laboratory (HDL) data long term, which is evident when the link between these data elements is not kept up to date. This becomes particularly apparent when smaller cohorts fail to successfully address the initial scientific objectives due to limited case numbers, which also limits the potential to pool these studies to monitor long-term cross-disease interactions within and across populations. CE data from 9 arbovirus (arthropod-borne viruses) cohorts in Latin America were retrospectively harmonized using the Maelstrom Research methodology and standardized to Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC). We created a harmonized and standardized meta-cohort that contains CE and HDL data from 9 arbovirus studies from Latin America. To facilitate advancements in cross-population inference and reuse of cohort data, the Reconciliation of Cohort Data for Infectious Diseases (ReCoDID) Consortium harmonized and standardized CE and HDL from 9 arbovirus cohorts into 1 meta-cohort. Interested parties will be able to access data dictionaries that include information on variables across the data sets via Bio Studies. After consultation with each cohort, linked harmonized and curated human cohort data (CE and HDL) will be made accessible through the European Genome-phenome Archive platform to data users after their requests are evaluated by the ReCoDID Data Access Committee. This meta-cohort can facilitate various joint research projects (eg, on immunological interactions between sequential flavivirus infections and for the evaluation of potential biomarkers for severe arboviral disease).

“Everywhere Was I Greeted with Great Courtesy”: V.V. Bartold’s Research Visit to Turkey on the Pages of His 1926 Constantinople Diary

The paper continues the history of Academician V.V. Bartold’s research visit to Turkey in the first half of 1926. The trip was partly reflected in the scholar’s diary, which he kept from January 15 to February 17, 1926. Despite the small volume and brevity of the entries, they are very informative and present a valuable source for studying Bartold’s research activities. The diaries show that, during that period, the Academician was mainly engaged in the study of Oriental manuscripts in Istanbul libraries. In addition, Bartold communicated a lot with Turkish and European researchers working in Turkey at that time, and, on behalf of the USSR Academy of Sciences, discussed with them the possibility of organizing joint research projects. The diary also reflects Barthold’s preparations for the trip to Baku to participate in the First All-Union Turkological Congress. The information provided allows us to detail Bartold’s research work in Turkey and his activities in strengthening academic cooperation between the two countries.

Russia and China: Motives, Opportunities, and Risks of Technological Partnership

After external trade restrictions were imposed on Russia and China in recent years, their access to foreign technologies decreased. This created new incentives for scientific and technological partnership between the two countries. In addition, an analysis of strategic documents indicates that the US and the EU are likely to increase economic and technological pressure in the future. This article analyzes China’s experience in shoring up technological sovereignty under sanctions, an exercise which can be instructive for many countries. China’s long-term scientific and technological policy follows a catch-up development model, which has enabled a transition from borrowing simple technologies via specialized institutions (joint ventures, special economic zones, etc.) to global leadership in R&D and technologies that has been made possible through developing human capital and applying preferential treatment to local innovative businesses. Although Russia is one of the world’s leading scientific and technological centers, to some extent it lags in developing high-tech businesses and exports. Moreover, for some time it has been importing advanced products and technologies, some of which are now being quickly replaced by Chinese versions as Western companies have exited. The article applies a SWOT analysis to Russian-Chinese scientific and technological cooperation in order to highlight the benefits of this collaboration, especially concerning machine tools, microelectronics, and aerospace. The benefits from such partnership will materialize for most high-tech industries over the long run by means of joint scientific research. However, one cannot ignore the risks for Russia due to increased technological dependence on a single partner and the potential outflow of personnel and technology, as well as risks for China related to potential secondary sanctions.

Correction: Certification of the total element mass fractions in UME EnvCRM 03 soil sample via a joint research project

Correction: Certification of the total element mass fractions in UME EnvCRM 03 soil sample via a joint research project

Multidimensional Scenario Calculations Using Cloud‐Based Co‐Simulation

AbstractAs part of the joint research project Carbon2Chem®, mathematical models are used to simulate operating scenarios of cross‐industry networks, in particular chemical plants in industrial environments with high CO2 emissions. In this context, a cloud‐based distributed co‐simulation is used to enable the parallelized simulation of a large number of different variants. This enables optimal design of the plant networks and the efficient determination of optimal operating conditions. The architecture of this approach is described, and its performance is examined and evaluated.

Communicating and disseminating One Health: successes of the One Health European Joint Programme.

