A chemical investigation of the leaves of Setaria italica yielded six known O-glycosylflavones and 10 C-glycosylflavones including the new compounds scoparin 2″- O-xyloside and scoparin 2″- O-glucoside, and six new acylated C-glycosylflavones, five of which were at least partly elucidated: orientin 6″- O-( E)-ferulyl-2″- O-xyloside, orientin X″- O-( E)-ferulyl-2″- O-glucoside, vitexin X″- O-( E)-ferulyl-2″- O-xyloside, vitexin X″- O-( E)-ferulyl-2″- O-glucoside and vitexin X″- O-(E)-sinapyl-2″- O-xyloside.