Sector Jobs Research Articles

THE JOURNEY TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT VIA SOLAR ENERGY: A RECAP

In addition to being a fantastic source of energy and environmentally friendly technology, solar energy is one of the most significant types of green and renewable energy. It greatly facilitates the achievement of sustainable development energy results. Because sunlight has such a large daily energy quantum available,It is an incredibly useful resource for producing electricity. To completely fulfill our energy needs, efforts are being made to improve both solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar power operations. In other words, the energy sector benefits and job needs are met when there is a installed capacity of solar energy operations in the same location internationally. This research looks at the application of solar energy, how it fits into the framework of sustainable development, and how employment is generally impacted by renewable energy sources. It offers understanding and analysis of solar energy sustainability, covering both environmentally friendly and financially successful development. Likewise, It has established a link between the advantages of solar energy operations and sustainable development by enhancing environmental conservation, creating jobs, and satisfying energy needs. Lastly, solar energy technology serves as a backdrop for the energy sector's operations and provides an early look at future advancements in this area.

Analysing the Impact of Industrial Revolution 4.0 on Traditional Occupations and Community Adaptation Efforts in Bali

This research investigates the impact of Industrial Revolution 4.0 on traditional occupations in Bali, employing a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling and Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) analysis. A diverse sample of 250 individuals engaged in agriculture, crafts, and tourism provides insights into the multifaceted nature of Bali's traditional job sectors. The measurement model assessment confirms the reliability and validity of latent variables, including technological adoption, changes in employment patterns, income levels, and community adaptation efforts. The structural model analysis reveals a positive influence of technological adoption on changes in employment patterns and income levels, indicating transformative opportunities within traditional occupations. However, challenges arise in maintaining income equity amidst shifts in employment patterns. The study also highlights the proactive response of communities, with technological adoption positively correlating with effective adaptation efforts. The model fit and sensitivity analysis affirm the robustness of the findings. This research contributes nuanced insights for policymakers and community leaders navigating the intersection of tradition and technological progress in Bali's evolving socio-economic landscape.

The social reproductive labour of university students with hostile Jobs

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the social reproductive labour of one group of young people - university students who hold hostile jobs. Engaging in paid work while studying full-time has become common for university students. Despite the desire for high-quality work-integrated learning opportunities, many working undergraduate students face precarious working conditions in service sector jobs. Full-time undergraduate students at two Canadian universities who engaged in term-time paid work participated in focus groups, life mapping, interviews, and audio diaries. The data revealed that more than half of the students experienced hostile work that is characterized by precarious conditions, intensified working pace, erratic scheduling and discrimination. We explore three kinds of social reproductive labour done by young working university students in hostile jobs – the labour of navigating their job conditions, the labour of juggling work and study, and the labour of striving for control and well-being. Our analysis suggests the need to broaden the recognition of the work of working students and to ensure better quality work for young people. Conceptually, the paper is informed by feminist political economy, particularly debates on social reproductive labour.

Re-reading of Society and Culture in the Context of Administrative System in 19th Century British Bengal: A Review

There have been revolutionary changes in the arts, literature and culture of Bengal during the post-Polasshey battle period. As the British interfered with the rule and government system, the then Muslims left no stone unturned to protect the so-called religious values cherished by Muslims. During this time the British brought about a lot of administrative reformation by passing and enacting newer laws in order to ensure their power long lasting. Although the British started ruling the Bengal with the purpose of trade and commerce at the beginning, later on they started ruling for political gains. They formulated laws that were suited to the existing society and culture and so the influence of newer forms of culture increased gradually. Although the local Muslims rejected the arts, education and culture of the British merchants, the Hindu community soon accepted them and became successful in attaining the satisfaction and favourism of the British. Thus, the Hindus solely succeeded in playing a great role in influencing the administration. After a further deterioration of the Muslims in the administrative role in the 19th century, the Muslim leaders realized the situation and they took some timely decisions. As a result, an introduction to Muslim renaissance started along with the changes of their previous negligence. By that time, the youths of the Hindu community, patronized by the British merchants and ruling community, have gained sole control in most of the social indexes including trade and commerce, education and job sectors. During this period, there arose a complicated proximity in the relationship between the Hindus and the Muslims and a result, a great change went through the socio-cultural aspects. The Muslims participated in some minor to significant rebellious movements against the British to get rid of the antagonistic/contradictory behavior, discrimination and exploitation of the British. These movements, although were not completely successful outwardly, paved the way for preparing a strong foundation of nationalistic movements later on. Thus, there arose a new context in which the study of language, arts, literature and gaining knowledge got a new dimension which paved the way for a new culture amidst the repudiation of the British elements.

