Isolation Of Soil Fungi Research Articles

Stress priming affects fungal competition ‐ evidence from a combined experimental and modelling study

Priming, an inducible stress defence strategy that prepares an organism for an impending stress event, is common in microbes and has been studied mostly in isolated organisms or populations. How the benefits of priming change in the microbial community context and, vice versa, whether priming influences competition between organisms, remain largely unknown. In this study, we grew different isolates of soil fungi that experienced heat stress in isolation and pairwise competition experiments and assessed colony extension rate as a measure of fitness under priming and non-priming conditions. Based on this data, we developed a cellular automaton model simulating the growth of the ascomycete Chaetomium angustispirale competing against other fungi and systematically varied fungal response traits to explain similarities and differences observed in the experimental data. We showed that competition changes the priming benefit compared with isolated growth and that it can even be reversed depending on the competitor's traits such as growth rate, primeability and stress susceptibility. With this study, we transfer insights on priming from studies in isolation to competition between species. This is an important step towards understanding the role of inducible defences in microbial community assembly and composition.

The Ability of Fungi Isolated from Landfill in Decolorization of Liquid Waste of Batik Industry

Isolation of soil fungi from landfill in Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia was conducted. The aim was to investigate the fungal that potential to decolorize waste liquid batik home industry. Results showed that twenty-three species of filamentous fungi were successfuly isolated. All of the isolates were cultured in minimum salt medium containing waste liquid batik at concentration 25, 50, and 75%. At 75% waste, only 4 fungal isolates (Ys02, Ys13, Ys14, and Ys21) showed growth response. Cultured of the fungal isolates in minimum salt medium with 25% waste + 0.5% glucose were found three fungal isolates (Ys02, Ys14, and Ys21). Whereas, medium with 25% waste with no glucose were found only two fungal isolates (Ys14, and Ys21).

Incidence of Phosphate Solubilising Fungal Population in Soils of Barbara Forest of Odisha, India

The present study deals with the isolation of soil fungi from Barbara forest of Odisha and screening for their phosphate solubilising potential under submerged culture in presence of TCP and rock phosphate. The soil samples collected from 20 different sites showed pH ranged from 4.8 - 7.6. Analysis of soluble P content was ranged from 26.88-277.76 kg/ha. Evaluation of fungal population in soils of different sites exhibited the highest fungal count in site one (2.92±2.23cfu/g) followed by site 10 (2.7±0cfu/g). The maximum PSF was found in Site 2(0.625±0.25cfu/g) and 10(0.76±0.7cfu/g) soils. Among all fungal population of all sites of soils studied, six fungi were found as phosphate solubilisers having 1.28-1.5colonization index. Penicillium sp.showed higher TCP solubilisation potential (36.7±2.31%) whereas Aspergillus sp. had the capacity to solubilise Rock phosphate besides TCP also. Outcome of present study clearly indicate the presence of fungi with a good potential of mineral solubilisation in these soils. Further, experimental evidence is required to explore the possibility of these fungi for field application.

Effect of Certain Isolates of Soil Fungi on Take-All of Wheat

Of 41 soil fungi isolated from the roots of wheat 17 reduced the severity of take-all of wheat caused by Gaeomannomyces graminis var. tritici in unsterile yellow sand. Some isolates showing potential as biocontrol agents were tested in unsterile wheat-field soil. In such tests Phialophora fastigiata, P. malorum, P. hoffmanniiM and Penicillium patulam gave significant protection against take-all, but the best control was given by three species of Fusarium. The plants exposed to F. oxysporum and the take-all pathogen together produced shoots significantly more vigorous than uninoculated controls receiving no fungi. F. oxysporum also significantly increased the shoot weight of wheat in the absence of the pathogen.

Gentamicin as an antibiotic in dilution plates for the isolation of soil fungi

Gentamicin is found quite satisfactory as an antibiotic in dilution plates for the isolation of soil fungi. An increase in number of fungal colonies is also noticed on media containing gentamicin.