Japanese Cleft Research Articles

A Clinico-statistical Evaluation of Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate in the Japanese Cleft Palate Association

A Clinico-statistical Evaluation of Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate in the Japanese Cleft Palate Association

What we should do for the future of children-A report on the Joint Meeting of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Teratology Society and the 13th World Congress of the International Cleft Lip and Palate Foundation-CLEFT 2019.

Congenital AnomaliesVolume 59, Issue 6 p. 186-189 OVERVIEW What we should do for the future of children—A report on the Joint Meeting of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Teratology Society and the 13th World Congress of the International Cleft Lip and Palate Foundation-CLEFT 2019 Nagato Natsume, Corresponding Author Nagato Natsume natsume@dpc.agu.ac.jp orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-2284 Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan Japanese Cleft Palate Foundation, Nagoya, Japan International Cleft Lip and Palate Foundation, Nagoya, Japan Correspondence Nagato Natsume, Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan. Email: natsume@dpc.agu.ac.jpSearch for more papers by this author Nagato Natsume, Corresponding Author Nagato Natsume natsume@dpc.agu.ac.jp orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-2284 Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan Japanese Cleft Palate Foundation, Nagoya, Japan International Cleft Lip and Palate Foundation, Nagoya, Japan Correspondence Nagato Natsume, Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan. Email: natsume@dpc.agu.ac.jpSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 October 2019 https://doi.org/10.1111/cga.12355Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume59, Issue6November 2019Pages 186-189 RelatedInformation

Report on Interactive Symposium at the 41st Annual Meeting of Japanese Cleft Palate Association

Report on Interactive Symposium at the 41st Annual Meeting of Japanese Cleft Palate Association

A Dynamic Syntax modelling of Japanese and Rangi clefts: parsing incrementality and the growth of interpretation

Japanese and Rangi (a Bantu language) employ cleft constructions to encode pragmatic functions relating to discourse salience. In Japanese, a cleft is formed through the nominaliser ‘no,’ the topic marker ‘wa,’ and the copula ‘da.’ In Rangi, a cleft is formed through the copula ‘ní’ which appears before the focus. This article provides a description of clefts in these two unrelated languages; in particular, Rangi clefts have been understudied, and our description represents a first systematic treatment. The article also develops an account from the new perspective of how a cleft string is parsed left-toright in an online manner (Dynamic Syntax; Cann, R. et al. 2005. The Dynamics of Language. Elsevier). We propose that a number of seemingly idiosyncratic syntactic properties of clefts in these languages (including new data on case-marking patterns of foci in Japanese clefts and the auxiliary placement in Rangi clefts) can be accounted for by reference to left-to-right, online parsing, and the restriction on structural underspecification that is an integral part of the framework. Our account also models parallelisms and differences in Japanese and Rangi clefts in terms of parsing-dynamics.

Processing of Japanese Cleft Constructions in Context: Evidence from Event-Related Brain Potentials

Numerous studies have found "subject gap preference" in relative clauses and cleft constructions in English, French, and other languages. In contrast, previous studies have reported "object gap preference" in cleft constructions in Japanese. However, the effect of integrating a filler and its gap may be influenced by the effect of transitional probabilities, so previous studies confounded these two factors. This study explores processing asymmetries in Japanese cleft constructions by conducting an event-related brain potential experiment by controlling transitional probabilities. The results demonstrate that the subject gap preference in Japanese is well aligned with that observed in other languages, suggesting that subject gap preference is a universal aspect of language comprehension.

Multiple foci in Japanese clefts revisited: A semantic incrementality account

There are two types of Japanese clefts, depending on the presence of a case particle attached to a focus item: multiple foci are possible only in clefts with case-marked foci. Despite attention in the literature, what has been overlooked is the possibility of mixed cases with the last focus item in multiple foci lacking a case particle. Multiple foci data pose a challenge to previous studies within Mainstream Generative Grammar, and in particular these partially case-marked multiple foci data. In this article, I show that a more dynamic conception of language, reflecting semantic incrementality as a core design feature of the grammar, can unify the two types of clefts and a range of further issues, including the partially case-marked foci data. Finally, the analysis is extended to long-distance clefts.

Primary Treatment for Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate in Children in Japan

To investigate current trends in primary treatment for children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate in Japan. Nationwide, retrospective study under the direction of the Academic Survey Committee of the Japanese Cleft Palate Association based on analysis of data obtained via a booklet-style questionnaire completed by institutions providing primary treatment for cleft lip and/or palate patients. PARTICIPANTS, PATIENTS: Patients were 4349 children undergoing primary repair for cleft lip and/or palate at 107 participating institutions between 1996 and 2000. Cleft type, laterality; use of infant palatal plate; and timing and technique of primary repair for cleft lip and/or palate were evaluated by cleft surgeons at 107 participating institutions. Of a total of 2874 patients with cleft lip and palate or cleft palate only, infant palatal plates were used with 1087 (37.8%) and were not used with 1787 (62.2%). Primary unilateral lip repair was performed at the age of 2 to 6 months in more than 90% of patients. Bilateral cleft lip was treated by one-stage repair in 285 patients (44.5%) and by two-stage repair in 258 (40.2%). Primary one-stage palatal repair was performed in 2212 (76.9%) and two-stage palatal repair in 262 (9.1%) cleft palate patients. Information on treatment of the remaining 400 (14%) patients was unavailable. This investigation clarified current trends in primary treatment for cleft lip and/or palate in Japan. The results suggest the need for an increase in regional core hospitals and greater variation in treatment options.