The application of a One Health approach recognizes that human health, animal health, plant health and ecosystem health are intrinsically connected. Tackling complex challenges associated with foodborne zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, and emerging threats is imperative. Therefore, the One Health European Joint Programme was established within the European Union research programme Horizon 2020. The One Health European Joint Programme activities were based on the development and harmonization of a One Health science-based framework in the European Union (EU) and involved public health, animal health and food safety institutes from almost all EU Member States, the UK and Norway, thus strengthening the cooperation between public, medical and veterinary organizations in Europe. Activities including 24 joint research projects, 6 joint integrative projects and 17 PhD projects, and a multicountry simulation exercise facilitated harmonization of laboratory methods and surveillance, and improved tools for risk assessment. The provision of sustainable solutions is integral to a One Health approach. To ensure the legacy of the work of the One Health European Joint Programme, focus was on strategic communication and dissemination of the outputs and engagement of stakeholders at the national, European and international levels.

Prestige in Partnership: A Case Study in Leveraging University Excellence to Elevate Brand Success

Abstract As global competition in research continues to grow, universities are becoming key centres of innovation and knowledge generation. One of the most important factors attracting research institutions to a university is its brand. This article examines how universities can collaboratively establish and achieve research goals with research institutes, using a case study of Coventry University's partnership with the Lukasiewicz Research Network – Institute for Sustainable Technologies (Lukasiewicz–ITEE). The analysis highlights the significance of a strong brand in fostering sustainable relationships with other academic, research, and industrial partners. The practical implementation of Coventry University's strategies, including promoting research achievements and investing in relationship development, is explored. The study demonstrates that a university's reputation significantly enhances its appeal to potential research partners, thereby facilitating joint research projects and the commercialization of research outcomes.

Optometric Education After the Pandemic: Trends in Knowledge Networks and Virtual Internationalization

Introduction: The world has undergone an educational transformation during the confinement of the year 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher education has taken an abrupt turn towards virtuality, the internationalization of research, the creation of knowledge networks and the exchange of experiences in online linking and research. Objective: The objective is to socialize experiences among optometry schools and associations of eye care professionals to show the changes in the training of optometrists post pandemic in Latin America. Methodology: Through the action-participation methodology, networks were created between 21 higher education institutions, associations and research groups and international organizations in the area of knowledge of visual health in several countries: Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, Peru, Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, United States, Puerto Rico among others where projects in continuing education, mirror classes and through the leadership of the ethics committee of the Latin American Association of Optometry and Optics (ALDOO) and the Volunteers Optometry services for humanity (VOSH) courses were designed on the Zoom platform and Meet as part of the collaborative work of the network. Results: Through these alternatives, knowledge networks in optometry were consolidated in order to disseminate experiences in different countries. Likewise, a curricular framework was created as a guide for institutions that offer optometry with basic competencies and flexibility to allow in the future to strengthen international mobility, improve the quality of scientific writing and the creation of macro research projects that respond to the public policies of the World Health Organization. Some experiences developed within optometry programs and schools in Latin America have allowed the different actors to be articulated: teachers, administrators, students, international experts in order to build and enrich global networks and alternative virtual strategies to improve significant learning, technology transfer and local development in optometry and the development of joint research projects in order to improve the quality of publications. The objective of this article is to socialize educational experiences during the pandemic in the area of optometry. Conclusions: The trend of optometry education is to work in networks from research groups created and directed by experts, training in alternative areas such as the applications of artificial intelligence, non-technology at the service of visual health, through the delivery of mirror classes, virtual mobility of researchers and strengthening the internationalization of optometry and visual health in different academic settings. These are some of the points that the authors have been consolidating to prepare for virtuality, uniting the actors in the educational process that will undoubtedly remain over time as part of the strengthening of computer communication technologies and virtual education.

Durability of intumescent coatings and recommendations for test concepts for a working life of more than 10 years

It is an essential requirement for all building products to ensure durability of their fire safety. Throughout the working life of products, intumescent coatings are aged by certain climatic factors. To predict a lifetime of several years, generally the behaviour of the intumescent coating is extrapolated based on accelerated artificial ageing. The established German and European procedures to assess the durability assume a working life of at least 10 years. For a longer period, additional evidence is required; yet the procedure and the specifications to justify this are not described. In addition to addressing this formal lack, from a scientific point of view it is necessary to investigate the degradation of intumescent coatings in detail and to propose a reliable test concept to assess durability for more than 10 years. This paper summarises the existing knowledge about the ageing of intumescent coatings. The results of various demanding weathering approaches are presented for two intumescent coatings tested in a joint research project. Moreover, formulations with a reduced amount of functionally relevant components were analysed to gain insight into the associated effects. Derived from these research results and knowledge, recommendations are proposed to assess the durability of intumescent coatings for more than 10 years based on a combination of verifications.

