Introduction Of IT Research Articles

Digital Banking – Journey of a Nation

Banking sector play a very crucial role in the financial system of an economy. It facilitates the creation and maintenance of a robust payment system to meet the requirements of businesses, the government and general public. It also serves as a credit delivery mechanism, which can be accessed by those who are in need of funds. Overall, the banking sector represents the centre of the economic activities of a nation Thus, a strong and healthy banking system is essential for economic growth. The Indian banking sector, at present is witnessing an IT revolution and is heading towards digitalisation. The internet and IT has entirely changed the way of functioning of banks and the financial institutions. The Information technology was introduced in the Indian banking sector in the late eighties. However, current phase of IT revolution is more intense and impactful, which probably has the potential to change not only the banking landscape, but the overall structure and direction of the economy. The modernization of banking sector, after the introduction of IT and internet has benefitted both the customers as well as banks. The banking now is not just limited to transactions in the branches, but it has made its way into hand held devices like smartphones and tablets. The current phase of banking may be aptly called as ‘Digital Banking’.

Artificial Intelligence: Achievements and Postponed Risks

The article considers the problem of the development of artificial intelligence, its ambivalent impact on society and humanity. There are the description and definition of artificial intelligence, the problem field was defined. We conducted a study of the manifest and latent functions of artificial intelligence, which can provoke postponed risks. We considered the vision of artificial intelligence as a complex socio-biotechnological hybrid and a qualitatively new mechanism of social control. The achievements and risk-based role of artificial intelligence in modern complex society was estimated. Particular attention is paid to the nature of knowledge about the phenomenon of artificial intelligence, acquiring an interdisciplinary character. Some deferred risks related to the functioning of artificial intelligence are indicated. The factors contributing to the creation of a socio-biotechnological hybrid in the form of artificial intelligence are considered in the context of the riskological turn. The risks of a new type of irrational rationality are considered, the cause of which, according to the author, is the introduction of IT and artificial intelligence, the consequences of rationality are given. The problem of the risk of deintimization, depriving a person of opportunities and the right to personal information is noted. That problem may entail new manifestations of alienation in the form of the dehumanization of social and natural realities. due to the introduction in many programs of artificial intelligence. The article deals with the problem of the pluralization of knowledge about artificial intelligence, the use of performance mechanisms that produce fakes, absolutizing positive or negative consequences of the functioning of artificial intelligence. The article summarizes the state of the risks of artificial intelligence at the moment. Recommendations for further interdisciplinary study of artificial intelligence are presented. The article substantiates the importance of the implementation of the risk assessment of the emerging programs based on artificial intelligence.

Organizational learning and change: can they coexist?

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamics of IT-enabled change and organizational learning. This research defines organizational learning in general terms as the capacity of acquiring, transferring and creating knowledge within an organization.Design/methodology/approachThis research design represents a common form of ex-post facto analysis, in which the exploration of relationships between variables is the main focus. The questionnaire used in the first phase was self-administered in a report format, wherein managers were asked to describe the organizational context and problems; the IT intervention or managers’ response to the problems; and the benefits that resulted from the introduction of IT. In the follow-up phase, the interviews used a similar version of the survey, focusing on the same themes.FindingsThis paper contends that IT-enabled change such as process redesign and productivity improvements do not take place simultaneously with an organization’s attempts to increase its knowledge base or its capacity to acquire knowledge. Organizations alter processes and re-engineer their operations to improve productivity, not to enhance their knowledge-acquiring and decision-making capacities. It seems that the attention structure of managers may be limited and, therefore, they cannot focus on improving both ends simultaneously. This may suggest that when an organization alters its processes, it may overlook its ability to acquire knowledge and its learning capacity at least for the short term.Originality/valueThe findings of this study can serve as important insights regarding managers’ work practices. Findings support a pragmatic view where managers are concerned with showing immediate gains through the introduction of IT which implies a lack of long-term planning. The findings also can serve as an important lesson to managers in that when they alter organizational processes, they should not overlook the issues of organizational learning and knowledge creation. The findings highlight the complexity of organizations and the conflicting objectives which organizations may attempt to achieve when engaging in change efforts such as the adoption of new technologies.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROCEDURE FOR PROVIDING ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES TO TAXPAYERS IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM

The article studies the procedure of providing administrative services to taxpayers in fiscal service authorities of Ukraine through the prism of public administration reform. Problems of development of IT systems, development and introduction of new IT mechanisms in management systems in part of providing e-services, and the introduction of virtual offices of e-services are analysed. Practices of improving the domestic system of providing administrative services on the example of the activity of taxpayer service centres are considered, statistical indicators of the existing centres of the provision of administrative services are given. Provisions of the Law “On Administrative Services” on the issue of mechanisms and ways of providing administrative services are analysed that allowed distinguishing typical stages and phases of administrative services’ provision. It is determined that the procedure of implementation of proceedings on the provision of administrative services in Ukraine is statutory-regulated order (is regulated by industry-specific regulatory documents (flow charts)) of consistent implementation of procedural actions (stages) by officials (administrators (consultants, moderators)) of Administrative Service Centres (ASC) for the counselling of the subjects of appeal, registration of the application, referral of application to whom it may concern (to structural units) for processing and imposing a resolution at each stage, and making a final decision on satisfaction or denial in relation to the issuance of an individual certificate of permit, verificatory, registration, licensing, attestation types. The practical importance of research is to clarify the general procedure for the provision of administrative services by taxpayer service centres of the fiscal services of Ukraine in terms of mechanisms, methods of providing administrative services, typical stages and phases of the provision of administrative services, which is extremely relevant in the phased introduction of the latest IT mechanisms of providing e-services. At present, the process of providing administrative services by public administration authorities of Ukraine is in a state of transformation and is being brought to the standards of the EU. In this sense, there is the theoretical and legal conditionality of applying to the practice of providing administrative services by fiscal authorities, such as those of the first in Ukraine that initiated the activity of administrative service centres (ASCs) and started to provide e-services. Therefore, the analysis of the provision of administrative services to taxpayers as a part of the development of a general administrative procedure is important for further scientific substantiation of improving the scope of the provision of administrative services in other bodies of the public administration of Ukraine in the context of public administration reform. Methodology. The methodology of scientific research consists of a set of methods of scientific knowledge, in particular: system-structural, functional, modelling, and generalization, which made it possible to investigate the abovementioned problems in the area of improving the procedure for providing administrative services to taxpayers.

ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF IT APPLICATION AT ENTERPRISES

The article covers theoretical aspects of the necessity of information technologies’ introduction and development at the enterprise. There was substantiated the importance of the introduction of modern information technologies and their influence on the effective activity of the enterprise. There were generalized the conditions and consequences of technologies introduction, the main trends of IT development at enterprises, and possibilities of modern technologies use. The composite analysis of the methods for assessing the efficiency of information technology use conducted made it possible to compile the methods into three groups (methods of financial analysis, methods of qualitative analysis, methods of predictive analysis) and to distinguish their characteristics and possibilities of use. There were considered the most popular structural modules of the corporate information and technological system (CIS) in the world. There was the generalized structural composition of the ERP-system with MRP, SRM, CRM, and CSRM modules. There were determined the main characteristics of IT systems, advantages and disadvantages of integrated CRM modules – customer relationship management system, BI data analysis systems (SAP, Microsoft Dynamics AX, Oracle BI systems), communication management system with SRM providers; 1C: Enterprise 8 – system of bookkeeping and management accounting use and the possibility of their association in CIS as: CSRP Enterprise Resource Planning System (Customer Synchronized Resource Planning). Resource planning technologies are functionally related in such a system, modules of CRM strategies are integrated, interaction with buyers and customers and bookkeeping analysis and accounting are synchronized. The method of economic efficiency determination with the improvement of calculation algorithm is proposed. The main stages of assessing the effectiveness of IT introduction and application at the enterprise can be summarized in three stages: preparation – analysis and assessment of the technology selection; introduction – analysis and assessment of direct costs and substantiation of expediency; implementation – assessment of economic efficiency of application and calculation of intellectual depreciation and possible stepwise modernization of information technology in future. The multiplicity of introduction goals and sources of IT payback requires a differentiated approach to the determination of the criteria for their effectiveness assessment. There was developed an algorithm of determination of the economic efficiency of IT introduction in the activity of the enterprise. The traditional way of profit assessing from the IT introduction does not ensure full consideration of qualitative and strategic efficiency, therefore, it requires additional use of predictive methods that allow supplementing quantitative calculations. The author proposed to calculate the efficiency of introduction, modernization, and use of IT projects, use of scenarios analysis methods, which include the Black-Scholes model and the binomial model for calculating the effectiveness of real options. The author considers the application of the Black-Scholes-Merton model to be the most expedient because, in contrast to the binomial one, it is easier to use but allows obtaining a result with minimal errors, without significant time costs close to the definitions of the binomial model. The use of such a model has already proven effective not only when calculating the effectiveness of real options, but there are also positive results of the study when using them in other areas of analysis. We consider it economically feasible to use methods determined by the author to assess economic efficiency of IT use.

