Isometric Resistance Research Articles

Mixed comparison of intervention with eccentric, isometric, and heavy slow resistance for Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment Patella Questionnaire in adults with patellar tendinopathy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Mixed comparison of intervention with eccentric, isometric, and heavy slow resistance for Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment Patella Questionnaire in adults with patellar tendinopathy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Isometric Fatigue Resistance of Lumbar Extensors and Cardiovascular Strain in Lower Back Pain Patients Are Associated with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Tenascin-C Gene Polymorphisms

Background: We tested whether gene polymorphisms for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, rs1799752) and tenascin-C (TNC, rs2104772) are associated with variability in fatigue resistance and metabolic strain during static lumbar exercise through interactions with chronic nonspecific lower back pain and habitual physical exercise levels (PA). Methods: Forty-eight patients and matched controls performed an isometric endurance test for lumbar extensors. Metabolic strain to longissimus muscle (oxygen saturation, lactate) and cardiovascular system (muscle hemoglobin, blood pressure) and holding time were monitored. Subjects were genotyped for rs1799752 (II, ID, DD) and rs2104772 (AA, AT, TT). Associations of variance with group, genotype, and PA were analyzed under a 5% false discovery rate. Results: The holding time was lower in patients than in controls (150.9 vs. 188.6 s). This difference was associated with both genotypes, as patients with DD-rs1799752-genotype (p = 0.007) and TT-rs2104772-genotype (p = 0.041) showed lower fatigue resistance. Muscle deoxygenation during exercise varied in positive association with the rs2104772-genotype and PA (p = 0.010, η2 = 0.236). Mean arterial blood pressure (p = 0.028, η2 = 0.108) and recovery of hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.003, η2 = 0.907) demonstrated complex group x rs2104772 interactions. Conclusions: Polymorphisms rs1799752 and rs2104772 influence back pain-related variability in lumbar fatigue resistance. rs2104772 was linked to cardiovascular strain during isometric exercise and recovery via muscle perfusion.

Effect of Isometric Resistance Training and Kinesio-Taping on Rotator Cuff Muscle Injuries Among Club-Level Fast Bowlers

Background: Background: Rotator cuff injuries are common among club-level fast bowlers, leading to pain, weakness, and reduced performance. Effective rehabilitation strategies are crucial for enhancing recovery and preventing re-injury.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of isometric resistance training (IRT) combined with Kinesio-Taping (KT) in managing grade II rotator cuff muscle injuries among club-level fast bowlers.Methods: A total of 20 male fast bowlers with grade II rotator cuff injuries were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=10) or an experimental group (n=10). The experimental group underwent an 8-week rehabilitation protocol combining IRT and KT, while the control group received no specific intervention. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) questionnaire, physiotherapeutic tests, range of motion (ROM) measurements using a digital goniometer, and muscle strength evaluations through manual muscle testing. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests via SPSS version 25.Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in ROM (mean difference = -0.850, p=0.000) and muscle strength across all physiotherapeutic tests (e.g., Lift-Off Test, mean difference = 1.320, p=0.000), compared to the control group.Conclusion: The combined use of IRT and KT significantly improved shoulder function, ROM, and muscle strength in fast bowlers with rotator cuff injuries. These findings support the inclusion of these interventions in sports rehabilitation protocols.

Examining the Effects of Dynamic and Isometric Resistance Training on Knee Joint Kinetics During Unplanned Sidesteps in Elite Female Athletes.

Kadlec, D, Jordan, MJ, Alderson, J, and Nimphius, S. Examining the effects of dynamic and isometric resistance training on knee joint kinetics during unplanned sidesteps in elite female athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week block of isometric (isometricRT) and dynamic resistance training (dynamicRT) on kinetic variables associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk during unplanned sidesteps in elite female athletes. Twenty-one elite female athletes competing for a women's international rugby union team were recruited with 15 (n = 15; age: 23.4 ± 4.7 years; 170.7 ± 8.4 cm; 84.4 ± 15.4 kg) completing assessment of knee flexion moment, knee valgus moment (KVM), knee internal rotation moment (KIRM), knee joint power during unplanned sidesteps, and lower limb strength before and after a 4-week intervention. Linear mixed effects models and one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping assessed the effect of the interventions. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Postintervention the isometricRT group revealed reduced peak KVM during early stance (p = 0.04) while the dynamicRT group decreased peak KIRM (p < 0.01) and KIRM over 8.8-86.6% (p < 0.01) and 96.9-98.5% (p = 0.047). An exploratory combined group analysis revealed reductions in KVM over 7.9-21.8% (p = 0.002) and in KIRM over 8.3-90.5% (p < 0.01) and 96.2-98.5% (p = 0.046). Most lower limb isometric and dynamic strength measures increased after both resistance training interventions. Overall, both groups increased lower-body maximum strength while reducing kinetic knee joint variables associated with ACL injury risk during unplanned sidesteps. These results highlight the importance of increasing single-joint and multijoint strength in female athletes to mitigate the mechanical knee joint demands during sidestepping.

