Joint Movement Research Articles

Selective voluntary motor control influences knee joint torque, work and power in children with spastic cerebral palsy

BackgroundChildren with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) have damage to the corticospinal tracts that are responsible for selective motor control (SMC). Force, velocity and timing of joint movement are related biomechanical features controlled by the corticospinal tracts (CSTs) that are important for skilled movement. Research QuestionDoes SMC influence knee joint biomechanics in spastic CP? Methods: In this prospective study, relationships between SMC and knee biomechanics (peak torque, total work, average power) across a range of velocities (0–300 deg/s) were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer in 23 children with spastic CP. SMC was assessed using Selective Control Assessment of the Lower Extremity (SCALE). Logistic and linear regression models were used to evaluate relationships between SCALE and biomechanical measures. ResultsThe ability to produce knee torque diminished with increasing velocity for both Low (0–4 points) and High (5–10 points) SCALE limb score groups (p < 0.01). More knees in the High group produced extension torque at 300 deg/s (p < 0.05) and flexion torque at 30, 90,180, 240 and 300 deg/s (p < 0.05). The ability to produce torque markedly decreased above 180 deg/s for Low group flexion. For knees that produced torque, significant positive correlations between SCALE limb scores and joint torque (0 and 120 deg/s), work (120 deg/s) and power (120 deg/s) were found (p < 0.05). Greater knee torque, work and power for the High group was found for the extensors at most velocities and the flexors for up to 120 deg/s (p < 0.05). Few Low group participants generated knee flexor torque above 120 deg/s limiting comparisons. SignificanceBiomechanical impairments found for children with low SMC are concerning as skilled movements during gait, play and sport activities occur at high velocities. Differences in SMC should be considered when designing individualized assessments and interventions.

BANDHANA WITH BIBHITAKPHALA MAJJA LEPA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANKLE SPRAIN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SPORTS INJURIES: A CASE STUDY

Introduction: Any form of bodily harm, pain, or injury sustained when participating in sports, exercising, or engaging in any other physical activity is referred to as a sports injury. The most frequent kinds of injuries are musculoskeletal, which affect the muscles, ligaments, bones, cartilage, and related tissue. According to estimates, up to 30% of injuries encountered in sports medical clinics are sprained ankles. It is one of the most frequent injuries for athletes, dancers, sportspeople, etc. Correlations: In Ayurveda, gulpha marma is one among 20 sandhi marma (vital points related to joints) and one of the 8 rujakara marma according to its traumatic effect of pain the sense of distress or pain is more over here compared to other parts of the body. A sprain injury usually happens suddenly due to injury around a joint, so they can be under agantuj vyadhi. Sports Injuries can be related to abhighataj shotha or agantuj shotha, and alepa is the first upakrama in sarvasotha. Case Study: A 22-year-old sports person complain of pain and difficulty in movement of the right ankle joint. Before one day, his foot was twisted while playing football, and he was diagnosed with an ankle sprain (gulpha sandhi aghata) and treated with Bibhitakphala majja lepa and bandhan for 15 days. Result: After completion of treatment, significant relief was observed in subjective and objective criteria.

Feasibility of predicting changes in gait biomechanics following muscle strength perturbations using optimal control in patients with transfemoral amputation

Bone-anchored limbs (BALs) are socket prosthesis alternatives, directly fixing to residual bone via osseointegrated implant. There is a need to quantify multi-level effects of rehabilitation for transfemoral BAL users (i.e. changes in joint loading and movement patterns). Our primary objective was determining feasibility of using optimal control to predict gait biomechanics compared to ground-truth experimental data from transfemoral BAL users. A secondary objective was examining biomechanical effects from estimated changes in hip abductor muscle strength. We developed and validated a workflow for predicting gait biomechanics in four transfemoral BAL users and investigated the biomechanical effects of altered hip abductor strengths.

