IT Center Research Articles

Green I.T and Datacenter: a Study of Environmental Management Indicators

Objective: Identify the environmental indicators from the ABNT ISO NBR 14031 standard applicable to data centers to improve energy efficiency and environmental management. Theoretical Framework: The study addresses concepts of Green IT, practices for data center efficiency, and the indicators from the ABNT NBR ISO 14031 standard, including environmental, managerial, operational, and condition performance indicators. Method: Bibliometric research to support the theme, through searches on the Scopus and IEEE platforms, with content analysis of the main references, including the NBR ISO 14031 standards. Results and Discussion: Operational indicators from the NBR ISO 14031 standard were identified and adapted for data centers, such as the quantity of reused materials, energy used and saved, and specific emissions. The practical application of these indicators was detailed. Research Implications: The research contributes to the application of Green IT practices and energy efficiency in data centers, providing a basis for the adoption of environmental management indicators. Originality/Value: Although there are various individual studies related to Green IT or data centers, there are few studies relating these themes together. Thus, this study fills this gap by promoting an integrated approach to Green IT and environmental management, and providing support for data center managers towards Green IT.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN DATA PROCESSING CENTERS

On a global scale, IT equipment is responsible for 2% of CO2 emissions, the same quantity as that emitted by the totality of airline companies world-wide. Furthermore, and as a point of reference, electricity consumption by data processing centers in the USA constitutes approximately 2% of total national electricity consumption. This high rate of consumption implies that IT is currently the second most contaminating industry on the planet, surpassed only, once again, by the aeronautical industry. However, given its present rate of growth, IT will shortly head the list. This article assesses the present and future situation of IT center energy consumption and associated environmental effects, and also looks at how state-of-the-art technology, correctly implemented, could ensure significant rationalization of data processing center energy consumption. The article will examine optimization techniques, specific problems and case studies.

Energy Efficiency in Data Processing Centers: TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC VIABILITY STUDY FOR A TRIGENERATION

This article explores the case of the viability for a trigeneration system, consisting in the production of electricity to provide energy, in a Data Processing Center, both in economical terms and in environmental protection. Furthermore it is analyzed the present and future situation of IT center energy consumption and associated environmental effects, and also looks at how state-of-the-art technology, correctly implemented, could ensure significant rationalization of data processing center energy consumption. The article will examine optimization techniques, specific problems and case studies.

Indian-African Cooperation in Science and Technologies

At the present time, when technology “rules the world”, it is important for Africa to master scientific and technological progress, to make a “leap” in the development of science and technology, which will contribute to economic recovery, employment growth, and income growth. The article summarizes and analyzes information about the places that India and African countries hold in the global ranking of innovative economies. India, as one of the leaders in the export of information and communication technology services, possessing advanced science and technology clusters, ranked 40th, according to the Global Innovation Index (GII) for 2022. Of the African countries, only Mauritius (45th place) made it into the top 50, while the top 100 also included South Africa, Morocco, Tunisia, Botswana, Kenya, Egypt, Ghana, Namibia, Senegal. According to the World Bank, research and development spending (% of GDP) in Africa varies greatly. For the period from 2015 to 2020, the minimum value of this indicator was noted in Mauritania 0.01%, and the maximum in Egypt – 0.96%. At the same time, Rwanda, Tunisia, South Africa, and Mauritius demonstrate the highest values among African countries, along with Egypt. In terms of the number of articles in scientific and technical journals, China and the USA lead the world, followed by India. Among African countries, the leaders are Egypt, South Africa, Nigeria. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that India has made a significant contribution to cooperation with African countries in the field of scientific and technological progress. Since 1964, the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Program has been operating, a program for providing developing countries with technical assistance and assistance in training specialists. In 2009, the Pan-African E-Network Project was launched to bridge the digital divide in Africa. India has established IT centers in South Africa, Egypt, Morocco, Lesotho, Ghana, Namibia and Tanzania; CGARD Technology Center in Madagascar; vocational training centers in Ethiopia, Rwanda, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Gambia, Zimbabwe and Egypt. Thus, India and Africa are cooperating in the field of education, science, medicine, digital technologies, agriculture, development of alternative energy sources. At the same time, it is necessary to more actively expand cooperation between India and Africa in the field of innovation and technology, which will undoubtedly be beneficial for both parties and serve the interests of the Indian and African peoples.