Muscle Changes during Direct Attack under Different Conditions in Elite Wheelchair Fencing.

The main objective of this study was to measure the speed and muscular participation of a direct attack gesture with and without fatigue in a sample of elite wheelchair fencers. The maximal isometric force, gestural speed, and resistance to gestural velocity were estimated in 10 elite performed direct fencers. The results revealed that sitting height and wingspan were important factors in achieving the highest speed, especially in women (r = 0.9; p = 0.07). Other factors, such as the elbow angle where the closed position was better, affected muscle contraction in both categories of athletes (p = 0.01). The onset of fatigue was earlier in category B than in category A, with greater variation in direct attack movement. The results highlight the importance of analyzing direct attacks for the best application of quick force, speed, and muscle participation, as well as identifying the onset of technical deterioration to devise a competitive strategy. These parameters may allow for precise design of conditioning sessions for elite wheelchair shooters.

Reliability and validity of a low-cost, wireless sensor and smartphone app for measuring force during isometric and dynamic resistance exercises.

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of an affordable wireless force sensor in measuring mean and peak forces during resistance training.A Suiff Pro wireless force sensor (Suiff, Spain) and a MuscleLab force platform (Ergotest, Norway) were used concurrently to assess tensile load and the ground reaction force resulting from an upright row exercise. Thirteen participants (28.2 ± 5.7 years, 76.2 ± 9.6 kg, 178.2 ± 9.2 cm) performed the exercise under three velocity conditions and isometrically. Each condition involved three sets of exercise. Mean (Fmean) and peak (Fpeak) force values from both sensors were collected and compared.Suiff Pro exhibited excellent reliability for Fmean and Fpeak (ICCs = 0.99). When compared to the criterion measures, Suiff Pro showed trivial standardized bias for Fmean (Mean = 0.00 [CI 95% = 0.00 to 0.01]) and Fpeak (-0.02 [-0.04 to 0.00]). The standardized typical error was also trivial for Fmean (0.03 [0.02 to 0.03]) and Fpeak (0.07 [0.05 to 0.09]). Correlations with the MuscleLab force platform were nearly perfect: Fmean (0.97 [0.94 to 0.98]; p<0.001); Fpeak (0.96 [0.92 to 0.97]; p<0.001).The findings demonstrate that the Suiff Pro sensor is reliable and valid device for measuring force during isometric and dynamic resistance training exercises. Therefore, practitioners can confidently use this device to monitor kinematic variables of resistance training exercises and to obtain real-time augmented feedback during a training session.

Resistance Training Practices of Brazilian Olympic Sprint and Jump Coaches: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Their Choices and Insights (Part III).

In the final part of this three-article collection on the training strategies of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches, we provide a detailed description of the resistance training methods and exercises most commonly employed by these speed experts. Always with the objective of maximizing the sprint and jump capabilities of their athletes, these experienced coaches primarily utilize variable, eccentric, concentric, machine-based, isometric, complex, and isoinertial resistance training methods in their daily practices. Squats (in their different forms), Olympic weightlifting, ballistics, hip thrusts, lunges, calf raises, core exercises, leg curls, stiff-leg deadlifts, and leg extension are the most commonly prescribed exercises in their training programs, during both the preparatory and competitive periods. Therefore, the current manuscript comprehensively describes and examines these methods, with the additional aim of extrapolating their application to other sports, especially those where sprint speed is a key performance factor.

