Job Status Research Articles

Sociodemographic factors and use of pain medication are associated with health-related quality of life: results from an adult community mental health service in Norway.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important aspect of mental health outcomes. There are few studies on HRQoL in heterogeneous patient populations seeking help at community mental health services. The aims of the study were to compare how HRQoL, measured by the EuroQol five dimensions with five levels (EQ-5D-5L), was distributed compared to other samples from national and international studies, and to explore what factors are associated with HRQoL. In a cross-sectional study, 1379 Norwegian outpatients reported their HRQoL before starting treatment. Associations with demographic variables, job status, socio-economic status, and use of pain medication were examined using multiple regression analysis. Most of the sample, 70% to 90%, reported problems with usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression; 30% to 65% reported that these problems were of a moderate to extreme degree. Forty percent reported problems with mobility, and about 20% reported problems with self-care. The sample's HRQoL was considerably lower than the general population, and comparable to patient-groups from specialist mental health services. Originating from a developing country, lower level of education, lower yearly household income, being on sick leave or unemployed, and using pain medication were associated with lower HRQoL. Age, gender, and relationship status were not associated with HRQoL. This is the first study to simultaneously examine the unique contribution of these variables in one study. The most impacted domains of HRQoL were pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression, and usual activities. Lower HRQoL was associated with several socio-demographic factors and use of pain medication. These findings might have clinical implications and suggest that mental health professionals should routinely measure HRQoL in addition to symptom severity, to identify areas that should be targeted to improve HRQoL.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PARENTS’ EDUCATION AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION ENROLMENT DECISIONS

Early Childhood Education (ECE) is crucial for a child’s school readiness, development, welfare, and future academic achievement. However, Indonesia is currently facing low participation of ECE students. This study discusses the parents’ education, household characteristics, child development, infrastructure, and environmental characteristics associated with parents’ decisions on ECE enrolment. This study uses a quantitative approach with probit regression. The data used for this research were from the 2020 Indonesia’s National Socio-Economic Survey and Village Potential Survey. The results of this study indicated that parents’ education had a positive and significant correlation with the parent’s decision to send their children to ECE. The income per capita, the mother's job status, the father's job status, access to food for the household, and the number of household members, which are household characteristics, determine ECE enrolment decisions. Children's growth and development, the infrastructure of the ECE within the district/city, and the environmental characteristics such as residential classification and the regional area of residence are proven to be associated with ECE enrolment.

Perceived Self-Efficacy Effect and Demographic Factors in Work-Family Balance Among Manufacturing Sector Employees

Abstract Work and family are important domains of life to many individuals with each attracting different roles and expectations. Employees who are able to balance work and family responsibilities have been reported to engage more with their work. However, negative work outcomes may result from conflicts among roles. Therefore, this paper investigated the influence of self-efficacy, gender, job status and length of service on work-life balance among employees in selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Participants consisted of 464 (female = 25.9%) employees that were randomly selected from manufacturing companies in Lagos state, Nigeria. Participants completed the Work-Family Balance Questionnaire and Self-Efficacy Scale. Results of the Two-Way ANOVA analyses revealed a between subject significant main effect of job status, [F(2,455) = 14.35, p<.05, ƞp2 = .059] and self-efficacy, [F(2, 455) = 7.501, p<.05, ƞp2 = .032] on work-family balance. It further showed a between subject significant main effect of gender, [F(1,458) = 14.68, p<.05, ƞp2 = .031] and a significant main effect of length of service, [F(2, 458) = 4.83, p<.05, ƞp2 = .021] on work-family balance. The study concluded that self-efficacy, job status, length of service and gender influenced the capacity to balance work and family roles among employees of manufacturing companies in Nigeria and thus recommended that management should enable employees to utilize their initiative to an acceptable level to enhance their self-efficacy.

Helmet Use and Jaw and Tooth Injuries in Motorcyclists Admitted to a Referral Hospital.