University Students’ Techno-Panic: What Learning Support is Available?

The current study sought to identify the level of support provided for first year university students during the novel COVID-19 pandemic online classes with the Moodle learning management system (LMS). The researchers surveyed 1416 first year university students in the second semester of the 2019/2020 academic year, who were all supposed to be part of the web-based courses to logically bring the semester to an end. In an attempt to make students become familiar with the use of the Moodle LMS, the university introduced measures like online orientation, creation of instructional videos, provision of hot phone contact lines as well as IT centre support. Out of these interventions rolled-out by the university, the researchers found that the students did not gain the required benefits as envisaged by the University and for that matter affected the students adversely. From an instructional standpoint, the measures put in place to familiarize students with the Moodle system were laudable. However, the support services provided had issues of implementation. A need exists for a more comprehensive and coordinated support services to adequately equip university students to participate meaningfully in web-based learning.

EVALUATION OF SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE CENTER OF LVIV ON THE EXAMPLE OF SVOBODY AVENUE

Since Lviv is a popular tourist destination, a major IT center, and a temporary residence for refugees from the eastern part of the state during the war, its role attracts people, and an active modern lifestyle can come in conflict with the restrictions of the preservation of the city's historical heritage. Therefore, the modern state of the city's historical core needs to be evaluated and compared to its past state. This research evaluates spatial metamorphosis by analyzing the old to modern city shift. Svobody Avenue, Lviv’s main street, was chosen to represent the area of analysis. Evaluation of Svobody Avenue was done by the quality criteria of public space, types of subspaces, and spatial problems of the current state of the avenue. The quality criteria were chosen liveliness, identity, comfort, and functionality, subspaces were based on Carmona’s classification, and a systematization of the problems as the outcome of transformation is presented in the end. This work's primary value is considering transformation as a comprehensive process from different angles, which gives a complete picture of the change in the city's main street.

INSTALLING LINUX OS OVER NETWORK IN AREA OF ITCGH (USING,” KICKSTART”)

Here in this monoscript installing operating system over the network, you will commonly find four solutions ways for these four problems Such as Cost savings, centralization, timekeeping, and security which has always challenged IT centers in Afghanistan as well as in Ghor province. This search goal is an possabel OS placement concept for IT centers. Using one of the OS spread methods over a network called “Kickstart”. One of the most problematic obstacles against IT centers every day is IT centers' computers which are fundamental tools in many disciplines of study and work. In many cases, they are offered to users inside an open room to be used freely for their needs. ITCGh (Information Technology Center Ghor ) is one example. During my year at the university, it was possible to observe the technological dependence of a tool used to deploy OS all along with the computers. Kickstart is a well defined program we can work with this in the form of Command-line (CLI) and Graphical User Interface (GUI). It response the queries while OS installation. Finally, DHCP, TFTP, FTP, xinetd, and syslinux are the protocols that we need to configure in our Server System.

Modern trends in architecture of information technology centers

Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to identify the place of the information technology in the modern world and the importance of developing the IT center architecture through the study of foreign and domestic analogues. The article presents information about the modern trends in architecture of information technology centers.Design: The article describes the main solutions for the place of IT centers in the urban environment and their functional and architectural planning features.Practical implications: The information technology potential is identified, which is being rapidly developed. The constant growth of Internet users creates an increased demand for various information products. The emergence of IT centers not only allows realizing the regional potential, but also forming a social infrastructure and a comfortable urban environment.Originality/value: One of the main tasks solved by an architect when designing an information technology center is to take into account the peculiarities of intellectual labor and create appropriate conditions for employees. This is realized through the use of "flexible offices" and a large percentage of recreational areas for workers. One of the important characteristics of the modern information technology center is its compliance with the green architecture, which implies concern for the environment and use of alternative energy sources.

