Integration Issues Research Articles

The role of electronic data capture systems in clinical trials: Streamlining data integrity and improving compliance with FDA and ICH/GCP guidelines

This study investigates the transformative role of Electronic Data Capture (EDC) systems in clinical trials, emphasizing their impact on data integrity, compliance with regulatory standards, and the efficiency of trial processes. The purpose of the research was to critically analyze how EDC systems align with FDA and ICH/GCP guidelines, addressing the complexities of modern clinical trials. By conducting a detailed literature review, the study explores the benefits, challenges, and technological advancements associated with EDC systems. Key findings highlight the significant advantages of EDC systems in enhancing data accuracy, real-time monitoring, and facilitating regulatory compliance through secure data management and audit trails. The study also identifies several challenges, including high implementation costs, data privacy concerns, and integration issues with other digital trial technologies. Technological advancements, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and decentralized trial models, are explored as promising solutions to these limitations, offering new avenues for optimizing clinical trial management. The study concludes that EDC systems have revolutionized clinical trials, streamlining data collection and analysis while ensuring compliance with stringent regulatory requirements. It recommends continued investment in EDC technologies, enhanced training for trial staff, and the integration of cutting-edge innovations to ensure future clinical trials' success.

A data-driven operations management model: Implementing MIS for strategic decision making in tech businesses

In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, data-driven decision-making is critical for business growth and competitiveness. This paper presents a comprehensive operations management model that integrates Management Information Systems (MIS) to facilitate strategic decision-making in technology firms. The proposed model emphasizes the transformation of raw data into actionable insights, enabling organizations to optimize their operations and respond effectively to market dynamics. By systematically incorporating MIS into operational frameworks, the model provides a structured approach to data collection, analysis, and dissemination. It identifies key performance indicators (KPIs) that are essential for monitoring business performance and aligning operational activities with strategic objectives. Through case studies of leading tech companies, the model illustrates how data-driven methodologies can lead to improved forecasting, resource allocation, and overall operational efficiency. The framework is designed to be adaptable, allowing technology firms to customize the MIS components based on their unique business needs and market conditions. Key features of the model include real-time data analytics, predictive modeling, and user-friendly dashboards that enhance visibility across departments. These components empower decision-makers with timely and relevant information, fostering a culture of informed decision-making at all organizational levels. Moreover, the model addresses common challenges faced by tech businesses, such as data silos and integration issues. By promoting a centralized data repository and standardized reporting mechanisms, it enhances collaboration among teams and ensures consistency in data interpretation. The implications of this model extend beyond operational efficiency, influencing strategic initiatives such as product development, market expansion, and customer engagement. In conclusion, this data-driven operations management model not only supports strategic decision-making in technology firms but also positions them for sustainable growth in a competitive marketplace. By leveraging MIS effectively, organizations can harness the power of data to drive innovation and enhance overall business performance.

Therapeutic liver cell transplantation to treat murine PKU.

For gene therapy of the liver, in vivo applications based on adeno-associated virus are the most advanced vectors despite limitations, including low efficacy and episomal loss, potential integration and safety issues, and high production costs. Alternative vectors and/or delivery routes are of high interest. The regenerative ability of the liver bears the potential for ex vivo therapy using liver cell transplantation for disease correction if provided with a selective advantage to expand and replace the existing cell mass. Here we present such treatment of a mouse model of human phenylketonuria (PKU). Primary hepatocytes from wild-type mice were gene modified in vitro (with a lentiviral vector) that carries a gene editing system (CRISPR) to inhibit Cypor. Cypor inactivation confers paracetamol (or acetaminophen) resistance to hepatocytes and thus a growth advantage to eliminate the pre-existing liver cells upon grafting (via the spleen) and exposure to repeated treatment with paracetamol. Grafting Cypor-inactivated wild-type hepatocytes into inbred young adult enu2 (PKU) mice, followed by selective expansion by paracetamol dosing, resulted in replacing up to 5% of cell mass, normalization of blood phenylalanine, and permanent correction of PKU. Hepatocyte transplantation offers thus an armamentarium of novel therapy options for genetic liver defects.