Possible effect of IT introduction into the election process: a case study of Nigeria

It is very much accepted fact that Nigeria is upgrading technologically in all fronts. But the execution of election process still remained as a black mark to the governments as well as to the public. Many policies and programs have been implemented to change the situations, but could not succeed completely. So, to understand the pulse of the citizens regarding better means of conducting elections with technological intervention, this study conducted an online survey. The data collected from 349 members is analysed with the help of frequency tables and chi-square analysis technique. Results of the study are quiet positive and encouraging. It is observed from the study that the respondents are highly educated, futuristic and enthusiastic in sharing their part for the development of country. In addition, many valuable inputs are provided by them like establishment of biomarker bank, introduction of remote voting technologies and internet voting. Pertinent suggestions are given for maintaining quality in the process of organising error free elections and according policy changes are advocated.

Verification of a investment appeal assessment technique of the IT introduction project at the hi-tech knowledge-intensive enterprise

Need of an assessment of investment appeal of projects, according to authors, is caused also by the fact that the investment project is the independent object of the analysis entering the general program of development, both the knowledge-intensive enterprise, and economy in general. Results of the investment analysis allow the potential owner to determine the term necessary for return of originally invested sum, to calculate real increments of assets from acquisition of property, to estimate potential stability to risks of the cash flow formed by concrete object of property. In article features of an assessment of investment appeal of innovative projects on introduction of information technologies are considered. Methodical approach to innovative development of the knowledge-intensive enterprise is created. Within this approach the main evaluation stages are defined, approaches to an assessment of a discountrate of the IT and innovative project are specified, calculation of key indicators of investment appeal of the innovative project is made. The offered assessment procedure of investment appeal of the investment project of introduction of information technologies will allow the enterprise to choose an optimal variant of implementation of IT solutions which will give the chance to solve the problems revealed during an assessment of his activity. Research is based on the theoretical and methodological provisions, classical and modern fundamental concepts which are contained in works of classics of economic and administrative science and also the domestic and foreign scientists working in the field of the organization and management, the organization and management of innovative development of the knowledge-intensive enterprises. For the solution of the tasks set in article the complex of scientific basic and applied theories, approaches and methods has been used, namely: theory of systems and system analysis, theory of management, theory of decision-making, theory of innovations, theory of cost and interested persons, process and system approach, and also methods of mathematical modeling, logical analysis and empirical research, etc.

