Information Technology Research Articles

Cybersecurity Challenges in Net Energy Metering: Legal Frameworks and Practical Solutions

Net Energy Metering (NEM) has emerged as a key factor in Modern Energy Management, empowering consumers to produce their own electricity and return Net Excess Generation (NEG) to the grid. However, the increased usage of NEM has introduced significant network security challenges. As millions of electronic devices are interconnected through communication networks across critical power facilities cybersecurity has become a concerning factor, directly affecting the reliability of such extensive infrastructure. This paper gives an insight into the rising cyber offences associated with NEM systems, stipulates the legal framework, e-governance, and liabilities under the Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000. Categorization of potential cyber threats like Access control, database security and encryption, intrusion detection, malicious software, operating system vulnerabilities and security, application security has been highlighted. Evaluation of Time of Day (ToD) pricing mechanism focusing on real time monitoring and energy efficiency during peak and off-peak consumption. Incorporating Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and other cybersecurity measures to safeguard the integrity and reliability of NEM systems. The paper illustrates the impact of cybercrimes on NEM, by exploring existing applications and case studies. It underscores the necessity of implementing robust cybersecurity practices to protect these systems. The objective of the paper is to raise awareness about the cybersecurity challenges encountered in NEM systems and to propose practical solutions to mitigate these risks, ensuring a safe and regulated environment for the functioning of smart grids in a progressively growing digital world.

Rethinking and redesigning storage, packaging and distribution practices for food supply chain

PurposeThe study aims to add to the existing literature on food supply chains by specifically taking into the redesigning of the alignment of storage, packaging and distribution practices in the modern complex supply chain. The redesign of the food supply chain’s storage, distribution and packaging is a transformative endeavor ultimately aimed at enhancing efficiency, sustainability and reliability.Design/methodology/approachIn order to identify, classify and prioritize the main challenges, this study conducted an extensive analysis of the literature and experts’ opinions in the areas of academia, information technology and the food supply chain (FSC) using combined compromise solution method (CoCoSo) and complex proportional assessment (COPRAS).FindingsThe top three classes of key indicators revealed in this study are dynamic route optimization and on-demand delivery pods (RD4), implementation of active packaging with nanotechnology (RP3) and collaborative last-mile (RD2). The findings reveal that dynamic route optimization and on-demand delivery pods (RD4) and collaborative last-mile (RD2) are maintaining a balance between collaborative delivery networks through route optimization which is a very discussable theme in recent literature.Originality/valueThe research provides fresh insights into how perishable food shelf life parameters and the use of distribution networks within the short supply chain can be taken into consideration when redesigning the storage, packaging and distribution system for food supply chains.

CLOUD ACCOUNTING AND INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL: A CATALYST FOR SMES PERFORMANCE

This research aims to enhance information technology through the use of cloud accounting. Cloud accounting is believed to revolutionize the way business and society operate. Given its potential to enhance organizational performance, this study examines the role of intellectual capital, specifically structural capital, human capital, and relational capital, in mediating the relationship between cloud accounting adoption and SME performance. The population of this study includes SMEs in Klaten Regency. A quantitative research method was employed using primary data collected through purposive sampling. The sample was limited to SMEs that have implemented cloud accounting. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using PLS 4.0 was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that cloud accounting has a positive influence on structural, human, and relational capital. Moreover, these three forms of intellectual capital positively impact SMEs performance. Additionally structural capital, human capital, and relational capital can mediate the relationship between cloud accounting and SMEs performance. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing insights for SMEs and policymakers regarding the significance of investing in information technology and developing structural, human, and relational capital.

