IT Background Research Articles

Pishu Tebe Digital Archive

The paper examines the contribution of the Pishu Tebe project to the digitization of historical postcards. Pishu Tebe contains 45000 marked-up postcards and is thus one of the largest projects involved in postcard digitization. The principal innovation proposed and successfully implemented by Pishu Tebe is a multidimensional approach to digital preservation of postcards as cultural entities. In contrast to other initiatives, Pishu Tebe builds a digital archive opening the way for analyzing all kinds of postcard-related data: visual, textual, chronological, geographical and personal (sender/recipient’s names). The paper starts with a discussion of the place of Pishu Tebe in contemporary postcards studies, its conceptual methodology and IT background. It describes then the key phases of the digitization process and identifies major challenges faced by a voluntary digitization project. In the end, the paper presents quantitative and qualitative results of Pishu Tebe and outlines further plans.

No IT Background? No Problem: Develop Your HRM Application Using Google Workspace

An organization can boost its human resource management performance by implementing digital technology. While such notion is widely acceptable, in practice, not all organizations can afford the technology. For small medium enterprises, digital technology for HRM can be costly. Neither having their own IT team nor outsourcing the project to a third party is within the budget for most SMEs. If there was any budget for digital technology, most SMEs would prefer the technology that can lower production costs and increase revenue. The author seeks a way to empower SMEs’ HR people, who usually have no IT background, with Application Development Capability, thus increasing their productivity. This situation raises 2 questions: 1) Is there any possibility of developing a digital application for employees without IT background? 2) If such a thing is possible, will the non-IT HR employees be able to learn the method and implement it in their daily activities? The literature discusses how to empower people without IT background with application development capability being still scarce. This study reveals that free Google Workspace applications can be used to create a tailor-made application. When people fill in the google form and click the Submit button, the data can be automatically processed to meet our purpose and in a couple of minutes, if not faster, the report is automatically sent to the designated email address. The second finding makes it clear that, following this method, the non-IT HR employees are able to develop HR applications on their own.

Master One’s Craft: CEOs With IT Backgrounds and Firm Digital Innovation

Master One’s Craft: CEOs With IT Backgrounds and Firm Digital Innovation

Evaluasi Implementasi Program PANDAWA pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

The PANDAWA program is a public service policy innovation at the West Pasaman Regency Population and Civil Registry Service. This program was created as a solution to limited access and the long distance people travel to get public services to the Disdukcapil office. This research aims to evaluate the implementation process of the PANDAWA Program at the West Pasaman Regency Dukcapil Office. This research uses qualitative methods by prioritizing primary data from interviews with informants, with the application of George C. Edward III's theory. Data collection techniques use interviews and observation. The research results show (1) communication: transition, clarity of information and consistency is implemented effectively. (2) disposition shows an attitude of commitment and meets expectations (3) The bureaucratic structure has clear SOPs and fragmentation. (4) Resources include staff who still need personnel who have an IT or computer educational background that is linear with the program, for facilities such as computers, additional procurement of better quality is necessary. Lastly, for network facilities disdukcapil must apply for addtional network capacity to the west West Pasaman Communication and Information Services as an institution that facilitates internet networks for all West Pasaman Regency local government organization. So that with this innovation we can create excellent services for the community.

Mitigating Biases in Training Data: Technical and Legal Challenges for Sub-Saharan Africa

The study examines the challenges of mitigating biases in AI training data within Sub-Saharan Africa. A qualitative research approach with semi-structured interviews was employed to gather insights from eight participants with law, IT, and academic background. Thematic analysis was utilised to categorise the data into key themes, revealing insights into the complexities of developing fair AI technologies that reflect the socio-cultural diversity of the region. The findings emphasise the importance of incorporating local values and ethical considerations into AI development and highlight the need for enhanced collaborative efforts to establish resilient, culturally sensitive AI governance frame-works. The research contributes to the broader discourse on ethical AI deployment in diverse global contexts.

Is faster really better? The impact of digital transformation speed on firm financial distress: Based on the cost-benefit perspective

Based on the cost–benefit perspective, this study theoretically analyzes and empirically examines the influence of digital transformation speed on firm financial distress. We find that digital transformation speed has a U-shaped relationship with firm financial distress. In addition, after considering the moderating effect of CEO IT background, we find that not only does the effect of digital transformation speed on firm financial distress but, more importantly, their relationship also undergoes a shape-flip from the original U-shape to an inverted U-shape. Finally, we find that CEO power weakens the moderating effect of CEO IT background on the relationship between digital transformation speed and firm financial distress. Our research not only helps to advance theoretical and empirical research on digital transformation but also provides important empirical insights for understanding the economic consequences of accelerating digital transformation, which can be beneficial for digital transformation firms’ managers, investors, and other stakeholders.

