Hygiene Issues Research Articles

“Evaluation of physico-mechanical properties of naturally dyed betel-nut leaf plate (BLPF) – Banana blended fabric”

Betel-nut leaf plate fiber (BLPF) is a lingo-cellulosic natural fiber that can be used to make eco-friendly and biodegradable blended or hybrid fabric with Banana fiber. In the world of organic textiles, naturally dyed BLPF-Banana fiber can be used for wearable products and satisfy health and hygiene issues. BLPF and Banana fiber can be good natural fibers for hybrid fabrics despite being considered waste materials. In this research work, both of the fibers were pretreated carefully to get the desired fineness, color, flexibilities, etc., which are necessary to manufacture fabric. BLPF-Banana woven (1 × 1) hybrid fabric was developed where 12 Ne Banana yarns were used in the warp direction, and 20 Ne BLPF yarns were used in the weft direction and it was dyed naturally with Turmeric. Evaluations of different physico-mechanical properties; tensile strength (854.9 N), tearing strength (14.5 N), stiffness (3.1 N), crease recovery (75° angle), and fabric thickness (1.33 mm) of naturally dyed BLPF-Banana blended fabric were tested, and found satisfactory. SEM, FTIR, and Water vapor transmission tests were also conducted in this study. It attempted to turn the wastages into an asset to make a unique biodegradable BLPF-Banana hybrid fabric by blending two types of natural fibers with the help of natural dyeing substance; it could be a good replacement for synthetic blended fabric.

Consequences of parental preconceptional irradiation: Endocrine-metabolic pathology in offspring

Epidemiological studies of late effects of preconceptional (prior to conception) radiation exposure are necessary in order to understand the risks of tumor and non-tumor pathology in next generations. Research of possible relation between parental preconceptional exposure and development of endocrine and metabolic disorders in the offspring is one of the topical issues of radiation hygiene. The objective of the study: comparative analysis of endocrine and metabolic pathology in children of the individuals exposed to long term preconceptional external gamma-radiation at the Mayak Production Association – at the first atomic industry facility on Russia. Materials and methods: A retrospective research was performed based on the Ozyorsk Children’s Health Registry. Ozyorsk – the city where Mayak Production Association is the enterprise forming the city. Analysis of endocrine and metabolic disorders was performed for 13880 children of 1949-1973 years of birth who were born and resided in Ozyorsk; parents of 9321 children of this number had accumulated doses of prolonged external gamma-radiation exposure at the production facility prior to conception. A comparative analysis of the structure and incidence of “Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases” and nosological forms of this class of pathology was performed. Characteristic features of parental preconceptional exposure were analyzed in relation to thyroid pathology in children. Relative risk of endocrine and metabolic disorders among the children of exposed and unexposed parents was calculated for the whole disease class and for certain nosologies. Results: A significant predominance of thyroid diseases, particularly, iodine deficiencies, was detected at an earlier age among the offspring of Mayak Production Association workers compared to the control group; these cases were mostly related to low dose parental preconceptional exposure. Thyroid cancer was further detected in 0.16% (15/9321) of the studied cohort of the offspring of exposed parents with average manifestation age of 42.6. Relative risk of thyroid diseases was significantly higher among the exposed parents’ offspring compared to the controls: 2.0 among boys (95% confidence interval 1.38-2.9), 1.59 among girls (1.25-2.02) and in the group as a whole – 1.64 (1.34- 2.01). Relative risk of thyroid diseases related to iodine deficiency among the offspring of Mayak Production Association personnel was almost twice higher than the in the control group: 1.92 (1.3-2.84) among boys, 1.68 (1.29-2.2) among girls, 1.7 (1.36-2.12) in the whole group. Discussion and conclusion: A statistically significant overweight of non-tumor thyroid pathology in the offspring of Mayak Production Association personnel cannot be explained through external reasons taking into account similar climate and geographic conditions, possible technogenic exposure and the same unified medical survey of the followed children. We cannot exclude increased sensibility if thyroid tissue to iodine deficiency and its predisposition to hypertrophy and hyperplasia among the offspring of individuals exposed to long term occupational contact with ionizing radiation sources; that should be taken into account in the course of medical monitoring of these patients. Further research of transgenerational effects in the offspring of personnel of radiation hazardous production facilities are needed for complete understanding of the role of parental occupational exposure in health risks for further generations.

