Joint Radar-communication Research Articles

AoI-Aware Waveform Design for Cooperative Joint Radar-Communications Systems With Online Prediction of Radar Target Property

AoI-Aware Waveform Design for Cooperative Joint Radar-Communications Systems With Online Prediction of Radar Target Property

Photonic-assisted generation of fast switchable multi-format LFM waveforms with a tuned bandwidth for a joint radar-communication system

A photonic-assisted generation scheme of fast switchable multi-format linearly frequency modulation (LFM) waveforms with a tuned bandwidth for a joint radar-communication (JRC) system is proposed and demonstrated. In this scheme, the up-, down-, dual-chirp LFM waveforms along with zero-value are obtained to form the joint waveform for carrying two bits of information per symbol. The bandwidth of the LFM waveforms can be tuned by adjusting the parabolic signal that drives the phase modulator (PM). The joint waveform can be used not only for radar ranging but also for the wireless communication. Simulation results show the 9–11 GHz up-, down- and dual-chirp waveform as well as the zero-value signal can switch at a rate of 64 MHz. The bandwidths of the LFM waveforms are tunable. The communication rate is up to 128 Mbit/s and the radar ranging resolution can reach up to 1.875 cm. The proposed scheme has a simple structure and can get good communication and range detection performance based on a joint waveform, and is expected to be used in the multifunctional JRC system.

A low-profile frequency- and pattern-reconfigurable metantenna for UAV joint RadCom systems

To address the specific requirements of antennas in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) joint radar-communication (RadCom) systems, a novel low-profile reconfigurable metantenna with the capability of frequency and pattern reconfiguration is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of a metasurface layer with 3 × 3 square unit cells and a simple feeding network with two pairs of PIN diodes. Specifically, the designed metantenna has a low profile of 0.064 λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength at 5.5 GHz). And measured results show that, for the broadside radiation mode, the −10 dB operating bandwidth is about 12.1 %, ranging from 5.05 to 5.7 GHz with a maximum gain of 8.9 dBi. For the conical radiation mode, the −10 dB operating bandwidth is about 21.9 %, ranging from 5.88 to 7.33 GHz with a maximum gain of 6.83 dBi. Given its excellent radiation performance, the metantenna designed for UAV joint RadCom systems holds significant research significance and value in the field of multifunctional reconfigurable antennas.

A robust joint frequency spectrum and power allocation strategy in a coexisting radar and communication system

The resource allocation technique is of great significance in achieving frequency spectrum coexistence in Joint Radar-Communication (JRC) systems, by which the problem of radio frequency spectrum congestion can be well alleviated. A Robust Joint Frequency Spectrum and Power Allocation (RJFSPA) strategy is proposed for the Coexisting Radar and Communication (CRC) system. Specifically, we consider the uncertainty of target Radar Cross Section (RCS) and communication channel gain to formulate a bi-objective optimization model. The joint probabilities that the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) of each target satisfying the localization accuracy threshold and the Communication Data Ratio (CDR) of each user satisfying the communication threshold are simultaneously maximized, under the constraint of the total power budget. A Three-Stage Alternating Optimization Method (TSAOM) is proposed to obtain the Best-Known Pareto Subset (BK-PS) of this problem, where the frequency spectrum, radar power, and communicator power are allocated using the greedy search and standard convex optimization methods, respectively. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed RJFSPA strategy, compared with the resource allocation methods in a uniform manner and that ignores the uncertainties. The efficiency of the TSAOM is also verified by the comparison with the exhaustive search-based method.

A mmWave MIMO Joint Radar-Communication Testbed With Radar-Assisted Precoding

A mmWave MIMO Joint Radar-Communication Testbed With Radar-Assisted Precoding

Joint Radar-Communication Beamforming Considering Both Transceiver Hardware Impairments and Imperfect CSI

Joint Radar-Communication Beamforming Considering Both Transceiver Hardware Impairments and Imperfect CSI

Multi-antenna dual-blind deconvolution for joint radar-communications via SoMAN minimization