A flexible sensor based on ionogel/knitted coil prepared by a simple method for accurate monitoring of human physiological signals

Flexible sensors have received increasing attention due to their various applications in health monitoring, artificial intelligence, and other fields. The simple fabrication of flexible sensing devices with high performances has been a research hotpot. In this work, an ionogel composite sensor combined with elastic knitted coil (EIC) is proposed as a wearable device to monitor human movement and related feature information. This sensor can be fabricated in a simple and easy protocol, which can work as a clothing accessary to track the wellness status parameters in daily life. After washing, the redundant gel originally embedded between the fibers was removed, improving the sensitivity of the sensor, which can provide accurate information about human joint movements and other physiological activities. The EIC sensor is in high sensitivity with superior working durability, which can provide continuous piezoresistive signals in detection mode. Other than the common joint bending movements (wrist, knee, elbow and finger) of human body, this sensor can also accurately output monitoring data on periocular, oral, and pharyngeal movements, providing information about human health status. Besides, a Morse codes transmission system can be constructed based on the piezoresistive outputs of this EIC sensor under different tapping modes, providing a new working platform in other related applications.

High-Performance Flexible Sensor with Sensitive Strain/Magnetic Dual-Mode Sensing Characteristics Based on Sodium Alginate and Carboxymethyl Cellulose.

Flexible sensors can measure various stimuli owing to their exceptional flexibility, stretchability, and electrical properties. However, the integration of multiple stimuli into a single sensor for measurement is challenging. To address this issue, the sensor developed in this study utilizes the natural biopolymers sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose to construct a dual interpenetrating network, This results in a flexible porous sponge that exhibits a dual-modal response to strain and magnetic stimulation. The dual-mode flexible sensor achieved a maximum tensile strength of 429 kPa and elongation at break of 24.7%. It also exhibited rapid response times and reliable stability under both strain and magnetic stimuli. The porous foam sensor is intended for use as a wearable electronic device for monitoring joint movements of the body. It provides a swift and stable sensing response to mechanical stimuli arising from joint activities, such as stretching, compression, and bending. Furthermore, the sensor generates opposing response signals to strain and magnetic stimulation, enabling real-time decoupling of different stimuli. This study employed a simple and environmentally friendly manufacturing method for the dual-modal flexible sensor. Because of its remarkable performance, it has significant potential for application in smart wearable electronics and artificial electroskins.

Enhanced multifunctional sensing in human motion with speed-controlled coaxial wet-spun hollow MWCNT-TPU/TPU smart fibers

In the field of personal health management and athletic performance optimization, the demand for multi-parameter human signal monitoring devices is rapidly increasing. Currently, flexible sensors produced through wet spinning techniques face challenges of simplistic structure and functionality, as well as difficulty in balancing strength and sensitivity. In-depth research is needed to develop high-performance wet spinning techniques, which will lay the foundation for commercial smart garments capable of unobtrusively monitoring human motion in the future. This study innovatively employs specialized slurry formulations and spinning speed controls to utilize the timing differences in fiber precipitation and the affinity among similar materials. Through the coaxial wet spinning process, it enables the continuous, large-scale manufacturing of hollow core–shell fibers, MT/T-S5, which feature a dense inner layer and a porous outer conductive layer. This special structure endows the fibers with high strength, high signal stability, and capabilities for both active and passive heating. These fibers achieve a maximum gauge factor (GF) 65.2 in stretch sensing applications and can detect pressures as low as 0.1 N. The MT/T-S5 smart fibers can sense human joint movements, and through connection with an Arduino microcontroller, they can control a robotic hand and perform independent and real-time motion detection of five fingers to distinguish gestures. This research not only provides a new type of fiber material for the development of future smart textiles but also reveals a formation mechanism for hollow core–shell fibers in the field of wet spinning. This discovery can offer valuable inspiration for fiber structural design in future research.

