Child Protection Issues Research Articles

Reasons to care: Personal motivation as a key factor in the practice of the professional foster carer in Romania.

Personal motivation is a key factor in the service of foster care, impending both on the welfare of the child and on the satisfaction of the carer. This paper explores the benefits, challenges and dilemmas involved in the job of professional (i.e. state-supported) foster carer in Romania–a country where the issue of child protection has drawn a great deal of international attention over the last thirty years. The principal hypothesis concerns whether the benefits, challenges and dilemmas identified by foster carers are influenced by the factors that led to their taking up this kind of work. Quantitative research was conducted using a questionnaire as the main tool. The paper takes a descriptive, cross-sectional and multifactorial approach. Sampling was carried out by self-selecting method, and the study involved 51 participants. The research project identified a statistically significant variation in the challenges and dilemmas reported by foster carers. Thus, the results of the study show that the majority of the carers indicate a primarily intrinsic motivation for their work. By way of conclusion, it is argued that social workers, operating in collaboration with multidisciplinary teams, can offer carers support in managing more difficult periods in the child–carer relationship, thus enhancing the sustainability of the foster care service.

A Discussion of the Use of Virtual Reality for Training Healthcare Practitioners to Recognize Child Protection Issues.

Background: Virtual reality technology is a rapidly developing tool which has been shown to have exciting prospects in the field of medical education (1). In a recent, subsequent study, Pan et al. consider the potential of the same technology in the realm of child protection training and safeguarding issues (2). To build upon the Pan et al. (2) study, a panel discussion was held at The Centre for Behavior Change Annual Conference 2018 to discuss the question “Can a virtual reality communication scenario be used to teach General Practitioners and trainees how to recognize and manage child protection issues?.”Methodology: The above study comprised an immersive virtual reality consultation, in which the ability of 63 doctors to pick up covert safeguarding cues was tested in the context of a consultation with an adult patient, where the patient's child happened to be present as well. The study and its findings were discussed at the Centre for Behavior Change 4th Annual Conference, and this paper summarizes the opinions of both the panel and the audience.Viewpoint: Safeguarding is a challenging area of practice where we must listen to the child, and tackle difficult conversations with parents. Within medical training, role play is the gold standard for teaching how to communicate in difficult scenarios. Given the ethical questions surrounding children being asked to role play such abuse, the use of virtual reality characters could have a key role in upgrading current practices in medical education on safeguarding.

Sociological Analysis of Child Abuse in Balochistan

This study focus on child abuse in an association to family decorations of acknowledgment dismissal towards their children and the impact of demographic factors in Pakistani socio-cultural setting. The concerns over rising incidence of child abuse and neglect have received global attention. A number of national and international organizations have shown serious concerns and are demanding strict measures to tackle the issues of child protection.400 children (76% male & 26% female) of age ranging from 8-19 years were randomly selected. The data were collected from Quetta city. The results indicated that low monthly income of the family are one of the momentous elements of child abuse.

Teacher feedback on the use of innovative social media simulations to enhance critical thinking in young people on radicalisation, extremism, sexual exploitation and grooming

ABSTRACTOnline grooming of young people for sexual exploitation and for radicalisation is a global issue. The importance of quality education that equips young people to develop their digital resilience and critical thinking skills is essential as a way to prepare them to use online technology safely and appropriately. In this article, we look at two innovative and creative social media simulations that were developed by the Centre of Child Protection for the training of professionals in child protection issues. Using social constructivist perspectives on learning the simulations focus on the role of social media to facilitate understanding and critical analysis of online environments. The simulations respond to the contemporary landscape of social media and the complexities of grooming, child sexual exploitation, extremism and radicalisation, issues that are often addressed in schools through pastoral care. We look at the relationship between creative engagement via the online social media simulations and their use in teaching these complex topics, and take an empirical view to evaluate this creative approach as a scaffold tool for teachers to help children and young people to think critically and respond positively to the navigation of complex lifeworlds. We surveyed trained professionals who had all undertaken CPD training with the Centre of Child Protection in either of the two simulations from March 2015-April 2017. Out of 308 responses, 146 identified themselves as educators, and it is their feedback that we discuss in this article.