3D Data Integration in the Voxel Domain

Abstract. The interest in 3D data integration is growing as the concept of Spatial Digital Twins gains traction among local governments and stakeholders. Spatial data is typically organized into standardised themes such as buildings, transport, and vegetation, or as ad hoc data products in either 2D or 3D dimensions. However, integrating these data sets into a cohesive 3D model presents several challenges. The foundational data sets may vary in terms of accuracy, resolution, representation, and actuality due to differences in creation standards and procedures. Consequently, inconsistencies often arise within the 3D models, making them difficult to identify and rectify. Many of these data integration issues can be traced back to the 3D vector representation. Vector 3D models exhibit significant geometric diversity, which complicates the computational operations required for examining and validating the models. In this paper, we propose a novel voxel-based approach for integrating 3D data. Voxels, analogous to pixels in 2D raster images, inherit several key properties. We employ a dedicated voxel data structure and a set of operations tailored for this purpose. First, we voxelise vector datasets, converting continuous geometric information into discrete voxel representations. Next, we merge voxel layers using a specialized voxel overlay operation. The resulting 3D model adheres to most validity and integrity requirements. To highlight the flexibility of our voxel data structure, we transformed it into point clouds for visualisation in ArcGIS Pro, enabling the addition of 3D base maps and GIS layers. We then published these datasets to Scene Services, granting public access. This allows users to easily explore the 3D scenes through a web browser, making complex geographic data more accessible. By leveraging voxels, our approach facilitates efficient and accurate 3D data integration, making it a valuable contribution to the field.

UK Khat Prohibition and the Making of a Harmful Drug

This article delves into the complex dynamics of khat (Catha edulis) prohibition in the UK, with a particular focus on a Somali community in north-west London. Despite the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs finding no substantial evidence of khat causing societal or medical harms and recommending public health interventions instead of prohibition, the UK Home Office classified khat as a Class C drug in June 2014. This decision raises critical questions about what constitutes a harmful drug. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted during the peak of prohibition discourse in 2013–14, the article explores how notions of harm operate across moral, political, and epistemological registers as people grapple with framing khat’s drug status and the effects of its use. It illustrates how prohibition discourse not only amplified perceptions of khat’s harmfulness but also sidelined the more nuanced concerns of Somali community members over persistent socioeconomic integration issues, mental health, and social marginalisation. Thus, the harm of khat may not lie in its potency as a psychoactive substance but as an object of prohibition that overshadows interventions to address the adverse conditions associated with its use among certain individuals.

АУДИТ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ РИНКОВОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ В УПРАВЛІННІ КЛАСТЕРАМИ

The article discusses the issue of the audit of the implementation of market infrastructure in the management of clusters, which is a key factor for increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of modern economic systems. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the role of market infrastructure in the development of cluster formations, which contributes to the synergistic effect, the unification of enterprises, scientific institutions and other business entities to achieve common economic goals. The purpose of the study is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of market infrastructure in the management of clusters and determine its impact on the effectiveness of the functioning of cluster formations in Kyrgyzstan. The main attention is paid to the assessment of infrastructural components, such as logistics, financial services, information technology and institutional support, which ensure the competitiveness and sustainable development of clusters in the conditions of the modern economy. The object of the study is auditing methods and approaches used to assess the effectiveness and risks of innovative processes of introducing market infrastructure during cluster management. Research methods: logical and meaningful method, methods of comparison, systematization, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, coefficient method. The main hypothesis of the follow-up. Effective implementation of market infrastructure in the management of clusters has a positive effect on their competitiveness and ability to adapt to changes in the economic environment. The lack of proper infrastructure or its shortcomings can significantly limit the potential of clusters in achieving a synergistic effect and ensuring economic growth. Present of the main material. The authors highlight methodological approaches to the audit of market infrastructure, including the analysis of key indicators such as logistics and information networks, financial and credit institutions, as well as government support mechanisms. The importance of conducting an audit to identify problematic aspects that prevent the efficient functioning of clusters and to develop recommendations for their elimination is substantiated. Originality and practical significance. The study also presents the results of the analysis of the impact of the introduction of market infrastructure on the competitiveness of clusters and their ability to adapt to changes in the global economic environment. The issue of integration of cluster strategies with regional and national economic plans was separately considered. On the basis of empirical data, conclusions are drawn regarding the effectiveness of infrastructure changes and practical recommendations for improving cluster management are offered. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The results of the audit show that the market infrastructure is a key element that contributes to the development of clusters, ensuring effective interaction between the participants of the cluster association, improving their productivity and competitive advantages. Implementation of infrastructure components, such as modern information and communication technologies, financial institutions and logistics networks, is crucial for improving the efficiency of cluster management.