Construction of gradient ionogels by self-floatable hyperbranched organosilicon crosslinkers for multi-sensing and wirelessly monitoring physiological signals

Monitoring complex human movements requires the simultaneous detection of strain and pressure, which poses a challenge due to the difficulty in integrating high stretchability and compressive ability into a single material. Herein, a series of hyperbranched polysiloxane crosslinkers (HPSis) with self-floating abilities are designed and synthesized. Taking advantage of the self-floating capabilities of HPSis, ionogels with gradient composition distribution and conductivities are constructed by in situ one-step photopolymerization, and possess satisfactory stretchability, high compressibility and excellent resilience. The gradient-ionogel-based strain sensor exhibits extraordinary pressure sensitivity (19.33 kPa−1), high strain sensitivity (GF reaches 2.5) and temperature sensing ability, enabling the monitoring of the angles and direction of joint movements, transmitting Morse code and wirelessly detecting bioelectrical signals. This study may inspire the design of development of multi-function flexible electronics.

Strong adhesive, high conductive and environmentally stable eutectogel based on “Water in deep eutectic Solvent”: Ultrasensitive flexible temperature and strain sensors

Eutectogel is a promising candidate of conductive materials for flexible electronic sensors. However, the existing eutectogel sensors still have some problems such as poor mechanical properties and antifatigue ability, limited ionic conductivity, and strong hygroscopicity. Herein, an eutectogel is fabricated via one-stop photoinitiated copolymerization of acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and highly branched modified polyethyleneimine in “water in deep eutectic solvent”. The optimized eutectogel exhibits strong adhesive strength (132 ± 9 kPa, with porcine skin), ultra elongation (3500 %), high conductivity (2.7 ± 0.1 mS cm−1), long term antidrying and antifreezing (∼30 d) in a wide range of working temperatures (−40 − 60 °C), flame resistance, biocompatability, and excellent resistance ability to tear and crack propagation. The superb flame resistance and sensitive response to temperature offer a potential application in fire alarm. Besides, this gel-based wearable strain sensors can sensitively monitor and differentiate large body joint movements and subtle muscle motions. The highly distinguishable and reproducible signals can be recorded while further utilizes as sensors for detecting human healthcare accurately and continuously in medical mobile electrocardiogram machine for a long time. This work provides a new strategy for constructing eutectogel based wearable devices and electronic devices with excellent performance.

Seismic Performance of Bridge Expansion Joints with and without Viscous Dampers during the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes

Expansion joints render bridge structures highly vulnerable to damage during strong ground motions. Failures of expansion joints triggered by earthquakes not only jeopardize the post-earthquake serviceability of the bridge but also have a significant impact on the bridgeâs overall seismic performance. Despite extensive investigations and efforts to integrate these measures into design specifications aimed at mitigating the consequences of relative movements between adjacent bridge spans, major earthquakes have still revealed instances of damage related to expansion joints. On 6 February 2023, strong earthquake sequences occurred in KahramanmaraÅ, Turkey, with magnitudes of M7.7 and M7.6. The fault lines and epicenters of these shallow earthquakes were near the city and town centers and caused severe structural damage to buildings and infrastructures. There are approximately 1000 railway and highway bridges in the earthquake-affected region. Although both highway and railway bridges have generally performed well, some bridges experienced structural damage during the KahramanmaraÅ earthquakes. A large number of damage on the bridges is due to pounding and opening relative movements in expansion joints. This paper presents a comprehensive seismic evaluation of expansion joint failure mechanisms on bridges without viscous dampers during the 2023 KahramanmaraÅ earthquake sequences and an in-depth investigation into the seismic performance of bridge expansion joints equipped with viscous dampers and shock transmission unit devices are implemented utilizing the strong ground motion data collected throughout the earthquake sequences. It can be stated that the near-fault induced significant directivity and fling effects, resulting in notable velocity pulses and permanent tectonic deformations, and that these effects contributed to the failures of expansion joints, viscous damper devices, pot bearings, and shear keys.