The use of helmets has been reported to reduce the incidence and severity of head injuries in motorcyclists. However, there remains a significant gap in knowledge regarding the effectiveness of helmets, especially in preventing jaw and tooth injuries. In this retrospective analytical study record, all traffic accidents that occurred continuously from 2017 to 2019 in which the motorcyclists were on at least one side of the collision based on inclusion criteria. Data from injury variables in medical records were merged with data related to helmet use in the trauma registration system in Excel software. Then, the final analysis was performed with STATA software version 14 at a significance level of < 0.05. In total, 1807 people participated in the study, and 160 (9.37) people used helmets. The incidence rate of jaw and tooth injuries was 86 (5.04%). Logistic regression implied that the odds ratio for helmet use was 0.7, which considering the p value of 0.419, shows no significant relationship between wearing helmets and jaw and tooth injuries. Helmets alone cannot prevent jaw and tooth injuries, and designers should design helmets that protect the head and the jaw and tooth. In prevention programs and campaigns for motorcyclists, every age, gender, job, grade group and marital status are target groups.

Studying informal care during the pandemic: mental health, gender and job status

Unexpected negative health shocks such as COVID-19 put pressure on households to provide more care to relatives and friends. This study uses data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study to investigate the impact of informal caregiving on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a difference-in-differences analysis, we find that individuals who started providing care after the pandemic began reported more mental health issues than those who never provided care. Additionally, the gender gap in mental health widened during the pandemic, with women more likely to report mental health issues. We also find that those who began providing care during the pandemic reduced their work hours compared to those who never provided care. Our results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of informal caregivers, particularly for women.

Jordanians' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding adverse drug reactions reporting

ObjectivesThe purpose of the current study was to evaluate the general public knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) reporting and pharmacovigilance in Jordan. MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted between July 16, 2022, and July 30, 2022, in Jordan. During the study period, an electronic survey consisting of 4 sections was administered to a convenience sample of Jordanians (aged 18 or above) using 2 social media platforms (Facebook and WhatsApp). Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the predictors of ADRs reporting by the participants. ResultsA total of 441 participants completed the survey. The majority of the participants (67.6%) were females, 53.1% between 26 and 45 years old. Almost all participants (96.3%) were always aware of the indication of the medications they take, the time and frequency (87.8%), and the duration of medications (84.4%). Nearly one-third of the participants (37.4%) asked about their medications' ADRs. However, the drug information leaflet was the most frequently used source of ADR information (33.3%). The majority of responders believed that both healthcare providers and consumers should report ADRs (93.4% and 80.3%, respectively). Only one-quarter of respondents (27.2%) believed that consumers could directly report ADRs through the Jordan pharmacovigilance program. The majority of patients who had experienced ADRs (70.3%) were aware that ADRs should be reported, and among them, 91.9% had reported the ADRs to healthcare providers. Furthermore, few participants (8.1%) reported it to the Jordan National Pharmacovigilance Centre (JNCP). Linear regression revealed that none of the demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, job, and social status) were affecting public reporting practice of the ADRs (P > 0.05 for all). ConclusionRespondents showed fair knowledge about adverse drug reactions and their reporting. However, there is a need to initiate educational activities and intervention programs to raise awareness about the JNPC, which will have a positive impact on public health and ensure safe medication use in Jordan.

Factors Associated with Primary Care Provider's Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in China: A Machine Learning-Based Random Forest Analysis.

The objective of the study is to explore the factors that influence the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of primary care providers in China, with a focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the rescission of restriction policies. We utilized the 20-item Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and the 25-item organizational commitment survey to assess job satisfaction and organizational commitment. In total, 435 valid responses were included in our analysis. The average scores for job satisfaction and organizational commitment were 80.6 and 90.8. After a two-step tuning process, we built random forest models by machine learning. The results show income change, working years, working years in the current institute, and age were the four most important features associated with job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and most of their dimensions. The number of professional fields engaged, gender, job status, and types of endowment insurance were least associated. During pandemic time, income-related factors remain a core concern for primary care providers, whereas job security may lose its importance. These findings suggest that financial bonuses may be an effective way to boost morale, and age-specific motivation plans may be necessary.

Translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Persian version of Occupational Balance Questionnaire in healthy adults

Introduction: Occupational balance is a fundamental concept that plays an influential role in enhancing health and well-being. Method: The Persian Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 was administered to 157 healthy individuals in the test phase and 80 healthy individuals in the retest phase. Floor or ceiling effects, construct validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, standard error of the measurement and smallest detectable change were examined. Results: The Persian Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 showed no missing responses. There were no floor or ceiling effects for the total score. The independent t-test did not show a statistically significant difference between groups (based on age category, marital status and job status) that didn’t support discriminant validity. Factor analysis demonstrated a three-factor solution for the Persian Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 which jointly accounted for 57.62% of the total variance. There was high internal consistency for test (α = 0.813) and retest (α = 0.853). The test–retest reliability for Persian Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 with a 1-week interval was excellent (ICCagreement = 0.880). The standard error of the measurement and smallest detectable change were 2.02 and 5.60, respectively. Conclusion: Persian Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing occupational balance in healthy Persian-speaking participants.