It Helps with Crap Lecturers and Their Low Effort: Investigating Computer Science Students’ Perceptions of Using ChatGPT for Learning

This study explores how computing science students (n = 335) use ChatGPT, their trust in its information, their navigation of plagiarism issues, and their confidence in addressing plagiarism and academic integrity. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative survey data with a qualitative thematic analysis of student comments to provide a comprehensive understanding of these issues. The findings reveal that ChatGPT has become integral to students’ academic routines, with 87.8% using it weekly with variable frequency. Most students (70.3%) believe the university should allow ChatGPT use, and 66.6% think it is fair to use it for academic purposes despite 57.4% distrusting its information. Additionally, 53.8% worry about accidentally plagiarising when using ChatGPT. Overall, students have moderate confidence in addressing these academic integrity issues, with no differences between undergraduate and postgraduate students. Male students reported higher confidence in handling plagiarism and academic integrity issues than female students, suggesting underlying differences in how students perceive and interact with generative AI technologies. A thematic analysis of 74 student comments on their ChatGPT experience revealed four themes: (a) Usage and Role of ChatGPT, (b) Ethical and Responsible Use, (c) Limitations and Accuracy, and (d) Impact on Education and Need for Clear Guidelines. This study contributes to the ongoing debate on accepting and using ChatGPT, highlighting the need for institutions to provide clear guidelines and ethical considerations to ensure responsible use within educational contexts.

La formación inicial del profesor para la ciudadanía en una universidad pública del Perú

Being a teacher today has regained new importance in the formation of citizens. On one hand, we want individuals who are critical and committed to their time, and for this, it is essential to understand the world we live in, to position ourselves within these new contexts of change and regulations. We are participants in the global and national crises, migration and its integration issues, as well as the political, economic, social, and cultural tensions of each region—factors that should enable us to provide responses in educational settings through critical reflection and participatory action. This academic work presents a qualitative and descriptive approach, arising from the analysis of documents related to the educational policy of our country: the General Education Law of Peru, the National Education Project, curricular plans, as well as the syllabus of the History and Geography degree program at a public university, with the aim of identifying, categorizing, and analyzing the subjects where citizenship-related issues are addressed, either explicitly or implicitly. Finally, after conducting a documentary analysis of the syllabus from the History and Geography degree program at a public university in Lima, we present a discussion of the findings and the respective conclusions. It is important to mention that, regarding teacher training for citizenship, there are various Peruvian studies that provide a complementary perspective on the gaps between the teacher training intended to be provided at universities and the development of social science subjects in schools.

Affecters on Housing Prices: An Initial Review in Malaysia

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of the Malaysian housing market. Due to the issue of constantly high and expensive house prices, the study aims to integrate the possible macroeconomic causes as well as the integrity issue by focusing on three vital independent variables: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and Corruption Index (CRP). The research uses quantitative methods, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), to reveal nuanced correlations between these economic variables and house prices in Malaysia. The intriguing findings show that both FDI and CRP significantly influence house prices positively, aligning with existing literature. However, the unexpectedly insignificant correlation between GDP and house prices suggests a potential gap in understanding, adding a layer of intrigue to the research. These results and significant findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers and emphasize the importance of ongoing research to better grasp the complex factors shaping housing markets in different economic situations.

B-108 Delta Check Performance Assessment by Using Real-WorldData at the Temple University Health System​

Abstract Background Delta check is a post-analytic tool focusing on pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical errors. It can be sensitive in detecting isolated errors affecting a single patient, as opposed to moving patient averages, which is another QC tool for detecting errors that affect a cohort/population of patients. As a computer-based system on selected tests, delta checks are to detect excessive changes from prior value in the patient test result and to detect possible specimen errors such as misidentified or compromised samples before results are reported. It may also play a role in detecting examination(analytical) issues and clinically significant results. If delta checks exceed established limits, the result is flagged. There is a common agreement that measurands with low indices of individuality (<0.6) make good candidates for the identification of cases of sample misidentification than higher indices of individuality (>1.4). CLSI EP33 Use of Delta Checks in the Medical Laboratory guidelines recommends that laboratories assess the validity of current delta check parameters by reviewing retrospective data on flagged results to determine if errors are being identified efficiently. At Temple University Health System, delta check limits were established historically by using published data, however, its performance characteristics have not been verified previously. Verification of clinical performance of predefined delta check limits can be performed either through mathematical calculations or via clinical audits. Clinical audits are achieved by documenting the follow-up actions and outcomes of the samples flagged by a delta check rule(s). It has been suggested that this should be performed using a protocolized follow-up procedure to ensure uniformity in the investigation and management. Corey M. et al. shared an excel template, a mathematical model that can be adopted easily by replacing the example data with retrospectively extracted data and modifying the parameters to suit their laboratory’s requirements. Methods We collected up to 30,000 data points for each 12 measurand in the clinical chemistry lab retrospectively. By using the excel template, clinical sensitivity and clinical specificity has been calculated. Furthermore, we created ROC curves and evaluated them using the (YI) Youden Index and AUC (Area Under the Curve). Results In general, YI values were found to be very low, less than 0.6. Highest YI was used to establish new delta check limits for each analyte; only the current creatinine delta check limit was found as effective, and no change required. 11 out of 12 measurand were required a revision of delta check limits and were proposed to replace with lower delta checks. AUC values were found between 0.56-0.794. Na showed the highest AUC, which correlates its low individuality index (0.5) and its effects on effectiveness of the delta check system. Conclusions It is of vital importance to establish a solid follow-up evaluation for delta check alerts and distinguish between integrity issues and clinically significant changes. Conclusively, this endeavor can develop into extensive information for the application, evaluation, and follow-up of delta checks whilst improving diagnostic accuracy and quality assurance.

