Joint International Research Articles

Risk Mitigation for ITER by a Prolonged and Joint International Operation of JET

Prolonged operation of the Joint European Torus (JET) in a set-up involving all ITER partners will be beneficial for ITER. Experiments at JET with its ITER-like wall and using a D–T plasma mixture will help to mitigate risks in the ITER research plan. Training of the ITER operators, technicians and engineers at JET will safe valuable time when ITER comes into operation. Moreover, the way in which the future ITER experiments will be organized can already be experienced at JET, by imposing a similar organisational structure. This paper will present arguments in favour of an extension of JET and additionally briefly discuss a number of enhancements that will make experiments on JET even more relevant for ITER.

Združena mednarodna konferenca o zemljepisnih imenih

V Ljubljani je bila od 18. do 20. aprila 2001 konferenca z naslovom Joint International Meeting on Geographical Names. Srečanje, ki je potekalo v prostorih Geodetske uprave Republike Slovenije, je v sodelovanju s Komisijo za standardizacijo zemljepisnih imen Vlade Republike Slovenije in z UNGEGN Working Group on Gazetteers and Toponymie Data Files organizirala Geodetska uprava Republike Slovenije.

12th Russia/CIS/Baltic/Japan Symposium on Ferroelectricity and 9th International Conference on Functional Materials and Nanotechnologies (RCBJSF-2014-FM&NT)

The joint International Symposium RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT successfully has united two international events – 12th Russia/CIS/Baltic/Japan Symposium on Ferroelectricity (RCBJSF-12) and 9th International Conference Functional Materials and Nanotechnologies (FM&NT-2014). The RCBJSF symposium is a continuation of series of meetings on ferroelectricity, the first of which took place in Novosibirsk (USSR) in 1976. FM&NT conferences started in 2006 and have been organized by Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia in Riga. In 2012 the International program committee decided to transform this conference into a traveling Baltic State conference and the FM&NT-2013 was organized by the Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Estonia. In 2014 the joint international symposium RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT was organized by the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia and was part of Riga – 2014, the European Capital of Culture event. The purpose of the joint Symposium was to bring together scientists, students and high-level experts in solid state physics, materials science, engineering and related disciplines. The number of the registered participants from 26 countries was over 350. During the Symposium 128 high quality scientific talks (5 plenary, 42 invited, 81 oral) and over 215 posters were presented. All presentations were divided into 4 parallel sessions according to 4 main topics of the Symposium: Ferroelectricity, including ferroelectrics and multiferroics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics and actuators, integrated ferroelectrics, relaxors, phase transitions and critical phenomena. Multifunctional Materials, including theory, multiscale and multiphenomenal material modeling and simulation, advanced inorganic, organic and hybrid materials. Nanotechnologies, including progressive methods, technologies and design for production, investigation of nano- particles, composites, structures, thin films and coatings. Energy, including perspective materials and technologies for renewable and hydrogen energy, fuel cells, photovoltaics, LEDs, OLEDs. Based on these reports, 48 papers are included in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Additional information about RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT is available at the homepage http://www.fmnt.lu.lv. The Organizing Committee would like to thank all the speakers, contributors, session chairs, referees and other involved staff for their efforts in making the RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT successful. Sincerely, organizers of the event Andris Sternberg Liga Grinberga Anatolijs Sarakovskis Martins Rutkis

Solvent-Engineering of High-Performance Non-Precious Metal Catalysts

Non-precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) with high volumetric activity and low H2O2 yield are being considered as potential replacement for Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts in the PEFC cathode. State-of-the-art NPMCs are typically synthesized from highly heterogeneous precursors and amorphous carbon materials [1-2], which complicate the understanding and development of new materials with improved activities. Recent efforts have been focused on developing carbon nanostructures with superior structural and functional properties from less complex systems, such as graphene oxide (GO). Catalysts derived from GO are more homogeneous and possess several highly desirable properties, such as good chemical stability and excellent conductivity. More importantly, they can be functionalized in a controlled manner [3]. Our efforts have demonstrated the importance of the effective removal of intercalated water on the structure, and consequently, the ORR activity of GO-based NPMCs [4]. In this study, we report the synthesis of solvent-engineered NPMCs with improved performance based on our findings from the more homogenous GO-based systems (Fig. 1). Despite the widely known presence of residual water in GO and more complex carbon systems, no report exists about the effective removal of water to improve the catalyst activity. In this presentation, we focus on the effect of solvent-engineered pretreatments on the structure and function of the ORR catalysts. References Wu, G., More, K. L., Johnston, C. M., Zelenay, P., Science, 332, 443-447 (2011).Bashyam, R., Zelenay, P., Nature, 443, 63-66 (2006).Qu, L., Liu, Y., Baek, J.-B., Dai, L., ACS Nano, 4, 1321-1326 (2010).Gupta, G et al, Highly Tunable and Ordered Graphene-Oxide-Based Materials for Energy Applications, 2014 ECS and SMEQ Joint International Meeting (October, 2014). Figure 1