Effect of Isometric and Dynamic Resistance Exercises on Functional Performance and Glycoprotein-bound Haemoglobin of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: An Interventional Study

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent articular and rheumatologic condition, impacting over 80% of individuals aged 55 and above. There exists a significant correlation between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and OA. Both Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and OA are common afflictions. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in alleviating pain and mitigating issues linked to the early stages of knee OA and DM. The rationale of this study is to determine whether isometric resistance exercise can achieve comparable or superior outcomes to dynamic resistance exercise in terms of long-term glycaemic control and physical function, while also being more tolerable for individuals with knee OA. Aim: To compare the efficacy of resistance exercises in diabetic patients with knee OA and specifically to examine how two resistance exercise protocols influence glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and functional performance. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was conducted using a convenience sampling technique. Approximately, 30 subjects were selected from the primary physiotherapy outpatient department in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The study lasted for 12 weeks, from July 2022 to September 2022. The total population was split into two groups: Group-A received dynamic resistance exercises, whereas Group-B underwent isometric resistance exercises. Both pre- and post-treatment evaluations were performed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index questionnaire (WOMAC), alongside measuring HbA1c levels in all participants. Care instructions emphasised weight reduction, maintaining a balanced diet, and avoiding prolonged periods of standing. Paired t test was used to compare the pre and post test WOMAC scores and p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Significant changes were observed in WOMAC scores and HbA1c pre-post comparison. The study revealed a statistically significant difference in reducing pain, enhancing functional performance, and lowering HbA1c levels among both groups (p≤0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that both groups experienced effective pain relief and reduced HbA1c levels after the treatment period. However, subjects treated with dynamic resistance exercises demonstrated greater enhancements in functional performance and reductions in HbA1c levels compared to the isometric resistance exercises.

Effects of a maintenance period on ambulatory blood pressure and morning blood pressure surge in young normotensives post isometric training.

Isometric resistance training (IRT) has emerged as an efficacious therapeutic intervention to reduce ambulatory blood pressure (BP), and BP diurnal variability. However, once the required decreases in BP have been achieved the efficacy of implementing a reduced maintenance dose is not understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an 8-week maintenance period (8-week) following the cessation of the prescribed 8-week IRT in young normotensives. Twenty-two recreationally active, not resistance trained, normotensive (24-h ambulatory SBP, ≥130mmHg) young adults were randomly assigned to a training-maintenance [TG-MT; n = 13 (female = 5); age 21 ± 2years] or a non-training control [CON; n = 9 (female = 4); age 23 ± 3years] group. Ambulatory BP, morning BP surge (MBPS) and average real variability (ARV) were measured prior to, after 8 weeks of bilateral leg IRT (4x2-minute contractions at 20% MVC with 2-min rest periods, 3days/week) and following an 8-week (once per week) maintenance period. On completion of the maintenance period the significant reductions seen following the IRT were maintained within the TG-MT group in 24-h ambulatory SBP (6 ± 4mmHg, p < 0.001), daytime (5 ± 5mmHg, p = 0.002), MBPS (7 ± 10mmHg, p = 0.019) and 24-h SBP ARV (2.03 ± 1.44mmHg, p = 0.001), daytime SBP ARV (2.04 ± 1.78mmHg, p = 0.003). These results show that reductions in ambulatory BP (24-h SBP and daytime SBP), in addition to BP diurnal variations (MBPS, 24-h SBP ARV and daytime SBP AVR) are maintained following an 8-week maintenance dose in young adults and add further weight to the growing body of evidence promoting IRT as an efficacious therapeutic exercise intervention to prevent or reduce BP.

Isometric Exercise and Inspiratory Muscle Training as the Antihypertensive Treatment in Elderly Population

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a common age related, chronic disorder affecting more than 1 billion people. The risk of developing hypertension is between the age of 55 to 65 years. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and isometric resistance training individually shows beneficial outcomes in a number of cardiovascular populations, which may potentially improve condition of elderly patients with hypertension. PURPOSE: To study the effectiveness of combined isometric resistance training and inspiratory muscle training on the change in blood pressure. METHODS: A total of 15 patients were included in the study based on the inclusion who were diagnosed with hypertension above 140/70 mmHg, both genders with age above 60 years, and the patients with any acute illness and other neurological, metabolic, pulmonary and systemic diseases were excluded from the study. All the participants were assessed for SBP and DBP before initiating the study using sphygmomanometer. All the participants were given isometric exercises and inspiratory muscle training for 3 weeks and the post-test measurements were obtained. The pre-test and post-test measurements were statistically analysed. RESULTS: The study shows a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post -test value of SBP ( -8.47 mmHg) and DBP (-3.2mmHg) with p value &lt;0.0001. CONCLUSION: Our findings and data suggest that this form of training has the potential to produce significant and clinically meaningful blood pressure reductions in the elderly population.