Why accommodate? How niche pressure and intra-party divisions shape mainstream party strategies

ABSTRACT Research demonstrates that mainstream parties often take up the issues and positions of emerging Eurosceptic and anti-immigration parties. Yet, these accommodative strategies generally do not pay off. Why do mainstream parties nevertheless accommodate these niche actors? I argue that mainstream-niche competition is governed by intra-party dynamics. The pressure exerted by niche parties alone does not suffice to drive internally united mainstream parties to accommodate. However, when mainstream parties face substantial intra-party divisions on the niche party’s issue, they may yield under internal pressure. I find empirical support for my theoretical claims on the issue of European integration using expert survey data on 78 mainstream parties in 14 Western European democracies between 1999 and 2019. The findings contribute to our understanding of the conditions under which niche parties are contagious and illustrate how intra-party divisions can steer parties away from vote-seeking strategies with consequences for voter representation.

Impact of Halal Supply Chain Management on Halal Integrity in Malaysia's TVET Food Industry

Ensuring the integrity of halal food is among the concerned issues of many Muslim consumers around the world especially on the authenticity of halal food products status. They are keen to know all the activities involved whether the products they purchase are genuinely halal along the supply chain. Although the issue of halal integrity is widely discussed within the halal food industry, the factors attract the attention of both the academic and halal practitioners remain ambiguous. Thus, this paper intends to assess the existing halal food supply chain management (HFSCM) and its influence on halal integrity assurance (HIA). Using quantitative approach, an industry pilots were empirically experimented to test the concepts and provide practical solutions for halal industry players to optimize their HIA in food and beverages (F&B) industries. The survey data was acquired from 121 halal F&B industries. Multiple linear regression technique was used to analyze the data. It was found that the HFSCM of F&B industries have a direct impact on HIA. The findings are set out to argue that new solutions are required to reduce the vulnerability for better optimization of HFSCM thus enhancing the HIA. Significantly, this study seen Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is critical in ensuring the sustainability of HFSCMspecially to cater demands among Muslim population.

Frequency and impact of incorrect data when assessing MR safety for patients with active implants

ProblemAn active implant is a medical device that includes a power source and provides diverse therapies to patients. Active implants are a source of risk to patients undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Institutions develop workflows to ensure devices are assessed for MR safety and scanned using acceptable acquisition parameters. Low data integrity can result in incorrect assessments and increased patient risk. Approach and InterventionThe rate of data integrity issues and their causes were not known at our institution. Between March 2020 and April 2023, a survey was distributed for each MR implant case recording the information used to assess MR safety of the implanted device. The leading cause of data integrity loss was incorrect vendor manual for the implant. A list of links to implant vendor manual repositories was added to our workflow in December of 2021 with instructions to always find the most recent version of the device manual. Outcomes749 patient records were reviewed by MR safety experts. Data integrity issues, i.e., a lack of complete and/or correct patient and implant information, occurred in 16% of cases and could impact MR safety (assessment or scanning) in 47% of those cases. A missing or incorrect manual was the leading cause of data integrity loss (78%). The incorrect manual problem initially worsened between October 2021 and March 2022 due to increased surveillance leading to more incorrect manuals being detected. The rate improved by August 2022 and remained high through March of 2023. Reducing the difficulty of finding implant vendor manuals by providing a list of links to vendor manual repositories along with guidance to pull the most recent manual version is an effective strategy to improve data integrity in MR safety workflows.