Multidimensional Modeling of Nickel Alloy Corrosion inside High Temperature Molten Salt Systems

Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems in the presence of high operating temperature heat transfer fluids for power production processes has attracted more attention in recent years. The challenge with these systems is the corrosion of alloys at high-temperature (700-1000°C) in receivers and heat exchangers causing a reduction in heat transfer efficiency and influencing the apparent durability [1-3]. In this work, a corrosion model that includes thermal gradients and fluid flow is developed to predict corrosion rates and mechanisms observed in a nickel base alloy in contact with a molten salt heat transfer system. The model takes into account the electrochemical kinetics in addition to mass transfer-limited corrosion coupled with a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model that can predict the local electrochemical environment and corrosion rates in a system with temperature and fluid flows. The kinetic and mass transfer parameters used in the model are based on the experimental coupon studies were conducted between 700-1000 °C within molten salt in a thermosiphon reactor that designed to allow exposure the coupons to the non-isothermal condition. The thermal gradients between top and bottom of the reactor could induce natural convection of the salts [4-5]. Fig. 1 shows an example of the model prediction of corrosion rate distribution, i (A/cm2) at coupon surfaces at both hot and cold zones in addition to the temperature gradient near the wall and streamlines that show the flow pattern of molten salt inside the thermosiphon. the This corrosion model accounts for the effects of different operational conditions such as temperature and component concentrations in addition to the alloy surface properties on the corrosion rate. Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this work from the DOE EERE SunShot Initiative (DE-AC36-08GO28308) under a subcontract from SRNL to the University of Alabama and to the University of South Carolina. The authors also thank the University of South Carolina Center for Fuel Cells and the CD-adapco group for their support. R eferences C. Forsberg, P.F. Peterson, and H.H. Zhao, J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME, 129, 141-146, 2007.C. Forsberg, Progress in Nuclear Energy, 47, 32-43, 2005.D. Ludwig, L. Olson, K. Sridahran, M. Anderson, and T. Allen, Corrosion Engineering Science and Technology, 46, 360-364, 2011.B. L. Garcia-Diaz, L. Olson, M. Martinez-Rodriguez, R. Fuentens, J. Gray. paper #741, 2014 ECS and SMEQ Joint International Meeting, Cancun, Mexico, Oct. 08, 2014.R. Fuentens, L. Olson, M. Martinez-Rodriguez, J. Gray, B. L. Garcia-Diaz. paper #743, 2014 ECS and SMEQ Joint International Meeting, Cancun, Mexico, Oct. 08, 2014. Figure 1. Corrosion rate distribution, i (A/cm2) at coupon surfaces at both hot and cold zones in addition to the temperature gradient near the wall and streamlines inside the thermosiphon. Figure 1

Erratum to: Cloud-based SVM for food categorization

The original version of this article did not include a reference for section III-part (b) and Figure 2 to “Catak FO, Balaban ME (2013) CloudSVM: Training an SVM Classifier in Cloud Computing Systems. In: Zu Q, Hu B, Elci A (eds) Pervasive Computing and the Networked World. Joint International Conference, ICPCA/SWS 2012, Istanbul, Turkey, November 28-30, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7719. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, p 57–68”. There is also a missing reference in section IX-Part (d)Subsection(2) to “https://code.google.com/p/cascadesvmand” and “Graf HP, Cosatto E, Bottou L, Dourdanovic I, Vapnik V (2004) Parallel Support Vector Machines: The Cascade SVM. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, p 521–528”. Multimed Tools Appl (2015) 74:5261 DOI 10.1007/s11042-015-2666-6