From the chef’s kitchen to your doorstep: Implementation of halal supply chain management for online food delivery services

The increase of Online Food Delivery Services (OFDS) is a result of rising consumer demand. Halal food's integrity has been questioned by customers particularly on issues of hygiene and quality. There are a few OFDS literature reviews that have examined halal supply chains in-depth. The use of Halal Supply Chain Management Systems (HSCMS) by food delivery services is examined in this study. Traceability mechanisms and barriers to halal supply chain implementation will be identified. Qualitative methods are used to collect data and semi-structured questions are used to quantify information. Interviews are conducted to assess halal supply chain management practices. The Informants were the upper management of two halal food delivery companies in Klang Valley, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia. The companies were L and B. HSCMS are crucial for addressing halal integrity concerns. This study provides valuable insights into how halal supply chains are currently managed. Through a traceability system for OFDS, multidimensional parties and academia will discover how to ensure halal integrity, safety and quality.

Water, sanitation and hygiene issues in healthcare facilities on a global scale with examples from different countries

Water, sanitation and hygiene issues in healthcare facilities on a global scale with examples from different countries

Questionnaire survey of patients of medical dental organizations in different regions of the Russian Federation on the issues of individual and professional oral hygiene

Questionnaire survey of patients of medical dental organizations in different regions of the Russian Federation on the issues of individual and professional oral hygiene

남경국민정부시기 위생교육과 ‘공공위생’ — 소학위생교과서를 중심으로 —

The Nanjing National Government of the Republic of China showed significance during the 1930s since it extensively carried out the mission of establishing a modern nation-state. And it is especially true when it comes to investigating the relationship between the history of public health and the involvement of state authority. From the perspective of the National Government, the hygiene issue was one of the major tasks for controlling the people

Actualités sur la question du conseil médico-psychologique aux autorités en opération extérieure

Command counseling is part of the medical officer's regalian function in supporting the armed forces. The psychiatrist performs this function on issues of mental hygiene in order to preserve the health and operational readiness of combatants. He is the guarantor of an approach centered on the subject's clinic, keeping in mind the medical-military issues in which he practices. While the command is most often concerned with the operational effectiveness of its regiment, the doctrines of the exercise of the command have evolved to include the recognition of suffering and in particular that of its soldiers. However, soldiers suffering from mental illness are still often confronted with stigmatization and incomprehension from their comrades, their entourage, or their hierarchy. The psychiatrist, in his role as advisor, sometimes finds himself at odds with the command, which is the sole decision-maker, the final decision being made through dialogue and compromise. In this article, based on our experience in the field, we discuss the points of concern for the psychiatrist in military operations, we can evoke the questions of ethics, the loss of moral sense or the risks related to the subordination of the psychiatrist. Nevertheless, the presence of psychiatrists in the theater of operations improves their understanding of the environment and the command and allows them to comprehend the operational stakes.

Janina Bortkiewicz and Public Hygiene Education in Popular Magazines Published in Vilnius, 1930–1939

Because General Żeligowski’s troops occupied Vilnius in the autumn of 1920 and Poland annexed it two years later, the health-care system that operated in Poland at the time began to be introduced in the city and the region. The official guidelines for health policy in Poland derived from the concept of hygiene proposed by Tomasz Janiszewski, the founder of the health system in the country, which focused on social hygiene. Universities played an advisory role in the Polish health system and were involved in educating the public on hygiene issues. In interwar Vilnius, the most prominent figure in this field was Janina Bortkiewicz-Rodziewiczowa, a researcher and senior assistant in the Department of Hygiene of the Faculty of Medicine at Stephen Bathory University. This article analyses her publications aimed at promoting science. It examines the means by which Bortkiewicz-Rodziewiczowa conveyed specific medical knowledge to a lay audience. It also discusses what topics she emphasised most and what reasons led to her choices, and how this correlated with priorities in medical science and health policy at that time. Finally, it touches on an interesting practical aspect, namely what public education strategies applied at the time can still be applied today.

COVID, Crime & Criminal Justice: Affirming the Call for System Reform Research.

Early into the COVID-19 pandemic, Miller & Blumstein (2020) outlined a theoretical research program (TRP) oriented around themes of contagion control and containment, legal amnesty, system leniency, nonenforcement, and tele-justice. Here, two and a half years later, these lingering themes are revisited to advocate for empirical research informing criminal justice system reform. The pandemic created rare natural experiment research conditions that enable unique and potentially valuable insights on necessitated innovations that may indicate future justice practices and policies. Given the sweeping effects of the shutdown, examples are numerous ranging from staffing analyses to estimate agencies' personnel needs to ensure that basic public safety functions can be met after early retirements and resignations from virus risk and anti-police sentiment, the use of virtual communication in various legal proceedings at arrest, incarceration, and release junctures, and, especially, the risks versus benefits of early release. In addition to better identifying who should be jailed pre-trial, prioritization of calls for service, triaging of court cases, and hygiene and sanitation issues within facilities are other important examples central to a COVID and crime TRP. Attending research could demonstrate the utility of normative operations and identify shortfalls to be addressed during anomic conditions prior to another shutdown or similar event and present, through comparison of innovative and traditional derived outcomes, system reform and improvement opportunities. By seizing upon rare data made possible by natural experimental COVID generated conditions, researchers can meaningfully investigate the ongoing applicability of justice system adaptations mandated by the pandemic in terms of effectiveness and efficiency toward the interrelated goals of evidence-based practice discovery and justice reform.