Agricultural trade deficit and its impact on Nepalese economy: A comprehensive review

International trade is essential for a country’s economic development and modernization, driven by the dynamics of imports and exports. This review comprehensively examines Nepal’s trade deficit and its impact on the national economy. Nepal’s trade landscape is characterized by a significant imbalance, with imports consistently surpassing exports, as evidenced by an import-to-export ratio of 10.26 in the fiscal year 2022/23. This trade deficit has profound implications for national income, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, inflation rates, and foreign exchange reserves. This review identifies key factors contributing to the trade deficit, including geographical constraints, limited export diversification, heavy reliance on imports, infrastructural deficiencies, insufficient promotion and advertisement, political instability, low productivity, and dependency on remittances. This study underscores the critical need for export diversification as a strategy for mitigating trade deficits. Developing sectors with high potential such as tourism, information technology, hydropower, and organic farming are essential. Additionally, improving the quality and value addition of exported goods, expanding market access through proactive trade diplomacy, and supporting small and medium enterprises are highlighted as necessary measures. This study also emphasizes the importance of substantial investments in infrastructure, education, and skill development to enhance productivity and competitiveness. Promoting a national brand and leveraging digital marketing platforms can boost Nepal’s export profile. Sound monetary policies and a stable economic environment are crucial for addressing the adverse effects of exchange rate volatility and inflation. Political stability and a conducive business environment are vital to fostering long-term economic growth. The effective utilization of remittances through productive investments and reducing dependency on external aid are pivotal for achieving sustainable development. Through coordinated efforts across various sectors, Nepal can work towards reducing its trade deficit, enhancing economic stability, and achieving sustainable economic growth.

Multiple feature selection based on an optimization strategy for causal analysis of health data

Abstract Purpose Recent advancements in information technology and wearable devices have revolutionized healthcare through health data analysis. Identifying significant relationships in complex health data enhances healthcare and public health strategies. In health analytics, causal graphs are important for investigating the relationships among health features. However, they face challenges owing to the large number of features, complexity, and computational demands. Feature selection methods are useful for addressing these challenges. In this paper, we present a framework for multiple feature selection based on an optimization strategy for causal analysis of health data. Methods We select multiple health features based on an optimization strategy. First, we define a Weighted Total Score (WTS) index to assess the feature importance after the combination of different feature selection methods. To explore an optimal set of weights for each method, we design a multiple feature selection algorithm integrated with the greedy algorithm. The features are then ranked according to their WTS, enabling selection of the most important ones. After that, causal graphs are constructed based on the selected features, and the statistical significance of the paths is assessed. Furthermore, evaluation experiments are conducted on an experiment dataset collected for this study and an open dataset for diabetes. Results The results demonstrate that our approach outperforms baseline models by reducing the number of features while improving model performance. Moreover, the statistical significance of the relationships between features uncovered through causal graphs is validated for both datasets. Conclusion By using the proposed framework for multiple feature selection based on an optimization strategy for causal analysis, the number of features is reduced and the causal relationships are uncovered and validated.

Abstract 4137708: Implementation of a Standard Hydration Protocol Improves Compliance of Pre-procedural Hydration, Reducing the Incidence of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI) After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

Introduction: Intravenous hydration and contrast media volume reduction are the most important preventive factors against CI-AKI after PCI. Multiple studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of intravenous hydration before PCI, however, varied hydration protocols have rather complicated standardization. Doctors’ preferences and local institutional factors further hinder protocol implementation, resulting in reduced compliance. Hypothesis: Standardizing hydration protocol increases the compliance rate of preprocedural hydration orders and administration, reducing the incidence of CI-AKI. Methods: A team at Memorial Hermann The Woodlands Medical Center, comprising a cardiovascular nurse coordinator, catheterization laboratory director, pharmacist, information technologist, and hospital administrators, was formed to improve PCI outcomes through a multi-faceted approach. This involved a standardized hydration protocol with direct education, continuous monitoring, and repeated internal feedback, reviewed monthly. The new protocol included normal saline pre- and post-procedure maintenance fluids, with a 250 ml normal saline bolus pre-operatively. Maintenance fluids were set at 75 ml/hr, and 20 ml/hr for patients with congestive heart failure and an ejection fraction ≤ 40%. The team reviewed 233 patients under the old protocol and 281 under the new protocol. Compliance rates of pre-procedural intravenous hydration were compared and CI-AKI incidence, defined as a >50% increase or a 0.3 mg/dL increase in creatinine levels within 5 days post-procedure, was assessed. Chi square tests and t-tests were used to compare cohorts on 12 parameters and CI-AKI incidence assessment, with a p-value of 0.05. Results: Compliance with pre-procedural hydration significantly increased under the new protocol (86.1% vs 55.4%, p<0.05). CI-AKI incidence was lower in the new protocol group (7.5% vs 9.9%, p=0.33). Although statistically insignificant in this preliminary analysis, the results were still promising due to a relative CI-AKI reduction of 24.3%. A sample size of 352 patients per group is needed to achieve a power of 0.8. Conclusion: The new standardized hydration protocol, coupled with education, increased compliance with pre-procedural hydration and showed a promising trend towards reducing CI-AKI among PCI patients. The final report will be presented upon study completion.