Intelligent Financial Management Systems Innovations and Applications in the Digital Era

With the advancement of digital transformation, intelligent financial management systems have played a significant role in improving the efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making capabilities of corporate financial management. This study explores the performance and impact of three intelligent financial management systems — Digital Processing Methods and Financial Reimbursement Document System (System A), Industrial Digitalization Industry Enterprise Growth Evaluation System (System B), and Cloud-based Intelligent Financial Management Tools (System C) — in practical applications through case study methods. The results show that these systems have significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of financial management, enhanced decision-making capabilities, and reduced operational costs through automated processes, data mining, and machine learning techniques. The study also points out challenges in the implementation process, such as data quality, user acceptance, and system integration issues, and predicts future development trends. Finally, the paper discusses the limitations of the research and proposes directions for future research.

EVALUATING THE SAMR MODEL FOR ENHANCING ICT INTEGRATION IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AT THE TERTIARY LEVEL A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Significantly impacted education, necessitating effective integration into teaching practices. This study examined the application of the Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition (SAMR) model to evaluate ICT integration in English Language Teaching (ELT) at the tertiary level. The research aimed to determine whether the SAMR model could enhance pedagogical practices beyond mere technology substitution and how it compared with the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model. This study addressed the issue of stagnant ICT integration in ELT, hypothesizing that the SAMR model provided a more robust framework for transformative technology use compared to the TPACK model. The study’s purpose was to assess the SAMR model’s effectiveness in advancing ICT integration in university-level ELT. Objectives included comparing SAMR with TPACK and identifying barriers to effective ICT use. A systematic literature review was conducted using six electronic databases covering the past decade (2013-2023). The review followed PRISMA guidelines with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Preliminary results revealed that while the SAMR model offered the potential for enhancing teaching practices, many educators remained at the substitution stage, mainly replacing traditional methods with technology without significant pedagogical changes. Challenges included insufficient training, institutional resistance, and lack of support. The findings underscored the need for extensive training, supportive policies, and continued research to improve ICT integration in higher education. This study contributes to understanding effective technology integration and provides recommendations for institutions seeking to elevate their teaching practices through meaningful ICT adoption. This research offers insights and practical recommendations for enhancing technology integration in higher education, focusing on overcoming current limitations and advancing teaching methodologies through the SAMR model.

DESIGNING A MICROSERVICES BASED ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE USING TOGAF 10: A CASE STUDY APPROACH

PT Umbara Karya Sejati, operating in the home living and industrial product sectors, faced significant digital transformation challenges, marked by inefficiencies due to system integration issues and vendor dependencies that incurred cost penalties of 10-15% each month. Addressing these challenges, this research developed an Enterprise Architecture using TOGAF 10's Microservices Architecture (MSA) from the Preliminary Phase to Phase F: Migration Planning. This approach aimed to enhance system integration and operational efficiency, thereby improving modularity and scalability while reducing reliance on external vendors. A pivotal component of this architecture, an API gateway, provided robust monitoring capabilities for integration processes, enabling quick identification and prioritization of critical issues, which will assist the internal IT team's workflow. Furthermore, the research planned the establishment of a DevOps team, incorporating Agile methodologies, and scheduled IT governance and data security training to prepare for future policy development and strengthen internal controls. This strategic design equips the organization to navigate the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) of market demands with agile and effective responses, projecting a 10% increase in both operational and cost efficiency for PT Umbara Karya Sejati.

Three-Dimensional Coupled Temporal Geomechanical Model for Fault-Reactivation and Surface-Deformation Evaluation during Reservoir Depletion and CO2 Sequestration, Securing Long-Term Reservoir Sustainability