Nursing profession in Africa: A study on work engagement and talent management practices in South Africa

AbstractBackgroundThe global shortage of nurses, intensified by nurses migrating to richer countries, creates a health crisis in developing countries. This study investigates how strategic talent management practices can improve the work engagement of professional nurses in public hospitals in South Africa.MethodsA cross‐sectional, self‐administered survey was conducted among professional nurses employed in three large public hospitals in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. We measured: (1) management commitment, (2) talent review, (3) workforce planning, (4) staffing, (5) talent acquisition, (6) talent development, (7) talent commitment and (8) talent retention. The sub‐dimensions of work engagement that were measured included: (1) vigour, (2) absorption and (3) dedication. Descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) analyses were performed. The gap analysis calculated the difference between the current and desired status means talent management item.ResultsThe gap analysis revealed the biggest discrepancies between the value nurses attach to and the current status of management commitment and the talent review and staffing processes. Multiple regression analyses confirmed that current status‐rating talent acquisition impacts dedication and absorption combined (r = 0.112, p‐value = 0.012 &lt; 0.05) and management commitment impacts absorption and vigour combined (r = 0.26, p‐value = 0.026 &lt; 0.05). The importance‐rating revealed talent development and commitment combined influences dedication and absorption combined (r = 0.092, p‐value = 0.038 &lt; 0.05), and talent review and planning impacts absorption and vigour combined (r = 0.115, p‐value = 0.010 &lt; 0.05). Age and job status had a significant effect on absorption–vigour.ConclusionHospital managers can improve the engagement of nurses by demonstrating their commitment to talent development, offering a diverse variety of development opportunities and ensuring a pipeline of new nurses by improving the attractiveness of the profession. The study shows how strategic talent management practices can serve to improve work engagement in the healthcare sector.

Suicidality and Its Association with Stigma in Clinically Stable Patients with Schizophrenia in Rural China.

Patients with schizophrenia not only experience more stigma than those with other mental illnesses, but they also have a higher risk of committing suicide. There are, however, few research on the connection between rural individuals with clinically stable schizophrenia and suicidality when they feel stigmatized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to look at the suicidality in clinically stable patients with schizophrenia in rural China, including the prevalence, clinical correlates, and its relationships with stigma. From September 2022 to October 2022, we conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study in rural Chaohu, Anhui Province, China, and A total of 821 patients with schizophrenia completed the assessment. Three standardized questions were used to assess suicidality (including suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt), Patient Health Questionnaire with 9 items (PHQ-9) for determining depressive state, the first two items of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (QOL), which measures quality of life, the Social Impact Scale (SIS) to assess stigma, and some other important variables (eg employment, psychiatric medication, etc.) were measured using a homemade scale. Of the 821 participants who completed the questionnaire, 19.2% of the patients were found to have suicidality, of which 19.2% (158/821) were suicidal ideation, 5.6% (46/821) were suicide plans and 4.5% (37/821) were suicide attempts. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that job status (OR=0.520, p=0.047), psychiatric medication (OR=2.353, p=0.020), number of hospitalizations (OR=1.047, p=0.042), quality of life (OR=0.829, p=0.027), PHQ-9 (OR=0.209, p<0.001) stigma (OR=1.060, p<0.001) and social isolation in stigma (OR=1.134, p=0.001) were associated independently with suicidality. Among clinically stable schizophrenia patients in rural China, suicidality is frequent and associated with stigma. Since stigma and some risk factors have a negative impact on suicidality, we should conduct routine screening and take suicide prevention measures to clinically stable schizophrenia patients in rural areas of China.