THE INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION TO WARD THE EMPLOYEES WORK PERFORMANCE IN IT CENTER MANADO

The purpose of research is to know the motivational influence toward the work performance of the workers in IT center Manado. The method used is the surveys methodology by using a questionnaire as a means of data gatherers , to define the onnection between variables research through the testing of hypotheses ~ Research variable is as free variable, the influence of motivation as (X) variable and the performance of the employee as limited variable (Y). The sample gathering techniques using the Slovin formulas, with the number of 30 respondents, using likert scale, and simple regression analysis. The result the regression analysis shows the value of the influence of Motivation (X) toward the performance of the employee (Y) in IT Center, Manado as the test result of the correlation obtained r-hitung = 0,150 < r-tabelnya = 0,317 juga F-hitung 0,647 < F-tabel 4,196 dan t-hitung 0,805 < t-tabel 1,701 (r-count = 0,150 < r-table = 0,317 also f-count 0,647 < F-table 4,196 and t-count 0,805 < t-table 1,701) which means its influence is very small . The influence of motivation to work performance of the employees in IT Center Manado is probably influenced by other factors. This reflected on the results of correlation determinant only 2.3 % and the rest influenced by other factors which aren’t researched.

Conceptualising Teachers as Designers in the Higher Education Context: Case Studies from Indonesian English University Teachers

Empirical studies have revealed the learning design processes employed by teachers in higher education institutions in developed countries (Bennett et al., 2017; Kali et al., 2011; Markauskaite & Goodyear, 2009). However, there has been limited research into the way that university teachers in developing countries design for learning and whether they adopt similar design routines – and indeed, whether there are similarities to the work of learning designers in these settings. A multiple-case study design was developed to investigate the design processes of eight Indonesian English University Teachers (IEUTs) working in a variety of Indonesian universities in implementing blended (pre-COVID) and online (during COVID) learning in their classes. Due to the Australian travel restrictions to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 in 2020, data gathered remotely included digital document analyses, online interviews and online class observations. This data was analysed and a cross-case analysis was undertaken in order to identify common themes. It was possible to identify design processes that the IEUTs had in common with those described by Bennet et al. (2017). However, this model did not anticipate design issues caused by socio-economic and cultural context in which the IEUTs were teaching. Specifically, factors such as the technological affordances and the costs related to online or blended learning were not described. However, this study noted that these factors had a significant effect upon teachers’ design work, often requiring them to redesign learning experiences – sometimes while a subject was ongoing. This challenge was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which also meant that teachers were required to work with technologies with which they were not familiar. This, in turn, led to further challenges, at an institutional level, as some universities were not well prepared for online learning. Teachers who received institutional support services such as a set of curricula, teacher training, support technologies, financial support (i.e., competitive grants to develop online modules in the university’s e-learning platform) and hands-on support from IT Centre’s staff experienced fewer challenges compared to teachers who were less supported. However, all participating teachers’ design practices were constructed from “accidental pedagogies” (McGee & Carmean, 2012) caused by the trial-and-error approach adopted during COVID-19. These teachers faced significant obstacles including ensuring academic integrity, retaining control over the classroom, and ensuring equitable access to course content. Although these design processes might not demonstrate an effective learning design in an ongoing setting, these design practices should be “forgiven” (Dickson-Deane, 2020) as they were a response to an emergency setting. The IEUTs experienced similar design routines to those of instructional designers (Dickson-Deane, 2020) in that they were required to comprehend how an unknown or unexpected event may become known or take place, which can necessitate trial-and-error during the design process and into development and implementation. A new model of teacher professional development for language teachers was proposed to better prepare teachers for such events and challenges (i.e., other pandemics and catastrophic weather events) by conceiving of them as designers. This model adapted the 6 C’s framework for learning designers (Heggart, 2021).