Assessing reservoir subsidence due to depletion involves understanding the geological and geophysical processes that lead to ground subsidence as a result of reservoir fluid extraction. Subsidence is a gradual sinking or settling of the Earth’s surface, and it can occur when hydrocarbons are extracted from underground reservoirs. In this study, a time-integrated 3D coupled geomechanical modeling incorporating the fourth dimension—time—into traditional 3D geomechanical models has been constructed utilizing seismic inversion volumes and a one-dimensional mechanical Earth model (1D MEM). The 3D geomechanical model was calibrated to the 1D MEM results. Geomechanical rock properties were derived from the density and sonic log data that was distributed with conditioning to the seismic inversion volumes obtained from running pre-stack inversion. The standard elastic parameter equations were used to generate estimates of the elastic moduli. These properties are dynamic but have been converted to static values using additional equations used in the 1D MEM study. This included estimating the Unconfined Compressive Strength. In situ stresses were matched using different minimum horizontal principal stress gradients and horizontal principal stress ratios. The match is good except where the weak carbonate faults are close to the wells, where the Shmin magnitudes tend to decrease. The SHmax orientations were assessed from image log data and indicated to be 110° in the reservoir section. A time-integrated 3D coupled simulation was created using the finite-element method (FEM). The effective stresses increase while there is depletion in all directions, especially in the Z direction. The predicted compaction in the reservoir and overburden was 350 mm. Most of the compaction occurs at the reservoir level and dissipates towards the surface (seabed). Furthermore, the case displayed no shear failure that might cause or fault reactivation in the reservoir interval (Kangan–Dalan Formations) located in the simulated area. In this study, we applied an integrated and comprehensive geomechanical approach to evaluate subsidence, fault reactivation and stress alteration, while reservoir depletion was assessed using seismic inversion, well logs, and experiment data. The deformation monitoring of geological reservoirs, whether for gas storage or hazardous gas disposal, is essential due to the economic value of the stored assets and the hazardous nature of the disposed materials. This monitoring is vital for ensuring the sustainability of the reservoir by maintaining operational success and detecting integrity issues.

A continuous-discontinuous coupling computational method for multi-material mixtures

Considering the important role of particle-reinforced composites (PRCs), and to accurately assess the mechanical properties of PRC with arbitrarily complex internal structures, this paper proposes a new continuous-discontinuous coupled computational method, i.e., the multi-material integrated analysis (MIA) method, by combining the advantages of the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method, the numerical manifold method (NMM), and the meshless method, for the continuous-discontinuous dual state of this kind of materials when they are subjected to forces. The core idea of this method is by establishing a single physical cover (PC) on each particle and defining a unified and piecewise approximation function over it to achieve displacement coordination between the particles and the matrix. In this model, the particles can maintain the contact and separation characteristics like the blocks, while the matrix is able to achieve the bonding function by overlapping different covers. Two numerical integration schemes, namely single-point Gaussian integration and Monte Carlo integration, are proposed to address the integration issues in stiffness matrix calculations. Meanwhile by considering the similarity between NMM and meshless method interpolation function construction, this paper combines circular coverage and 0th-order moving least squares to construct the interpolation function to form the displacement approximation function for the whole solution space. Moreover, the method of lattice retrieval (also Nearest Neighbor Search, NNS) is invoked for particle contact determination to improve the efficiency of contact and coverage relationship determination. The validity of the model is verified by taking asphalt mixture, a typical PRC, as a demonstrative case study. The results show that the MIA method solves the one-sided problem that the existing algorithms usually only consider the continuous or discontinuous properties of PRC, and provides a new method for comprehensively analyzing the micromechanical response of PRC and solving its large deformation problem.

Exploring the Construction of University Campus Culture in the Multi-Campus Educational Setting

The establishment of new campuses has expanded the educational space, while bringing about integration and connection issues in campus culture across different campuses, questioning the homogeneity of university campuses. The main issue facing the construction of campus culture in a multi-campus setting is how to address the coordination of cultural integration among multiple campuses to achieve uniform quality across campuses. Inheritance serves as the foundation of campus culture construction in a multi-campus setting, connection acts as the path, and innovation points the direction. Strategies such as cultural edification, value shaping, cultural exchange, and social interaction can be adopted to promote campus culture construction.

Does between-school tracking increase school segregation among migrant students? A difference-in-differences and multiverse analysis of international large-scale assessment data

ABSTRACT This study examines the role of educational tracking in shaping school segregation among first and second-generation migrants, a pressing issue for societal integration. Drawing on the pooled data from international student assessments (PISA, PIRLS, & TIMSS) from 1995 to 2019, we examine a total of 75 countries and assess the extent to which early tracking exacerbates segregation compared to more integrated school systems. Our analysis, based on a Difference-in-Differences approach, reveals no significant differences in migrant school segregation between tracked and integrated systems. Robustness checks, employing multiverse analyses, confirm the stability of our findings across alternative model specifications. However, considerable variation in migrant school segregation exists within both types of education systems. This underscores the importance of investigating additional factors beyond early tracking contributing to variation in migrant school segregation. Our study highlights the complex interplay between educational policies and migrant integration in school settings.