Special issue: terrestrial remote sensing for areal deformation monitoring

The development of new instruments, sensing techniques, and algorithms has opened a new era in the field of terrestrial deformation monitoring and related applications. Robotic total stations with reflector-less range measurement and increasingly also image assistance (Scherer and Lerma 2009), terrestrial laser scanners (Vosselman and Maas 2010), and digital photogrammetry (Barazzetti et al. 2010) allow the acquisition of dense point clouds within a short time, thus yielding detailed snapshot representations of surfaces and a basis for measuring deformations over wide areas. In addition, ground-based interferometric radar (Monserrat et al. 2014) can be used to derive differential deformation with very high resolution, in particular with respect to persistent scatterers as discussed already by Ferretti et al. (2001). The amount of data provided by these systems is typically much larger than with traditional geodetic techniques, and they potentially represent areal deformations without a need for generalization from displacements of a few carefully selected control points. However, there is no direct point-topoint correspondence between the point clouds obtained at different epochs and thus entirely new algorithms are required in order to analyze deformations (see Dermanis (2011) and Fuentes Santibanez (2012)). New concepts for areal deformation monitoring (ADM) are being developed and investigated including instrumental advances, sensor and process models, and data processing techniques. All of these require thorough validation and assessment before they can be safely applied in critical monitoring applications. This special issue features six selected contributions originally presented at the 2nd Joint International Symposium on Deformation Monitoring (JISDM) held in Nottingham on September 2013 and subsequently further elaborated for peer review and publication. They introduce new instrumental developments, compare technologies and review the state-ofthe-art with respect to their impact on areal deformation measurements, and propose new methods for deformation analysis. The affiliations of the authors of these papers are located in different countries across the globe (Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, People’s Republic of China, Switzerland, the UK), highlighting internationally recognized relevance of research into areal deformation monitoring. The first article in the special issue (Papastamos et al. 2015) describes the application of total stations for the measurement of control point 3-D displacements with nearly millimeter accuracy. During a project for the excavation of the Athens underground metro railway, this technique was exploited to assess tilting of some chimneys resulting from ground deformation due to tunneling. While such deformations are usually assumed as a 2-D effect, here the theodolite measurements pointed out the evidence of clear 3-D rigid movements of the chimneys in different directions. This outcome was in full agreement with the new theoretical models of ground deformations in the investigated area. * Alessandro Capra capra.alessandro@unimore.it

King’s College London International Tax Conference

This note summarizes the proceedings of the 6th Annual Joint International Tax Seminar held on 3 March 2015 and organized by King’s College London’s Dickson Poon School of Law, The Chartered Institute of Taxation (CIOT) and the Association of Taxation Technicians (ATT).

Introduction for the proceedings of Origins 2014.

This special issue of Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres (OLEB) features the proceedings of Origins 2014 (The 2nd ISSOL and Bioastronomy Joint International Conference), which was held at Nara-ken New Public Hall, Nara, Japan, on July 6–11, 2014. For the conference, 345 scientists from 24 countries and regions all over the world gathered in Nara, and 128 oral and 155 poster presentations were given. The participants presented new research results and participated in many discussions about research interests for addressing questions of the origin and evolution of life on this planet and elsewhere in the Universe. I hope that many scientists will be able to find new clues for solving the riddle of the origin of life in this issue. I am grateful to Prof. Alan W. Schwartz, Editor of OLEB, for publication of the special issue. Orig Life Evol Biosph (2015) 45:3–4 DOI 10.1007/s11084-015-9433-6

Dimensionless Analysis for Predicting High Temperature Alloys Corrosion in Molten Salt Systems for Concentrated Solar Power Systems

