Jam Factory Research Articles

РЕВІТАЛІЗАЦІЯ ЯК СУЧАСНА БРЕНД-СТРАТЕГІЯ У ТУРИЗМІ ЛЬВОВА

An important product of the interaction of factors of the socio-cultural environment is cultural tourism, which involves visiting historical and cultural monuments, museums, travel on historical routes; participation in festivals (folklore, music, film festivals, theater), exhibitions, pilgrimage tours. However, we want to consider another aspect of cultural tourism - visiting revitalization facilities on the example of the city of Lviv. In recent years, in Lviv, as in Ukraine, a trend of mass tourism is formed, which, in turn, contributes to the spread of mass culture. There is an invasion of mass culture in the elite, which is represented by cultural tourism. Today Lviv is teetering on the brink. After all, the number of tourists visiting Lviv has been constantly growing since 2010. According to statistics, in 2019 Lviv was visited by more than 2.5 million tourists. New hotels and restaurants are opening (currently 748 restaurants and cafes are registered). And, unfortunately, all these objects are concentrated in the old part of the city. The concentration of an increasing number of tourists in the historic part of the old town (Market Square and surrounding areas) is beginning to pose a threat to the preservation of architectural monuments and create significant discomfort for residents. The article analyzes the processes of revitalization of industrial facilities in Lviv, which is the center of cultural tourism in Ukraine. The experience of American and European cities, where revitalization processes began in the 50s, is taken as a basis. Renovation processes at ! FESTrepublic, the territory of the former glass factory, where festivals, parties, thematic events and performers from all over the world now take place, are considered. The jam factory in Lviv, which was a factory for the production of alcoholic beverages, is now a center of contemporary art. An interesting project is the revitalization of the old industrial zone ReZavod, which until recently was a plant of electronic medical equipment. On the site of the old tram depot, LemStation was created - a social hub, where opportunities are created for artists, representatives of creative industries to realize their ideas.

Preliminary design and sustainability study of rosella jam factory utilizing renewable solar energy

Rosella is a flower with red and purple hue, having antioxidant pigments called anthocyanins, which is promising for health improvement. It actually could be potentially developed as a health-promoting food in the form of rosella jam. As the market for rosella jam in Indonesia is not established yet, and in the advent on the development of renewable energies in the 21st century, it is a fascinating idea to design a rosella jam factory employing solar energy as one of the renewable energies in the future that might lead the sustainable food business in Indonesia. The rosella jam factory is designed to produce 40000 bottles of rosella jam (weight: 250 g) per month, sold for Rp. 25000, rendering income of Rp. 1 billion per month. It needs a one-off capital cost of Rp. 2.56 billion for production equipments and machines (not including solar panels), with monthly manufacturing cost of 624 million (included 20 kW electricity) that will reach break-even point (BEP) at 13th month. Solar panels (mainly consists of 840 solar panels, 200 Wp working for 4 hours) worth of 2.64 billion is recommended to be installed on the 19th month to avoid negative cumulative net present value (CNPV).

Present and future solutions of waste management in a candied fruit – jam factory: Optimized anaerobic digestion for on site energy production

This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of a new solution for the management of waste and wastewater in a candied fruit – jam factory. The solid waste products are presently treated via composting, while wastewaters are sent to a conventional biological treatment, after a chemical pre-treatment. This management modality involves an economic cost of 15 k€/y and a direct emission of 435 t CO2/y.Due to the high potential of this kind of waste products to generate methane under anaerobic conditions, a Waste-to-Energy solution that considers an optimized anaerobic digestion (AD) process was investigated. Digestibility tests carried out at a lab-scale demonstrated that the solid waste had an average methane specific yield of 0.276 Nm3/kgVSadded and the liquid waste, that make up the wastewater, had methane specific yields ranging from 0.250 to 0.330 Nm3/kgVSadded. Moreover, tests demonstrated that an accurate regulation of the food vs. microorganism ratio (F/M), and the addition of nitrogen and buffering resources, were compulsory for a steady development of the AD process.The whole amount of waste generated in the factory can be digested in a 320 m3 reactor coupled with a 40 kW combined heat and power unit. The AD process can produce approximately 30% of the electrical needs of the plant and supply one part of the heat necessary for the industrial processes, thus saving fossil fuels. Net CO2 emissions could decrease by approximately a half compared with the present solution.