Concurrent de novo MACF1 mutation and inherited 16p13.11 microduplication in a preterm newborn with hypotonia, joint hyperlaxity and multiple congenital malformations: a case report

BackgroundThe MACF1 gene, found on chromosome 1p34.3, is vital for controlling cytoskeleton dynamics, cell movement, growth, and differentiation. It consists of 101 exons, spanning over 270 kb. The 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome results from the duplication of 16p13.11 chromosome copies and is associated with various neurodevelopmental and physiological abnormalities. Both MACF1 and 16p13.11 microduplication have significant impacts on neural development, potentially leading to nerve damage or neurological diseases. This study presents a unique case of a patient simultaneously experiencing a de novo MACF1 mutation and a hereditary 16p13.11 microduplication, which has not been reported previously.Case presentationIn this report, we describe a Chinese preterm newborn girl exhibiting the typical characteristics of 16.13.11 microduplication syndrome. These features include developmental delay, respiratory issues, feeding problems, muscle weakness, excessive joint movement, and multiple congenital abnormalities. Through whole-exome sequencing, we identified a disease-causing mutation in the MACF1 gene (c.15266T > C / p. Met5089Thr). Additionally, after microarray analysis, we confirmed the presence of a 16p13.11 microduplication (chr16:14,916,289 − 16,315,688), which was inherited from the mother.ConclusionsThe patient’s clinical presentation, marked by muscle weakness and multiple birth defects, may be attributed to both the de novo MACF1 mutation and the 16p13.11 duplication, which could have further amplified her severe symptoms. Genetic testing for individuals with complex clinical manifestations can offer valuable insights for diagnosis and serve as a reference for genetic counseling for both patients and their families.

Benefits of an online group dance program for adolescents' social bonding and wellbeing.

The Covid-19 pandemic and its ensuing effects on mental health made it clearer than ever that social bonds are critical for survival, flourishing, and mental wellbeing. Experimental laboratory-based research with children and adults shows that activities involving movement alignment and joint action, such as dance, can facilitate social bonds. This study examined whether an online group dance intervention positively affects social bonding and wellbeing using a randomized control design. Participants were 58 UK adolescents aged 11-16 years (N = 52 girls, 75% White, 7% Asian/Asian British, 18% Mixed-Other), randomly assigned to an online intervention or waitlist control group. Participants in the intervention group completed an online 5-week hip-hop dance program during the Covid-19 pandemic in January to February 2021. Measures of social bonding, wellbeing, and future orientation were taken at the beginning and end of the program. Linear mixed model analyses examining group × timepoint interaction showed greater increase in social bonding (p < .0001), and wellbeing (p < .0001) in the intervention vs control group. Moreover, increases in bonding significantly predicted increases in wellbeing (p < .0001), and increases in bonding (p = .03) and wellbeing (p = .0002) significantly predicted increases in the adolescents' hope for the future. These data, collected at a time of mass social isolation, show that a 5-week-long online dance activity can help adolescents forge stronger social bonds, and improve their wellbeing and future orientation. Our findings suggest that the wellbeing and future orientation benefits of group dance may stem from having stronger social connectedness, opening up avenues for future research and interventions.

Biomechanical behavior of temporomandibular joint movements driven by mastication muscles.