Foundations for New Media Nodes

According to the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), broadcasting “should strive to reuse, as much as possible, existing IT and Internet Standards to leverage the research and development investments of this much wider industry. [Broadcast workflows] should be implementable in software running on standard IT servers, so enabling flexible, agile and scalable infrastructures.” We outline three foundational layers of Accelerated Server Hardware, Virtualization, and Software Composability that together facilitate this goal. We explain how the technologies in these layers can be applied to build unlimited Media Nodes that can run anywhere and be managed with standard IT and data center tools.

Connecting IndExs Editors and exsiccata IDs with Wikidata for Disambiguation of People Names and Work in Botanical and Mycological Collections

Connecting IndExs Editors and exsiccata IDs with Wikidata for Disambiguation of People Names and Work in Botanical and Mycological Collections

Trends in the Environment Design of IT Centers in the Conditions of the Coronavirus Pandemic

The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the formation of IT centers’ environment, following the trends of decoration in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. As well as, to predict, and determine changes in the methodological basis for the creation of the interior environment of IT centers through design in terms of protecting the population from the coronavirus pandemic. The research methodology is based on the use of methods of generalization and systematization of scientific and theoretical information on environmental design in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection, as well as analysis of domestic and foreign experience in designing the object of study. The scientific novelty of the study is to clarify and systematize the basic techniques and features of interior solutions formation of IT centers in the context of protection against coronavirus infections. Conclusions. An activity office is a flexible workspace that provides employees with a variety of jobs, and they can use this space according to the tasks assigned to them. Trends in the environment design of IT centers in the context of the coronavirus pandemic are actively formed and disseminated among production managers and designers. The main priorities of the design are the safety of workers while maintaining their psychological comfort and efficiency, environmental friendliness, aesthetics, and the use of innovative materials and technologies. We consider the following to be the most effective design techniques: zoning a large room with the help of mobile transparent partitions or individual closed capsules for workers while reducing the size of the work area per person; the use of the method of “hot desking”, in which the space remains open, increases the size of the work area per person, but reduces the number of people who are in the office at the same time; introduction of contactless systems for passing between rooms and calling elevators (use of voice control devices with a speaker; smartphone, smartwatch, face recognition systems); installation of engineering structures for ventilation and disinfection of surfaces, which should be beaten by aesthetic design; application in coverings of walls, ceilings, and floors of rooms, and also surfaces of furniture of materials and technologies of antiviral cleaning.
 Infection control and safety protocols used during the pandemic are becoming the standard for new projects by designers and architects. Thus, the pandemic marked the beginning of a new era in office interior design.

Cloud Computing Transformation Considering Operational Efficiency

Companies that have their own IT Center built and operated an on-premise system. But recently, cloud computing is considered to secure system reliability and reduce management costs. IT resources can be efficiently utilized and paid for used. Therefore, companies were deploying and migrating their intranet services to cloud servers. However, it is also true that cloud migration makes system complexity increase, and system reliability is compromised by the increase of management points. Cloud computing for each service unit was considered as a way to meet an efficient utilization of IT resources without compromising existing system reliability when providing new services. Cloud system enables real-time orchestration, and has excellent security. As a hybrid method that implemented cloud computing while maintaining the existing infrastructure, it was possible to operate an uninterrupted system as a result of system construction, and security was also enhanced. Cloud computing used to as a service unit, that both operational efficiency and functionality can be satisfied.