To Octavio Paz

worldliteraturetoday.org 41 I will. He didn’t let me into paradise that day. He brought out a few issues of a magazine called Stripoteka, which collected shorter pieces or serialized graphic novels before they were published as albums. God, they smelled so old. Amazing. Let me say it again: amazing and old and smelly. Either he had never opened them or, if he did, he must have ironed the pages after reading them and put them back in their predestined place. I told Armin all about it, but next time I went to see Sejo, the following morning, I didn’t bring Armin with me. Sejo let me sit in that small room in which not an inch of wall was visible. I was spinning in my mind like in The Sound of Music. Freedom of closed spaces. Talk about slow-motion mind-set, experiencing the world like a fly, like Neo (though The Matrix wasn’t even a sperm, I mean a germ, in the Wachowskis’ minds). Sejo’s wife even made me a turkey sandwich with ajvar. It was too spicy, the ajvar. The next time I remembered to bring her a box of raspberries, which my family grew and sold to the Vitaminka jam factory. She was the kind of woman who talked a lot about eating healthy, organic food, and now that I think of it, she must have been my first vegetarian friend. I’d never seen her eat meat. I had to eat my sandwich in the kitchen and then wash my hands, not to destroy the comics with my fatty fingers. Did I do everything to make Armin jealous? You bet. The way I painted it to him, forget about the houris they say are reserved for martyrs in the Muslim afterlife. Those untouched comics were worth getting killed by the soldiers. One week later, when I’d proved myself worthy, Sejo let me bring over Armin too, and later he even started lending us books, but mostly because he didn’t want us coming in every day and passing those checkpoints. We told him the soldiers were starting to get suspicious, especially on the days we forgot to bring cheese or flour or whatever else we pretended to be selling in the city. So he let us take dozens at a time, and we were not supposed to return for more until at least five days had passed. That was painful. We finished them in a day and reread and reread, and then we spent four days worrying that, since the war was escalating, at that rate we’d never make it through the rest of the books before we died. At first, Sejo lent us the books we didn’t even want to read, but it was important for him that we followed the chronology, not of the different series, but of the publication. So we To Octavio Paz by Yau Ching We contemplate one another when we interact. But eagles, snakes, bears, lizards never ponder over us. This is the difference between genders and colors: but the cultured sun loves every shade, sees no difference in colors. Animals and humans are alike; only we are sexual. It’s desire, and the extension of it, that bends and expands, that builds a home a party a nation and capital. Between new capitalism and fake communism, poetry fashions a real republic. Empty: hundreds upon hundreds, thousands of young see a nation but not a homeland. Between staying and leaving, the imprint of trees and the shallow wind, the sun leaves no shadows, no colors. Only poetry remembers there once were people. Translation from the Chinese By Tammy Ho Lai-Ming Yau Ching is associate professor in the Department of Cultural Studies at Hong Kong Lingnan University. She received a PhD in media arts from the University of London. Her bilingual poetry collection, The Impossible Home, won the Chinese Literary Biennial Award. Tammy Ho Lai-Ming is founding co-editor of Cha: An Asian Literary Journal and assistant professor of literature at Hong Kong Baptist University. ...

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Sensory Jam

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Ralph Mills-Tettey and Korantema Adi-Dako, eds. Visions of the City: Accra in the 21st Century. Accra: Woeli Publishing Services, 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford, OX1HU, UK. 157 pp. Photographs. Maps. Bibliography. $24.95. Paper. - Deborah Pellow. Landlords and Lodgers: Socio-Spatial Organization in an Accra Community. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 2002.

Ralph Mills-Tettey and Korantema Adi-Dako, eds. Visions of the City: Accra in the 21st Century. Accra: Woeli Publishing Services, 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford, OX1HU, UK. 157 pp. Photographs. Maps. Bibliography. $24.95. Paper. - Deborah Pellow. Landlords and Lodgers: Socio-Spatial Organization in an Accra Community. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 2002. xviii + 261 pp. Illustrations. Bibliography. Index. $67.95. Cloth. - Volume 48 Issue 3

David Harold-Barry, ed. Zimbabwe: The Past Is the Future. Harare: Weaver Press Ltd. 2004. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St. Oxford OX1 1HU. xv + 274 pp. Notes. Chronology. $29.95. Paper.

David Harold-Barry, ed. Zimbabwe: The Past Is the Future. Harare: Weaver Press Ltd. 2004. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St. Oxford OX1 1HU. xv + 274 pp. Notes. Chronology. $29.95. Paper. - Volume 48 Issue 3

Terence Ranger. The Historical Dimensions of Democracy and Human Rights in Zimbabwe. Volume 2: Nationalism, Democracy and Human Rights. Harare: University of Zimbabwe Press, 2003. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford OX1 1HU. 196 pp. Select Bibliography. Index. $29.95. Paper.

