Jet Travel Research Articles

Pathology of the Cardiomyopathies

In this era of easy jet travel, as this text emphasizes, one's next heart patient may suffer from Chargas cardiomyopathy, scorpion venom cardiomyopathy, or<i>Argemone mexicana</i>poisoning! With the fuel shortage, hypothermia may soon contribute to some heart disease in elderly patients living in poorly heated hovels. In some patients, immunosuppressive drugs, emetine, daunorubicin, lithium carbonate, or other agents may induce cardiomyopathy. The nature, history, and classification of the primary cardiomyopathies and the well-known secondary cardiomyopathies caused by alcohol, drugs, bacterial, viral, parasitic diseases and infestation are detailed in this book. Part 1 discusses primary cardiomyopathies; part 2, secondary cardiomyopathies in humans and animals. An excellent three-page differential classification of cardiomyopathies at the beginning and complete author and subject indices at the end are special features. The photographs are excellent. The chapter on spontaneous and acquired cardiomyopathies in wild and domestic animals is valuable to veterinarians and offers interesting opportunities

The internal clock of the international jet traveller.

The paper commences with a brief description of some aspects of air travel 50 years ago, and subsequent development to jet travel. This leads into a discussion of travel fatigue and its causes, with particular reference to alteration of the circadian rhythm. A formula for estimating end-of-traveI rest periods is offered, along with suggestions for minimizing fatigue with particular emphasis on adequate planning and their application to the aeroplanes of tomorrow.

The biology of circadian rhythms from man to micro-organism.

THAT man has daily rhythms of body temperature, excretion and many other functions has been known for a very long time. Only recently has it been widely appreciated, however, that these rhythms are driven from within by a elocklike mechanism — that they are not simply a response to the environmental periodicities associated with the rotation of the earth, to which all life on this planet is subjected and wherein it has evolved. The role and importance of these living clocks in human physiology is only beginning to be appreciated. Today especially, in the age of jet and space travel, . . .

Handbuch der Verkehrsmedizin unter Beruecksichtigung aller Verkehrswissenschaften

Credit the authors of this book with a valiant and unique effort. In this rapidly expanding age of jet, space, and underwater travel, not to mention urban traffic snarls, they have consolidated in a single volume data from every conceivable discipline, medical and nonmedical, pertaining to this nonspecialty. In so doing, they focus attention on many diverse and challenging problems, creating new interest and stimulating research for their solution. Transportation medicine is dealt with under the headings of law, psychology, sociology, education, driver qualifications, efficiency, accidents, accident prevention, and various medical and surgical specialties. The consumer, the operator, the industry employee, and the public at large are all methodically scrutinized. Less than half the space is devoted to purely medical subject matter. Topics such as alcoholism, influence of drugs, physical disabilities, and accident prevention reappear with different emphasis in several sections, but with considerable overlap and repetition. In many ways,

The Zoroastrian Response to Westernization: A Case Study of the Parsis of Bombay

WESTERN technology is rapidly changing the face of the globe, transforming everything it touches. Its major impact, however, may not be so much upon the external environment as upon man's value-systems. The expansive power of western civilization is drawing all cultures and religions into its revolutionary orbit and creating a new vision of man and his role on this planet.1 The spiritual East, though it continues to resist this cultural juggernaut, is irresistibly caught under its wheels. It is nonsense, says van Leeuwen, for the nonwestern peoples to accuse the west of 'materialism' whilst themselves making every effort to reach the same standard of living within as short a time as possible.2 Jet travel, atomic energy and the electronics revolution along with the more subtle forces of nationalism, socialism, democracy and radical self-criticism seem unquestionably to be gaining momentum.

Insulin time versus Greenwich time: solving the problems of jet travel.

Insulin time versus Greenwich time: solving the problems of jet travel.

Satellite Communnications: A Case Study of Technolog's Impact on Politics

One of the challenges which democracies face is to preserve the essential liberties of their citizenry while undergoing continual, even drastic, economic and technological development. Mario Einaudi has described the New Deal as an effort to translate eighteenth-century agrarian democracy into twentiethcentury industrial democracy without evacuating the unique values which the Founding Fathers wished to be transmitted. Since the days of FDR, the United States of America has created a distinct “social breakthrough” by being the first nation to enter the postindustrial age of nuclear energy, computers, television, rockets, missiles, wonder drugs, psychedelic techniques, fertility control techniques, and supersonic jet travel. That political processes cannot be divorced from the wider environmental matrix of sociotechnological innovations is a proposition which is gaining in acceptance. Acknowledging the incidence of technological invention on the political process, we have singled out for case study the history of the communications satellite technology, the creation of an unprecedented “chosen instrument” to establish a global system of communications satellites, and the subsequent formation of an international consortium whose members have codominion over the space segment of the global system. What interests us in this study is how technological leadership becomes converted into other forms of power such as economic, political, and commercial.

Some questions of channel flow transition to jet flow

It is usually assumed that the propagation of a turbulent jet traveling in a surrounding medium is basically determined by two parameters: the velocity ratio (m --u2/ul) and the density ratio (n p~/p~) of the surrounding medium and the jet [1]. However, in certain cases, for example for m m 1, the mixing intensity is apparently not only dependent on these factors but is also determined by the in i t i a l flow parameters (existence and state of the wall boundary layers in the nozzle, the intensity of the turbulence in the flow core, etc.). In this case, in order to relate the basic jet characteristics with these in i t ia l parameters we must know how the rearrangement of the "channel" flow into jet flow takes place. w The general qual i ta t ive picture of this transition [2] is characterized by alternation of various flow regimes which are unstable and transition from one to another. A complete analyt ic description of this transition has not yet been developed. Linear stabil i ty theory has had tire greatest success. Among its results we first note that the cr i t ical values of the Reynolds number obtained for jet flows of a viscous fluid [,3] are very low (R. m 4-5) . This means that in the majority of the real flows, in which R >> R., the process of unstable disturbance development in the jet may he satisfactorily described by stability theory for an ideal (inviscid) fluid. The instabili ty of the boundary layer thickness 6 in an ideal fluid was first studied by Rayleigh using the method of small disturbances. The disturbed motion was specified in the form A(y)exp[ ia(x e l ) l , where A(y) is the disturbance amplitude, a -= 27r/X is the wave number, X is the wavelength, c = c r + ic i, e r is the phase velocity, c i is the t ime amplif icat ion coefficient. It ~as shown that the maximum value of the disturbances spatial amplif icat ion coefficient (z =acSci/Cr), equal to 0.4, occurs for c~6 = 0.8. Here the phase velocity was equal to cr/U 0 = 0.5, where U 0 is the difference of the velocit ies at the boundaries of the layer. Further development of the linear theory of hydrodynamic instability of jet flows was presented in the studies of Schade and Michalke [4, 5]. In these studies the problem of free boundary layer instability was examined in an approximate formulation: the real velocity distribution was replaced by profiles consisting of linear segments. This assumption leads, as is known, to a considerable simplif ication of the corresponding differential equations and permits obtaining the solution in finite form.

Human Factors in Jet and Space Travel

Human Factors in Jet and Space Travel

A Review of: “Human Factors in Jet and Space Travel”. A medical-psychological analysis. Edited by S. B. SELLS and C. A. BERRY. (New York : Ronald Press Company, 1961.) [Pp. xvi+386.] 812.

Abstract