Cloud Computing Practices among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs); Contemporary Trends, Possibilities, and Challenges

The study focused on Cloud Computing practices among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), the Contemporary trends, Possibilities, and Challenges. The objectives were to review the history behind cloud computing in relation to SMEs in Ghana, to examine factors that impact the adoption of cloud computing by SMEs in Ghana that tend to affect their performance, to analyze the impact of cloud computing migration strategy on cloud computing adoption, to evaluate the merits and demerits of cloud computing adoption, and to analyze the security involved in using cloud computing. The study employed a descriptive research design to describe the variables of interest, and information. This study found that cloud computing has a favorable impact on SMEs by reducing their operating costs, thereby increasing their margins. It also revealed that despite the many advantages of cloud computing, demerits such as security and privacy, lack of skills, expertise, and resources, and limited flexibility and control contribute to the low rate of cloud service adoption in Ghana. It is recommended that cloud services must be developed to integrate seamlessly with the existing Information Technology (IT) systems prevalent in the SME industry, and cloud service providers provide adequate migration training for SMEs as part of the adoption process. It also emphasizes the need for future cloud technology research to review new cloud services and practices that SMEs can adopt to gain a competitive advantage in the market.

The Development of the Archerys Instructional Design Model Arcs-Motivational-Based in Efforts to Reduce Academic Dishonesty in Higher Education

Cheating rate academic becomes problems that arise in various world campus. Lots of research disclose has occur enhancement level fraud academic. Enhancement dishonesty that precisely the more tall when use technology information and communication the more extends. Dishonesty academic in college tall is problem bad affect institution learning in many countries around the world. There are many possible explanations and theories explain how dishonesty academic the more difficult dammed. Device increasingly technology advanced open encouraging opportunity happening fraud academic. Effort resolve academic dishonesty too many offered , however still little to talk about about effort prevention through design model design instructional , learning processes and forms evaluation. The aim of this study is to develop design models instructional latest for resolve dishonesty academic in learning. This model rooted in ARCS-Motivational with name Archery’s Instructional Design Model developed through integration of morals and ethics in every step learning use technique evaluation extenics. Results of the development of the design model instructional this stated Validand effective to increase motivation study as well as reduce dishonesty academic levels. Deeper and broader testing will have more convincing that this model instructional design will develop through research continued in the future.

CAUSAL FACTORS IN RFID TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION INFLUENCING BUSINESS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY THROUGH LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT PROCESS A CASE STUDY OF FROZEN FOOD INDUSTRY IN THAILAND

The objective of this research was to study the impact on supply chain efficiency. RFID technology utilization was an independent variable. Logistics management was an intermediary variable, while supply chain management efficiency was the dependent variable. Samples consisted of 315 medium- and large-sized IT executives or professionals in the frozen food industry selected by objective stratified sampling. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), which applied model structure in hypothetical models testing. Results indicated that the model was proportional where all the regression assumptions were accepted with p value < 0.05. The results of the consistency and harmony checked were consistent with the empirical data and the subcomponents of the structural model, with the value /df. = 2.516, GFI = 0.942, AGFI = 0.899, RMR = 0.60, RMSEA = 0.69, NFI = 0.975, CFI = 0.984 (p-value < 0.01). It was found that RFID technology utilization had no direct impact on the efficiency of supply chain however, indirect effects were also shown in logistics management. It was stated that RFID technology should be utilized in the organizations with proper logistics management.

