Background: Past history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a serious risk factor for increased mortality and morbidity, such as CVA recurrence, after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Purpose of this study is to elucidate the independent predictors of adverse outcomes after CABG among the population with CVA history using a national database. Methods and Results: Patient data were acquired and analyzed from Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database (JCVSD) registry. 13109 patients undergoing isolated CABG between January 2008 and December 2009 were enrolled in the JCVSD registry. Of these, all the patients with CVA history were included in the analysis as study group (SG; n = 1695). Postoperative CVA occurred in 6.0% (102/1695) of SG and 2.8% (318/11414) of patients without CVA history (Control) (P<.001). Operative mortality of SG and Control were 2.9% and 1.9%, respectively (P=.008). Major morbidity and mortality of SG and control were 17.4% and 12.2%, respectively (P<.001). Multivariate analysis of SG identified five independent preoperative predictors for the CVA recurrence, eight for the operative mortality and 12 for the major morbidity and mortality. The analysis also identified two independent operative predictors for the CVA recurrence, four for the operative mortality and six for the major morbidity and mortality. The table shows the predictors of these adverse effects. Conclusions: Independent predictors of CVA recurrence, major morbidity and mortality were identified through subgroup analysis of the JCVSD registry. Patients who suffered CVA recurrence or other adverse effects had a greater prevalence of concomitant medical illnesses. In conclusion, use of internal mammary artery, off-pump CABG, otherwise shorter cardiopulmonary bypass time, shorter operation time and optimal numbers of distal anastomoses are effective in reducing the risk of CVA recurrence or other adverse effects on CABG for patients with CVA history.