Isolated Choroid Plexus Cysts Research Articles

307 Isolated choroid plexus cysts in women

307 Isolated choroid plexus cysts in women <35 years old (low risk): Not an indication for amniocentesis

Counselling impact of three-dimensional imaging in perinatal consultation

Objective The medical and emotional impact of three-dimensional imaging will be reviewed in the context of perinatal consultation.Methods A literature review on three-dimensional (3D) imaging is compared to our experience with consecutive patients referred for perinatal consultation. High-resolution two-dimensional (2D) scanning and concurrent volume-mode imaging (Aloka 1700) were available for all patients. Informed consent for three-dimensional use was obtained to document patient acceptance. Patients with superficial defects underwent typical surface rendering, with images obtained by mechanical sweep in less than 4 s. Patients with defects requiring internal rendering underwent imaging with a new sectional technique similar to ‘tomogram’ slices. This rapidly produces volume-rendered images in a single plane with unique three-dimensional characteristics. No post-image processing was required, allowing immediate patient feedback. All patients were followed to delivery. Post-delivery neonatal images were obtained when possible. A follow-up patient survey is reported.Results Of 1639 consecutive patients, 2.9% were preconceptual, leaving 1591 available for high-resolution 2D scanning and concurrent volume-mode imaging (Aloka 1700). Abnormal ultrasound findings (positive examinations) were found in 537 of the 1591 ultrasound patients (33.7%). The percentage of positive scans ranged from 2% (1/50) for patients referred only for ‘3D’ to 67.2% for patients referred for a previous suspected abnormality on screening ultrasound (236/351). There were 386 patients with structural fetal abnormalities potentially amenable to volume rendering (24.2%). Consistently improved counselling occurred for major abnormalities such as chromosomal defects (14/14), abdominal wall defect (11/11), neural tube defect (11/11), cystic hygroma/lymphangioma (9/9), skeletal dysplasia (5/5), hydrops (7/7), ovarian mass (6/6), myoma (11/14) and fetal chest mass (5/5). Moderate image concordance was seen for nuchal thickness (4/8), renal dysgenesis and dilatation (37/76), and placental mass or separation (28/49). Lowest concordance was seen for ‘soft’ findings such as echogenic bowel (0/15), isolated single umbilical artery (0/9) and isolated choroid plexus cysts (4/34). If we include all ultrasound patients, 3D imaging had added counselling value in 10.5% of consultative visits. In a post-delivery follow-up interview, patient acceptance was high (no refusals) and up to 87% of patients felt the 3D imaging was ‘successful’. Despite this high acceptance, only 61 % thought 3D imaging should be used in routine obstetric ultrasound. The highest stated concern for routine use would be the potential added charges of the examination.Conclusion Volume-mode imaging of fetal abnormalities can provide powerful visual concordance for discussing normal and abnormal fetal development. Complex syndromes with superficial and deep architecture are accessible with a simple volume-mode planar scanning technique. Care must be taken to consider this tool as advanced practice sonography as the potential emotional and financial impact of routinely adding three-dimensional imaging is not yet understood.

Isolated fetal choroid plexus cysts: Role of ultrasonography in establishment of the risk of trisomy 18

Objective: The significance of isolated choroid plexus cysts found by ultrasonographic scan during the second trimester as a marker for trisomy 18 is still debated. We analyzed our data and reviewed the series published in the English-language literature to calculate the likelihood ratio of trisomy 18 in the presence of isolated choroid plexus cysts; that is, the factor by which the individual risk of trisomy 18 is increased in the presence of isolated choroid plexus cysts. Study Design: Likelihood ratios were calculated as ratio of the sensitivity to the false-positive rate. Sensitivity was defined as the rate of isolated choroid plexus cysts detected at midgestation among fetuses with trisomy 18. False-positive rate was defined as the rate of choroid plexus cysts detected at midgestation in the population without trisomy 18. The sensitivities of all published series reporting rates of choroid plexus cysts at the time of the first ultrasonographic examination between 14 and 24 weeks’ gestation in populations with trisomy 18 and in low-risk populations were included in the analysis. To these we added all cases of trisomy 18 diagnosed at our institution during the period January 1, 1988, through June 30, 1998, in which prenatal ultrasonographic examination was performed between 14 and 24 weeks’ gestation. Results: The prevalence of second-trimester ultrasonographic detection of isolated choroid plexus cysts among fetuses with trisomy 18 was 6.7% (13/194), whereas that in the population without trisomy 18 was 0.9% (752/79,583). The likelihood ratio associated with isolated choroid plexus cysts was therefore 7.09 (95% confidence interval, 3.97-12.18). Conclusion: The presence of isolated second-trimester choroid plexus cysts increases the base risk of trisomy 18 by a factor of 7.09. This likelihood ratio can be multiplied by the risk calculated according to maternal age to obtain the individual risk of trisomy 18 and thus permit more accurate counseling of the patient. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182:972-7.)