Data Integration of Health Financing Systems as a Critical Enabler for Objective-Oriented Health System Reform: A Scoping Review from India

ABSTRACT Health financing fragmentation poses a challenge to reforms intended to address system-wide objectives vis-à-vis universal health coverage (UHC). India’s experience with publicly subsidized health insurance schemes (PSHIs), such as Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) and its state adaptations, testify to the challenges inherent in effecting objective-oriented health systems reforms, particularly owing to wide variation in programmatic and operational design. Recent efforts to defragment PSHIs under the aegis of a new government initiative called Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) using, inter alia, a unified information and communication technology (ICT) interface provide important policy lessons. This paper presents a theory of change for the role that ICT systems can play in promoting the objectives of UHC and highlights the early effects of ICT reforms in India on UHC. Holistic and defragmented ICT systems have a positive effect on the processes and operations of government health programs, according to the literature reviewed. Streamlined ICT systems promote equity through the introduction of portability modules, which increase access to services and facilitate stronger transparency and accountability measures by using big data and machine learning for fraud detection. Although reliability issues persist on certain fronts, India’s experience with homegrown, incremental reforms to defragment ICT systems for health financing have proven of paramount importance for progressing toward UHC.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ONLINE REGISTRATION SYSTEM ON PATIENT SATISFACTION AT RATU AJI PUTRI BOTUNG HOSPITAL, PENAJAM PASER UTARA REGENCY

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the online registration system on patient satisfaction at Ratu Aji Putri Botung Hospital, Penajam Paser Utara Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were patients of Ratu Aji Putri Botung Hospital and a sample of 83 people was taken as respondents. The data collection method used a questionnaire. The testing technique uses validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test and Regression Analysis test in which there are t test results, and the coefficient of determination. Based on the results of the t test regression analysis, it shows that the tcount value on the Online Registration System variable (X) on Patient Satisfaction (Y) is 5.775 and the significance value is 0.000. Then the significance value of 0.000 <0.05, while the comparison between tcount and ttable is 5.775> 1.989. This shows that the level of significance is smaller and also the comparison between tcount is greater than ttabel and is positive, it can be concluded that the Online Registration System (X) has a positive and significant effect on Patient Satisfaction (Y). The results showed that the utilization of information and communication technology applied to this Online Registration System will create an organized system and avoid the accumulation of more patients to come repeatedly to the service place, but customers only come according to the days and hours obtained from the Online Registration System website patients at a service place, so that the online registration system will increase patient satisfaction at Ratu Aji Putri Botung Hospital.

Navigating the Pandemic Through Technology: Colombian NGOs Promoting Peace During the COVID-19 Era

This article examines how Colombian NGOs use Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for peacebuilding attempts amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing from 17 interviews with NGO members, the study underscores the pivotal role of digital peacebuilding in sustaining and expanding peace attempts, effective data management, and a broader engagement of target groups beyond in-person activities often associated with safety and financial concerns. The findings also identify prevailing challenges of incorporating ICTs in NGO's peacebuilding activities, ranging from privacy-related concerns to connectivity issues. The article points out the potential for NGOs to enhance interactivity, knowledge transfer, and diversity in their activities with ICTs, including IT security training and awareness campaigns on hate speech and propaganda. It also emphasizes the importance of developing risk reduction strategies tailored to the specific needs of different target groups.