Surgery of jawbones has a high potential risk of causing complications associated with temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of two drive modeling methods on the biomechanical behavior of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) including articular disc during mandibular movements. A finite element (FE) model from a healthy human computed tomography was used to evaluate TMJ dynamic using two methods, namely, a conventional spatial-oriented method (displacement-driven) and a compliant muscle-initiated method (masticatory muscle-driven). The same virtual FE model was 3D printed and a custom designed experimental platform was established to validate the accuracy of experimental and theoretical results of the TMJ biomechanics during mandibular movements. The results show that stress distributed to TMJ and articular disc from mandibular movements provided better representation from the muscle-driving approach than those of the displacement-driven modeling. The simulation and experimental data exhibited significant strong correlations during opening, protrusion, and laterotrusion (with canonical correlation coefficients of 0.994, 0.993, and 0.932, respectively). The use of muscle-driven modeling holds promise for more accurate forecasting of stress analysis of TMJ and articular disc during mandibular movements. The compliant approach to analyze TMJ dynamics would potentially contribute to clinic diagnosis and prediction of TMD resulting from occlusal disease and jawbone surgery such as orthognathic surgery or tumor resection.

Validation of inertial measurement units based on waveform similarity assessment against a photogrammetry system for gait kinematic analysis.

When assessing gait analysis outcomes for clinical use, it is indispensable to use an accurate system ensuring a minimal measurement error. Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are a versatile motion capture system to evaluate gait kinematics during out-of-lab activities and technology-assisted rehabilitation therapies. However, IMUs are susceptible to distortions, offset and drifting. Therefore, it is important to have a validated instrumentation and recording protocol to ensure the reliability of the measurements, to differentiate therapy effects from system-induced errors. A protocol was carried out to validate the accuracy of gait kinematic assessment with IMUs based on the similarity of the waveform of concurrent signals captured by this system and by a photogrammetry reference system. A gait database of 32 healthy subjects was registered synchronously with both devices. The validation process involved two steps: 1) a preliminary similarity assessment using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and 2) a similarity assessment in terms of correlation, displacement and gain by estimating the offset between signals, the difference between the registered range of motion (∆ROM), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the interprotocol coefficient of multiple correlation (CMCP). Besides, the CMCP was recomputed after removing the offset between signals (CMCPoff). The correlation was strong (r > 0.75) for both limbs for hip flexion/extension, hip adduction/abduction, knee flexion/extension and ankle dorsal/plantar flexion. These joint movements were studied in the second part of the analysis. The ∆ROM values obtained were smaller than 6°, being negligible relative to the minimally clinically important difference (MCID) estimated for unaffected limbs, and the RMSE values were under 10°. The offset for hips and ankles in the sagittal plane reached -9° and -8°, respectively, whereas hips adduction/abduction and knees flexion/extension were around 1°. According to the CMCP, the kinematic pattern of hip flexion/extension (CMCP > 0.90) and adduction/abduction (CMCP > 0.75), knee flexion/extension (CMCP > 0.95) and ankle dorsi/plantar flexion (CMCP > 0.90) were equivalent when captured by each system synchronously. However, after offset correction, only hip flexion/extension (CMCPoff = 1), hip adduction/abduction (CMCPoff > 0.85) and knee flexion/extension (CMCPoff > 0.95) satisfied the conditions to be considered similar.

Effect of Bacterial Infection By-Products on the Corrosion of Titanium Osteo-Implants