The impact of directors' information technology experience on the financing constraints of internet start-ups-Data mining with python on the China's New OTC market.

In the era of Internet information technology, the IT background of directors plays a significant role in corporate governance. However, existing research lacks sufficient discussion on the financing constraints faced by Internet startups. This paper examines Internet entrepreneurial enterprises listed on the New Third Board as the research sample. Using content analysis coding methods and Python software for text mining, the study empirically analyzes the impact of directors' IT backgrounds and media reports on the financing constraints of these enterprises. The results indicate the following: First, directors with IT backgrounds help reduce the financing constraints of Internet startups. The higher the directors' proficiency in information technology, the more favorable it is for obtaining financing. Second, directors with IT backgrounds have a significant positive impact on the tone of media reports. Third, the tone of media reports reflects the spirit and development of the enterprises, serving as a mediating factor between directors' IT backgrounds and the financing constraints of the enterprises. The findings of this study are valuable for guiding Internet startups to better leverage the IT expertise of their directors. Additionally, they provide useful insights for reducing the financing constraints faced by these startups.

Master One's Craft: CEOs With IT Backgrounds and Firm Digital Innovation

Master One's Craft: CEOs With IT Backgrounds and Firm Digital Innovation

Attention to Digital Innovation: Exploring the Impact of a Chief Information Officer in the Top Management Team

We draw on the attention-based view of the firm to examine whether and when the presence of a CIO in the TMT has a positive effect on both firms’ ideated digital innovation (IDI) (i.e., the intensity of firms’ digital patenting activity) and commercialized digital innovation (CDI) (i.e., the digital sophistication of firms’ new products). Building on the idea that attention processes are context dependent, we also explore the moderating roles of CEO characteristics (IT background and role tenure) as well as environmental characteristics (the industry’s IT attention). We analyze data from a cross-industry panel of U.S. S&P 500 firms over eight years that includes up to 2,852 firm-year observations. The results indicate that CIO presence in the TMT is positively related to a firm’s IDI and CDI. Furthermore, they show that the organizational context related to CEO characteristics moderates the CIO-CDI relationship and that the environmental context related to the industry’s IT attention moderates the CIO-IDI relationship. Our research contributes to the information systems literature by providing robust evidence that CIO presence in the TMT positively influences a firm’s digital innovation outcomes, showing how internal and external boundary conditions affect the work of CIOs, and elaborating the role of managerial attention as an underlying mechanism explaining digital innovation.

Chairman's IT background and enterprise digital transformation: Evidence from China

This paper explores the impact of the chairman's IT background on the digital transformation of enterprise. We find that the chairman's IT background helps facilitate the digital transformation of enterprises. This effect is more pronounced in firms with more powerful chairmen and higher uncertainty in the firm's environment. Further evidence suggests that chairmen with IT career experience are more effective in leading the digital transformation of enterprises than chairmen with IT educational experience. This study contributes to the existing literature on the economic implications of a board chairman's personal attributes, offers insights into Chinese business leaders' IT practices.

The Impact of Job Satisfaction on Job Performance of Tax Officials: An Empirical Study in Vietnam

Purpose: The level of employee satisfaction with the use of e-tax systems is a major factor influencing the success of such systems. While studies typically focus on taxpayers' perspectives, this research investigates the influence of perceived ease of use, IT background, incentives, and social influence on tax officials’ job performance, mediated by tax officials’ job satisfaction. Theoretical framework: The research is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to propose the research model which analyze the impact of job satisfaction on job performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative approach was adopted, involving surveys administered to tax officials in Vietnam. The study analyzed 250 valid responses using Cronbach's test, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings: The research revealed that all four factors significantly influence job performance through job satisfaction of tax officials in Vietnam. These findings provide valuable insights for tax authorities to improve job performance. Research, Practical & Social implications: The research results contribute to other countries with similar characteristics in devising strategies to enhance employee performance. However, its limitations include its generalizability to other e-tax systems and countries. Future research with a larger sample size could bolster the applicability of these findings nationally. Originality/Value: The research suggests tax authorities to support tax officials improve their professional skills; improve the regulations, policies on salary and bonus for tax officials; assist tax officials in using the e-tax system; implement effective communication.