Terence Ranger. The Historical Dimensions of Democracy and Human Rights in Zimbabwe. Volume 2: Nationalism, Democracy and Human Rights. Harare: University of Zimbabwe Press, 2003. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford OX1 1HU. 196 pp. Select Bibliography. Index. $29.95. Paper.

Manfred O. Hinz, Sam K. Amoo, and Dawid van Wyk, eds. The Constitution at Work: Ten Years of Namibian Nationhood. [Pretoria]: University of South Africa, VerLoren van Themaat Centre for Public Law, [2002]. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. 393 pp. Notes. $43.95. Paper. - Henning Melber, ed. Reexamining Liberation

Manfred O. Hinz, Sam K. Amoo, and Dawid van Wyk, eds. The Constitution at Work: Ten Years of Namibian Nationhood. [Pretoria]: University of South Africa, VerLoren van Themaat Centre for Public Law, [2002]. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. 393 pp. Notes. $43.95. Paper. - Henning Melber, ed. Reexamining Liberation in Namibia: Political Culture since Independence. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2003. Distributed by Transaction Publishers. 149 pp. Notes. Bibliography. $24.95. Paper. - Volume 48 Issue 2

Felix Chami, Gilbert Pwiti, and Chantal Radimilahy, eds. Climate Change, Trade and Modes of Production in Sub-Saharan Africa. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press, 2003. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford OX1 1HU. xiii + 197 pp. Maps. Photographs. Index. $35.95. Paper.

Felix Chami, Gilbert Pwiti, and Chantal Radimilahy, eds. Climate Change, Trade and Modes of Production in Sub-Saharan Africa. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press, 2003. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford OX1 1HU. xiii + 197 pp. Maps. Photographs. Index. $35.95. Paper. - Volume 48 Issue 1

Felix Chami and Gilbert Pwiti, eds. Southern Africa and the Swahili World. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press Ltd., 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford OX1 1HU. vi + 138 pp. Photographs. Bibliography. Index. $29.95. Paper.

Felix Chami and Gilbert Pwiti, eds. Southern Africa and the Swahili World. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press Ltd., 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford OX1 1HU. vi + 138 pp. Photographs. Bibliography. Index. $29.95. Paper. - Volume 48 Issue 1

Perceptions of archaeology amongst primary school aged children, Adelaide, South Australia

A public archaeology programme was initiated at the Fern Avenue site (an early nineteenth century Adelaide jam factory) as an integral part of the archaeological investigations conducted between March 2000 and November 2000. One component of the public archaeology programme was an archaeological education programme for primary and early secondary aged school children. The primary school component of the programme provided 583 inner-city primary aged school children (aged between 7 and 11) with a classroom introduction to archaeology followed by practical on-site experience. This paper focuses on the outcomes of the primary school class-based teaching. Analysis of the children’s written schoolroom answers has enabled a basic evaluation of the students’ overarching perceptions relating to Australian archaeology.In general, this study suggested that the primary aged school children involved in the programme understood that archaeology involved ‘investigating the past’ and ‘excavation’. However, comprehension beyond these fundamentals was limited – especially in terms of more specific knowledge, such as an understanding that Australian archaeology comprised the major disciplines Aboriginal, historical or maritime. Although the children’s initial understanding of archaeology was limited, it held a high level of appeal. The base interest generated by archaeology was used to teach the fundamentals, whilst the site visit compounded and enhanced most of the students’ awareness of the discipline, creating a memorable experience for all involved.

Debie LeBeau and Robert J. Gordon, eds. Challenges for Anthropology in the “African Renaissance”: A Southern African Contribution. Windhoek: University of Namibia Press, 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. xiv + 306 pp. Maps. Figures. £23.95/$39.95. Paper.

Debie LeBeau and Robert J. Gordon, eds. Challenges for Anthropology in the “African Renaissance”: A Southern African Contribution. Windhoek: University of Namibia Press, 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. xiv + 306 pp. Maps. Figures. £23.95/$39.95. Paper.