Collaboration Skills in Vocational Schools in The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Sector

In 2018, the technology, business and ICT (information and communication technology) sectors were the sectors that received the most new students at the vocational school level. Jobs in the ICT sector are one of the sectors that are really needed in Indonesia. There are more job vacancies in the ICT sector for vocational schools than for high schools. However, in the 2015-2019 period, the number of ICT sector workers with high school graduates was higher than vocational school graduates. The soft skill that is most needed in ICT sector jobs is collaboration. The main objective of this literacy study is to describe learning methods to improve collaboration skills in vocational high school students in the ICT field. Systematic literacy study using the PICOC framework is the method used. The results of this literacy study are in the form of descriptions related to: 1. The concept of collaboration; 2. Challenges and obstacles; 3. Learning activities to improve collaboration skills. It was found that problem-based learning (PBL) can improve collaboration abilities. To be suited to the world of work, it is necessary to integrate the Scrum model to develop vocational school students' collaboration skills in the field of ICT.

Public service motivation and public sector employment in Korea

AbstractThis study aims to investigate whether individual differences in public service motivation (PSM) between the public and private sectors are a cause or a consequence of choosing a job, testing self‐selection and socialization hypotheses using a longitudinal dataset from a nationally representative cohort in Korea. The study uses two samples from the data of three successive waves (t − 2, t, t + 2) surveyed biennially, finding that “self‐selection” can more persuasively explain the state that employees in the public sector have higher levels of PSM than those in the private sector, with job seekers with high PSM levels being more likely to work in the public sector and with the magnitude of differences in PSM between the public and private sectors maintained through the early years after entry into the workplace, while the levels of PSM, however, decrease in all job sectors. Implications of our findings are discussed.

Public support for carbon tax in South Korea: The role of tax design and revenue recycling

AbstractCarbon tax is widely regarded as an effective and efficient method to reduce carbon emissions. However, the introduction of carbon tax has faced resistance from the public and interest groups. In this article, we examine the determinants of public support for carbon taxation in South Korea. While the expected cost of the carbon tax on individual citizens appears to be the most important determinant of preferences towards carbon tax, we also find that the public support changes depending on the design of the revenue recycling system. The public is more likely to support a carbon tax scheme that is earmarked to support the energy‐poor population compared to one that uses tax revenues for general government expenditures. The use of carbon tax revenues to create green sector jobs appears to significantly increase the support for carbon tax compared to the use of revenue for the general environment budget. Our findings suggest that while opposition towards carbon tax exists, certain design features such as universal carbon dividends can alleviate some resistance from the public.

Doing more with less

PurposeThis paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.Design/methodology/approachThis briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.FindingsSMEs in Canada account for around 90% of private sector jobs, and yet they are unable to invest in upskilling to counter the pervasive skilled labor shortages hitting the economy.Originality/valueThe briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Developing Service Excellence Skills through the Guest Teacher Training Program at Vocational High School

One crucial competence for vocational school (SMK) students to enter the business, industry, and job sectors (DUDIKA) as a skill-based school is service excellence. The purpose of this activity and training is to enhance students' skills in implementing the concept of service excellence as a form of best service for customers. The activity was attended by 107 students and 8 teachers. The method used is qualitative, not only serving as knowledge dissemination to the community through education but also integrating input from the school through interviews, documentation, and complete participatory observation, where the author will be fully involved in what the students are doing, along with documentation. The training method employed is the Active Learning Class. The findings reveal that students experienced an improvement in understanding and skills in providing excellent service.

How can countries respond to the health and care workforce crisis? Insights from international evidence.

Future global health security requires a health and care workforce (HCWF) that can respond effectively to health crises as well as to changing health needs with ageing populations, a rise in chronic conditions and growing inequality. COVID-19 has drawn attention to an impending HCWF crisis with a large projected shortfall in numbers against need. Addressing this requires countries to move beyond a focus on numbers of doctors, nurses and midwives to consider what kinds of healthcare workers can deliver the services needed; are more likely to stay in country, in rural and remote areas, and in health sector jobs; and what support they need to deliver high-quality services. In this paper, which draws on a Policy Brief prepared for the World Health Organization (WHO) Fifth Global Forum on Human Resources for Health, we review the global evidence on best practices in organising, training, deploying, and managing the HCWF to highlight areas for strategic investments. These include (1). Increasing HCWF diversity to improve the skill-mix and provide culturally competent care; (2). Introducing multidisciplinary teams in primary care; (3). Transforming health professional education with greater interprofessional education; (4). Re-thinking employment and deployment systems to address HCWF shortages; (5). Improving HCWF retention by supporting healthcare workers and addressing migration through destination country policies that limit draining resources from countries with greatest need. These approaches are departures from current norms and hold substantial potential for building a sustainable and responsive HCWF.