Problem Solving and Digital Transformation: Acquiring Skills through Pretend Play in Kindergarten

One of the crucial 21st-century digital skills, in the context of digital transformation, is problem solving—equally so in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). In the context of kindergarten, learning through play is central; therefore, pretend play, and particularly guided pretend play, is suggested as an innovative way to foster skills for digital problem solving. As yet, the potential of pretend play for children’s learning about digital transformation and digital problem-solving processes has hardly been researched. The paper examines how children solve digital problems in guided pretend play. In an explorative intervention study “We play the future”, an information technology center (IT center) is introduced as one of the play corners for pretend play in kindergartens, together with other inputs such as a smart home corner (Internet of Things) or autonomous vehicles. Children’s play was video recorded. From the 15 participating kindergartens, 13 h of sequences involving the IT center were analyzed using content analysis. The findings indicate that children identify problems in a play situation and solve them using problem-solving strategies, such as devising new applications and installing software. Furthermore, the findings show that the kindergarten teacher’s participation in the pretend play is important for enabling longer and more complex problem-solving processes. Consequences for further teacher training to foster problem-solving skills during guided pretend play are discussed.

Chapter 1 LHAASO Instruments and Detector technology * *Supported by National Natural Science Foundation in China (NSFC) (U2031103, U1831208, 11805209, 11775233), NSFC for Distinguished Young Scholars (12025502), the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2021YFSY0031) and the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (113111KYSB20170055)

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) (Fig. 1) is located at Mt. Haizi (4410 m a.s.l., 600 g/cm2, 29° 21’ 27.56” N, 100° 08’ 19.66” E) in Daocheng, Sichuan province, P.R. China. LHAASO consists of 1.3 km2 array (KM2A) of electromagnetic particle detectors (ED) and muon detectors (MD), a water Cherenkov detector array (WCDA) with a total active area of 78,000 m2, 18 wide field-of-view air Cherenkov telescopes (WFCTA) and a newly proposed electron-neutron detector array (ENDA) covering 10,000 m2. Each detector is synchronized with all the other through a clock synchronization network based on the White Rabbit protocol. The observatory includes an IT center which comprises the data acquisition system and trigger system, the data analysis facility. In this Chapter, all the above-mentioned components of LHAASO as well as infrastructure are described.

Poczatki Internetu w Polsce

On August 17 1991, Poland was included in the global Internet network. It happened at the Faculty of Physics,University ofWarsaw, using the physical link from the University of Warsaw IT Center to the University of Copenhagen. It became possible because the Faculty of Physics was the first in the country to have an Internet network built under the COCOS research grant. The COCOS team was led by Roman Szwed, and Rafał Pietrak was a member of the team that directly configured and connected the national node to the global Internet.

Electrocardiographic findings in COVID-19: analysis of tele-ECGs in Moscow ECG IT Center

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) affects the cardiovascular system and the primary damage to the respiratory system involved in the pathological process. However, in the available literature, the electrocardiography (ECG) analyses are based only on small-sample studies and case reports, which determine the relevance of larger-scale studies to clarify the nature and prevalence of ECG abnormalities in subjects with confirmed coronavirus infection.
 AIM: To determine the distribution of ECG changes in COVID-19 patients representing a non-selective population of Moscow residents.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of ECGs from 42,799 patients from March 10, 2020 to March 10, 2021 with a verified diagnosis of COVID-19 was performed. The study included patients admitted to Moscow clinical hospitals connected to the ECG IT Center. A standard 12-lead ECG was obtained and transmitted via an Internet connection to the server of the ECG IT Center, where the ECG interpretation was performed.
 RESULTS: ECG changes were detected in 54% of patients. The most common cardiac arrhythmias were supraventricular extrasystole (12.6%) and atrial fibrillation (12.0%) reported in patients. Signs of the overloaded right heart were detected in 12.5% of cases, of which the ECG pattern of pulmonary embolism was confirmed in 485 patients (1.13%). Infarction ECG pattern was observed in 4.5% of patients, among which 3 cases of Brugada ECG pattern were reported. The incidence of ST-T changes was 2.2% of all study patients. Prolonged QT and QTc intervals were recorded in 540 patients (1.26%). In addition, individual cases of ventricular fibrillation, Frederick syndrome, and atrioventricular block of various degrees were reported.
 CONCLUSION: The distribution of incidence of ECG changes in COVID-19 was shown based on the data obtained. The high incidence of atrial fibrillation, which is a risk factor for thromboembolic complications, was confirmed. Moreover, a significant prevalence of ECG patterns of overloaded right heart was shown, some are associated with pulmonary embolism. Other reported ECG changes were characterized by a significantly lower prevalence, which does not reduce their clinical significance. The data obtained may be used to improve COVID-19 patient management strategy in the future.