Measuring Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the Food Sector

The current study aims to investigate the concept of sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) in the Greek domain for the food sector. The study is based upon the decomposition of the triple bottom line framework (TBL) that characterises entrepreneurs' behavioural goals and values (internal-external, social, environmental, and economic). Data were collected from 150 Greek food companies where managers were asked to rank the importance of 36 attributes that originated from the qualitative interviews and from the literature review findings. The authors found that the first three ranked variables in the ISE domain are the safety and hygiene issues, the continuous training, and job creation opportunities. Next, in the evaluation of the ESE part, entrepreneurs give great importance to the promotion of the local economy and to the betterment of humanity-life through promoting social change paradigms. In the ENE domain, food entrepreneurs produce products that have low-environmental impact, protect human rights, and use energy savings mechanisms.

Understanding restaurant users’ attitudes towards self-service ordering via kiosks during the COVID-19 pandemic: An application of the theory of anxiety

This study aims to prepare a comprehensive self-service technology model that incorporates the hygiene and health issues throughout the restaurant industry amid pandemics. To this end, this study explores psychological responses to the environmental threat caused by COVID-19, which impacts attitudes toward self-service kiosks in the restaurant industry in terms of the theory of anxiety. This study utilizes a mixed-method sequential exploratory design. The qualitative phase found four psychological attributes associated with respondents’ attitudes towards kiosks: anxiety towards COVID-19, timidity, perceived control, and intolerance for tardy service. Among the psychological attribute factors, anxiety towards COVID-19 was identified as the strongest predictor of customers’ attitudes towards kiosks in the quantitative phase. This study attests that the anxiety mechanism works in explaining restaurant customers’ attitudes towards kiosks in the restaurant industry. The comprehensive research model explains in a timely manner the value of kiosk service in rapid social and market changes.

Optimization and kinetic modeling of phosphate recovery as struvite by electrocoagulation from source-separated urine.

Phosphorus recovery is indispensable due to the rapid depletion of its natural reserves and excessive utility in agriculture. Though human urine has high nutrient content including phosphate, nitrogen and potassium; direct use as a fertilizer is restricted due to hygienic, environmental, social and ethical issues. To overcome these limitations, the nutrients are precipitated by the external addition of magnesium (Mg) to form a slow-releasing fertilizer called struvite. The present study aims to maximize phosphate recovery through optimizing struvite production by an emerging electrocoagulation technique. A maximum of 95% phosphate recovery was achieved using inter-electrode distance of 0.5 cm, 2 A current from undiluted urine using Mg-Mg electrodes in a reaction time of 30 min. Further, kinetic modeling of phosphate recovery through electrocoagulation was conducted to comprehend the intended mechanism through the order of kinetics. The results revealed that the data best correlated with first-order kinetics with a correlation coefficient of 0.95. Electrocoagulation improved the supernatant quality by reducing the ion concentrations other than phosphate (30-50%), salinity (40-45%), and microbial population (99%). Qualitative assessment of the precipitate through sophisticated analysis further confirmed the presence of struvite crystals.

Nail job and women’s health: Assessment of ergonomics and occupational hazards

BACKGROUND: The nail job is a new occupation in which the number of people who choose this job is rising. Therefore, the harmful hazards affecting the health of the practitioners should be taken into account. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ergonomics and occupational health hazards among nail technicians in Iranian society. METHODS: The self-administered questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Novel Ergonomic Postural Assessment (NERPA) method were used to gather data from 80 female nail technicians who participated in this study. RESULTS: More than half of the participants (67.6%) complained of coughing and eye irritation (70%) which was the most frequently reported irritation. The final score of the NERPA was at a high-risk level and the neck pain (63.8%) was the highest in comparison with other parts of the body. There was a significant relationship between activity type with disorder in the neck, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle. Lighting intensity was not significantly associated with musculoskeletal disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Concerning the low work experience, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and, respiratory complaints is high. Hence, the attention of policy-makers to the safety and hygiene issues of women in this occupation is necessary by setting guidelines and considering inspections of occupational health and safety professionals.