Scaling analysis of nuclear power plant (APR1400) utilizing ATLAS integral effect test result of A5.1 (Counterpart test for LSTF 1% cold-leg break LOCA)

ATLAS is the thermal hydraulic integral effect test loop that can simulate the same pressure and temperature condition with nuclear power plant. It was designed with a height ratio of 1/2 and a volume ratio of 1/288 with reference to APR1400. The counterpart test against LSTF which was named as A5.1 test was performed within the OECD/NEA ATLAS international joint research project to compare major thermal hydraulic phenomena between two test facilities. The main scenario for the A5.1 test is the LSTF SB-CL-32 test. The SB-CL-32 test is a 1% horizontal small break loss of coolant accident (SBLOCA) at the cold leg with cold leg injection of the emergency core cooling system (ECCS) and accident management (AM) action.From the counterpart test results, the significant differences were found in the viewpoint of the thermal–hydraulic phenomena. It was concluded that the different result were caused by the different design characteristic of each test facility because they referred the different nuclear power plant. Thus, the applicability of the ATLAS test results to its reference nuclear power plant was evaluated by utilizing ATLAS A5.1 test results which was the counterpart test with the LSTF.The transient scenario and initial and boundary conditions of the A5.1 test were adopted to APR1400 after applying scaling ratios of ATLAS. The MARS-KS code was utilized to analyzed thermal hydraulic behaviors of APR1400 and the analysis results were compared with the scaled A5.1 test result. From the result of comparison, it was concluded that the ATLAS test results predicted the thermal hydraulic behavior of the nuclear power plant well. Thus, it was confirmed that ATLAS is a well-designed integral effect test facility which is designed with an appropriate scaling method.

USE OF RENEWABLE SOLAR-WIND HYBRID ENERGY SOURCES TO MEETLOCAL ELECTRICITY DEMAND: CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS

Renewable energy sources are those which are abundantly available in nature. These are solar, wind, sea, geothermal and biomass and energy generated from these sources are carbon free with less pollution and capable enough to compensate the energy generated from coal and other fossil fuels. Wind and solar energy are becoming popular owing to abundance, availability and ease of harnessing for electrical power generation. It is very common to use these two aforementioned sources to generate electricity independently, i.e. solar power acting alone or wind power alone. Sometimes, though, it is desired that two of these renewable energy resources are combined together to generate electricity and these types of systems are called a Hybrid Power System (HPS). Hybrid power systems therefore, provide increased system efficiency and greater balance in supply of energy. The presentation will be a brief overview of research conducted around the world to design and implement HPS-s that combine wind and solar energy to produce reliable and sustainable electricity for local purposes. Also, information about the research conducting in these directions at the “Novel Alloys Design and Development Lab” (NOVALAB) of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department in Middle East Technical University (MetE-METU) and "New Materials and Nanotechnology" Center of Excellence of Azerbaijan Technical University (AzTU) and the details of joint research project proposal within the framework of the Japan-Azerbaijan technical cooperation program in the designing and implementation of solar-wind hybrid energy system at main campus and Techno-park of AzTU in order to supply full electricity demand from green energy sources will be given.

Mineralized structures from the Alhué mining district, Chile: Using fluid inclusions and textures

The Alhué mining district (AMD) of the Coastal Range in Central Chile is situated approximately 70 km southwest of the city of Santiago and hosted in stratified Jurassic and Early Cretaceous sequences which are common in central Chile. More than 79 faults and veins are recognized in the AMD hosted in andesites and tuffs with clear structural control showing two distinct trends. Precious‐metal mineralization locally extends over strike lengths of up to 1000 m along these structures with grades averaging at 5 ppm gold and 23 ppm of silver. In this study, a University of Chile – YAMANA GOLD joint research project was created to better understand this particular deposit and explore the origin of gold anomalies found in the district using drill core, mine, and surface samples. Wide internal variations in homogenization temperature and electrolytes were observed at all scales: on the district scale, in mineralized structures intersected in drill core, and in hand specimens. This variability may reflect the diversity of ore-forming conditions in the mining district in addition to the different processes (including fault motion over time) and geochemical components within the district. Textural analyses and fluid inclusion assemblages (FIA) provide evidence for boiling and flashing mechanisms at several localities. Raman spectroscopy and LA-ICP-MS techniques allowed a better characterization of the fluid composition and mineral paragenesis. The presence of gold (∼3.8 ppm) and silver (∼1424 ppm) in both vapor-rich only FIAs (i.e. that contain 99 % vapor) hosted in quartz and liquid-rich FIA hosted in sphalerite implies that gold was transported as sulfide and chloride complexes. The AMD shows a transition from a high temperature environment (sometimes containing calc-silicate minerals) to a low temperature (epithermal) system. This mineralization depended on the type of vein system which tend to be mineralized in strike slip faults e.g. Maqui and Lorena structures. The consequence of flashing documented at dilational jogs, structural intersections and fault bends was likely an important outcome leading to the precipitation of metals at the AMD.Coexisting liquid-rich and vapor-rich fluid inclusions contained in a FIA were observed at the deepest levels in the Chilco vein and the proportion of samples showing boiling increases with depth, indicating that additional precious metal resources may be present below current exploration depths. In summary, our new results reveal that gold, silver and base metal veins found at the AMD in Chile are unique hydrothermal polymetallic ore deposits that are structurally controlled and related to an orogenic environment. A general model for the AMD is one where high temperature fluids from deep crustal mafic magmatic systems, probably as products of a devolatilization and far-from-equilibrium conditions, reach subsurface conditions along faults and are mineralized along these faults. Because having a truly unique ore deposit in the geologic record is very unlikely, the AMD forms an important case study that helps understand structurally controlled ore deposits. Thus our work can form a model for future exploration in the AMD and provide insight into exploration in other sites in Chile and along continental margin settings worldwide, in both poorly characterized known deposits and at greenfield sites.

