Javanese Muslims Research Articles

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh. By Gilles Kepel. Translated by Jon Rothschild. New afterword for the U.S. edition translated by Rose Vekony. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986 (original ed. 1984). 281 pp. Preface by Bernard Lewis. Map; Table; Charts; Chronology; Index. $18.95, cloth. Religion and Modernization in Southeast Asia. By Fred R. von der Mehden. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1986. viii plus 240 pp. Tables; Figures; Bibliography; Index. $29.95, cloth; $14.95, paper. Modern Islamic Political Thought. By Hamid Enayat. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1982. xii plus 225 pp. $20.00, cloth; $8.95, paper. Islamic Movements in Egypt, Pakistan and Iran: An Annotated Bibliography. By Asaf Hussain. London: Mansell Publishing and New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1983. xiv plus 163 pp. Index. $27.00. Iran Since The Revolution: Internal Dynamics, Regional Conflicts, and the Superpowers. Edited by Barry M. Rosen. [Brooklyn College Studies on Society in Change, #47]. Boulder: Social Science Monographs, 1985. (Distributed by Columbia University Press, New York.) xx plus 187 pp. Photos. Index. $20.00, hardcover. Islam in Revolution: Fundamentalism in the Arab World. By R. Hrair Dekmejian. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1985. xi plus 178 pp. Tables; Glossary; Bibliography; Index. $26.00, cloth; $12.95, paper. Mouvements communautaires et Espaces urbains au Machreg. Mona Zakaria et al. Beyrouth: CERMOC, 1985. 175 pp. n.p. Islam in the Modern World. Edited by Denis MacEoin and Ahmed al‐Shahi. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983. xviii plus 148 pp. Index. $22.50. From Socialism to Islam? By David Westerlund. [Research Report No. 61.] Uppsala: The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1982. 62 pp. Skr. 20:‐. The World or Islam. By T.B. Irving. Brattleboro, VT: Amana Books, 1984. 200 pp. $9.95, paper. Islam and Contemporary Society. Edited by Salem Azzam. London and New York: Longman, 1982. x plus 279 pp. Indices, n.p. Becoming American: The Early Arab Immigrant Experience. By Alixa Naff. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1985. x plus 376 pp. Photographs; Bibliograpy; Index; $19.95. Voyageurs to a Rocky Shore: The Lebanese and Syrians of Nova Scotia. By Nancy W. Jabbra and Joseph G. Jabbra. Halifax, Canada: Institute of Public Affairs, Dalhousie University, 1984. xv plus 177 pp. Photographs; Bibliography. $15.00, paper. Women and the Family in the Middle East. New Voices of Change. Edited by Elizabeth Warnock Fernea. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1985. xxi plus 356 pp. $24.50, cloth. The Passion of al‐Ḣ;allāj: Mystic and Martyr of Islam, 4 vols. By Louis Massignon. Translated from the French with a biographical foreward by Herbert Mason. [Bollingen Series XCVIII]. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982, lxix plus 645 pp. (vol. I); xiii plus 493 pp. (vol. II); xiv plus 360 pp. (vol. III); xviii plus 294 pp. (vol. IV). $125.00. The Crusades Through Arab Eyes. By Amin Maalouf. Translated from the French by Jon Rothschild. London: Al Saqi Books, 1983. iv plus 293 pp. Maps; Chronology; Glossary; Index. $10.95, paper. Divine Omniscience and Omnipotence In Medieval Philosophy: Islamic, Jewish and Christian Perspectives. Edited by Tamar Rudavsky. [Synthese Historical Library, Volume 25.] Rodrecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1985. ix plus 299 pp. $54.00. Muslims and Minorities: The Populations of Ottoman Anatolia and the End of the Empire. By Justin McCarthy. New York: New York University Press, 1983. 248 pp. $35.00. The USSR and the Muslim World: Issues in Domestic and Foreign Policy. Edited by Yaacov Ro'i. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984. xv plus 298 pp. $37.50. The Syrians in Egypt: 1725‐1975. By Thomas Philipp. [Berliner Islamstudien, Band 3.] Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1985. xv plus 187 pp. Graphs, n.p. Hindu Javanese: Tengger Tradition and Islam. By Robert W. Hefner. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985. xi plus 290 pp. Photographs; Maps; Tables; Index. $36.00. The Crescent Arises over the Banyan Tree: A Study of the Muhammadiyah Movement in a Central Javanese Town. By Mitsuo Nakamura. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1983. xx plus 223 pp. Photographs; Maps; Tables; Index, n.p. Divorce in Java: A Study of the Dissolution of Marriage among Javanese Muslims. By Hisako Nakamura. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1983. xxiii plus 145 pp. Maps; Tables; Index, n.p. The Renaissance of Modern Hebrew and Modern Standard Arabic: Parallels and Differences in the Revival of Two Semitic Languages. By Joshua Blau. [Near Eastern Studies Vol. 18]. Berkeley‐Los Angeles‐London: University of California Press, 1981. vii plus 260 pp. Bibliography. Typescript paperback. $19.25. The Pen and the Faith: Eight Modern Muslim Writers and The Qur'an. By Kenneth Cragg. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1985. viii plus 181 pp. Bibliography. Index. Qur'anic passages cited. £12.95.