개방형 도시철도의 무임승차 예방시스템 도입을 위한 기술 타당성 연구

This paper reviews the one of problems that may occure for the tram operating in Korea, it's a free-riding problem, I analyzed the feasibility of combining the introduction of world-class technology solution IT. It is under review the introduction of tram in Su-won city, Chang-won city, Wi-Rye new town. Free-riding is one of the biggest issues of any agency that operates the public transportation system. It has been acting as the main factors threatening the financial integrity of the operating agency, and the ratio of free-riding is further increased. In this paper, I want to build a foundation for the development of the system by analyzing the economic feasibility for the introduction of free-riding prevention system.

PADLET AND OTHER INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY TOOLS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

The paper considers the necessity of the computerization of the education sphere. Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools and services of Google, blended learning techniques help to enhance autonomous education and answer the training needs of future specia-lists. The paper describes the Padlet (Google application) and provides with its practical usage in language classroom. The authors come to the following conclusions: improving Internet and computer technology competence through mastering various Internet tools and applications can be traced. Besides, the introduction of IT into traditional classroom intensifies the process of cognitive development and mental activities, forming the high level of students’ motivation and interest. For students the usage of IT proves the positive dynamics of their accomplishments in the field of selecting, organizing and dealing with information provided in various forms. It enhances students’ opportunities in creating, designing and performing their works and achievements.

Роль системы дополнительного профессионального образования в построении единого информационного образовательного пространства

The paper concerns such timely and promising approach to improve the system of retraining and professional development of educators as creating
 the shared information-educational environment, which would integrate several educational stages. Challenges and tasks facing the above mentioned
 educational institutions are analyzed. It is further concluded that the system of retraining and professional development needs to be fundamentally
 restructured and modernized. These activities should be undertaken in a variety of areas, including one of the most important goals — to introduce
 inforamtization to the system of supplementary professional education, where the primary task is to create the shared information-educational
 environment. Beside the advantages of informatization the authors also point out to the risks along the process and emphasize that introduction of IT
 technologies should be incremental, targeted and well-thought-out.

Empirical Study on the Causality of an Organization’s IT Introduction Decision-making Structure on Isomorphism Theory

Empirical Study on the Causality of an Organization’s IT Introduction Decision-making Structure on Isomorphism Theory

Barriers to organizational adoption of EMR systems in family physician practices: A mixed-methods study in Canada

BackgroundEMR system can provide three main types of benefits: it can solve the logistical organization problems associated with paper systems; it can improve the quality of professionals’ clinical decisions; and it can improve physicians’ return on their practices by reducing the cost of managing clinical information. According to the 2012 Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey, Canada ranked 10th out of 11 countries in terms of family physicians’ adoption of EMR systems. Our main purpose is to investigate the reasons why so many primary care medical practices in this country have not decided to invest in these systems yet. MethodsTo achieve our main objective, a mixed-methods study was performed. We first conducted a Delphi study with a panel of 21 experts made up of general practitioners with extensive professional experience and a very good understanding of the issues surrounding the introduction of health IT in private medical practices. As a second step, we collected and analyzed data from a large questionnaire survey of family physicians working in medical practices without EMR systems (n=431). ResultsThe Delphi study reveals that private medical practices are hindered by four types of barriers when faced with the initial decision to invest in an EMR system, namely, behavioral, cognitive or knowledge-based, economic, and technological. Survey findings then indicate that the key challenges preventing private medical practices from investing in an EMR system are mainly related to economic and knowledge barriers. Surprisingly, we also found a cluster of medical practices which, although they have not invested in an EMR system, perceive no such barriers to adoption. ConclusionsA thorough understanding of the barriers faced by family physician practices in adopting an EMR system would help governments and other key stakeholders target policies and measures in support of medical practices. The “one size fits all” approach to such policies and measures is clearly inappropriate, given this study's findings that many medical practices face practically no barriers to EMR adoption, and that others differ markedly as to the type of barriers faced, be they mostly “soft” such as knowledge barriers or “hard” such as economic barriers.