The use of titanium (Ti) in dental and orthopedic implant applications is extensive, owing to its remarkable resistance to corrosion, biocompatibility, low density, mechanical strength, and elastic modulus, which closely aligns with bone properties compared to alternative metals 1. There are numerous titanium grades (40-50), only a select few are officially recognized and specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) for use in biological applications. Biomedically compatible grades 1–4, classified as commercially pure (cp-Ti), contain <1% alloying elements, while others are considered Ti alloys with a higher percentage of alloying elements. Among titanium alloys, grade 5 Ti (Ti6Al4V) is predominantly utilized in orthopedic implants 2.Approximately 800,000 knee replacement surgeries are performed annually in the United States alone 3. Projections indicate an anticipated four million joint replacements (hip, knee, and shoulder) annually in the US by 2030 4. Infection rates for orthopedic implants are reported to be below 2%, with the majority occurring within the initial 2 years post-operation 4. The ten-year survival rate for orthopedic implants stands at 85-90% 5 and only 58% of patients can expect their hip replacements to endure for 25 years 6. Implant failure often necessitates revision surgery, incurring high costs, a relatively low success rate, and considerable patient discomfort. Corrosion, arising from the dissolution of titanium and/or alloying elements from the implant, is a prevalent cause of orthopedic failure 7.Surgical procedures, compromising the skin barrier and introducing foreign materials during joint replacement, predispose the body to infection, including bacteria that form biofilms. Gram-negative bacteria are a source of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 8. Joint movements have the potential to rupture biofilms, releasing LPS into the synovial fluid surrounding the joint. This study aims to explore the impact of LPS in synovial fluid on implant corrosion.The study utilized simulated synovial fluid (SSF) and LPS from Escherichia coli, employing electrochemical techniques to investigate corrosion behavior. Titanium grade 2, 4, and 5 were evaluated for corrosion under unpolished and polished conditions, with and without the presence of LPS in SSF at 37℃ (Figure 1). The unpolished Ti surface consist of titanium with an oxide protective layer on top, as a fresh titanium surface naturally develops a protective oxide layer of titanium oxides when exposed to air or aqueous environments 9. The corrosion resistance of this natural TiO2 layer was examined in the presence of LPS. Furthermore, the disruption of the native oxidation film on the implant surface due to joint movement was examined as a potential factor that may accelerate corrosion. Consequently, the self-healing process of titanium oxide layers emerges as crucial in mitigating failures in orthopedic implants. The influence of LPS on this self-healing process was explored by immersing polished titanium in SSF both with and without LPS for a duration of 80 days. The corrosion current density was measured for all cases using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and fitting the data to the Butler-Volmer equation. The native oxide layer was indeed found to be protective compared to the naked metal and the “self-healing” of this film overtime was found to significantly reduce corrosion rates over the 80-day test. Interestingly, LPS was found to both reduce the protective effect of the native layer and disrupt the self-healing process. Electrochemical oxidation of the Ti surface was found strengthen the corrosion resistance of the native film and found to offer a simple pathway towards enhanced corrosion resistance even in the presence of LPS. We propose a mechanism for the LPS effect and conclude that post-operative bacterial infections can significantly exacerbate the corrosion of Ti osteo-implants and increase the likelihood of implant failure. Reference: G. Szczęsny, M. Kopec, D. J. Politis, Z. L. Kowalewski, A. Łazarski, and T. Szolc, Materials (Basel), 15 (10), (2022).J. Quinn, R. McFadden, C.-W. Chan, and L. Carson, iScience, 23 (11), 101745 (2020).G. Castillano, Total Orthopaedic Care, (2022).A. Connaughton, A. Childs, S. Dylewski, and V. J. Sabesan, Frontiers in medicine, 1 22 (2014).R. M. Grzeskowiak, J. Schumacher, M. S. Dhar, D. P. Harper, P. Y. Mulon, and D. E. Anderson, Frontiers in surgery, 7 601244 (2020).J. T. Evans, R. W. Walker, J. P. Evans, A. W. Blom, A. Sayers, and M. R. Whitehouse, The Lancet, 393 (10172), 655-663 (2019).Y. Bao, A. I. Muñoz, C.-O. A. Olsson, B. M. Jolles, and S. Mischler, Materials (Basel), 15 (5), 1726 (2022).C. R. Raetz and C. Whitfield, Annual review of biochemistry, 71 (1), 635-700 (2002).I. Milošev, T. Kosec, and H. H. Strehblow, Electrochimica Acta, 53 (9), 3547-3558 (2008). Figure 1

Advancements in Patient Care and Safety: Integrating Nursing Innovations for Enhanced Healthcare Outcomes