Konversi Lahan Pertanian Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kesejahteraan Petani Dan Ketahanan Pangan Di Provinsi Bali

<p><em>Land conversion is a logical consequence of increasing activity and population as well as other development processes. Land conversion is a natural thing to happen, but in reality, land conversion is a problem because it occurs on agricultural land that is still productive. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the conversion of agricultural land; know the impact of conversion of agricultural land on the welfare of farmers; and understanding the impact of the conversion on food security. Data analysis used in this study was factor analysis using a computer with the SPSS 19.0 program package.</em><em> </em><em>Based on the results of the research, the conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that the main factors driving land conversion are external and internal. The dominant external factors driving conversion are increased land requirements, more promising jobs in other sectors, uncertainty in the price of agricultural products (price fluctuations), and difficulties in finding workers in the agricultural sector. Internal factors driving land conversion are difficulties in obtaining water resources, high risk, and economic pressure; there was an increase in the income of Subak Gadon farmers on an average of IDR 240,650/are/month as a result of farmers converting land from paddy fields to utilization for business ventures. Land conversion does not affect the food security of farming families but affects food supply at the regional level.</em></p>

The Neglected Class in the Developed Countries - Inequality in Economic Globalization

In the modern world, economic globalization has a big influence on the environment, economy, and society at large. Although it has significantly increased global development and decreased worldwide inequality, it has also presented serious difficulties, mainly with regard to the uneven distribution of income and advantages among people in developed countries. This article investigates the extent to which economic globalization affects local stability and political shifts in the United States, focusing on the disappearance of middle-skill jobs, the rise of populism, and the fallen of the American dream. The study employs a comprehensive literature review of existing research, theoretical frameworks, and empirical studies to navigate the complexity of the topic. Economic globalization has exacerbated income inequality, particularly in the United States, leading to the disappearance of middle-skill jobs, industrial sector decline, job outsourcing, and wage disparities. The belief that economic globalization denies people economic opportunities and exacerbates inequality is a contributory factor to the rise of populism in the nation. While economic globalization has increased average incomes worldwide, it has also widened the gap between rich and poor within developed countries. Governments should focus on equitable distribution of benefits, invest in education and social reforms, and enhance communities' ability to adapt to globalization, ultimately striving for fair and stable societies that align with the goals of global prosperity.

The impact of psychosocial safety climate on public sector job satisfaction: the moderating role of organizational climate

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to uncover the effect of psychological safety climate (PSC) on employees’ job satisfaction and organisational climate mediating processes explaining that association. It is posited that the four PSC aspects (management commitment, management priority, organisational participation, and organisational communication) are important for employees’ job satisfaction and organisational climate act as resources to facilitate the enactment of managerial quality.MethodsThis study uses a quantitative approach through a questionnaire survey method involving 340 Kota Kinabalu City Hall employees who were selected through simple random sampling.ResultsThe results of linear regression analysis found that organisation participation has a positive significant relationship with job satisfaction. Organisational communication also showed a negative and significant relationship with job satisfaction. Meanwhile, both management commitment and management priority are statistically insignificant. When the organisational climate is included in the relationship as a mediator through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to reinforce the role of psychological safety climate in increasing job satisfaction, such mediating role can only strengthen the relationship between management commitment and organisational participation with job satisfaction.ConclusionDespite the study being cross-sectional, it contributes to knowledge on the resources facilitating PSC, which is important for employees’ psychological health. From a practical viewpoint, this study contributes to the literature showing that organizations with good PSC should have policies and practices directed towards employee well-being. The implications of the study for DBKK management are to providing knowledge on the types of psychosocial safety climate domains that plays a crucial role in improving the job satisfaction of DBKK employees.

