This thesis takes a look at the characteristics of Seowon (traditional school) through analyzing a total of 94 Tongmun that are received by 4 Seowons, namely, Sosu Seowon, Oksan Seowon, Dosan Seowon and Dodong Seowon during the Japanese colonization period. The Confucius scholar faction during the Joseon Era issued and received the Tongmun around Seowon, in a way of forcing to accept the political and social demands or building up the public opinion more advantageous to themselves. Notwithstanding the fact that the functions of Seowon were greatly weakened due to Seowon Fecheolryeong (Decree to Abolish Seowon) by Heungseon Daewon-gun, those 4 Seowons continuously received and accepted the Tongmun up to the Japanese colonialization period. Around this time, as for the place to issue Tongmun that those 4 Seowons received, there are Seodang, Danso and Hoejung and most of them are applicable to old Seowon and Sawoo. Up to this time, there are many un-restored Seowons and Sawoos, but the organization has become the focal point for the existing Confucius scholar faction. The issuance period of Tongmun also requires paying attention as well. Even for the same Japanese Colonial Period, Tongmun was intensified during 1920~1930s, and there is not many Tongmun issued between 1910s and 1939~1945. This is likely to be related to the unauthorized ruling of 1910s of the colony governing authority, so-called cultural ruling after the 1920s and the war-time system after 1939. Looking into Tongmun received by those 4 Seowons for each contents, most of them are main stream to focus on cause on disputes in the sector and defending scholarship as related to the restoration and new establishment of Wonsa, enshrining project on Hyeonjo and Yuhyeon, rewards for those who have outstanding virtuous deeds, dispute on letters and so forth. Such Tongmuns display that Seowon had been perceived as an important media in formulating the public opinion of conservative scholars notwithstanding the fact that the status and functions of Seowon have greatly advanced through the modern transition period. However, in Tongmuns during the Japanese Colonial Period, there is no case that handled the political and social issued like the Joseon Era. The Seowon Tongmun has been facilitated only for defending the traditional value perspective, the Confucious scholar group of clan unit recognizing its social position of themselves within this region, and way for acquiring such while the social structure was reformulated.