The Women's Movement in Uganda: History, Challenges and Prospects

Aili Mari Tripp and Joy C. Kwesiga, eds. The Women's Movement in Uganda: History, Challenges and Prospects. Kampala: Fountain Publishers Ltd., 2002. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU UK. xiii + 235 pp. Photographs. Bibliographies. Appendixes. Index. $27.95. Paper. In its thirteen thematic chapters, this book discusses the challenges and successes of the women's movement in Uganda. Most of the authors are Ugandan women scholars who draw on their own extensive research and on literature not available outside of the country to analyze the impact of the movement in various spheres. The work serves as an excellent contribution to the literature on African women, providing readers with a new and exciting body of information regarding women in Uganda today, both rural and urban. The individual authors examine the roles of various women's organizations and their impact on the themes under discussion. At the same time, they successfully balance the often opposing themes of Ugandan women as victims and as active agents of change. The first two chapters provide an overview and history of women's activism throughout Uganda, the variety of organizational structures, and women's efforts to overcome archaic and patriarchal practices as they make their voices heard from the household to the national level. Chapters 3-11 then focus on specific areas in which the women's movement has played a powerful role in advocating for change: education, health care, women with disabilities, the economy, agriculture, conflict resolution, land issues, religious institutions, the media, and literature. Perhaps the most dynamic chapters are the three that address themselves to economic empowerment, agricultural production, and efforts to guarantee women's ownership of land. The final chapter of the book is a very helpful summary of research on women in Uganda compiled by Margaret Snyder. all chapters conclude with excellent bibliographies that will be useful for historical and contemporary research alike. This volume does not an attempt to be comprehensive, but the editors are to be commended for selecting topics that are relevant not only to the situation of women in Uganda in the twenty-first century but also the situation of women throughout the continent. The book would be highly appropriate for courses on current African issues, on women in international development, or on the history and status of women in Africa generally. …

Gender and Education in Tanzanian Schools

EDUCATION S. J. Bendera and M. W. Mboya, eds. Gender and Education in Tanzanian Schools. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press, 1998. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford, OX1 IHU, UK. ix + 153 pp. Tables. Bibliography. $14.95. Paper. Amy Stambach. Lessons from Kilimanjaro: Schooling, Community, and Gender in East Africa. New York: Routledge, 2000. xv + 206 pp. Illustrations. Photographs. References. Index. $19.99. Paper. These two books make an excellent pair. In different ways, each deals with central tensions between tradition and modernity, between continuity and change, and between the and the Taken together, they offer compelling portraits of the intersection of gender and education in Tanzania. Gender and Education in Tanzania Schools includes chapters written individually and collectively by members of the Women in Education Development Group (WED). It takes an open and deliberate approach to the topic of gender and education at both primary and secondary levels. The authors are explicit about how life-course processes, such as initiation into womanhood, shape girls' experiences at home and in the community, translating into lower performance in primary school and consequendy into circumscribed opportunities for secondary education. In addition, the authors address forthrightly the issue of violence in schools by examining corporal punishment and other repressive forms of discipline regularly imposed on school-age children and youths. They urge that instruction in human rights, as prescribed by the United Nations, be made mandatory. At the same time, they advocate greater participation by women in science, engineering, and vocational fields. Bendera, Mboya et al. frame the discussion in terms of the state. Tanzania is one of the few countries in sub-Saharan Africa to have achieved near gender equity in primary schools. The abolition of primary school fees in 1973 removed that impediment to schooling, and Education Act no. 25 of 1978 made enrollment and attendance of boys and girls in primary school compulsory. all villages in Tanzania have at least one primary school, and girls make up 49.3 percent of the student population. In many respects Tanzania defies the claim that girls are disadvantaged in terms of education in sub-Saharan Africa. However, as the authors argue, girls and boys have a high level of overage enrollment that is directly tied to cultural norms and practices. Problems are due not simply to age, size, and maturity of pupils, but also to physical, practical, and attitudinal problems surrounding the onset of puberty. Although parental attitudes toward education may not be negative, when difficult choices have to be made, it is girls' education that is sacrificed first. Furthermore, factors such as family poverty, the need for children's labor on farms and in fields, schoolgirl pregnancy, mandatory student participation in a variety of nonacademic tasks (such as raising funds for the school), distance to school, lack of safety for girls in school, and the perennial responsibility of girls for gender-specific tasks such as food preparation and other household chores compound the problems girls face in attaining education. These problems must be understood in light of the wider sociocultural context in which schooling takes place, as well as in light of the structure and environment of Tanzania's educational system. A rich array of statistical tables supports these points and illustrates patterns found across the country. The tables also provide important data on boys' and girls' own perspectives on their education and their patterns of subject selection. These data illuminate the ways in which gender informs-or fails to inform-policy formation at the national level. Amy Stambach, for her part, shifts attention from the state to the local level, bringing us intimately into the world of the Chagga of Machame, Kilimanjaro, in her descriptively rich and analytically enticing book, Lessons from Kilimanjaro: Schooling, Community, and Gender in East Africa. …