More on management of choroid plexus cysts in the mid-trimester fetus.

EDITORIAL COMMENT: We have published this pair of letters as a feature rather than in the correspondence column so it will not be lost to reference in the literature. Readers are also referred to a recently published review of the world literature concerning the risks of trisomies 18 and 21 in the second‐trimester fetus with an isolated choroid plexus cyst (A). This study concluded that ‘the likelihood of trisomy 18 was 13.8 times greater than the a priori risk in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts diagnosed in the second trimester. However, the likelihood of trisomy 21 was not significantly greater than the a priori risk with isolated choroid plexus cysts.’ N.B.(A) Yoder PR, Sabbagha RE, Gross SJ, Zelop CM. The second‐trimester fetus with isolated choroid plexus cysts: A meta‐analysis of risk of trisomies 18 and 21. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93: 869–8721. Choong S, Meagher S, Management of choroid plexus cysts in the mid‐trimester fetus Aust NZ J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 39: 7–112. Goldstein H, Philip J. A cost‐benefit analysis of prenatal diagnosis by amniocentesis in Denmark. Clinical Genetics 1990; 37: 24–2633. Gupta J, Thornton J, Lilford R. Management of fetal choroid plexus cyst. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 104: 881–886.4. Gratton R, Hogge W, Ashton C. Choroid plexus cysts and Trisomy 18: Risk modification based on maternal age and multiple‐marker screening. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 175: 1493–1497Associate Professor Lachlan de Crespigny, Head of Ultrasound, Royal Women's Hospital, Carlton, Melbourne and Associate Professor Julian Savulescu Director, Ethics Unit, The Murdoch Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne and Dr Leslie J Sheffield, Director of Education and Training, Victorian Clinical Genetic Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne.

Association of sex of the fetus in isolated fetal choroid plexus cysts.

We sought to determine if an association exists between sex of the fetus and the finding of isolated fetal choroid plexus cysts. Of 131 fetuses, 62 were male (47.3%) and 69 were female (52.7%). No statistically significant differences were found in the maternal demographic parameters studied (age, race, gravidity, parity, sonogram timing) or descriptive cyst information obtained (location, number, dimensions, resolution), although bilaterality was more common in male fetuses. The determination that isolated choroid plexus cysts are seen equally frequently in male and female fetuses adds to basic information about such a common sonographic finding.

Choroid plexus cysts: Is biochemical testing a valuable adjunct to targeted ultrasonography?

Objective: We sought to determine whether biochemical testing is a valuable adjunct to ultrasonography in selecting patients with fetal choroid plexus cysts for amniocentesis. Study Design: The study population consists of 128 patients who had fetal choroid plexus cysts detected during ultrasonography performed between 18 and 22 weeks’ gestation. The patients had genetic counseling, and amniocentesis and biochemical testing were offered to all patients. The data were analyzed by dividing the patients into 3 groups. Group 1 had targeted ultrasonography only, group 2 had ultrasonography and maternal serum α-fetoprotein testing, and group 3 had ultrasonography and triple-screen (maternal serum α-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and estriol) testing. Outcome was determined by fetal karyotype or by neonatal examination by a pediatrician for patients who declined amniocentesis. Results: There were 25 patients in group 1. Isolated choroid plexus cysts were detected in 20 fetuses, and all had normal outcomes. Additional anomalies were detected in 5 fetuses. Two had normal karyotypes, and 3 had trisomy 18. There were 52 patients in group 2. The maternal serum α-fetoprotein levels were normal in 44 patients, 41 of whom had isolated fetal choroid plexus cysts. Of these 44 patients, 40 had normal outcomes, and 1 patient had a fetus with trisomy 18. The remaining 3 patients with normal maternal serum α-fetoprotein levels had additional fetal anomalies on ultrasonography, but the karyotypes were normal. The maternal serum α-fetoprotein levels were abnormal in 8 patients, of whom 6 had fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts and normal karyotypes. Two patients had additional fetal anomalies detected on ultrasonography and had abnormal karyotypes, 1 with trisomy 21 and 1 with trisomy 18. There were 51 patients in group 3. Results of the triple screen were normal in 32 patients. The choroid plexus cysts were isolated in 29 of the 32 patients, and all 29 fetuses had normal karyotypes. The other 3 patients with normal triple-screen results had additional fetal anomalies on ultrasonography. One fetus had normal chromosomes, and 2 had trisomy 18. The remaining 19 patients had abnormal triple-screen results. Among them, 16 fetuses had isolated choroid plexus cysts, 13 of whom were normal, 2 had trisomy 18, and 2 had a de novo unbalanced translocation. The remaining 3 fetuses had additional anomalies, and all 3 fetuses had trisomy 18. There were 14 fetuses with significant chromosomal abnormalities. Nine mothers were <35 years old, and 5 were ≥35 years old. Conclusions: This study shows the following: (1) The triple screen is a useful adjunct to targeted ultrasonography in selecting patients with fetal choroid plexus cysts for amniocentesis. (2) A normal triple-screen result and the absence of additional fetal anomalies on ultrasonography reliably exclude an underlying chromosomal abnormality, and amniocentesis is not indicated. (3) If the triple-screen result is abnormal, additional anomalies are seen on ultrasonography, or the mother is aged ≥35 years, then fetal karyotyping is recommended. (4) Patients who decline fetal karyotyping should have follow-up ultrasonography in 34 weeks’ time. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;181:260-5.)