In joint radar-communications (JRC) applications such as secure military receivers, often the radar and communications signals are overlaid in the received signal. In these passive listening outposts, the signals and channels of both radar and communications are unknown to the receiver. The ill-posed problem of recovering all signal and channel parameters from the overlaid signal is termed as dual-blind deconvolution (DBD). In this work, we investigate DBD for a multi-antenna receiver. We model the radar and communications channels with a few (sparse) continuous-valued parameters such as time delays, Doppler velocities, and directions-of-arrival (DoAs). To solve this highly ill-posed DBD, we propose to minimize the sum of multivariate atomic norms (SoMAN) that depend on unknown parameters. To this end, we devise an exact semidefinite program using theories of positive hyperoctant trigonometric polynomials (PhTP). Our theoretical analyses show that the minimum number of samples and antennas required for perfect recovery is logarithmically dependent on the maximum of the number of radar targets and communications paths rather than their sum. We show that our approach is easily generalized to include several practical issues such as gain/phase errors and additive noise. Numerical experiments show the exact parameter recovery for different JRC scenarios.

Full‐duplex capable multifunction joint radar–communication–security transceiver with pseudonoise–orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing mixture waveform

AbstractThe authors investigate the performance of an original multifunction system with two in‐band full‐duplex capable joint radar, communications and security (JRCS) transceivers in the presence of an eavesdropper. The system concept can be generalised to a network of more than two JRCS transceivers and multiple eavesdroppers, despite the present study focusing on the three‐node scenario. By combining a bandlimited pseudonoise waveform with a data‐containing orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform, the authors are able to ensure a certain jamming‐to‐signal power ratio (JSR) at the eavesdropper, whilst ideal synchronisation ensures that jamming causes no deterioration to their own data transfer or radar sensing performance as it is possible to remove just the known pseudonoise waveform. To validate the system, the authors investigate through simulations the OFDM symbol error rates of all the receivers, radar target signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise power ratios as well as receiver operating characteristic curves, and eavesdropper's detection signal‐to‐noise power ratios through two‐branch receiver cross‐correlation. The results show that already a very low JSR of −20 dB can improve physical‐layer security without a significant increase in friendly symbol error rate or deterioration in radar performance. Additionally, other full‐duplex transceivers potentially occupying the same radio resources improve the secrecy even further.

Optimized Resource Allocation for Distributed Joint Radar-Communication System

Optimized Resource Allocation for Distributed Joint Radar-Communication System

Symbol-Level Design for Joint Radar Communication Based on Directional Modulation

Symbol-Level Design for Joint Radar Communication Based on Directional Modulation

A Replay Attack Against ISAC Based on OFDM

A Replay Attack Against ISAC Based on OFDM

IEEE 802.11ad Based Joint Radar Communication Transceiver: Design, Prototype and Performance Analysis

IEEE 802.11ad Based Joint Radar Communication Transceiver: Design, Prototype and Performance Analysis

Design of a 60-GHz Joint Radar–Communication Transceiver With a Highly Reused Architecture Utilizing Reconfigurable Dual-Mode Gilbert Cells

Design of a 60-GHz Joint Radar–Communication Transceiver With a Highly Reused Architecture Utilizing Reconfigurable Dual-Mode Gilbert Cells

Practical frequency-hopping MIMO joint radar communications: design and experiment

Joint Radar and Communications (JRC) can implement two Radio Frequency (RF) functions using a single of resources, providing significant hardware, power and spectrum savings for wireless systems requiring both functions. Frequency-Hopping (FH) MIMO radar is a popular candidate for JRC because the achieved communication symbol rate can greatly exceed the radar pulse repetition frequency. However, practical transceiver imperfections can cause many existing theoretical designs to fail. In this work, we reveal for the first time the non-trivial impact of hardware imperfections on FH-MIMO JRC and model the impact analytically. We also design new waveforms and correspondingly develop a low-complexity algorithm to jointly estimate the hardware imperfections of unsynchronized receiver. In addition, using low-cost software-defined radios and Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) products, we build the first FH-MIMO JRC experimental platform with simultaneous over-the-air radar and communication validation. Confirmed by simulation and experimental results, the proposed designs achieve high performance for both radar and communications.