A novel type of additively manufactured high pressure mini-channel heat exchanger for precooling in hydrogen refueling stations

During refueling supercritical hydrogen into high pressure storage tanks, the fluid has to be cooled down to temperatures between -33°C and -40°C before entering the vehicle fuel tank. This cooling takes place while the hydrogen is at a pressure of up to 87.5 MPa. The requirements for the heat exchanger performing this task are very high. It has to be pressure resistant, compact enough to fit in the dispenser column and provide a high thermal performance to ensure a fast refueling with high mass flow rates. Only few conventional manufactured heat exchangers are able to fulfil these requirements. With the rise of additive manufacturing technology, especially laser powder bed fusion, new heat exchangers produced without use of conventional joining technologies can be realized. This manuscript presents a new type additively manufactured of mini-channel heat exchanger. It is developed in a joint research project involving the Leibniz University Hanover and an industrial heat exchanger manufacturer. The apparatus has a design pressure of 105 MPa and will be suited to be used in hydrogen refueling stations. The thermal requirements and the design of the apparatus are described. Thermal power and pressure drop for the full-size heat exchanger are calculated via a cell model. Scaled smaller heat exchangers made of 1.4404 stainless steel are additively manufactured via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The thermofluiddynamical performance of the scaled apparatus is measured in a testbench to verify the applicability of the used correlations. Deviations in hydraulic diameter and surface roughness are taken into account. Existing correlations are fitted to the new geometry.

Certification of the total element mass fractions in UME EnvCRM 03 soil sample via a joint research project

Certification of the total element mass fractions in UME EnvCRM 03 soil sample via a joint research project

Climate Diplomacy in Action: India-Sweden Relations

Climate change has put the globe in a state of emergency, with its impact beyond transnational borders. Moreover, the disparity between the Global North and Global South has aggravated extreme weather events and climate-related emergencies in the latter. Sweden, as the largest Nordic country in the European Union, has set a target to achieve net zero emissions of greenhouse gases by 2045, while India, emerging as a leader in the Global South, aims to reach this goal by 2070. While imploring the Global North- Global South debate on climate injustice, the study primarily focuses on India and Sweden’s bilateral relationship using climate diplomacy as a strategic tool, delving into mutual agreements, policy frameworks, and innovative strategies implemented by both nations. The objective is to investigate and address the functions of climate diplomacy in enhancing bilateral ties between India and Sweden, thereby expediting the achievement of their respective climate objectives. The study explores and elaborates how India and Sweden have supported joint research and development (R&D) projects, collaborative waste management programs, green finance and industrial partnerships in clean energy infrastructure and seeks to enhance global climate initiatives through diplomatic cooperation in promoting sustainable development. Furthermore, the paper aims to shed light on the significance of diplomatic cooperation in advancing sustainable development and facilitating the Nordic countries' access to the Global South.

Die öffentliche Aushandlung von Expertise: Wissenschaftsblogs als Ort eristischer Verständigung? Exploratorischer Einstieg in ein Forschungsprojekt

Abstract In this paper, we present a joint research project on communication practices in science blogs that focuses on the negotiation of expertise against the background of potentially divergent expectations of the participants. The object of analysis are the blogposts and comments of the blog portal “SciLogs – Tagebücher der Wissenschaft” (maintained by Spektrum-Verlag since 2000), which will be examined for patterns of language and argumentation using both corpus linguistic and hermeneutic methods of analysis. First explorative approaches, as we present them here in form of a first glimpse on tri-grams, their frequencies and their context, indicate, that – despite the sometimes heated debates – a largely politely conducted communication (distance communication), constructing a kind of stylistic common ground, take place about what is usual, good and right “in der Wissenschaft” [in science] from the different perspectives meeting here and who is (or is not) “in der Lage” [able] to follow the scientific argumentations or to contribute to them constructively.