E-Governance in Education: Areas of Impact and Proposing a Framework to Measure the Impact.

st century. There has been a huge growth in the field of information technology. Traditionally IT was used only to provide the back office support to organizations. Nowadays it plays a strategic role in organizations supporting many business functions and also shapes new strategies in organizations. The IT field has also been introduced in the field of governance called “E Governance”. This IT based E governance has also been introduced in the field of education. The implementation of e governance in education has led to new broader innovations. E governance has enabled universities to expand their current geographical reach, to interact to prospective students all around the world and to establish themselves as global education providers. This paper examines the need for implementation of e governance in education sector and its possible advantages. The paper also proposes a framework to measure the success of an e governance initiative in an educational organisation. The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of change in Education with respect to the introduction and growth of IT based e governance.

Mediating the intersections of organizational routines during the introduction of a health IT system

Public interest in the quality and safety of health care has spurred examination of specific organizational routines believed to yield risk in health care work. Medication administration routines, in particular, have been the subject of numerous improvement projects involving information technology development, and other forms of research and regulation. This study draws from ethnographic observation to examine how the common routine of medication administration intersects with other organizational routines, and why understanding such intersections is important. We present three cases describing intersections between medication administration and other routines, including a pharmacy routine, medication administration on the next shift and management reporting. We found that each intersection had ostensive and performative dimensions; and furthermore, that IT-enabled changes to one routine led to unintended consequences in its intersection with others, resulting in misalignment of ostensive and performative aspects of the intersection. Our analysis focused on the activities of a group of nurses who provide technology use mediation (TUM) before and after the rollout of a new health IT system. This research offers new insights on the intersection of organizational routines, demonstrates the value of analyzing TUM activities to better understand the relationship between IT introduction and changes in routines, and has practical implications for the implementation of technology in complex practice settings.

A novel research approach to enhance research group‐level science data management

AbstractThis poster will report an alternative approach compared with large‐scale collection, technology development, or discipline informatics projects by exploring the enhancement of science data management at the research group level. An academic‐year‐long project involving both information and technical analysts demonstrated that flexible introduction of IT in the form of a relational database solution presents an opportunity to incorporate data‐related practices, behavior, and schemes into a tool. The project team used cognitive work analysis and participatory design research methods to sensitively analyze research practice and then design and introduce a prototype tool. Iterative analysis and design cycles captured and incorporated the complex practices of researchers who struggle with the accumulation of samples and related digital data files from years of research. Design research processes will be analyzed according to project developments and research group reaction to the proposed data management tool design and preliminary attempt at implementation.

The Impact of Promoting Green IT on Corporate Brand Equity

The purpose of this study recognizes the importance of companies Green IT and companies promoting Green IT in a company's brand equity is to evaluate the impact empirically. To this end, this paper examines the results of a survey that solicited the views of a group of employees from Korean companies. The survey instrument was designed to discover if companies Green IT strategy differences would in any way be reflected in the respondent's concept of the 'brand equity'. For this study, the research model was set whether to run the company's Green IT, Green IT budget allocations, Green IT strategy execution, the purchase of environmentally friendly products, as explanatory variables and the company's brand equity as the dependent variables, correlation analysis, regression analysis, t- test were conducted. As a result, for companies which did not actively point the Green IT of companies will not independent in the matter of expenditure. From the beginning, the expectation whether to run the company's Green IT will be a positive impact on the company's brand equity was not satisfied. In the meantime, the research trend on company's Green IT, the mainstream was about the research on the Green IT introduction plan and development study. However, in the case of this study we analyzed quantitatively about the impact of promoting Green IT on corporate brand equity. There are implications in this study.