Muslim Minahasans with Roots in Java: The People of Kampung Jawa Tondano

In the middle of the regency of Minahasa, almost a thousand miles away from Central Java lies Kampung Jawa Tondano. Founded by a small group of Javanese Muslims exiled for political reasons by the Dutch, it has now been in existence for just over 150 years. In spite of its name, and its origins, its inhabitants do not today speak, and indeed for many years have not spoken, the Javanese language. And although its chief founder is a semi-official national hero, whose name is a household word all over Java, the community does not think of itself as Javanese. Yet it remains sharply demarcated from the surrounding society, with a strong sense of corporate identity, not Javanese but Islamic. Why, over many generations, this community was not assimilated into the larger society of Menadonese North Sulawesi, and why it lost its Javaneseness while maintaining its Islamic-ness, are the questions to which this essay is addressed.

TRADISI DAN RITUAL KEMATIAN WONG ISLAM JAWA

This paper reveals the tradition of Javanese people on handlingthe death. Javanese muslims is understood in a framework of great and little tradition and the meaning in death tradition. Those items when it is revealed and understood practically seems to have a shift. The variation in death tradition because of the distance and the evolution. There are some important highlights; first, Javanese Muslims in understanding and doing the death ritual based on a strong basic as an honour for those who alive and as a symbolic dimension with other nature. Second, Javanese Muslims know that death is a way to go back to Allah so that the everybody should be in a purified condition and still has a belief that Allah is the only one to be worshiped. The people believe that Allah is the Most Forgiving so that Muslims should pray for all the mistakes and bad deed.

Modernity and the Challenge of Pluralism: Some Indonesian Lessons

In the tradition of Western social sciences to grow a sense of " hard " about the secularization : the removal of religion from public life ; religion is only a private matter of each person ; he did not have a significant social role .The idea of ​​secularization or the desecration of the Muslim reformer Indonesia has made Islam is not synonymous with social groups - political . Islam has been freed from political conflicts to be accepted by the wider Muslim community . Categories gentry , students , and abangan , Clifford Geertz used to distinguish religious orientation among Javanese Muslims , is no longer relevant to use . Gentry and abangans now been merged into the religious culture of the students . Now taking place what is called a " santrinisasi " or " Islamization " in Indonesia . It takes place in Indonesian society is becoming increasingly modern , where the middle class is getting stronger . Islam has become the culture of the middle class . Modernity hand with Islam . In Indonesia , Islam can also accommodate the challenges of plurality , which is the other side of modernity . Islam has contributed positively to the life of the nation-state of Indonesia.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v2i4.819

The Meaning Interpreted: The Concept of Barakah in Ziarah

This article deals with the socio-religious traditions of Javanese Muslims practicing ziarah rituals-visit to sacred tombs. Ziarah practice, especially to sacred tombs of Muslim Sufis, is regarded ibadah (pious acts). This article based on ziarah practice to Sunan Tembayat in Klaten, examines the notion of barakah (god's blessing), one of the most salient aspects of ziarah ritual, in the frame of popular beliefs. Focusing on the presence of the diverse interpretations of barakah, it evaluates changes in the way in which Javanese Muslim understand religion as reflected in their interpretation of barakah. It is argued by people who practice ziarah that barakah is the most important value of ziarab. When visitors to sacred tombs perform certain rituals, such as reciting Qur'ân, dhikr, tahlil, and meditation in their ziarah, they ask for barakah from the wali. However, people differ in the way in which they explain what the meaning of barakah. Some argue that the barakah is god's reward (pahala), transmitted through the wali. Other argues that the barakah derives from the wali, as he/she is close to God.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i1.696