Developing a Body Count IOT Sensor and Future Evolution of IOT

The term digital is now becoming the prefix for everything done traditionally. With technology continuing to advance, it is likely that it will become an increasingly important part of many industries. However, it is important to consider the potential consequences of technology and automation and take steps to mitigate them. This paper portrays the demerits in metro system which is designed to provide efficient and convenient service to its passengers. However, a limitation has been observed in the ticketing machines, where multiple people can pass through with just one ticket. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem by implementing a body count sensor to ensure only one person can pass through with each ticket. This solution has the potential to significantly improve the experience of commuters and could serve as a model for similar transportation systems in other cities. We also done some survey on students with IT background to see how much of the generation is aware of technology and to get insights about future of IOT.

The Effect of Enterprise Digital Transformation on Green Technology Innovation: A Quantitative Study on Chinese Listed Companies

Promoting enterprise digital transformation is of great significance in accelerating the innovation capability of green technology and boosting green and low-carbon economic development. Therefore, based on the textual analysis of enterprise annual reports, the measurement index of enterprise digital transformation was constructed, and combined with the data of listed, A-share companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2021, a quantitative study was conducted on the relationship between enterprise digital transformation and green technology innovation. The quantitative study shows that there is a significant positive correlation between enterprise digital transformation and green technology innovation. The CEO IT background plays a positive moderating role between digital transformation and green technology innovation in enterprises. Based on the quantitative study from the perspective of fiscal incentives, it was found that different fiscal incentive policies play different roles in an enterprises’ digital transformation and green technology innovation; that is, government subsidies play an intermediary role between the two, and tax preferences play a positive moderating role between the two. This research enriches the mechanism analysis between enterprise digital transformation and green technology innovation, and it provides a useful exploration for the further promotion of both enterprise digital transformation and green technology innovation.

Machine learning-based automation of accounting services: An exploratory case study

Machine Learning (ML) applied to Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and chatbot interfaces can generate significant value for many business processes. However, these technologies generate the intended return only with a carefully planned deployment. Current literature only contains a small number of case studies about how the adoption of ML-based automation services impacts employees’ behavior. In particular, no case studies look into the automation of manual tasks related to accounting management. This article reports a study conducted to understand users’ perceptions of an ML-enabled service to automate repetitive management tasks. The service was developed in a partnership between Unisinos University and Dell Inc. The study was conducted with a group of ten highly skilled employees from Dell with expertise in accounting processes and with IT background that frequently would use the automation service. The group participated in a presentation about the service and its interface and voluntarily answered a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaire to evaluate the usability and ease of use. Results show that 10 out of 10 users agree that the service was easy to use. Also, 8 of them agree that its output is useful to reduce the manual labor required for statutory reconciliation. Furthermore, employees with an accounting management background were given access to the service, and three voluntarily answered an open-ended survey. In summary, employees agree that an automation service can reduce the time required to conduct management tasks but questioned the long-term usefulness and the ability to incorporate the process’s particularities. These results provided insights leading to ten lessons related to user experience, training and awareness, and service development.

Digitalization and green innovation of enterprises: Empirical evidence from China

With the acceleration of the digital technology construction process, digitalization has given impetus to the transformation and upgrading of China’s economy and micro businesses. China’s social and economic sectors have begun to integrate and develop in-depth with digital technology. Whether the digitalization of enterprises can drive their green innovation is an urgent question to be explored. The aim of our study is to answer this question and investigate whether digitalization has finally affected corporate green innovation. On the basis of theoretical discussion, the data of 3,547 Chinese listed companies from 2014 to 2019 were selected as samples. The fixed effect model was used to empirically test the relationship between digitization and green innovation, and then the intermediary effect model was used to analyze the influence mechanism. Research has found that digitalization is genuinely driving green innovation in business. After the robustness test, the conclusion remains the same. In order to deepen the understanding of the impact of digitalization on the green innovation of enterprises, this study additionally analyzed the impact mechanism. We find that digitization can promote corporate green innovation by easing corporate financing constraints and enhancing corporate awareness of fulfilling social responsibility. Moreover, we also find that the impact of digitalization on firm performance is more obvious in the samples with high level of internal control, state-owned enterprises and senior executives with IT background. The findings of this study enrich the related theories of digitalization and sustainability and provide empirical evidence for the positive externalities of digitalization.