Constitutionalism in Africa: Creating Opportunities, Facing Challenges

LAW Joe Oloka-Onyango. Constitutionalism in Africa: Creating Opportunities, Facing Challenges. Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2001. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford OXl 1HU. xi + 345 pp. Index. $41.95. Paper. The growing interest in African law is long overdue. Political scientists, for most part, abandoned law in 1970s when military coups rendered study of law seemingly irrelevant. With a new spurt of constitution writing, we should expect more scholarly output on this topic in future. This volume of eighteen papers, edited by Joe Oloka-Onyango, former dean of Faculty of Law at Makerere University, has its origins in a 1998 conference held in Uganda. Readers will benefit most from chapters on gender and contemporary constitution writing. Unfortunately, earlier sections of book, Challenges, New Opportunities and Ethnicity, Identity and Role of Civil Society, suffer from a degree of vagueness that limits their usefulness. The central weakness is an apparent unwillingness to define constitutionalism. This is not a call for a common definition to be carried throughout volume. Rather, in view of diverse backgrounds of authors, attempting to wrestle with this murky concept could have served as a focal point for discussing meanings of constitutionalism in African context, how those meanings relate to specificities of African politics and society, and why constitutionalism might take a different path in Africa from one has taken elsewhere. As is, links between particular qualities of African politics, such as ethnicity, and constitutionalism, are not always clear. There is also a ten- .;' dency to equate paper constitutions with constitutionalism. I was particularly intrigued by inclusion of Rwanda in two of chapters on ethnicity. Does ethnicity make constitutionalism in places like postgenocidal Rwanda unlikely, or is constitutionalism an instrument for preventing ethnic conflict? It is not clear whether even makes sense to talk about constitutionalism in Rwanda. Kamatali does, however, talk briefly about consequences of indirect rule on Rwandans' attitudes toward law. He suggests that ability of traditional authorities to resist legal orders of colonial officers left impression that the law was not obligatory and enforceable by itself. Rather, depended on attitude of authority who... enforced it (112-13). I am hoping that he has written more expansively on this elsewhere because what people think about law matters immensely. …

Matthew Schoffeleers. In Search of Truth and Justice: Confrontations between Church and State in Malawi, 1960–1994. Blantyre: Christian Literature Association in Malawi, 1999. Distributed by African Books Collective, Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. 383 pp. Bibliography. Index. $34.95. Paper. - David S. Bone, ed. Malawi's Muslims: Historical Perspectives. Blantyre: Christian Literature Association in Malawi,

Matthew Schoffeleers. In Search of Truth and Justice: Confrontations between Church and State in Malawi, 1960–1994. Blantyre: Christian Literature Association in Malawi, 1999. Distributed by African Books Collective, Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. 383 pp. Bibliography. Index. $34.95. Paper. - David S. Bone, ed. Malawi's Muslims: Historical Perspectives. Blantyre: Christian Literature Association in Malawi, 2000. Distributed by African Books Collective, Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. 220 pp. Bibliography. Index. $16.95. Paper. - Volume 45 Issue 1

Brian Raftopoulos and Tsuneo Yoshikuni, eds. Sites of Struggle: Essays in Zimbabwe's Urban History. Harare: Weaver Press, 1999. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. viii + 280 pp. Select Bibliography. US $24.95. Paper.

Brian Raftopoulos and Tsuneo Yoshikuni, eds. Sites of Struggle: Essays in Zimbabwe's Urban History. Harare: Weaver Press, 1999. Distributed by African Books Collective Ltd., The Jam Factory, 27 Park End St., Oxford 0X1 1HU. viii + 280 pp. Select Bibliography. US $24.95. Paper.

How to be a Kenyan by WAHOME MUTAHI. Nairobi, Kenway Publications, 1996. Pp. 99, Pbk. £3.95, exclusively distributed by the African Books Collective, The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford OX1 1HU.

How to be a Kenyan by WAHOME MUTAHI. Nairobi, Kenway Publications, 1996. Pp. 99, Pbk. £3.95, exclusively distributed by the African Books Collective, The Jam Factory, 27 Park End Street, Oxford OX1 1HU. - Volume 36 Issue 4