Digital simulation trial of hydroisostasy by finite element method

Hydroisostasy as a geodynamic phenomenon was discovered along investigation sea level changes of the World
 Ocean as result of intakes water to glaciers during Glacial period and releasing back during Interglacials. The water loads
 under sea level changes influenced the change of solid Earth shape and make the contribution to the vertical Earth crust
 movement along shorelines areas. A vertical shorelines movements are critical issue of the longtime living infrastructure coast
 facilities design with the overflooding and overdrainage forecast.
 The main method of hydroisostasy phenomenon investigation is remain the digital simulation. The global character of phenomenon
 require simulation involving all planet volume and detail accounting of the lithosphere and mantle layers features
 for each region which is forced to use 3-D modeling with high resolution and require big computing resources.
 Finite element method with ability to assign boundary conditions allow to use local-regions models with enough resolutions
 and take into accounts local lithosphere and mantle features without involving big computing resources.
 One of the free software packs with open code and possibility applying FEM for geodynamics simulations is — ELMER, software
 designed and supported by Finland CSC — IT CENTER FOR SCIENCE LTD.
 The trial applying of ELMER software packs for modeling hydroisostasy phenomenon for Earth interior conditions close to
 Deryugin depression in Okhotsk sea in this study has done. A plausible and encouraging result obtained for continuation of
 research in more detail.

АНГЛОМОВНИЙ ПУТІВНИК ЯК МАТЕРІАЛ ДЛЯ ЗДОБУТТЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНИХ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЙ СТУДЕНТАМИ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ СЕРІЇ ВИДАНЬ AWESOME UKRAINE)

The article is devoted to the issues of learning English by students of bachelor’s specialty “Tourism” and «Hotel and restaurant business». Since foreign language proficiency is one of the main competencies for a student of this specialty, the question of the methodology of its study is extremely relevant. In this article the specifics of the ‘Awesome Ukraine’ English guide-book is being researched. In English-speaking guides the specifics of the target audience should be carefully taken into consideration, since not all tourists are fluent in English as a foreign language. Therefore, for students of ‘Tourism” and “Hotel and restaurant business” specialties referring to an English-language guide-book would be of a valuable assistance in methodological and linguistic aspects. Students will not only assimilate information about a certain monument or location, but will also adopt the proper way to present facts, assimilate necessary language patterns, and learn to apply them in practice. The publication makes an editorial, linguistic and methodological analysis of the ‘AWESOME UKRAINE’ series. These seven publications tell foreigners about Ukraine, it’s most attractive and interesting locations, present one of the most respected IT centers. All of that can be used during lectures and practical classes for various English-language disciplines as didactic material. Text content in all editions is laconic; the material is described in simple and accessible English. One article about a certain monument or location occupies one-page spread, which is convenient for perception. Each topic material is illustrated with a thematic photo. The series is competently created, has a thoroughly thought-out concept for the embodiment of the text and illustrative material. The article demonstrates that the capabilities of a modern guide-book are able to perform not only informative but also a communicative function of a mediator in intercultural communication. Thanks to this fact, it becomes possible to effectively use this potential in the formation of basic competences and skills to productively implement professional activities for future professionals in tourism and hospitality industry.