Peran Perempuan dalam Mengembangkan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah dalam rangka menuju Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN di Kota Tangerang Selatan

This article discusses about women in Alor in the Belis vortex in a dilemma that limits its empowerment efforts. Cultural revitalization is closely related to the issue of child protection and empowerment of women, therefore it is necessary to reconstruct existing and ongoing social constructs, but it has an impact on systematic impoverishment, where women's rights and children's basic rights are not met. The revitalization process starts from the perspective that influences human life in terms of race, religion, ethnicity and community. This research method uses qualitative ethnography to photograph the lives of Alor women in the vortex of Belis culture and how it impacts on women's empowerment. especially education and well-being. The result was the collective awareness of 3 Triple Helix (three stoves, namely traditional leaders, religious leaders and the government). Collective awareness results from a long process of journey and combinatorial collaboration between people who want to change, middle people who become assistants and change facilitators and the government as a key stake holder that provides power, funding and prayer support.
 Keywords: cultural revitalization, empowerment of women, belis

ADAPTATION OF THE TEXT OF THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION INTO THE PEDAGOGICAL PROCESS

The article is devoted to the analysis of the adaptation version of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child text in various countries and, in particular, in Ukraine. Although the Convention was created primarily as a political and legal tool, its provisions compliance largely depends on the level of familiarization with it of people at large – including parents and teachers. Therefore, it is important to consider the use of the adapted text of the Convention in the pedagogical process. In Ukraine, there are complex social changes. Under these conditions, it is important to anticipate possible negative consequences for children, as well as to resist them. Children’s interests are taken into account primarily in the framework of the family policy of the state. However, this does not take into account all the requests of children as individuals: for example, communication, obtaining information, productive activities, development of individual abilities, creativity, cultural ties. Often this is cannot be developed due to the lack of conditions in families and society as a whole. The interest in child protection issues has increased recently. For example, the question of introducing optional mini-courses on children’s rights in schools has been considered. But, besides schools, leisure associations, clubs, and cultural centers play a huge role in the process of educating children and youth. Therefore, it is important to familiarize the pedagogical community and parents with European experience in interpreting and adapting the text of the Convention, and its implementation in the pedagogical process. The adopted text appeared almost immediately after the adoption of the Convention. During almost 30 years of its development, versions of the text have appeared in all European countries and in the USA. Public, governmental and non-governmental organizations have published the paper and virtual text versions, game, animated films, literary works, and comics. The article deals with Italian, French, Spanish, Ukrainian versions of text adaptation. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the Convention should become part of the children’s life values system and help them evaluate their own actions in a wider life context. This is possible under the conditions of using the best text versions that are understandable and available for children of different ages.

‘Why can’t we help protect children too?’ Stigma by association among community workers in child protection and its consequences

Abstract Community workers provide critical support services to parents and families with children who may be placed in out-of-home care by child protection authorities. Drawing on in-depth interviews with fifteen community workers, who represent nine agencies assisting families with child protection issues in a small jurisdiction in Australia, we show how the stigma attached to ‘bad’ parents is passed on to the community workers who are supporting them. The ‘stigma by association’ directed at community workers by child protection authorities means they are stereotyped negatively, undermined professionally and socially excluded. In spite of such stigmatic treatment, community workers remained committed to their professional role. Although workers were frustrated and disappointed in the treatment they received, there was no open acknowledgment of stigma-induced poor mental health. The results are interpreted within a broader social context where child protection authorities are being constantly reviewed and criticized in Australia. The support that community workers give to each other as frontline defenders of families against a powerful and publicly criticized government authority may allow community workers to construe themselves as heroes rather than villains in this highly adversarial environment. The costs play out at the institutional level, however, because reduced trust limits opportunities for genuine collaboration between government and community organizations.

Assessing allegations of child sex abuse in custody disputes

AbstractRisk assessments by expert witnesses appointed by the Family Court of Australia (FCA), and as informed by findings of any investigations by police and child protection agencies, play a critical role in the adjudication of custody disputes involving allegations of child sex abuse. This study focuses on the contribution made by these independent advisors as documented in the FCA trial transcripts of a sample of 62 such cases in the period 2012–2016. Analysis reveals that those responsible for assessing risk shared a concern for an emerging pattern of applicant responsibility for systems abuse, in conjunction with emotional abuse, as a significant child protection issue. It also raises issues for the Court when there are multiple risk assessments coming from experts who bring different disciplinary and organisational perspectives. As an exploratory study, the implications of these findings need to be viewed through the lens of protecting the best interests of the child.

Child Abuse or Bleeding Disorder-An Interdisciplinary Approach.

