Isomorphism Theorem Research Articles

Chromatic homotopy theory is asymptotically algebraic

Inspired by the Ax–Kochen isomorphism theorem, we develop a notion of categorical ultraproducts to capture the generic behavior of an infinite collection of mathematical objects. We employ this theory to give an asymptotic solution to the approximation problem in chromatic homotopy theory. More precisely, we show that the ultraproduct of the E(n, p)-local categories over any non-principal ultrafilter on the set of prime numbers is equivalent to the ultraproduct of certain algebraic categories introduced by Franke. This shows that chromatic homotopy theory at a fixed height is asymptotically algebraic.

Fuzzy mixed graphs and its application to identification of COVID19 affected central regions in India

In the recent phenomenon of social networks, both online and offline, two nodes may be connected, but they may not follow each other. Thus there are two separate links to be given to capture the notion. Directed links are given if the nodes follow each other, and undirected links represent the regular connections (without following). Thus, this network may have both types of relationships/ links simultaneously. This type of network can be represented by mixed graphs. But, uncertainties in following and connectedness exist in complex systems. To capture the uncertainties, fuzzy mixed graphs are introduced in this article. Some operations, completeness, and regularity and few other properties of fuzzy mixed graphs are explained. Representation of fuzzy mixed graphs as matrix and isomorphism theorems on fuzzy mixed graphs are developed. A network of COVID19 affected areas in India are assumed, and central regions are identified as per the proposed theory.

On Refined Neutrosophic Quotient Groups

This paper is devoted to the study of refined neutrosophic quotient groups. It is shown that the classical isomorphism theorems of groups do not hold for the refined neutrosophic groups. Moreover, the existence of classical morphisms between refined neutrosophic groups G(I1, I2) and neutrosophic groups G(I) is established.

A Fundamental Theorem of Powerful Set-Valued for F-Rough Ring

In this paper, we introduce the upper and lower approximations on the invers set-valued mapping and the approximations an established on a powerful set valued homomorphism from a ring R1 to power sets of a ring R2. Moreover, the properties of lower and upper approximations of a powerful set valued are studies. In addition, we will give a proof of the theorem of isomorphism over approximations F-rough ring as new result. However, we will prove the kernel of the powerful set-valued homomorphism is a subring of R1. Our result is introduce the first isomorphism theorem of ring as generalized the concept of the set valued mappings.

RINGS WITH THE DUAL OF THE ISOMORPHISM THEOREM

A ring R satisfies the dual of the isomorphism theorem if R/Ra≅ 1(a) for all elements a of R, where 1(a) denotes the left annihilator. We call these rings left morphic. Examples include all unit regular rings and certain left uniserial local rings. We show that every left morphic ring is right principally injective, and use this to characterize the left perfect, right and left morphic rings.

Introduction to NeutroGroups

The objective of this paper is to formally present the concept of NeutroGroups by considering three NeutroAxioms (NeutroAssociativity, existence of NeutroNeutral element and existence of NeutroInverse element). Several interesting results and examples of NeutroGroups, NeutroSubgroups, NeutroCyclicGroups, NeutroQuotientGroups and NeutroGroupHomomorphisms are presented. It is shown that generally, Lagrange’s theorem and 1st isomorphism theorem of the classical groups do not hold in the class of NeutroGroups.

Introduction to NeutroRings

The objective of this paper is to introduce the concept of NeutroRings by considering three NeutroAxioms (NeutroAbelianGroup (additive), NeutroSemigroup (multiplicative) and NeutroDistributivity (multiplication over addition)). Several interesting results and examples on NeutroRings, NeutroSubgrings, NeutroIdeals, NeutroQuotientRings and NeutroRingHomomorphisms are presented. It is shown that the 1st isomorphism theorem of the classical rings holds in the class of NeutroRings.

Rough quotient in topological rough sets

Abstract In this paper, we introduce a rough quotient. Also, we present conditions ensuring that G/H are partitions of G. The rough projection map is also presented. We discuss first, second and third rough isomorphism theorems and other related results. At the end, an orbit and a stabilizer in topological rough groups are considered.