Exercise for Hypertension: New Recommendation Strategies for Blood Pressure Control

ABSTRACT Hypertension is a leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and premature death worldwide. Due to its undeniable antihypertensive effects, exercise training is advised as an effective nonpharmacological method of preventing, treating, and controlling hypertension by the main professional and scientific societies, including the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, European Society of Hypertension, American College of Sports Medicine, and Exercise and Sport Science Australia. In this review, we aim to summarize the current recommendations of exercise training for hypertension and discuss the emerging research supporting the integration of new exercise strategies, such as neuromotor and isometric resistance exercise, for the prevention and management of hypertension.

Synergic Effect of Isometric Resistance Training and Subthreshold Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation on the Excitability of Spinal Motoneurons in Humans

Synergic Effect of Isometric Resistance Training and Subthreshold Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation on the Excitability of Spinal Motoneurons in Humans

O.4.1-3 Effects of novel isometric resistance training on resting and ambulatory blood pressure measures: a comparison between exercise modes

Abstract Purpose Isometric resistance training (IRT) can reduce clinical resting, and ambulatory blood pressure measures (ABPM) irrespective of hypertensive status, yet adopted methods are expensive, require specialised equipment, and may limit accessibility for those with mobility restrictions. Previous work undertaken in our laboratory has established a novel isometric training band (ITB) and associated protocol as a method of safely performing acute IRT. However, the chronic effects of ITB on clinical resting blood pressure (BP) and ABPM remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate the novel IRT method by comparing the effects of the ITB on BP following 4-weeks of IRT. Methods Forty-two healthy normotensive adults (22 male, 20 female, [Mean ± SD], age 31 ± 14 years, height 170 ± 10 cm, mass 75 ± 16 kg, systolic [SBP], 120 ± 5 mmHg, diastolic [DBP], 72 ± 7 mmHg, mean arterial [MAP], 88 ± 6 mmHg, heart rate [HR[ 67 ± 12 bpm·-1) were randomised to a control (CON), isometric handgrip (IHG) or isometric training band (ITB) group. Clinical resting (SBP, DBP, MAP, &amp; HR) and ABPM (n = 38; 24-hour, daytime, and night-time SBP, DBP, MAP, &amp; HR) were measured pre-and post-4-weeks of supervised IRT (4 x 2-minute contractions at 30%MVC [IHG] or 4 x 2-minute contractions at CR-10 values equivalent to 30%MVC [ITB]). Data were analysed using two-way repeated measures ANOVAs to examine any significant (P &amp;lt;.05) within-and between group differences. Results Clinical resting SBP was reduced for IHG (-4.6 ± 3.6 mmHg, P &amp;lt;.05) and ITB (-4.5 ± 3 mmHg, P &amp;lt;.05) following 4-weeks of IRT. No differences were seen within-or between groups for clinical resting DBP and MAP or for resting HR (P &amp;gt;.05). No differences were found over time or between groups for ABPM (P &amp;gt;.05 across all measures). Conclusions These findings suggest 4-weeks of IRT using the novel ITB can elicit reductions in clinical resting BP in normotensives comparable to IHG. As such, the ITB may offer a practical and cost-effective alternative to long-established IRT methods. Yet further research is needed to ascertain the ABPM-lowering effects of the ITB for normotensive groups.

The Effects of High-Load Slow-Velocity Resistance Exercise Training in Athletes With Tendinopathy: A Critically Appraised Topic.

Tendinopathy is a musculoskeletal pathological condition experienced by athletes that can result in pain, impaired muscle performance, and loss of physical function and can hinder return to sports. Various types of resistance exercise training are effective for treating tendinopathy, including isometric, concentric, eccentric, and high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise. What are the effects of high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise training, compared with other forms of resistance exercise, on tendon morphology and patient-reported outcomes in athletes with tendinopathy? The findings of 4 randomized clinical trials were included. One study compared high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise with moderate-load slow-velocity resistance exercise. Two studies investigated the effects of high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise versus eccentric resistance exercise. The fourth study compared high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise with inertia-based resistance exercise. In all of the studies, high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise was as effective as the other forms of resistance exercise for improving patient-reported outcomes and pain. Three studies found no significant differences in changes in tendon morphology between patients who received high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise versus those who received the other forms of resistance exercise. One study showed that high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise was more effective than eccentric exercise for improving tendon morphology outcomes. Current evidence supports the use of high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise as a treatment option for patellar and Achilles tendinopathy in athletes. Results from level 2 studies suggest grade B evidence in support of high-load slow-velocity resistance exercise for treating athletes with tendinopathy.