Children with an unexplained bleeding tendency are frequently referred to a haemostaseologist for further evaluation. Careful standardized history taking and clinical evaluation should allow for distinguishing bleeds after minor injury and trauma which are very common in all children. However, in two groups of children bleeding symptoms may be more significant than expected: those with an underlying coagulation disorder and those who have been subjected to physical child abuse. The coexistence of child abuse and a bleeding disorder must always be considered. An extended coagulation diagnostic is required if the morphology of bleedings is not clearly suspicious for child abuse and in the absence of typical concomitant injuries, e.g., bone fractures. An interdisciplinary approach involving a forensic pathologist and a paediatric haemostaseologist for assessment of bleeding symptoms, the explanation of the clinical findings, and the critical evaluation of laboratory results are essential in such cases. This review is focussed on symptoms in accidental and nonaccidental injuries in children assisting haemostaseologists in decision making in cases of child protection issues.

Keberpihakan Hukum Islam Terhadap Perlindungan Anak

Child protection has become an important issue in the modern world. To guarantee the future generations, children must be protected from all forms of of interference, threats, violence and exploitation carried out by adults. Protection is not only charged to parents, but also to the community, nation and state. This article tries to examine the attitude of Islam towards the issue of child protection through a search of syara arguments. Especially in the Qur'an and in the Hadith. This study finds out that Islam has a broader perspective. In guaranteeing the needs of children. The guarantees start when they are still in the wombs (fetus) to adulthood. This can be understood from the provisions of the Shari'ah which prohibits abortion and provide relief for pregnant women not to fast during the month of Ramadan. In addition, Islam also gives rights to children, such as the right to life, the right to have aqiqah (religious redemption), the right to have a good name, the right to receive breastfeeding for two years, and so on.

Child Abuse in Pakistan-Current Perspective

It’s not been long that the case of Baby Zainab from Qasur, a city in Punjab made the headlines in the media. Prior to this incidence cases of sexual abuse of over 200 children from the same city created an uproar in the media and in the country. In the past few years there has been an upsurge in the cases of child abuse reported in the media. The concerns over rising incidence of child abuse and neglect has received global attention. A number of national and international organization have shown serious concerns and are demanding strict measures to tackle the issues of child protection.

Child Protection And Household Vulnerability

This paper explores child protection based on three factors; child abuse, child labour and child substance abuse. The analysis is based on a cohort of 17,848 vulnerbale households and the children in therein studied over a period of four years under the “sustainable comprehensive repsonses for vulnerable children and tehir families project” implemented in rural Uganda between 2011 and 2017. We find overall child protection factors mentioned above improved over the four years alongside household vulnerability. Howveer we observe that compared to the rest of the vulnerable households, the children who had experience child abuse, used susbanctes and alcohol and experience child labour were less likely to transition out of vulnerability compared to the others. We also found out that these children were less likely to be enrolled in school over the foru years and were more likely to be absent from school. We conclude that poor child protection indtcaors amongst the vulnerable children compound their household and individual vulnerability and increase the likelihood that their basic rights will be violated. We recommend that child protection issues, and child rights specifically should be brought at the forefront of all child protection interventions.

Children of mentally ill parents : Also atopic in the context of child protection

Severe mental illness in parents increases the risk of neglect, physical and sexual abuse (adverse childhood experiences, ACE) of children. Presentation of the current situation of child protection issues in psychiatric care in Germany and the derivation of needs and potential solution strategies. Based on aselective literature search, the needs and the current situation in Germany are presented and potential solution strategies are pointed out. The analysis is supplemented by adescriptive evaluation of specific consultation requests to the medical child protection hotline, which were descriptively evaluated and served as astarting point for the selective literature search. Despite the well-known comprehensive influence of mental illnesses of parents on their children, psychiatric patients have not yet been systematically registered regarding whether they have to care for underage children. There is a lack of systematic and comprehensive support for families at risk. Of all calls to the project medical child protection hotline, calls from the field of adult psychiatry and psychosomatics make up by far the highest proportion from the field of adult medicine. An increased awareness of child protection issues is necessary in the field of adult psychiatric treatment. Systematic counselling services for acute cases and also networking and structured cooperation with other medical fields, such as child and youth psychiatry, pediatrics and child and youth welfare should be addressed.

Title IV-E education: past, present and future of public child welfare

Public child welfare (PCW) is always seen as a state concern. This Special Issue addresses child protection issues from the angle of analyzing the educational preparedness of child protection servi...

Child Protection System and Challenges in Pakistan

Child protection refers to preventing and responding to child abuse and exploitation, that is, child labour, trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation, and harmful customary practices. This paper is about child protection issues in Pakistan, one of the South Asian countries in the Indian sub-continent. Pakistan has agreed to provide children with special protection, as a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the child [UNCRC]. Consequently, it is mandatory for the state to protect children. The authors review both internal and external factors affecting child protection in Pakistan in addition to outlining the challenges faced by South Asian countries in the realm of child protection. It then draws recommendations for efficient child protection system in Pakistan.