TRANSFORMATION OF ISLAMIC PHILANTHROPY BY THE IDRISIYYAH TARIQA IN THE DIGITAL ERA

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em>This article explores the transformational role of the Tarekat Idrisiyyah in the practice of Islamic philanthropy in the digital era through the Agen Care initiative. By utilizing information and communication technology, Agen Care has succeeded in increasing the efficiency of donation management, expanding the reach of social programs to remote areas, and increasing public awareness of the importance of social piety. Programs such as waqf, direct cash assistance, house renovation, education and health implemented by Care Agents have had a significant positive impact on the community. However, several technical and sustainability challenges are still faced. Implementation of these new strategies opens up opportunities to strengthen the role of the Idrisiyyah Tarekat as a relevant and effective agent of social change in the digital era. This article highlights how technology can strengthen and expand charitable activities, fulfill religious obligations, and contribute to creating a more prosperous and socially just society.</em></p><p> </p><p> </p>

Strategic Planning for the Management of Educational Institutions: Sistematic Review

This study aimed to analyze the trends and approaches of strategic planning in the management of educational institutions based on a systematic review of the literature of the last five years. Through a comprehensive analysis of 10 studies, the main challenges and opportunities in the implementation of strategic planning in the educational field were identified. The results of the review reveal the importance of strategic planning as a tool to improve educational quality, optimize resources and respond to the demands of an increasingly complex educational environment. However, recurring challenges are identified, such as lack of staff training, resistance to change and scarcity of resources. The active participation of the entire educational community, the adaptation of strategic plans to the particularities of each context and continuous evaluation are key elements for the success of strategic planning. Furthermore, the study highlights the need to strengthen transformational leadership and take advantage of the opportunities offered by information and communication technologies. In conclusion, strategic planning emerges as a fundamental tool to improve educational quality, but its effective implementation requires a comprehensive approach that considers the particularities of each context and the active participation of all the actors involved. Future research is recommended that delve into aspects such as evaluation, educational innovation and the impact of digital transformation on strategic planning.

ICT USAGE IN TESL EDUCATION: INSIGHTS AND OBSTACLES FACED BY TEACHER-TRAINEES IN KOTA KINABALU

This study explores the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in English language learning among TESL teacher-trainees in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. Since English is a compulsory subject in Malaysian education, the government has been placing increasing focus on ICT use to improve language learning. In the past two decades, much has changed in policy and practice to create more positive perceptions of ICT as a possible solution; but while these shifts may now make sense on paper, several obstacles remain for making changes effectively simply by introducing yet another new technology. The main objectives are to find out TESL teacher-trainees’ perception towards usage of ICT in classroom and obstacles in using ICT faced by TESL teacher-trainees in classroom. Shortage of technological infrastructure, technology access, and trained teachers on the usage of ICT are some challenges. In addition, different perceptions among teacher-trainees indicate issues such as low self-confidence in ICT usage. This paper uses a mixed-methods approach, using both quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews to capture the trainee experience. Using a purposive sample of 88 TESL trainees, primarily practicum participants in Sabah, this study employed a mixed-methods approach with quantitative questionnaires and qualitative semi-structured interviews. Fifteen trainees were selected for interviews to provide in-depth insights. The significant finding concludes a strong and positive correlation between teacher perception towards ICT usage in the classroom. Nevertheless, lack of resources, and training may hinder the effectiveness of the ICT. The knowledge gained will help to direct policy and curriculum development-informed teacher training aimed at increasing the use of ICT in English instruction.

Learning Languages in the 21st Century: the Digital and Ai Transformation

The article deals with the problem of the learning languages in the 21st century: the digital and AI transformation. The aim of this article is to explore and clarify the transformative impact of digital technologies on foreign language teaching. This article explores the evolution of language learning from classroom-based methods to the incorporation of digital instruments, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Digital tools such as language learning applications, online dictionaries, multimedia resources, and language exchange platforms have made language acquisition more accessible and engaging. AI technologies introduce intelligent tutoring systems, personalized learning experiences, and advanced language processing capabilities, while ICT tools like Learning Management Systems (LMS) and virtual classrooms facilitate effective communication and information processing. The benefits of these advancements are multifaceted, including increased accessibility and flexibility, enhanced engagement and motivation, personalized learning paths, and improved collaboration and communication. However, challenges such as the digital divide, variability in resource quality, data privacy concerns, and the need for continuous teacher training must be addressed. Looking ahead, future trends such as augmented and virtual reality, blockchain technology, AI-driven content creation, IoT integration, and multimodal learning experiences promise to further transform the landscape of language education. These innovations will pave the way for more immersive and interconnected language learning experiences, contributing to a more multilingual global society.