In the realm of virtual environments, hand haptic technology plays a crucial role in capturing the nuanced movements of a user’s hands and fingers. This is complemented by a haptic sleeve that bridges the gap between the arm and hand, effectively translating these movements into corresponding actions performed by a robot avatar within the virtual space. Furthermore, these innovative devices are adept at relaying the force and texture felt by the robot avatar as it interacts with objects in the virtual environment back to the user. This interaction crafts an immersive experience, mirroring the sensation of physically touching and manipulating the objects. The prediction of wearer's joint torques uses the Hill-type model and is made through the flexion movement of the elbow joint. As the user engages in object manipulation through the robot avatar, the haptic feedback disseminates throughout the entire arm, enriching the user experience with a wide spectrum of tactile sensations. This advancement in haptic technology significantly enhances the realism of robot operation, thereby improving the dynamics of human-robot interaction.

Waterproof flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity for detecting human movement, airflow size and water ripples prepared by demulsification

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have found extensive applications as conductive fillers in the fabrication of flexible strain sensors; however, their propensity to agglutinate often leads to non-uniform distribution within flexible matrix. In this study, we propose a method of demulsifying while adsorbing and fixing carbon nanotubes to prepare a conductive composite based on polyacrylic resin and carbon nanotube with uniform dispersion. Due to its distinctive surface structure, the flexible strain sensor based on this conductive composite exhibits simultaneous positive and negative strain effects, resulting in exceptional sensitivity (ranging from 4.86 to 140.68), ultra-high detection limit (13 mg), and long durability (stretched 12,000 times and compressed 10,000 times). This sensor can be used for detecting small strains such as airflow and pulses as well as larger stresses such as various joint movements in human physiological activities. Meanwhile, the sensor exhibits exceptional waterproof performance, enabling its suitability for water-related sensor detection tasks such as monitoring water wave oscillations and measuring the rotational speed of water. Furthermore, due to its high conductivity properties, this conductive composite material can also be utilized for Joule heating.

Pengaruh Pemberian Promosi Kesehatan melalui Media Leaflet terhadap Pengetahuan Siswa/I tentang Pencegah Pencegahan TB Paru di SDN Sungai Lulut 8 Banjarmasin

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis germ, which mostly attacks the lungs. The problem of controlling pulmonary tuberculosis has been implemented in many countries since 1995, but it remains a health problem in the community that causes high mortality among infants, children, adolescents, and seniors. One of the government programs in controlling pulmonary tuberculosis is the Joint Movement against tuberculosis in education units, the targets in the program are students, teachers, and education personnel from kindergarten to senior high school by providing health promotion. Data collection conducted by researchers found a health center with the highest incidence of pulmonary TB in children in Banjarmasin city, there is one elementary school closest to the health center. This study aims to provide health promotion through leaflet media on students' knowledge about the prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis at SDN Sungai Lulut 8 Banjarmasin. This study used quantitative research Pre-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest approach. The population in this study were 199 people. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 67 students. This research instrument uses a questionnaire. The statistical test used is the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results show that there is a difference between before and after giving promotion.

Impact of Xsens Technology on Analysis of Gait Deviation in Pre- and Post-surgical Total Knee Arthroplasty Patient.

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint ailment that predominantly affects the knee and is most common in older adults. It destroys the surrounding tissues and cartilage. Following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), patients with end-stage knee OA can have long-term pain reduction and patient satisfaction, although certain functional limitations still exist. While TKA significantly reduces pain and improve function, many patients stillexperience abnormalities post-surgery, such as slower walking and reduced step-length. Gait analysis using technologies like the Xsens Motion Visualization and Navigation (MVN) system (Movella, Henderson, NV, USA)provides insights into these functional limitations, helping to assess knee mobility and predict changes in joint movements during activities. Methods Thirty-four people participated in a study done at the Centre for Advance Physiotherapy Education and Research, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Wardha, both before and after total knee arthroplasty. Participants who ranged in age from 50 to 70 and had undergone unilateral TKA were included. Informed consent was obtained, and demographic data were collected. Participants walked a predetermined distance at their usual speed, and measurements of hip and knee angular velocity and center of mass were recorded for gait analysis. Result The study involved participants aged 50-70, with a mean age of 59.79 years and height ranging from 153.00 to 185.00 cm. Significant gait changes were noted pre- and post-total knee arthroplasty, including a decrease in walking speed from 0.72 to 0.55m/s and cadence from 105.06 to 82.86. Other parameters, such as step length and center of mass, also exhibited considerable differences, highlighting the impact of TKA on gait dynamics. Conclusion The study underscores the significant impact of total knee arthroplasty on gait mechanics and the value of advance of technologies likeXsens for assessing functional outcomes. While TKA provides pain relief and improved mobility, residual gait abnormalities persist, highlighting the need for tailored rehabilitation. Xsens technology enhances patient preparation, recovery tracking, and rehabilitation strategies, setting a new standard for gait analysis in orthopedic practice.