Green composites based on biodegradable polymers and anchovy (Engraulis Encrasicolus) waste suitable for 3D printing applications

Every day large amounts of fish waste are produced and grossly discarded in markets around the world causing environmental and hygiene issue. The use of these scraps for the production of materials with higher added value can definitely contributed to solve this problem. In this work, 10% and 20% of anchovy fishbone powder (EE), obtained by market waste, were microbiological and mechanical tested and subsequently added to polylactic acid (PLA) and to a commercial blend of biodegradable co-polyesters (Mater-Bi®). Rheological characterization suggests the potential printability of all prepared composites filaments. 10% EE filled composites showed outstanding printability. Morphological analysis confirmed the obtainment of good dispersion of the filler and the excellent adhesion of EE particles with the matrices in the composites filament and in 10% printed samples. The filler effectively acted as reinforcement in flexural and impact test: for MB and PLA, the addition of EE leads to an increase of flexural modulus of about 23% and 32% respectively. In tensile test both composites turn out to be influenced by the oil contained in the filler that act as plasticizer: the elongation at break of MB increased by 364% when 10% of EE was added. The experimental data obtained by tensile tests showed an opposites behavior than those predicted by Halpin–Tsai model, presumably due to the presence of residual fish oil acting as internal slipping agent.

Self-Assembly Anchored Cationic Copolymer Interfaces for Applying the Control of Counterion-Induced Bacteria Killing/Release Procedure.

In recent years, daily hygiene and disease control issues have received increasing attention, especially the raging epidemics caused by the spread of deadly viruses. The construction of the interface of new polymer materials is focused on, which can provide a cyclic operation process for the killing and releasing of bacteria, and perform repeated regeneration, which is of great significance for the development of advanced medical biomaterials. In order to explore the basic physical phenomena of bacterial attachment and detachment on the polymer material interface by different amine groups, this study plans to synthesize four different butyl methacrylate (BMA)-based cationic copolymers with primary, ternary, and quaternary amine groups, and compare their effects on bactericidal efficiency. Since BMA can generate strong hydrophobic interactions with the benzene ring structure, this study used a polystyrene substrate to realize a self-assembled cationic copolymer interface for controlling the counterion-induced bacterial killing/release process. Furthermore, negatively charged ions are introduced to induce changes in the hydration capability of water molecules and control the subsequent bacterial detachment function. In this study, possible directions to answer and clarify the above concepts are proposed, and there is a basic reference principle that can lead to research work in macromolecular biosciencefields.

ESENSI KEBERSIHAN

The awareness of hygiene issues for Islam is deep. The Prophet Muhammad's hadith emphasized that Islam was built on immaculacy. Hygiene is the foremost prerequisite in operating out all parts of life, concerning outer and inner levels. This report portrays the interpretation of QS. al-Muddatsir:4 regarding hygiene's topic utilizing a comparative interpretation approach between Wahbah al-Zuhaili and Quraish Shihab. This investigation desires to discover the hygiene substance amid numerous distinct interpretations. The research approach used is to perform a descriptive study of the collected library data. The outcomes demonstrated that the bits of knowledge between Wabah al-Zuhaili and Quraish Shibab were distinguishable. Al-Zuhaili interpreted "hygiene" with the definition of majazi while Quraish Shihab with the authentic substance.

An application of AR in cosmetological industry after coronavirus disease-19 pandemic.

The consumption pattern in the beauty Industry has been changed due to the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) crisis. As hygiene issues were raised, non-face-to-face communication was emphasized, and within this framework, the use of augmented reality (AR) emerged as one of the hottest topics in the industry. To check the usefulness of AR in the beauty Industry by systematically examining quantitative research which in turn verifies empirically the effectiveness of AR. A total of eight quantitative studies that verified the effect of AR in the cosmetic field were identified, and the contents of the studies were analyzed using PRISMA flow diagram. Sub-elements of reciprocity and expressive power for AR showed that they stimulate individual emotions and encourage purchase. In the current beauty Industry dominated by non-face-to-face interactions, AR was evaluated as an appropriate means to respond to changes in the market.

Experiences of COVID-19 patients in a Fangcang shelter hospital in China during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative descriptive study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine COVID-19 patients’ experiences in a Fangcang shelter hospital in China, to provide insights into the effectiveness of this centralised isolation strategy as a novel solution...

Recommendations for the safety of hospitalised patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review

ObjectiveTo map the recommendations for hospitalised patient safety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignScoping review using the method recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute.Data sourcesDatabases: Medline, SCOPUS, EMBASE, ScienceDirect,...

Dazzled by the strobe lights: Tourist experience and complexity in the night-economy

This study that is anchored in complexity theory investigates the complex factors affecting the destination nightlife experience of tourists while using the destination of Cyprus as a fitting place context. Based on a sample of 390 holidaymakers, a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis reveals certain complex solutions. These deal with the social and marketing nexus; the socio-cultural and quality connection; and the relationship between price with quality in the night economy. In spite of hygiene and safety issues that are deemed necessary for the prevention of a non-positive overall night-time experience, the socializing aspect is the one that appears to prevail within the nightlife tourist experiential milieu.