Analisis Sentimen Masyarakat terhadap Pelayanan e-KTP dengan Metode Support Vector Machine

The rapid development of information and communication technology allows society to access various information needed in daily life. The Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2006 concerning population administration serves as an important element in population management. Population documents are issued by official institutions and have legal legitimacy as valid evidence. The method used in this research regarding public sentiment towards e-ID card services is the survey method, which aims to collect data from a large population using a smaller sample. The steps or processes in this research using the SVM method consist of case folding, cleaning, tokenizing, normalization, stopword removal, and stemming. Based on the classification of 150 test data using SVM, the number of positive sentiments recorded is 110 opinions, while negative sentiments recorded are 40 opinions.

Synthesis of SrZnOSe Crystals with Low Phonon Energy for Enhancing Near‐Infrared Mechanoluminescence

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) light is promising for bioimaging and information technology due to its high penetration ability and resistance to interference with environmental radiation. Here, a new class of lanthanide‐doped SrZnOSe crystals are developed for the self‐sustainable generation of NIR emissions under mechanical excitation. It is shown that the SrZnOSe crystals render ≈5‐fold stronger NIR emissions than the well‐established CaZnOS due to the low phonon energies of the selenide host, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The potential utility of the crystals is demonstrated by integration with a mouthguard, which can generate bright NIR emissions by bite force to transmit encrypted optical signals through thick tissues (up to 8 mm) in ambient environments. The findings provide a powerful addition to the toolbox of self‐recovery mechanoluminescent materials and open new possibilities for applied research.

Automated programming approaches to enhance computer-aided translation accuracy

With the continued development of information technology and increased global cultural exchanges, translation has gained significant attention. Traditional manual translation relies heavily on dictionaries or personal experience, translating word by word. While this method ensures high translation quality, it is often too slow to meet the demands of today’s fast-paced environment. Computer-assisted translation (CAT) addresses the issue of slow translation speed; however, the quality of CAT translations still requires rigorous evaluation. This study aims to answer the following questions: How do CAT systems that use automated programming fare compared to more conventional methods of human translation when translating English vocabulary? (2) How can CAT systems be improved to handle difficult English words, specialised terminology, and semantic subtleties? The working premise is that CAT systems that use automated programming techniques will outperform traditional methods in terms of translation accuracy. English vocabulary plays a crucial role in translation, as words can have different meanings depending on the context. CAT systems improve their translation accuracy by utilising specific automated programs and building a translation corpus through translation memory technology. This study compares the accuracy of English vocabulary translations produced by CAT based on automatic programming with those produced by traditional manual translation. Experimental results demonstrate that CAT based on automatic programming is 8% more accurate than traditional manual translation when dealing with complex English vocabulary sentences, professional jargon, English acronyms, and semantic nuances. Consequently, compared to conventional human translation, CAT can enhance the accuracy of English vocabulary translation, making it a valuable tool in the translation industry.

Informatization model of Guqin based on grasshopper and CNC machining

ABSTRACT The integration of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining has brought modern manufacturing techniques into the craft of Guqin crafting, introducing the concept of Industrialized Standardized Guqin Crafting (ISGC). This study proposes the concept of Guqin Information Modeling (GIM), on the basis of which, the parametric modeling method of Guqin is proposed to realize the parameter control of the key position of Guqin; combined with the CNC machining technology, it verifies the production of Guqin of different materials and shapes, summarizes the method of selecting the tools for CNC machining of Guqin and the machining parameters of each process, and puts forward the Industrialized Standard of Guqin Carving (ISGC). The proposal of GIM and ISGC provides information technology support for the research of the sound quality of Guqin and the protection of Guqin.