In the development of concentrated solar power systems (CSPs), the high-temperature corrosion of alloys in receivers and heat exchangers can affect the performance on CSPs and influence the apparent durability. [1-4] The extent to which high-temperature corrosion is reversible may improve the commercialization. To understand corrosion mechanisms and their impact on alloys, experimental coupon (1.2mm×12mm×30mm) studies were conducted to the 700-1000°C within halide and fluoride salts in a thermosiphon. The thermosiphon reactor was designed to allow exposure the coupons to the both isothermal and non-isothermal condition. That is, the thermal gradients between top and bottom of the reactor could induce natural convection of the salts. The corrosion experiments such as coupon test and post mortem analysis highlighted main corrosion mechanisms of Cr depletion and diffusion along the grain boundaries. [5-6] A multi-physics corrosion model that include the main corrosion mechanism of Cr oxidation along with diffusion-limited corrosion as the limiting step allow to predict corrosion rates (i.e., current density) and corrosion potentials. Also, a CFD model has shown that temperatures and fluid flows can be accurately predicted in molten salt heat transfer systems including coupons. The CFD predictions allow to characterize natural convection flows in the reactor by analyzing engineering parameters such as Rayleigh number, Nutssel number, and Grashof number, etc. As the temperature and mass transports are coupled in the natural convection system, the analysis of these dimensionless numbers helps to correlate different physics to understand the system better and to reduce complication to solve the problem. These dimensionless numbers around coupons incorporated into the corrosion model allow to predict mass transfer coefficients and boundary layer thickness that determine corrosion rates (i.e., current density). The model predictions and experiment results suggest that the use of thicker materials to improve the lifetime may not be a good strategy in molten salt systems due to the localized nature of the corrosion. Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the support for this work by the DOE EERE SunShot Initiative under a subcontract from SRNL to the University of Alabama and to the University of South Carolina. R eferences [1] C. Forsberg, Progress in Nuclear Energy, 47, 32-43, 2005.[2] C. Forsberg, P.F. Peterson, and H.H. Zhao, J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME, 129, 141-146, 2007.[3] D. Ludwig, L. Olson, K. Sridahran, M. Anderson, and T. Allen, Corrosion Engineering Science and Technology, 46, 360-364, 2011.[4] P. Sabharwall, Matt Ebner, Manohar Sohal, Phil Sharpe, Mark Anderson, Kumar Sridharan, James Ambrosek, Luke Olson, Paul Brooks, Molten Salts for High Temperature Reactors: University of Wisconsin Molten Salt Corrosion and Flow Loop Experiments – Issues Identified and Path Forward, 2010. [5] B. L. Garcia-Diaz, L. Olson, M. Martinez-Rodriguez, R. Fuentens, J. Gray, “Electrochemical study of corrosion in high temperature molten salts,” paper #741, 2014 ECS and SMEQ Joint International Meeting, Cancun, Mexico, Oct. 08, 2014. [6] R. Fuentens, L. Olson, M. Martinez-Rodriguez, J. Gray, B. L. Garcia-Diaz, “Corrosion of high temperature materials in fluoride and chloride molten salts,” paper #743, 2014 ECS and SMEQ Joint International Meeting, Cancun, Mexico, Oct. 08, 2014.

5th joint international conference on hyperfine interactions and symposium on nuclear quadrupole interactions (HFI/NQI 2014)

These are the proceedings of the 5th Joint International Conference on Hyperfine Interactions and Symposium on Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions (HFI/NQI 2014). The conference, hosted by the University of New South Wales and the Australian National University, was held in Canberra, from 21-26 September 2014 at the spiritual home of Australian science, the uniquely designed Shine Dome of the Australian Academy of Sciences in the Australian capital. The meeting followed on from the four previous successful joint meetings in Bonn, Iguassu Falls, CERN and Beijing, and carried on an even longer conference tradition; HFI/NQI 2014 could also be termed the 17th International Conference on Hyperfine Interactions and the 21st International Symposium on Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions. The conference organisation was facilitated by a local committee containing members from both universities together with the assistance of the Consec Conference Management team and with input from the associated international advisory and program committees as detailed below. The conference, formally opened by the Chief Executive Officer of the Australian Research Council, Professor Aidan Byrne, was attended by 95 delegates and accompanying persons. As with previous meetings, the attendees travelled from all parts of the world. Not only were delegates engaged by some excellent scientific presentations, as evidenced by the contents of these proceedings, but they also experienced the pleasant surrounds of spring time in Canberra. The conference excursion to Tibinbilla nature reserve for a close up encounter with some Australian wildlife, and then to the Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, were a particular highlight.