Optimum Waveform Selection for Target State Estimation in the Joint Radar-Communication System

Optimum Waveform Selection for Target State Estimation in the Joint Radar-Communication System

Joint Radar-Communication Systems By Optimizing Radar Performance and Quality of Service for Communication Users

Joint Radar-Communication Systems By Optimizing Radar Performance and Quality of Service for Communication Users

Closed-Form Model for Performance Analysis of THz Joint Radar-Communication Systems

As an enabler technology in future network, terahertz (THz) joint radar-communication (T-JRC) has been envisioned as a solution to overcome the challenges in THz communications. Recent works on JRC mainly emphasize either performance tradeoffs or mutual benefits between radar and communication functionalities. Unable to characterize both benefit and tradeoff relationships, existing metrics and models are inapplicable to performance analysis on T-JRC systems. In this paper, a closed-form T-JRC performance model are proposed to explore the relationship between radar and communication metrics. To begin with, a novel T-JRC system model concerning random mobility and THz beam tracking is put forward. Next, the performance bounds of T-JRC performance in terms of communication rate and a proposed radar rate are acquired in three different integration cases. Furthermore, the expression of communication rate by radar rate in T-JRC is obtained theoretically, which is the first time to derive the closed-form relationship considering both benefits and tradeoffs to the best of our knowledge. Finally, numerical results validate the proposed model as well as closed-form expression, showing that the model succeeds in benefit and tradeoff relationship characterization in T-JRC systems and the fitting bounds are applicable in non-extreme scenarios.

Secure Transmission Scheme Based on Joint Radar and Communication in Mobile Vehicular Networks

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication applications face significant challenges to security and privacy since all types of possible breaches are common in connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) networks. As an inheritance from conventional wireless services, potential eavesdropping is one of the main threats to V2V communications. In our work, the anti-eavesdropping scheme in CAVs networks is developed through the use of cognitive risk control (CRC)-based vehicular joint radar-communication (JRC) system. In particular, the supplement of off-board measurements acquired using V2V links to the perceptual information has presented the potential to enhance the traffic target positioning precision. Then, transmission power control is performed utilizing reinforcement learning, the result of which is determined by a task switcher. Based on the threat evaluation, a multiple armed bandit problem is designed to implement the secret key switching procedure when it is needed. Through constant perception-execution loops (PELs), the security and confidentiality is improved for the authorized vehicles in their behavioral interactions with the illegal eavesdropper. Numerical experiments have presented that the developed approach has anticipated performance in terms of some risk assessment indicators.

Integrated Waveform Design Based on UAV MIMO Joint Radar Communication

The problem of orthogonal waveform construction in multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) radar communication integration greatly limits the realization of integration technology. In the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) MIMO antenna scenario, an orthogonal integrated waveform suitable for a MIMO antenna is designed using a sub−LFM−BPSK waveform combined with a chaotic spread spectrum code. After spread spectrum processing, each MIMO antenna transmits different communication data for orthogonal spread spectrum processing, which is suitable for the omnidirectional detection of MIMO application scenarios; moreover, the closed-form expressions of the integrated orthogonal waveform under certain constraints are derived. Finally, the simulation proves that the integrated orthogonal waveform set in the UAV MIMO scenario has excellent radar detection and communication capabilities.

Receiver Design in Full-Duplex Joint Radar-Communication Systems

Full-duplex (FD) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has great potential in future vehicular networks. However, the FD requirement and the ISAC functions make the receiver processing extremely complicated, particularly when multiple transmissions are uncoordinated. In this paper, we study frequency-hopping (FH) based receivers in an FD ISAC system, where the arrivals of backscattered signals from one node may overlap with those of signals from another node. To mitigate the interferences caused by the overlapping signals, we consider two receiver options based on either conventional communications or frequency-modulated continuous-wave radars, and two signal modulations based on either fast FH or un-slotted ALOHA FH. Based on the different signal modulations, we develop two parameter estimation schemes via using FH-decoding and dechirp operations, respectively. To further improve the sensing accuracy, we proceed to propose an iterative algorithm, which refines the estimates of all parameters via using short-time-Fourier transform and maximizing the received power in desired frequency bands. After obtaining all channel parameters in sensing, bilateral communications between two nodes are realized by differential phase-shift keying. Finally, simulation results are provided and verify that the proposed FD ISAC can obtain parameters in high resolution and realize robust communication links.