On Homomorphisms of $AB$-algebras

In this study, the notion of $AB$-homomorphism of an $AB$-algebra is introduced and some of its properties are obtained. Moreover, the first and third isomorphism theorems for $AB$-algebras are investigated.

Isomorphism theorems for classes of cyclically presented groups

We consider two multi-parameter classes of cyclically presented groups, introduced by Cavicchioli, Repovš and Spaggiari, that contain many previously considered families of cyclically presented groups of interest both for their algebraic and for their topological properties. Building on results of Bardakov and Vesnin, O’Brien and the previously named authors, we prove theorems that establish isomorphisms of groups within these families.

Hodge and Vanishing Theorems on Complex Finsler Vector Bundles

In this paper, we study the Hodge and vanishing theorems on strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler vector bundles. First, we give definitions of various Laplace operators on strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler vector bundles and obtain the Hodge theorems about them. Second, we deduce some useful formulas on strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler vector bundles, such as the Bochner–Kodaira–Nakano identity and $$\partial {\bar{\partial }}$$ Bochner–Kodaira technique which is obtained by Siu on Hermitian vector bundles. Finally, we prove some vanishing theorems on strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler vector bundles. In particular, on strongly pseudoconvex complex Berwald vector bundles, we get the Hodge isomorphism theorems and vanishing theorems for cohomology groups.

Isomorphism Theorems for Coalgebras

Abstract Let F be an endofunctor of a category C. We prove isomorphism theorems for F -coalgebras under condition that the underlying category C is exact; that is, regular with exact sequences. Also, F is not assumed to preserve pullbacks.

$L_p$ regularity theorem for elliptic equations in less smooth domains

We consider a $2m$th-order strongly elliptic operator $A$ subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions in a domain $\Omega$ of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$, and show the $L_{p}$ regularity theorem, assuming that the domain has less smooth boundary. We derive the regularity theorem from the following isomorphism theorems in Sobolev spaces. Let $k$ be a nonnegative integer. When $A$ is a divergence form elliptic operator, $A-\lambda$ has a bounded inverse from the Sobolev space $W^{k-m}_{p}(\Omega)$ into $W^{k+m}_{p}(\Omega)$ for $\lambda$ belonging to a suitable sectorial region of the complex plane, if $\Omega$ is a uniformly $C^{k,1}$ domain. When $A$ is a non-divergence form elliptic operator, $A-\lambda$ has a bounded inverse from $W^{k}_{p}(\Omega)$ into $W^{k+2m}_{p}(\Omega)$, if $\Omega$ is a uniformly $C^{k+m,1}$ domain. Compared with the known results, we weaken the smoothness assumption on the boundary of $\Omega$ by $m-1$.

Space–time random walk loop measures

In this work, we introduce and investigate two novel classes of loop measures, space–time Markovian loop measures and Bosonic loop measures, respectively. We consider loop soups with intensity μ≤0 (chemical potential in physics terms), and secondly, we study Markovian loop measures on graphs with an additional “time” dimension leading to so-called space–time random walks and their loop measures and Poisson point loop processes. Interesting phenomena appear when the additional coordinate of the space–time process is on a discrete torus with non-symmetric jump rates. The projection of these space–time random walk loop measures onto the space dimensions is loop measures on the spatial graph, and in the scaling limit of the discrete torus, these loop measures converge to the so-called Bosonic loop measures. This provides a natural probabilistic definition of Bosonic loop measures. These novel loop measures have similarities with the standard Markovian loop measures only that they give weights to loops of certain lengths, namely any length which is multiple of a given length β>0 which serves as an additional parameter. We complement our study with generalised versions of Dynkin’s isomorphism theorem (including a version for the whole complex field) as well as Symanzik’s moment formulae for complex Gaussian measures. Due to the lacking symmetry of our space–time random walks, the distributions of the occupation time fields are given in terms of complex Gaussian measures over complex-valued random fields [8,10]. Our space–time setting allows obtaining quantum correlation functions as torus limits of space–time correlation functions.