Non-paretic leg movements can facilitate cortical drive to the paretic leg in individuals post stroke with severe motor impairment: Implications for motor priming.

Cross-education, a phenomenon where unilateral strength (or skill) training enhances strength (or skill) in the contralateral untrained limb, has been well studied in able-bodied individuals. Cross-education effect accompanies bilateral changes of corticomotor activity in the motor cortex (M1). Recent reports demonstrated greater cross-education effect in stroke survivors compared to healthy individuals, however, corticomotor responses to cross-education in stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of non-paretic leg movements on corticomotor excitability (CME) and reaction time of the paretic leg in severely impaired stroke survivors. Seventeen post stroke individuals with severe leg motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer lower extremity score less than 21 and absence of motor evoked potential in the paretic leg) performed three 20-min motor trainings using their non-paretic ankle: skill (targeted dynamic movements), strength (isometric resistance) and sham (sub-threshold electrical nerve stimulation). During training, verbal instructions were given to the participants to limit their movement to the non-paretic leg and this was confirmed with visual observation of the paretic leg. Transcranial magnetic stimulation measured CME of the contralateral pathways from the non-lesioned M1 to the non-paretic tibialis anterior (TA) muscle, ipsilateral pathways to the paretic TA and transcallosal inhibition (TCI) from the non-lesioned to lesioned M1. Paretic ankle reaction time was measured using a reaction time paradigm. All outcomes were measured before, immediately post, 30-min post and 60-min post priming. CME of the non-paretic TA increased after skill (.08 ± .10 mV) and strength (.06 ± .05 mV) training (p < .01). Ipsilateral CME of the paretic TA (.02 ± .01 mV) and TCI (.01 ± .01 s, ipsilateral silent period; more inhibition to the lesioned M1) increased after skill (p < .05) but not strength training. Reaction time of the paretic ankle improved after skill and strength training (-.11 ± .2 and -.13 ± .20 s, respectively; p < .05) and was sustained at 60 min. No changes were observed during the sham condition. Our findings may inform future studies for using non-paretic leg movements as a priming modality, especially for those who are contraindicated to other priming paradigms (e.g., brain stimulation) or unable to perform paretic leg movements. Conclusion: Non-paretic leg movements can be used as a priming modality, especially for those who are contraindicated to other priming paradigms (e.g., brain stimulation) or unable to perform paretic leg movements.

Effect of Scapular Retraction on Lower Trapezius, Infraspinatus, and Deltoid Muscle Electromyographic Activity During the Side-Lying Abduction Exercise.

The lower trapezius (LT) muscle, which stabilizes the scapula posteriorly during arm elevation, has been interesting to both clinicians and researchers for its importance in throwing-related shoulder rehabilitation and injury prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the electromyographic activity of the LT and other relevant muscles during scapular and shoulder activities in the side-lying position. Twenty collegiate baseball players volunteered to participate in this study. Electromyographic (EMG) output of the lower trapezius, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, middle deltoid, serratus anterior, and upper trapezius muscles were collected. All the subjects performed isometric resistance exercises in four arm positions: 0° horizontal abduction from the coronal plane (NEUT) with protraction (NEUT-PRO), 15° horizontal adduction from the coronal plane (HADD) with protraction (HADD-PRO), and NEUT with retraction (NEUT-RET), and HADD-RET in a side-lying isometric abduction exercise with two external loads: a 9.1 kg dumbbell and 40% of the manual muscle test (MMT). The subjects also performed two more isometric resistance exercises: supine protraction and side-lying external rotation (ER) of the glenohumeral (GH) joint in GH adduction at 90° of GH ER or with as much ER as possible. All raw EMG data were normalized to maximal voluntary isometric contraction (% MVIC) of the corresponding muscle. LT activity was significantly greater in HADD-RET with 9.1 kg than that of HADD-PRO (p < 0.001) (55 vs 21% MVIC) while middle deltoid muscle activity was significantly decreased in both NEUT and HADD-RET compared to that of NEUT and HADD-PRO (p < 0.001). In contrast, IS muscle activity was significantly increased in HADD-RET with 9.1 kg compared with that 40% MMT (p < 0.001) (41 vs 22% MVIC). LT activity was modulated by changes in scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joint positioning during a side-lying isometric abduction exercise. These findings may help clinicians to select exercises to improve scapular muscle balance ratios during rehabilitation of the shoulder complex. Level 3b, Controlled laboratory study.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HAND GRIP STRENGTH AMONG ADULT POPULATION VISITING A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction: It has been suggested that isometric handgrip resistance exercise be used as the rst line treatment for hypertension. This cross-sectional study sought to better understand the association between adult individual's systolic and diastolic blood pressures with hand grip strength. The present study is a cross-s Methods: ectional study done among 240 healthy participants aged 19-40 years. Clearance was obtained from Institutional Ethical Committee. Blood pressure was recorded following standard precautions. The average of the maximum handgrip strength from both hands were taken into consideration. General linear models were used to examine the association between handgrip strength and blood pressure. Data was analyzed by Independent t test and Pearson correlation test using software, SPSS version 26. Handgrip strength was signicantly and positively associated Results: with systolic blood pressure (P&lt;0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P&lt;0.001) and body mass Index (P&lt;0.05). There was an increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body mass index with increase in handgrip strength. High systolic and diastolic blood pressures w Conclusion: ere associated with increased handgrip strength in both men and women. This aids in controlling blood pressure and might have implications for early prevention