12th Russia/CIS/Baltic/Japan Symposium on Ferroelectricity and 9th International Conference on Functional Materials and Nanotechnologies (RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT)

The joint International Symposium RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT successfully has united two international events – 12th Russia/CIS/Baltic/Japan Symposium on Ferroelectricity (RCBJSF-12) and 9th International Conference Functional Materials and Nanotechnologies (FM&NT-2014).The RCBJSF symposium is a continuation of series of meetings on ferroelectricity, the first of which took place in Novosibirsk (USSR) in 1976. FM&NT conferences started in 2006 and have been organized by Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia in Riga. In 2012 the International program committee decided to transform this conference into a traveling Baltic State conference and the FM&NT-2013 was organized by the Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Estonia.In 2014 the joint international symposium RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT was organized by the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia and was part of Riga – 2014, the European Capital of Culture event.The purpose of the joint Symposium was to bring together scientists, students and high-level experts in solid state physics, materials science, engineering and related disciplines. The number of the registered participants from 26 countries was over 350. During the Symposium 128 high quality scientific talks (5 plenary, 42 invited, 81 oral) and over 215 posters were presented.All presentations were divided into 4 parallel sessions according to 4 main topics of the Symposium:Ferroelectricity, including ferroelectrics and multiferroics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics and actuators, integrated ferroelectrics, relaxors, phase transitions and critical phenomena.Multifunctional Materials, including theory, multiscale and multiphenomenal material modeling and simulation, advanced inorganic, organic and hybrid materials.Nanotechnologies, including progressive methods, technologies and design for production, investigation of nano- particles, composites, structures, thin films and coatings.Energy, including perspective materials and technologies for renewable and hydrogen energy, fuel cells, photovoltaics, LEDs, OLEDs.Based on these reports, 48 papers are included in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.Additional information about RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT is available at the homepage http://www.fmnt.lu.lv.The Organizing Committee would like to thank all the speakers, contributors, session chairs, referees and other involved staff for their efforts in making the RCBJSF–2014–FM&NT successful.Sincerely, organizers of the event Andris Sternberg Liga Grinberga Anatolijs Sarakovskis Martins Rutkis

Detecting Earnings Manipulations: Time think about european SMEs. A call for a Joint International Research Project

Detecting Earnings Manipulations: Time think about european SMEs. A call for a Joint International Research Project

2015 Joint International Conferences on Intelligent Agriculture held in Beijing

2015 Joint International Conferences on Intelligent Agriculture held in Beijing

Joint International Conference on Mathematics and Computation (M&C), Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications (SNA) and the Monte Carlo (MC) Method

Joint International Conference on Mathematics and Computation (M&C), Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications (SNA) and the Monte Carlo (MC) Method

「TUBEHYDRO2009」

「TUBEHYDRO2009」

Evaluation of a comprehensive HIV prevention program in North West Province, South Africa: Results from the pilot

METHODS South Africa, where more people are living with HIV than in any other country, has an urgent need for evidence based HIV prevention to disrupt the transmission of HIV. The University of Washington and the University of California, San Francisco are implementing a comprehensive HIV prevention program through their joint global health organization, International Training and Education Center for Health (I-TECH), called Re Mmogo Pholong (“Together in Wellness”), in 2 priority districts in South Africa’s North West Province.

Highlights from the Joint International ECS and SMEQ Meeting in Cancun

Highlights from the Joint International ECS and SMEQ Meeting in Cancun

ERIN: A practical tool for assessing work-related musculoskeletal disorders

Background: The number of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) has been increasing in industrially developing countries. Fortunately, it is possible to prevent these injuries through ergonomic assessment and job redesign. Objective: This paper presents a practical tool for non-experts in assessing exposure to risk factors for WMSDs. Methods: Evaluación del Riesgo Idividual (Individual Risk Assessment) (ERIN) is based on available ergonomic tools, epidemiological evidence and the joint International Ergonomics Association-World Health Organization project for developing WMSD risk management in developing countries. Results: ERIN focuses primarily on physical workplace factors but also includes the workers' assessment. A scoring system has been proposed to indicate the level of intervention required to reduce the risk of injury. Preliminary tests show that ERIN is easy and quick to use, but further work is needed to establish its reliability and validity. A worksheet has also been designed for increasing the usability of the tool. Conclusions: The use of ERIN can contribute to the prevention of WMSDs in Cuba and other developing countries.

A short report on WikiSym + OpenSym 2013

WikiSym + OpenSym 2013 is the 2013 Joint International Symposium on Open Collaboration , a conference for and by researchers and practitioners of open collaboration, which took place in Hong Kong on Aug 5-7, 2013.