Objective To develop and evaluate an questionnaire to identify nurses′ knowledge-attitude-practice of perioperative stress hyperglycemia. Methods Through literature review, experts consultation and a small sample test, a draft of questionnaire was made. A total of 298 nurses from Surgical Department, a level three class A comprehensive hospital of Jiangsu province were investigated.The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested with Cronbach′s α coefficient, split-half coefficient, test-retest correlation coefficient, content validity index(CVI) and factor analysis. Results The questionnaire had 34 items of 3 dimensions. The item-level CVI(I-CVI) of each item ranged from 0.8 to 1.0, and the scale-level CVI(S-CVI) for the questionnaire was 0.82. The total Cronbach′s α coefficient, split-half coefficient and test-retest correlation coefficient of the scale were 0.82, 0.786, 0.943, respectively. Factor analysis resulted in a 11-factor solution for the questionnaire. The cumulative contributing rate of the 11 factors was 60.728%. Conclusions The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, which can be used as a valid tool for evaluating nurses′ knowledge-attitude-practice of perioperative stress hyperglycemia. Key words: Nurses; Perioperative period; Stress hyperglycemia; Knowledge-attitude-practice; Questionnaire; Reliability; Validity