Barriers to Physicians’ Adoption of Healthcare Information Technology: An Empirical Study on Multiple Hospitals

Prior research on technology usage had largely overlooked the issue of user resistance or barriers to technology acceptance. Prior research on the Electronic Medical Records had largely focused on technical issues but rarely on managerial issues. Such oversight prevented a better understanding of users' resistance to new technologies and the antecedents of technology rejection. Incorporating the enablers and the inhibitors of technology usage intention, this study explores physicians' reactions towards the electronic medical record. The main focus is on the barriers, perceived threat and perceived inequity. 115 physicians from 6 hospitals participated in the questionnaire survey. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to verify the measurement scale and research hypotheses. According to the results, perceived threat shows a direct and negative effect on perceived usefulness and behavioral intentions, as well as an indirect effect on behavioral intentions via perceived usefulness. Perceived inequity reveals a direct and positive effect on perceived threat, and it also shows a direct and negative effect on perceived usefulness. Besides, perceived inequity reveals an indirect effect on behavioral intentions via perceived usefulness with perceived threat as the inhibitor. The research finding presents a better insight into physicians' rejection and the antecedents of such outcome. For the healthcare industry understanding the factors contributing to physicians' technology acceptance is important as to ensure a smooth implementation of any new technology. The results of this study can also provide change managers reference to a smooth IT introduction into an organization. In addition, our proposed measurement scale can be applied as a diagnostic tool for them to better understand the status quo within their organizations and users' reactions to technology acceptance. By doing so, barriers to physicians' acceptance can be identified earlier and more effectively before leading to technology rejection.

Effect of a nursing information system on the quality of information processing in nursing: An evaluation study using the HIS-monitor instrument

Objectives To assess the changes in the quality of information processing in nursing after the introduction of a computer-based nursing information system. Methods 94 nurses filled out the HIS-monitor survey, comprising 41 questions and focusing on the quality of the information processing, shortly before and again one year after the introduction of a computer-based nursing information system. A McNemar–Bowker-test was used to assess the changes in quality over time. The HIS-monitor instrument was formally validated by calculating Cronbach Alpha. Results Despite some technical problems, the quality of the information processing in nursing significantly improved after the introduction of a computer-based nursing information system in many areas. The results show improved support during patient anamnesis and care planning, higher availability and completeness of nursing documentation, better overview on the patient, better readability of nursing documentation, reduction of duplicate documentation, better workflow support with task lists and checklists, and better fulfillment of the legal regulations. The results with regard to time efforts for nursing documentation and the related impact on patient care were mixed, however. Most of the expectations of the nurses that were stated before IT introduction seem to have been realized. Conclusions The HIS-monitor was found to be a useful instrument, in turn showing that the quality of the information processing in nursing strongly increased after the introduction of a nursing information system.

An innovative integrated framework towards effective collaboration environments in construction

The research reported in this paper was aimed at exploring the introduction of IT enabled collaboration environments to construction organisations and managing the changes required to obtain full benefits. The paper firstly presents the results of a literature review on the factors affecting the success of collaboration environment implementations. Secondly, it summarises the results of case studies providing the perspectives of the construction organisations on the implementation of collaboration environments. It then presents the implementation of collaboration environments and management of organisational changes (ICEMOCHA) framework developed to enable the planning and implementation of collaboration environments on construction projects whilst carrying out the organisational changes in each organisation. The paper also provides the evaluation results of the ICEMOCHA framework.

UID Project: The 1984 of Our Times?

With the rapid modernization of our governance systems as is evidenced by the introduction of the Unique Identity Project spearheaded by the Unique Identification Authority of India under the Planning Commission, there is an urgent need to update our jurisprudence on the understanding of the right to privacy and data protection methods. There are many dangers attendant to the introduction of IT into governance the most common being loss of privacy and increasing risks of data theft and loss. Though the law on data protection vis a vis private interference is well developed in India, there are no measures to limit government intrusion and mismanagement of sensitive private data of individuals. The present paper seeks to first identify some axiomatic and fundamental rights of an individual as are entrenched in foreign jurisdictions with respect to privacy laws and then subsequently emphasizes the need to mould this understanding of privacy and data protection in our jurisprudence, as to make sure that progressive measures such as the UID Project see the light of day. The author has tried charting out the discourse of the right to privacy law in our jurisprudence and makes a case for introduction of information privacy within the present framework, of which data protection laws form a significantly large part.