Children and r2p: An Introduction

This introduction to the special issue on Children and r2p lays out the parallel development of the r2p and Children and Armed Conflict agendas over the last two decades and surveys how key r2p documents developed during this period have engaged with issues of child protection. It then outlines the articles that follow.

The role and experience of local faith leaders in promoting child protection: a case study from Malawi

Frequently, community based strategies include engagement with local faith leaders. However, there have been few systematic attempts to document how faith leaders themselves define their roles in these initiatives. This study examined local faith leaders and their spouses, in flood affected areas of Malawi, who had been oriented to child protection issues through World Vision workshops aimed explicitly at relating protection concerns to religious teachings. Many participants reported that attending a workshop had been transformational in terms of their perspectives regarding the protection of children. The key child protection issues identified by participants included child marriage, lack of attendance at school, child labour (including forced labour), harsh physical punishment and sexual abuse. Many faith leaders − and their wives − became active in addressing child protection issues as a result of the programme, although the form of this action varied widely and was significantly influenced by their varied status and capacities.

Integrating Economic Strengthening and Family Coaching to Reduce Work-Related Health Hazards Among Children of Poor Households: Burkina Faso

PurposeThis is the first randomized controlled trial in Burkina Faso testing the effect of economic strengthening alone and in combination with family coaching on child's hazardous work and work-related health outcomes. The study also tests the association between different forms of hazardous work and child's health outcomes. MethodsA total of 360 households from 12 villages participated in the study. Villages were randomly assigned to three study arms: economic intervention alone, economic intervention integrated with family coaching, and control. In each household, one female caregiver and one child aged 10–15 years were interviewed. Data were collected at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. We ran multilevel mixed-effects models that account for both within-individual correlation over time and clustering of subjects within villages. ResultsCompared with the control group, at 24 months, children in the integrated arm experienced significant reduction in exposure to hazardous work and some forms of hazards and abuse. Results for children in the economic strengthening–only arm were more modest. In most cases, child's health was significantly associated not with specific forms of work per se, but with child's exposure to hazards and abuse while doing this form of work. We found no significant effect of intervention on child's work-related health. ConclusionsEconomic strengthening combined with family coaching on child protection issues, rather than implemented alone, may be more effective in reducing child's exposure to hazardous work. Additional research is needed to understand gender differences and causal links between different forms of child work and health hazards.

In our opinion.

The misleading statements made in the British Dental Journal in the December 2016 issue relating to dental age assessment are assessed for inaccuracies and negligent omission of the issue of Child Protection. It is emphasised that there is a need for the approach of objective knowledge viz. not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts. The article by the Chair of the Education, Ethics, and Team Working Group implies that unsatisfactory consent procedures are followed. The DARLInG (Dental Age Research London Information Group) have followed a carefully prescribed procedure that fulfils all the requirements of the advice given by the Consent Committee at King's College Hospital. In addition, the active support in the form of independent support workers and lawyers assisted by interpreters is described. The issue of the lawful use of ionising radiation is described with correct information about where this information can be obtained. The seriously misleading statements made by the Chair of the Education, Ethics and Education Working Group are identified. An unacceptable oversight is the failure of the BDA representatives to draw attention to the need for child protection. The potential benefit of dental age estimation in terms of appropriately providing support for asylum seekers is described.The failure of the BDA Ethics group to be up to date with recent research which shows a high level of certainty in assigning age disputed subjects to above (or below) the 18-year threshold is discussed and the importance of this in reliably determining, in an objective way, the age status of asylum seekers. The incorrect and salacious use of the term 'X-rated' is highlighted and a formal request for its withdrawal has been made.

Child sexual exploitation: a guide for obstetricians and gynaecologists

Key content Child sexual exploitation (CSE) is a child protection issue and can affect any young person. Healthcare professionals play a key role in identifying both those who are victims of exploitation, and also those at risk. The General Medical Council considers that all doctors have a responsibility for child protection. Obstetricians and gynaecologists may come across victims of CSE in a range of clinical settings, but practitioners may not feel confident that they have sufficient training to recognise victims or potential victims or indeed what course of action to take if they do. This article provides training in both of these aspects by introducing Spotting the Signs (a questionnaire‐based tool to help detect CSE) and by highlighting appropriate referral pathways, including the vital role of joint working and information sharing. Learning objectives Understand what is meant by CSE. Understand the risk factors for victims of CSE. Develop a working knowledge of a validated tool to enable healthcare workers to recognise potential cases of CSE. Understand what to do if you suspect CSE.