Gender differences in spending on information and communication technology and transport fuel intensity: Evidence from Ghana

This study estimated the effects of spending on information and communication technology (ICT) on transport fuel intensity and examined how the effects of gender on transport fuel intensity depend on spending on ICT in expanding economies. It applied restricted dependent binary logistic regression to the Ghana Living Standards Survey of 14,009 households disaggregated into 4366 women’s and 9643 men’s households, respectively. The main findings were that ICT expenditures complement fuel intensity in transportation and that spending on ICT has a greater impact on the fuel intensity of transportation in urban households headed by women than in those headed by men. Additionally, the study revealed that households headed by men or women consume less fuel as their income increases, age has an effect on the fuel intensity of the male and full households but not the female households, and the fuel efficiency of female-headed households improved as family size increased. Finally, only female-headed households exhibit a significant correlation between transportation fuel intensity and job status. The original value of this paper is to show that reducing spending on ICT is much more desirable for reducing the intensity of transport fuel in a gender context in expanding urban economies.

Factors Affecting Graduates’ Employability of Business-Related Programs: A Tracer Study

The goal of the study was to ascertain the job history and status of Jose Rizal Memorial State University graduates, in particular those who completed the bachelor's degree programs in tourism and hotel and restaurant management between 2012 and 2016. The design of this tracer study utilized a descriptive quantitative methodology. To collect pertinent study data, a modified, standardized questionnaire and interviewing methods were employed as the instrument. Only 109 graduates out of a total of 241 responded to the survey via email and social networking sites. In order to determine the respondent's profile and mean for the degree of usefulness and relevance of the work-related values and abilities and curriculum-related elements, a frequency count and percentage computation were used. According to the survey, honesty and love of God are "Very Much Helpful" in the tourism industry, along with work-related qualities. Communication abilities were identified as being "Very Much Connected" to the job requirements for both tourism and the management of hotels and restaurants. With the exception of Natural Science, Culinary Arts and Services, and Accounting for HRM, practically all of the variables had significant relevance from elements relating to the curriculum. It is advised that the curriculum be modified to reflect changes in the new educational system and to accommodate the shifting needs of business. To increase the number of graduates, teachers should also improve or change their teaching methods to better meet the needs and requirements of the different types of students they are teaching.&#x0D;

Emotional intelligence and organizational communication in perceived teamwork effectiveness among bank employees in Nigeria

PurposeThis study aims to examine emotional intelligence (EI) and organizational communication as predictors of teamwork effectiveness among bank employees in Nigeria. The Nigerian banking industry suffered financial crisis, leading to depression, following inability to meet standards of the regulatory body. With current emphasis on teamwork for business growth, literatures suggest EI and organizational communication as predictors for teamwork effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey of 230 bank employees, selected through multistage sampling, using a valid and reliable structured questionnaire that incorporated all research variables was used for data collection. A questionnaire containing the research scales was administered and data were collected.FindingsPositive relationship was established between perceived teamwork effectiveness and components of EI, including self-emotion appraisal, other’s emotion appraisal (OEA), actual use of emotion and regulation of emotion (ROE) and perceived organizational communication effectiveness. Hierarchical regression analysis reveals that age, gender, job status and educational qualification jointly predicted teamwork effectiveness, although only educational qualification contributed significantly. The inclusion of EI dimensions showed that only OEA, actual use of emotion and ROE were significant predictors, along with organizational communication.Research limitations/implicationsData collected were based on self-report of the participants. It is advised that more objective measures could be devised. The findings are limited to the banking industry and cannot be generalized to other work organizations. The research was conducted in Nigeria, a developing country; thus, the findings may not be generalized to the developed nations.Practical implicationsEducational factor could be applied in engaging team members. On the alternative, commercial banks should invest in periodic training programs to enhance employee communication skills and EI. Human resources personnel could use these research outcomes to enhance the selection and placement of employees in commercial banks. By these research findings the adequacies of some psychological theories in explaining team effectiveness have been empirically implicated, and the literature on team effectiveness has been increased. Consequently, commercial banks should invest in periodic training programs to enhance employee communication skills and EI, and use these findings to enhance selection and placement in Nigerian banks. It is evident from the results of the present study that the more educated team members are the more likely their teams would be effective in the teamwork. However, periodic training (both off the job and on the job) on EI and its pertinent dimensions, and adoption of appropriate communication styles, could be used to compliment educational deficiencies. Thus, the less educated persons could function adequately in teams if they receive the empowerment. The human resources managers are to note that new bank employees would be better team players when there are adequate orientated on programs on how towards effective to communicate at teamwork functions.Social implicationsIt is evident from these research findings that EI and appropriate organizational communication are behavioral tools that could enhance team interaction and consequently improve team effectiveness.Originality/valueIt is revealed how teams could be made effective through the combined factors of EI and organizational communication, especially among bank employees in Nigeria. Unlike some other studies, this research discovered the specific EI factors that could enhance team effectiveness, not just general EI. It empirically validated some theories that are proposed in relation to EI and organizational communication. This study showcased how teams could be made more effective in the banking sector of the Nigerian economy.