Investigation and Countermeasures Research of Hospital Information Construction of Tertiary Class-A Public Hospitals in China: Questionnaire Study

Medical informatization has initially demonstrated its advantages in improving the medical service industry. Over the past decade, the Chinese government have made a lot of effort to complete infrastructural information construction in the medical and health domain, and smart hospitals will be the next priority according to policies released by Chinese government in recent years. To provide strategic support for further development of medical information construction in China, this study aimed to investigate the current situation of medical information construction in tertiary class-A public hospitals and analyze the existing problems and countermeasures. This study surveyed 23 tertiary class-A public hospitals in China who voluntarily responded to a self-designed questionnaire distributed in April 2020 to investigate the current medical information construction status. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the current configurations of hospital information department, hospital information systems, hospital internet service and its application, and the satisfaction of hospital information construction. Interviews were also conducted with the respondents in this study for requirement analysis. The results show that hospital information construction has become one of the priorities of the hospitals' daily work, and the medical information infrastructural construction and internet service application of the hospitals are good; however, a remarkable gap among the different level of hospitals can be observed. Although most hospitals had built their own IT team to undertake information construction work, the actual utilization rate of big data collected and stored in the hospital information system was not satisfactory. Support for the construction of information technology in primary care institutions should be increased to balance the level of development of medical informatization in medical institutions at all levels. The training of complex talents with both IT and medical backgrounds should be emphasized, and specialized disease information standards should be developed to lay a solid data foundation for data utilization and improve the utilization of medical big data.

DrGA: cancer driver gene analysis in a simpler manner

BackgroundTo date, cancer still is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, in which the cumulative of genes carrying mutations was said to be held accountable for the establishment and development of this disease mainly. From that, identification and analysis of driver genes were vital. Our previous study indicated disagreement on a unifying pipeline for these tasks and then introduced a complete one. However, this pipeline gradually manifested its weaknesses as being unfamiliar to non-technical users, time-consuming, and inconvenient.ResultsThis study presented an R package named DrGA, developed based on our previous pipeline, to tackle the mentioned problems above. It wholly automated four widely used downstream analyses for predicted driver genes and offered additional improvements. We described the usage of the DrGA on driver genes of human breast cancer. Besides, we also gave the users another potential application of DrGA in analyzing genomic biomarkers of a complex disease in another organism.ConclusionsDrGA facilitated the users with limited IT backgrounds and rapidly created consistent and reproducible results. DrGA and its applications, along with example data, were freely provided at https://github.com/huynguyen250896/DrGA.

The investment strategies of fund managers without business or IT background. evidence from China

ABSTRACT This study examines the investment strategies of fund managers without business or IT background. The non-professional managers are inclined to pursue higher returns but with greater volatility. They are aggressive in the bull market while cautious in the bear market. With their participation, the funds could gain significantly higher abnormal returns even in economic downturns. The superior performance can be attributed to their management style. The non-professional managers would avoid being multi-tasked unless the financial market is thriving, while the professional ones would simultaneously operate several funds in general.

The transfer and storage of information with the help of dominating sets in graph, with particular regard to the organization of transport

In this work, we present some proposals for the transfer and storage of information with the help of dominating sets in graph. In traffic science, the right flow of information is very important: the right person must receive the information at the right time, with the help of which the necessary decision can be made. It is important to note that many disasters could have been prevented or avoided with the appropriate flow of information. If we also add to this that the necessary theoretical results are available and the flow of information can be ensured with minimal financial expenditure, then it becomes clear why publications of this nature are so important. Of course, there are several methods and approaches for theoretical descriptions, but all of them can be used and none of them can be said to be the best: they all have their advantages. Thus we select the method, which our needs and we use the appropriate IT background.

The early development of new ventures with IT-focused founders

Some of today's most prominent organizations were founded by individuals with a strong IT background; a group of people often subject to stereotypes that significantly deviate from the hip and extroverted entrepreneurs' image and, thus, failed to gain attention in extant research so far. Consequently, this study investigates the development of new ventures founded by individuals with an IT background over time. We apply a novel machine learning approach to identify functional-related job positions using data obtained from LinkedIn and track the development of 333 ventures over six years on a monthly basis. Our empirical results show that ventures founded by individuals with an IT background tend to create more IT-related positions in their organizations and have a higher likelihood of receiving first-round VC funding, while we find no significant effect for the second round. The share of IT-related positions has an inverted U-shape effect on the likelihood of receiving first-round VC funding and a negative effect regarding the second round. Our findings highlight the need to invest in non-product related organizational functions for entrepreneurs with an IT background. Avenues for future research include extending the observation period beyond six years and using other operationalizations of IT-related positions.