Short-term effects of Kinesio taping combined with cervical muscles multi-angle isometric training in patients with cervical spondylosis

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Kinesio taping (KT) combined with multi-angle isometric resistance training for cervical spondylosis.MethodsSixty-one patients were divided into two groups by random number table method. Both groups were given multi-angle isometric training, the patients in the observation group were supplemented with Kinesio taping. Before and after treatment, the symptoms of cervical spine function were evaluated in two groups by visual analogue scale (VAS), cervical dysfunction index (NDI), cervical range of motion and muscle stiffness.ResultsAfter 3 weeks of treatment, VAS, NDI scores and the cervical range of motion were significantly better than before (P < 0.05). The range of anterior flexion and extension was significantly larger than the control group (P < 0.05), but the range of other motions were not certain. The muscle stiffness in KT group were significantly lower than the control group.ConclusionKinesio taping combined with multi-angle isometric resistance training can further alleviate the clinical symptoms and correct the neck abnormal posture. But its effects on the range of cervical motion remain uncertain.

EFEITOS DO TREINO ISOMÉTRICO RESISTIDO SOBRE A ATIVIDADE MUSCULAR DOS MEMBROS INFERIORES

ABSTRACT Introduction The high muscular strength in the hip joint is the foundation of jumping ability. Isometric resistance training includes the process of takeoff and landing, recruiting a more extensive set of muscle groups. Objective Analyze the isometric resistance training effects on lower limb muscle activity, including the coactivation of the antagonist’s muscles. Methods By mathematical statistics, weight-bearing isometric resistance training effects on lower extremity maximal muscle strength and explosive power were observed. Changes in coactivation and preactivation levels of lower extremity antagonist muscles data are evaluated and compared before and after isometric resistance training. Results The peak angular velocity of the joints at the hip and ankle in the isometric resistance training group is significantly higher than the control group. There was no significant difference in the peak angular velocity of the knee between the groups (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion Isometric resistance training can shorten the return period, shorten the amortization period, and increase the energy conversion capacity in the muscle-tendon complex. Evidence level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the results.

Forelimb Resistance Exercise Protects Against Neuromuscular Junction Denervation in the SOD1-G93A Rat Model of ALS.

The symptoms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) include muscle weakness and eventual paralysis. These symptoms result from denervation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and motor neuron cell death in the brain and spinal cord. Due to the "dying back" pattern of motor neuron degeneration, protecting NMJs should be a therapeutic priority. Although exercise has the potential to protect against NMJ denervation, its use in ALS has been controversial. Most preclinical studies have focused on aerobic exercise, which report that exercise can be beneficial at moderate intensities. The effects of resistance exercise on NMJ preservation in limb muscles have not been explored. We trained male SOD1-G93A rats, which model ALS, to perform a unilateral isometric forelimb resistance exercise task. This task allows within-animal comparisons of trained and untrained forelimbs. We then determined the effects of isometric resistance exercise on NMJ denervation and AMP kinase (AMPK) activation in forelimb muscles. Our results revealed that SOD1-G93A rats were able to learn and perform the task similarly to wildtype rats, even after loss of body weight. SOD1-G93A rats exhibited significantly greater NMJ innervation in their trained vs their untrained forelimb biceps muscles. Measures of activated (phosphorylated) AMPK (pAMPK) were also greater in the trained vs untrained forelimb triceps muscles. These results demonstrate that isometric resistance exercise may protect against NMJ denervation in ALS. Future studies are required to determine the extent to which our findings generalize to female SOD1-G93A rats and to other subtypes of ALS.