A role for maternal serum screening in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts: a prospective multicentre study

A prospective multicentre study was performed to identify patients with fetal choroid plexus cysts and examine the association between choroid plexus cysts and chromosome abnormalities in the context of variables such as maternal age, serum triple-screen results, race, other prenatally-identified fetal anomalies and cyst characteristics. A total of 18 437 scans were performed in 5 centres and 257 fetuses were identified with choroid plexus cysts. Outcome was available on 250 patients, and of these, chromosomal abnormalities were detected in a total of 13 (5.2 per cent) fetuses. 26 patients in the group had additional ultrasound abnormalities, and 8 of these had fetal chromosome abnormalities. Among the 224 patients with isolated choroid plexus cysts, 5 (2.2 per cent) were found to have chromosomal abnormalities. All cases with identified chromosomal abnormalities were associated with an additional risk factor, such as other ultrasound findings, advanced maternal age or abnormal maternal serum triple-screen results.

A role for maternal serum screening in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts: a prospective multicentre study

A role for maternal serum screening in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts: a prospective multicentre study

The significance of choroid plexus cysts in an unselected population: results of a multicenter study.

Choroid plexus cysts are commonly found at the time of a routine second-trimester scan, but there is much debate as to their clinical significance. The aims of this study were to define the incidence of choroid plexus cysts in an unselected population and describe their association with aneuploidy. This was a prospective, observational multicenter study. Subjects were all fetuses found to have choroid plexus cysts with a maximum diameter of 3 mm or greater and who were between 14 and 24 weeks' gestation when scanned in the routine ultrasound department at any of the 13 participating hospitals. There were 658 fetuses with choroid plexus cysts in a total of 101,600 births. The overall incidence of aneuploidy was 2.1%, but in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts the incidence of proven aneuploidy was 0.5% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-1.4%). If age is taken into consideration, then the incidence of aneuploidy in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts where the mother is under the age of 36 years was 0.36% (95% CI, 0.04-1.3%), and 2.4% (95% CI, 0.06-12.6%) in older women. We conclude that the presence of choroid plexus cysts increases the risk for aneuploidy, mainly trisomy 18. In the majority of cases, the final risk will remain small, but will increase as maternal age increases.

The Isolated Choroid Plexus Cyst

In Brief Objective To describe the karyotypes of a population of fetuses with choroid plexus cysts and compare affected fetuses with and without additional ultrasonographic findings. Methods The study population included all patients undergoing second-trimester ultrasound examination in a prenatal diagnostic program between January 1993 and October 1995. The records of all cases in which a choroid plexus cyst was found were reviewed, and information was abstracted regarding the fetal karyotype and the presence of other sonographic abnormalities. Results Two hundred ten cases of choroid plexus cysts were identified among 7617 patients (2.8%) who underwent second-trimester ultrasound examination. The majority of the cases (181, or 86%) involved isolated choroid plexus cysts and the remaining 29 (14%) were associated with additional ultrasonographic findings. Autosomal aneuploidy was found in one patient with an isolated choroid plexus cyst (trisomy 21) and in another with additional findings (trisomy 18); the mothers of both of these patients were at least 35 years old. For those fetuses with known outcome, the risk of aneuploidy with isolated choroid plexus cyst (one in 180) was not statistically significantly different from that associated with choroid plexus cyst accompanied by other sonographic findings (one in 26). More than 1000 fetuses with choroid plexus cysts would have to be studied to determine whether such a difference was real. Conclusion Because of the rarity of aneuploidy, the reported risk for a fetus with an isolated choroid plexus cyst must be interpreted cautiously and should include the baseline risk. The reported risk of aneuploidy for a fetus with an isolated choroid plexus cyst should be interpreted cautiously and should include the baseline fetal risk.