Prevalence and the affecting factors on depression, anxiety and stress (DASS) among elders in Qazvin City, in the Northwest of Iran

BackgroundDepression, anxiety, and stress are among the most common mental health disorders of the elderly that affect the health of individuals and society. Considering the growing trend of the elderly population in Iran, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of these disorders and to identify the factors affecting them in the elderly.MethodsWe conducted this cross-sectional study using cluster random sampling on 301 elderly people referred to Qazvin health centers. Data was collected using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) questionnaire and analyzed through univariate and multivariate linear regression tests with the interaction between variables in STATA Version 14 software. A P-value of less than 0.05 was significant.ResultsThe prevalence of depression was 45.5%, anxiety 35.5%, and stress 40.2%. Our findings showed that 22.9%, 7.9%, and 14.3% of people had severe and very severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. The variables of age, comorbidity, living status and job status had a significant relationship with the DASS score (p < 0.05). There was an interaction between the variables of comorbidity and income status influencing the DASS score (β = 0.68, 95% CI 0.15, 1.22).ConclusionThe prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in the elderly was high, indicating the inappropriate status of their mental health. Therefore, it is necessary to take operational steps to reduce some problems in the elderly, prioritize the elderly suffering from concurrent diseases, the unemployed elderly, those who do not have a certain income, and the elderly who live alone.

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Associated Factors in Korean Adults: National Mental Health Survey of Korea 2021.

Mental health is a global concern and needs to be studied more closely. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders and their associated factors among the general population in Korea. The National Mental Health Survey of Korea 2021 was conducted between June 19 and August 31, 2021 and included 13,530 households; 5,511 participants completed the interview (response rate: 40.7%). The lifetime and 12-month diagnosis rates of mental disorders were made using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD), nicotine use disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder were analyzed, and mental health service utilization rates were estimated. The lifetime prevalence of mental disorders was 27.8%. The 12-month prevalence rates of alcohol use, nicotine use, depressive, and anxiety disorders were 2.6%, 2.7%, 1.7%, and 3.1%, respectively. The risk factors associated with 12-month diagnosis rates were as follows: AUD: sex and age; nicotine use disorder: sex; depressive disorder: marital status and job status; anxiety disorder: sex, marital status, and job status. The 12-month treatment and service utilization rates for 12-month AUD, nicotine use disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder were 2.6%, 1.1%, 28.2%, and 9.1%, respectively. Approximately 25% of adults in the general population were diagnosed with mental disorders during their lifetime. The treatment rates were substantially low. Future studies on this topic and efforts to increase the mental health treatment rate at a national level are needed.

The association of employment status and unwanted job loss with maternal oral health experiences: findings from the pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system

BackgroundOral health is an essential component of a healthy pregnancy. While most women work full-time while pregnant, research has overlooked the impact of occupational status and job loss on oral health experiences during pregnancy. To examine the impact of employment status and job loss on oral health experiences during pregnancy in the United States.DataData are from eight sites (Georgia, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, New York State, New York City, and Wisconsin) of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) for the years 2016–2020 (n = 31,362). Multiple logistic regression is used to assess the relationship between occupational status (including employment status and unwanted job loss) during pregnancy and oral health.FindingsWomen who experienced an unwanted job loss in the prenatal period were at elevated risk of not having dental insurance, not receiving a dental cleaning during pregnancy, having an oral health problem, and having unmet dental care needs.ConclusionExperiencing unwanted job loss around the time of pregnancy is an important life event that corresponds to worse oral health experiences. There is a need for greater focus on adverse life events, such as job loss, especially during pregnancy, as a mechanism for oral health issues and challenges with proper access to dental health systems.