ANALYSIS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN BUILDING WORKERS OF SMAN 5 BRAWIJAYA BUILDING KEDIRI

Construction projects are a job sector that has level risks and work accident , this is caused consequence low awareness to application Occupational Safety and Health (K3) and in accordance with the regulations applicable legislation. Often application of K3 to a construction project considered only as a cost expense , not as an investment to prevent happen work accidents but can give level loss of the construction project. Kediri is city biggest third in East Java province after Surabaya and Malang according to population . Kediri City is city the oldest in East Java. SMAN 5 Taruna Brawijaya Kediri, East Java was built with the aim of support teaching and learning activities. Results of the analysis it can be categorized Work accidents among construction workers at SMAN 5 Brawijaya Kediri : Indiscipline workforce , Do not have standardization of good and clear K3 implementation, Refuse recommendation use of personal safety equipment , No evaluation system regarding the implementation of work in implementing K3, and unclear division of tasks in formation organization so it is not clear how to implement it.

Ethnic Disparities in Educational Development: Lessons Learned from Indonesia’s Secondary Education Affirmation Program

This research evaluates the Indonesian government's affirmative secondary education (ADEM) policy towards Papuan ethnic minorities. The aim is to demonstrate the achievement of policy targets, namely increasing achievement motivation, building ethnic solidarity, building nationalism, and preparing students to compete in the national and international job market. The research was conducted using quantitative methods, totaling 289 respondents who were determined purposively. Data was collected using closed questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. From the 4 variables, it was concluded that students' achievement motivation was high (54.5%), moderate inter-ethnic solidarity (46%), and high nationalism (82%). While students' readiness to enter the national and international job market is low due to the policy of protecting ethnic Papuans from getting formal sector jobs in Papua, their attachment to the land and past experiences has not completely disappeared. Judging from the father's main job, students from entrepreneurial families stand out the most, they have high achievement motivation, ethnic solidarity, nationalism, and competitive readiness. Meanwhile, students from families whose parents do not work or are looking for work have the lowest achievement. Judging from the average father's income, there is a trend that the higher the parent's income, the higher the achievement in terms of achievement motivation, ethnic solidarity, nationalism, and competitive readiness. This research shows that affirmative secondary education policies are useful in reducing ethnic disparities. Therefore, this policy needs to be continued and expanded to other ethnic groups who are included in the critical mass.

Motivational signals in public sector job advertisements and how they relate to attracting and hiring candidates

ABSTRACT This study examines how motivational signals in job advertisements relate to public employers’ recruitment success, testing hypotheses derived from signalling theory and person – environment fit theory. We combine job advertisements collected via web crawling with matched survey data on the recruitment process (1,863 recruiters), capturing Germany’s public sector job market. Using quantitative text analysis, we identify motivational signals in the job advertisements and analyse to what extent they relate to indicators of recruitment success. Results show that prosocial signals positively relate to a higher quality of applications and a more qualified selected candidate. By contrast, extrinsic and intrinsic motivational signals did not exhibit statistically significant effects.

Elaboration and Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Data in the Frame of Occupational Safety and Health Assessment in Sustainable Engineering Systems

Facing the threat of SARS-CoV-2, several countries implemented protective measures to annihilate the waves of the pandemic. Apart from quarantine, social distancing, frequent disinfection, and the use of a face mask, vaccination against COVID-19 soon became available. The measures taken in the workplace to inhibit the spread of the virus were important, as some controversial policies emerged regarding the vaccination status of employees. The “health pass” changed the workplace environment immensely, as in many job sectors vaccination became mandatory. Unvaccinated employees were required to undergo specific COVID-19 tests to access their workplace, while other specialized workers such as health workers were removed from their work altogether. Such measures would be justified if it was certain that vaccinated people cannot transmit the virus, but over the course of years this hypothesis seems to have faded. The main aim of this study is the confirmation (or the non-validation) of this hypothesis and of the specific applied measures through the elaboration and statistical analysis of vaccination data from 35 countries in relation to their daily announced infections over the time frame from the forty-fourth week of 2021 to the fourth week of 2022. This is examined from an occupational safety and health (OSH) perspective (taking into account the three pillars of sustainability) concerning risk management and safety assessment at the workplaces of sustainable engineering systems (SES). The findings imply that this hypothesis is contestable. Therefore, it is doubtful whether workplace segregation measures were socially and economically sustainable. It is deduced that (i) the complete freedom of vaccinated employees was a situation which intensified occupational risk, degraded the safety level at the workplaces of sustainable engineering systems, and increased the OSH risk management difficulties, and, on the other hand, (ii) the financial burden of mandatory unemployment and frequent testing was not justified and economically sustainable for the unvaccinated individuals in the middle of a worldwide economic crisis.

The Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Heritage Tourism in Malaysia:A Review

Over the past several decades, the tourism industry centered on cultural sites has evolved into one of the most active and rapidly increasing economic sectors across the globe. This is especially true in countries that are home to a large number of heritage monuments. According to reports provided by the Minister of Tourism, Arts, and Culture, the cultural tourism industry contributed 551 million Malaysian Ringgit (MYR) to the country's economy over the course of the preceding three (3) years prior to the COVID-19 epidemic. In addition, more than seventeen (17) million individuals participated in cultural tourism events during that period. However, ever since the COVID-19 pandemic happened, the tourism heritage business in Malaysia has undergone a big economic collapse economically. As a result, the earnings of a great number of individuals have suffered as a result of this. This article presents a brief investigation of how the COVID-19 outbreak has impacted Malaysia's heritage tourism industry by doing a thorough evaluation of existing studies and statistics from the local government and offering an analysis of the findings. According to the findings of this study, the revenue generated by the heritage tourism industry in Malaysia dropped by an amount equivalent to 50% in the year 2020 compared to the previous year. In addition, there was a decline of more than one hundred thousand (100,000) jobs in sectors of the economy that are directly connected to tourism. It is common knowledge that the COVID-19 outbreak has caused enormous losses for the economy of the country; despite this, the findings of this study shed light on the extent to which these losses damage the economic viability of the heritage tourism sector.

Labor law and artificial intelligence: points of contact and differences

The advent of high-tech and self-learning AI algorithms is setting off an unprecedented transformation of social production processes that will fundamentally affect the entire world of labor. According to the author, the introduction of AI into the world of labor will undoubtedly lead to a temporary surge in technological unemployment, but in the long term, new technologies will create more jobs in new sectors of the economy. The impact of AI on unemployment is context-specific and should be subject to government regulation. The author points out that as a result of the introduction of AI algorithms in the world of labor, arise not only the traditional problems of strengthening the economic power of the employer, discrimination or unauthorized collection of personal data, but set a big complex of legal problems related to the responsibility of the employer for decisions that he himself cannot control. Therefore, for labor law, the most important task is to eliminate the discrepancies between the current model of legal regulation of labor relations and the risks of introducing AI into decision-making processes of hiring and controlling employees. The science of labor law should develop relevant approaches to a reasonable limitation of the use of AI, taking into account the peculiarities of modern algorithmic technologies, production prospects, legal and social risks. The author criticizes proposals for endowing AI with legal personality and the possibility of delegating responsibility for the implementation of employer functions to algorithms. According to the author, AI cannot have legal personality in labor relations (as well as in legal relations of any other type), since the functioning of AI is carried out through the datification of all their participants without the goal of achieving a socially significant result and establishing interaction between subjects of law regarding the satisfaction of their needs. AI is a means of automating labor processes, a digital interface for interaction between elements of the production system. The author states that AI in legal reality can exist only as an object of law. The author proposes to fix in the labor legislation the presumption of responsibility of the employer for the decisions made by AI, regardless of the originally programmed algorithms, even if they were changed by AI as a result of machine learning.

Circular Economy Implementation in Dutch Agriculture: Assessing Sustainable Practices and Economic Impact

The implementation of circular economy principles in Dutch agriculture is a critical endeavor, requiring a thorough assessment of sustainable practices and economic impacts. This paper explores the landscape of circular agriculture, emphasizing principles such as resource efficiency, closed-loop systems, biodiversity conservation, and circular design in farming practices. It investigates the current sustainable practices in Dutch agriculture, providing insights into the adoption rates, successes, and challenges associated with these practices. A literature synthesis navigates global research on circular economy applications in agriculture, with a specific focus on Dutch practices, highlighting gaps and challenges in the existing literature. The methodological framework details the research design, criteria for evaluating sustainable practices, and a comprehensive approach for assessing economic impacts. In-depth analyses unveil specific circular practices in Dutch agriculture, assessing their adoption rates and exploring potential synergies with traditional farming methods. The economic impact section delves into a comprehensive evaluation of circular practices, considering short-term and long-term benefits and costs, job creation, market competitiveness, and sector resilience. Identifying challenges inhibiting circular agriculture adoption, including policy limitations, technological constraints, and cultural factors, precedes actionable strategies for seamless integration. Recommendations for policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders aim to address these challenges, fostering a balanced transition towards circularity. This paper provides a holistic perspective on circular agriculture in the Netherlands, contributing insights into sustainable practices, economic implications, and strategies for overcoming barriers. It underscores the importance of aligning environmental and economic dimensions for the successful advancement of circular agriculture.