The isolated choroid plexus cyst

Objective: To describe the karyotypes of a population of fetuses with choroid plexus cysts and compare affected fetuses with and without additional ultrasonographic findings. Methods: The study population included all patients undergoing second-trimester ultrasound examination in a prenatal diagnostic program between January 1993 and October 1995. The records of all cases in which a choroid plexus cyst was found were reviewed, and information was abstracted regarding the fetal karyotype and the presence of other sonographic abnormalities. Results: Two hundred ten cases of choroid plexus cysts were identified among 7617 patients (2.8%) who underwent second-trimester ultrasound examination. The majority of the cases (181, or 86%) involved isolated choroid plexus cysts and the remaining 29 (14%) were associated with additional ultrasonographic findings. Autosomal aneuploidy was found in one patient with an isolated choroid plexus cyst (trisomy 21) and in another with additional findings (trisomy 18); the mothers of both of these patients were at least 35 years old. For those fetuses with known outcome, the risk of aneuploidy with isolated choroid plexus cyst (one in 180) was not statistically significantly different from that associated with choroid plexus cyst accompanied by other sonographic findings (one in 26). More than 1000 fetuses with choroid plexus cysts would have to be studied to determine whether such a difference was real. Conclusion: Because of the rarity of aneuploidy, the reported risk for a fetus with an isolated choroid plexus cyst must be interpreted cautiously and should include the baseline risk.

Choroid plexus cysts and aneuploidy.

The association of choroid plexus cysts with fetal aneuploidy, particularly trisomy 18, was first noted in 1986. Through the years there have been numerous reports on this subject, but no...

The Apparently Isolated Choroid Plexus Cyst: Importance of Minor Abnormalities in Predicting the Risk for Aneuploidy

Objectives: To assess the risk of aneuploidy in cases of isolated choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) and to compare the risk when associated with minor or major anomalies. Methods: All fetuses with CPCs and known karyotype were identified. CPCs were categorized as ‘isolated’ or associated with minor or major sonographic anomalies. Preexisting risk factors for aneuploidy were compared between groups. The frequency of aneuploidy was compared between fetuses with isolated CPCs and those with CPCs associated with minor or major anomalies. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance or chi-square as appropriate with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: One hundred and forty-nine fetuses with CPCs diagnosed at a mean gestational age of 19 weeks were identified. No significant differences in the frequency of preexisting risk factors for aneuploidy were identified between groups. Eighteen of 149 (12%) fetuses with CPCs had other sonographic anomalies; in 10 they were minor, and 2 of the 10 had abnormal karyotypes. Four of 8 fetuses with major anomalies were aneuploid. All 131 fetuses with isolated CPCs had normal karyotypes, and all aneuploid fetuses had additional anomalies. Conclusions: The overall rate of aneuploidy in patients with CPCs was 4% with no abnormal karyotypes among isolated CPCs. The presence of even minor sonographic abnormalities substantially increased the risk of aneuploidy. Isolated CPCs identified sonographically may not place the patient at risk of aneuploidy, but should prompt a diligent search for other minor or major anomalies. The finding of any other anomaly warrants consideration for karyotypic evaluation.