Career Blockades to Women’s Advancement to Positions of Authority: The role of Power Distance, Emotional Labour and Social Dominance Orientation

Despite several efforts to address gender inequality in the workplace, women’s participation in managerial positions is still low, globally and gender-related power imbalances in the workplace continues to persist. This study explores the influence of emotional labour, power distance and social dominance orientation (SDO) on attitudes towards women in high ranking jobs. The study adopted a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design. A total of 315 employees across a wide range of the industrial sector in Southern part of Nigeria participated in the study. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire and analysed using a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent samples t-test and hierarchical regression analysis. Findings revealed that emotional labour, power distance and social dominance orientation independently and jointly influenced attitudes towards women in high ranking jobs. (f [1, 315] =17.611; p&lt;.05). Employees with perceived low power distance (x ̅=89.66, SD=18.68) and low social dominance orientation (x ̅=94.73, SD=20.45) significantly reported more favourable attitudes towards women in high status jobs than employees with perceived high power distance (x ̅=72.16, SD=17.04) and high social dominance orientation (x ̅=70.85, SD=12.91). Power distance, social dominance orientation and emotional labour are important in the examination of attitude towards women in positions of authority. It is therefore suggested that trainings and media campaigns to change perceptions be intensified.

Herpes Simplex Infection in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Patients: A Seroepidemiological Study

Background: Herpes simplex viruses have been implicated as a cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to their widespread distribution and ability to infect human vascular endothelial cells. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the link between Herpes simplex infections and cardiovascular disease. Methods: This case-control study involved 236 patients aged 35 - 65, 118 with known cardiovascular disease and 118 controls. Patients’ cardiovascular disease evaluation was based on data from questionnaires, a specialist’s physical examinations, and paraclinical tests. Herpes simplex viruses (HSV)-antibodies (IgM, IgG) were determined using ELISA in serum samples, and the biochemical blood indicators were analyzed to examine their relationship to the level of HSV antibodies. All the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Results: IgM antibodies against herpes simplex were negative among all 236 patients. The positivity rate of IgG antibodies against herpes simplex was 58.8 and 51.2% in the case and control groups, respectively with no significant difference (P = 0.253). Patients with cardiovascular disease had a 0.587-fold higher positive rate of IgG antibodies than patients in the control group (odds ratio (OR) = 0.587). The mean age of patients with positive IgG antibodies was significantly lower than patients with negative IgG antibodies (P = 0.012). IgG positivity among men and women (P = 0.670) and different job statuses (P = 0.866) were not significantly different. Conclusions: The positivity rate of IgG antibodies against herpes simplex was not significantly different among the study groups. Although patients with positive IgG antibodies’ mean age was lower than those with negative IgG antibodies, the gender and job status were not different.

Exploring the Effect of Remote Teaching on Preservice Special Education Teachers Motivation During COVID-19 Pandemic

The study aimed to explore the impact of remote teaching on the motivation towards learning of special education students in a private university in the UAE. The researchers administered a 22-item questionnaire to 150 special education students and analyzed the data collected to determine the level of their motivation towards remote teaching. The results of the study revealed that the motivation of special education students towards remote teaching was moderate. The study also found that there was no significant difference in motivation levels based on gender, academic year, and job status. The findings of this study can be beneficial for designing and implementing teacher education programs that cater to the needs of special education students. Furthermore, the study provides valuable insights into the effective use of remote teaching in special education. The implications of the study suggest that educators need to develop specific strategies to increase the motivation of special education students towards remote learning. For example, educators may consider the use of interactive and engaging teaching methods, such as gamification or multimedia tools, to increase student engagement and motivation. Finally, the study recommends further research to explore the impact of remote teaching on the academic performance of special education students. Further research can help to identify effective teaching strategies that can enhance student learning outcomes and contribute to the development of effective teacher training programs.

Self-esteem and satisfaction in the workgroup. The postpandemic perspective

The relationship between job satisfaction and self-esteem has been analysed at length by professionals in different fields. Research on the relationship between job satisfaction and self-esteem aims to improve worker productivity. Although research over time includes many different jobs, methods, and test groups, the conclusion is almost unanimous that regardless of job status, there is a strong relationship between job satisfaction and self-esteem.&#x0D; The research aim is to identify the relationship between the self-esteem of employed people and their satisfaction in the work group. In this sense, we analysed some basic concepts, self-esteem and job satisfaction - the second of its components. The values obtained during the statistical tests carried out showed the existence of a correlation in the selected sample. Such a link is vital for employers to be aware of, as work failures could negatively impact employees with low self-esteem.