Investigation of congenitally missing permanent teeth associated with cleft types in Japanese cleft lip and/or palate patients

"Investigation of congenitally missing permanent teeth associated with cleft types in Japanese cleft lip and/or palate patients." Orthodontic Waves, 71(1), p. 40

Syntactic Metamorphosis: Clefts, Sluicing, and In‐Situ Focus in Japanese

Abstract. In this article, we propose that three types of focus constructions in Japanese—clefts, in‐situ focus, and sluicing/stripping—share the same underlying structure and are derived by syntactic “metamorphosis” from one structure to another. After revealing similarities between cleft constructions and in‐situ focus constructions, we specifically propose that the latter underlies the former, which is derived by a focus movement followed by a heavy remnant movement. It is shown that various properties of cleft constructions follow from the syntax of in‐situ focus constructions and movement operations. Then, it is further argued that cleft constructions underlie sluicing/stripping under certain conditions. The article also touches on the so‐called clausemate condition found in multiple cleft sentences. A new set of data will be presented that poses a problem for syntactic explanations of this effect.

Sizes and depths of endotracheal tubes for cleft lip and palate children undergoing primary cheiloplasty and palatoplasty

Appropriate sizes (internal diameters) and insertion depths of uncuffed preformed endotracheal tubes in children with cleft lip and palate, who generally have delayed growth and development in early infancy have not been elucidated. The sizes and insertion depths of endotracheal tubes in patients who received primary cheiloplasty and/or palatoplasty in relation to age, height, and weight were retrospectively analyzed. Tube sizes were determined using an appropriate air leakage at an airway pressure of 15-20 cmH2O. Tube insertion depths were confirmed by auscultation of bilateral breathing sounds at several tube depths, placing the tip 1.5 cm above the carina. Obtained data sets were compared with previously published studies. The number of cases analyzed was 236 in total. The mean age, height, and weight were 327.4 +/- 199.2 days, 69.7 +/- 7.5 cm, and 8.2 +/- 1.8 kg, respectively (mean +/- SD). Neither the tube size nor tube depth in cleft lip and palate children was smaller or shorter than those of normal subjects. Discrepancies between the preformed bend and the tube insertion depth increased as the tube size increased. The current findings suggest that it is reasonable to apply the currently available standards for normal children, e.g. Motoyama's general guide, to predict the tube size and insertion depth for Japanese cleft lip and palate children, and that the use of the uncuffed preformed endotracheal tube is associated with a risk of endobronchial intubation, which appears to increase with age.

Effects of a Long-Term Volunteer Surgical Program in a Developing Country: The Case in Vietnam from 1993 to 2003

This study evaluates the activities of the Japanese Cleft Palate Foundation from 1993 to 2003 in southern Vietnam. We assessed trends associated with patient age at first operation for primary lip repair and palate repair by using medical records of the patients. This study consisted of 790 patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). The median patient age for lip repair was reduced from 14.0 years in 1993 to 1.3 years by 2003. For palate repair, the median age was reduced from 13.5 years in 1993 to 5.0 years in 1999 through 2003. The age distributions of both lip and palate repair in the later years became smaller than the age distributions in 1993. The number of adult patients declined throughout the period. The Japanese Cleft Palate Foundation contributed to lowering the age at first operation for CL/P and to reducing the number of adult patients in Ben Tre province, southern Vietnam. However, appropriate supports will be necessary to maintain CL/P treatment and to improve locally supported health care for patients with CL/P.

ベトナム社会主義共和国への口唇裂口蓋裂医療援助ならびに技術指導の経験

We had participated in the charitable operation for the patients with cleft lip and palate and technical suidance in Vietnam in 1998 for 2 weeks. The project was a part of the activities of the Japanese Cleft Palate Foundation, which were performed as part of the Official Development Assistance (ODA) of Japan, and was aided by state subsidy of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education and so on. Our team consisted of members of Tokyo Dental College, Iwate Medical University, Dalhousie University, and our university. The hospital we visited was Odonto-Maxillo-Facial Center in Ho Chi Min City, which had 7 clinical departments, 36 dental units, 60 beds in ward, and 75 doctors in total. This hospital dealt with all kinds of disease in connection with oral and maxillo-facial area including dental caries, periodontal disease, maxillo-facial injuries, and maxillo-facial anomalies. Forty-five patients with cleft lip and palate were operated on during our stay in Vietnam. The age of these patients was higher than that in medical advanced countries because of economic problems and insufficient medical institutions. In some cases, surgery was performed in collaboration with local doctors, which means technical suidance leads to more effective treatment.