The Third Isomorphism Theorem on UP-Bialgebras

The concept of UP-bialgebras was introduced and analyzed by Mosrijai and Iampan at the beginning of 2019. Theorem that we can look at as the First theorem on UP-biisomorphism between the UP-bialgebras is given in our forthcoming text [9]. In this article we construct a form of the third theorem on UP-biisomorphism between UP-bialgebras.

Congruences on topological spaces with an application to radical theory

A congruence is defined on a topological space. This leads to the topological versions of the algebraic isomorphism theorems and some of their consequences. In addition, a Hoehnke radical of a topological space is defined as a congruence on the space and it is shown how this ties in with the existing radical theory of topological spaces (i.e., the theory of connectednesses and disconnectednesses).

Isomorphism Theorems in the Primary Categories of Krasner Hypermodules

Let R be a Krasner hyperring. In this paper, we prove a factorization theorem in the category of Krasner R-hypermodules with inclusion single-valued R-homomorphisms as its morphisms. Then, we prove various isomorphism theorems for a smaller category, i.e., the category of Krasner R-hypermodules with strong single-valued R-homomorphisms as its morphisms. In addition, we show that the latter category is balanced. Finally, we prove that for every strong single-valued R-homomorphism f : A → B and a ∈ A , we have K e r ( f ) + a = a + K e r ( f ) = { x ∈ A ∣ f ( x ) = f ( a ) } .

Duality in Non-Abelian Algebra IV. Duality for groups and a universal isomorphism theorem

Abelian categories provide a self-dual axiomatic context for establishing homomorphism theorems (such as the isomorphism theorems and homological diagram lemmas) for abelian groups, and more generally, modules. In this paper we describe a self-dual context which allows one to establish the same theorems in the case of non-abelian group-like structures; the question of whether such a context can be found has been left open for seventy years. We also formulate and prove in our context a universal isomorphism theorem from which all other isomorphism theorems can be deduced.

A lattice isomorphism theorem for cluster groups of mutation-Dynkin type An

Each quiver appearing in a seed of a cluster algebra determines a corresponding group, which we call a cluster group, which is defined via a presentation. Grant and Marsh showed that, for quivers appearing in seeds of cluster algebras of finite type, the associated cluster groups are isomorphic to finite reflection groups. As for finite Coxeter groups, we can consider parabolic subgroups of cluster groups. We prove that, in the type An case, there exists an isomorphism between the lattice of subsets of the defining generators of the cluster group and the lattice of its parabolic subgroups. Moreover, each parabolic subgroup has a presentation given by restricting the presentation of the whole group.

Derived induction and restriction theory

Let $G$ be a finite group. To any family $\mathscr{F}$ of subgroups of $G$, we associate a thick $\otimes$-ideal $\mathscr{F}^{\mathrm{Nil}}$ of the category of $G$-spectra with the property that every $G$-spectrum in $\mathscr{F}^{\mathrm{Nil}}$ (which we call $\mathscr{F}$-nilpotent) can be reconstructed from its underlying $H$-spectra as $H$ varies over $\mathscr{F}$. A similar result holds for calculating $G$-equivariant homotopy classes of maps into such spectra via an appropriate homotopy limit spectral sequence. In general, the condition $E\in \mathscr{F}^{\mathrm{Nil}}$ implies strong collapse results for this spectral sequence as well as its dual homotopy colimit spectral sequence. As applications, we obtain Artin and Brauer type induction theorems for $G$-equivariant $E$-homology and cohomology, and generalizations of Quillen's $\mathcal{F}_p$-isomorphism theorem when $E$ is a homotopy commutative $G$-ring spectrum. We show that the subcategory $\mathscr{F}^{\mathrm{Nil}}$ contains many $G$-spectra of interest for relatively small families $\mathscr{F}$. These include $G$-equivariant real and complex $K$-theory as well as the Borel-equivariant cohomology theories associated to complex oriented ring spectra, any $L_n$-local spectrum, the classical bordism theories, connective real $K$-theory, and any of the standard variants of topological modular forms. In each of these cases we identify the minimal family such that these results hold.