Ultrasonography-guided corticosteroid injection in the coracohumeral ligament in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a double-blinded, sham-controlled randomized study

BackgroundContracture and thickening of the coracohumeral ligament (CHL) occur in patients with adhesive capsulitis. This adversely affects the movement and function of the shoulder joint. There is limited evidence that explores the effectiveness of an isolated steroid injection into CHL in combination with physical therapy. This prospective randomized control trial aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection compared to a sham injection into the CHL in subjects with adhesive capsulitis. MethodsForty patients (23 males, 52.2 ± 8 years of age) with unilateral adhesive capsulitis (with 5.4 ± 2 months mean duration of symptoms) were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Both groups received ultrasound-guided injections into the CHL. The experimental group (n=20) received corticosteroids and the control group (n=20) received a sham lidocaine injection. All subjects underwent supervised conventional physical therapy three times a week for 3 months. Subjects were evaluated for improvements in pain, range of motion, and disability at 6 and 12 weeks as compared to pre-injection baseline measurements. Data were compared statistically across groups and times at p<0.05. The CHL thickness was compared at baseline across sides using paired t-tests. ResultsThe experimental group showed statistically greater improvements in pain, functional scores, flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation range of motion at 12 weeks compared to the control group. Pain reduction was observed in both groups at 6 and 12 weeks, but the experimental group exhibited significantly greater reductions. The CHL was significantly thicker on the affected side as compared to the unaffected side (p<0.001). Discussion and ConclusionThis study partially supported the hypothesis. Notably, significant improvements in pain, range of motion, and functional scores were observed at 12 weeks in the experimental group. The greater improvements in pain and external rotation may have resulted in lower disability scores in the experimental group. The results emphasize the importance of targeted intervention into the CHL.

Cone-beam computed tomography imaging and three-dimensional analysis of midfoot joints during non-weightbearing and weightbearing in 11 healthy feet.

Studies report that Lisfranc injury is more common than thought. Several imaging methods for assessing the stability of Lisfranc injury have been described but many are impossible to standardize and not accurate enough. To present a three-dimensional (3D) method for analyzing the changes in the joint space width of the midfoot joint and the joints of the medial part of the Lisfranc complex in healthy individuals. Non-weightbearing and weightbearing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 11 healthy feet were acquired and analyzed with 3D software. The mean range of joint space width changes of each joint was computed from the changes in individual image pairs. 3D analysis software was used to analyze the medial part of the Lisfranc complex. In this sample of healthy feet, the changes in the joint spaces in the medial part of Lisfranc complex, calculated with 3D analysis software, was less than 0.6 mm. The distance between bones increased or decreased, depending on which part of the joint surface the measurements were taken. In this study, we present a 3D analysis method to evaluate midfoot joint space width changes. Our analysis revealed that in healthy feet there are only minimal changes in the joint space width between weightbearing and non-weightbearing indicating minimal movement of the midtarsal joints. The 3D analysis of weightbearing CBCT data provides a promising tool for analyzing the small midfoot joints in a variety of conditions.