Isolated Choroid Plexus Cysts and Aneuploidy

Prenatal DiagnosisVolume 17, Issue 8 p. 785-785 Correspondence Isolated Choroid Plexus Cysts and Aneuploidy Mark Kilby, Corresponding Author Mark Kilby Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorMartin Whittle, Martin Whittle Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorLynn North, Lynn North Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorJ. McHugo, J. McHugo Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this author Mark Kilby, Corresponding Author Mark Kilby Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorMartin Whittle, Martin Whittle Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorLynn North, Lynn North Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorJ. McHugo, J. McHugo Division of Fetal Medicine. Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, U.K.Search for more papers by this author First published: 28 April 1999 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0223(199708)17:8<785::AID-PD145>3.0.CO;2-NCitations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume17, Issue8August 1997Pages 785-785 RelatedInformation

Isolated Choroid Plexus Cysts and Aneuploidy

Isolated Choroid Plexus Cysts and Aneuploidy

Choroid plexus cysts: Infant and early childhood developmental outcome

To determine the infant and early childhood developmental outcome associated with choroid plexus cysts diagnosed prenatally. Between January 1990 and August 1995, 8270 women underwent second-trimester ultrasound examinations. All women whose fetuses were diagnosed as having choroid plexus cyst(s) underwent ultrasonographic detailed anatomy survey, were offered fetal karyotyping, and were followed with serial ultrasounds. Fetal karyotype, associated structural anomalies, maternal serum triple analyte screen, neonatal outcomes, and infant and early childhood developmental milestones were recorded. The children were followed subsequently, and developmental assessment was performed with a modified Denver II Developmental Screening Test. A diagnosis of choroid plexus cyst was made in 89 fetuses (1.1%). The mean (+/-standard deviation [SD]) gestational age at diagnosis was 18.2 +/- 1.9 weeks (range 15-22). The cysts varied in size and laterality, with a mean (+/-SD) size of 5.9 +/- 3.3 mm (range 1-23). Three of the 61 women who underwent testing for fetal karyotype (4.9%) had abnormal karyotypes identified. All three karyotypes were trisomy 18, and all three trisomy 18 fetuses had additional sonographic abnormalities. All 28 women who chose not to undergo fetal karyotypic analysis delivered phenotypically normal infants. Infant and childhood developmental follow-up was performed on 76 children with cysts diagnosed prenatally. The mean (+/-SD) length of childhood follow-up was 35.5 +/- 16.2 months (range 12-82). All 76 children were found to be developmentally normal by the Denver II Developmental Screening Test. These observations suggest that the finding of isolated choroid plexus cysts is not associated with delayed infant and early childhood development or an increased risk of abnormal karyotype. The presence of isolated choroid plexus cysts does not warrant intensive infant and early childhood follow-up.

Choroid plexus cysts—Association with trisomy: Prospective review of 16,059 patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of isolated choroid plexus cysts in association with trisomy 18 and other abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN: All patients from June 1992 through December 1995 were followed up after a screening ultrasonography. Any patient with a choroid plexus cyst was offered genetic counseling and an amniocentesis. Screening ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 16,059 patients, and 301 patients had a fetus with a choroid plexus cyst. One hundred thirty patients elected to have an amniocentesis. Patients were followed up to delivery. RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-three patients had an isolated choroid plexus cyst. Thirty-eight patients had a choroid plexus cyst associated with additional risk factors. Risk factors included advanced maternal age, additional ultrasonographic abnormalities, past obstetric history, or family history. No abnormalities were noted in the group with an isolated choroid plexus cyst. Four patients had an abnormality when the choroid plexus cyst was associated with an additional risk factor, including two patients with trisomy 18 and one with trisomy 21. CONCLUSION: An isolated choroid plexus cyst was not associated with a trisomy or other abnormalities in this study. When a choroid plexus cyst was associated with an additional risk factor, 10.5% of the patients had an abnormality. Amniocentesis is recommended when a choroid plexus cyst is found in association with additional risk factors. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;176:1381-3.)

Isolated fetal choroid plexus cysts: not an indication for genetic diagnosis?

Offering invasive prenatal cytogenetic testing in cases of isolated choroid plexus cysts is controversial. To give a contribution to this discussion we recorded prospectively the course of 41 fetuses with cysts of the choroid plexus diagnosed in 4,326 pregnancies sonographically scanned in our center between January 1994 and August 1995. The fetuses were all in the 13th to 24th week of gestation, with an average of 19.3 weeks. Only 1 of these fetuses (with large bilateral choroid plexus cysts) had further sonographically visible malformations (renal and cardiac anomalies, malposition of the hands). 34 fetuses had bilateral and 7 one-sided plexus cysts. 38 of the 41 patients decided on invasive diagnosis; karyotyping was successful in all these cases. The complete follow-up until 5 days after birth is known in 38 fetuses, including 3 without genetic diagnosis. A chromosomal aberration was detectable only in 1 fetus (trisomy 18, this fetus had the additional malformations described above), the other fetuses all displaying neither chromosomal nor morphological abnormalities. All fetuses, excluding 1 (the pregnancy was terminated due to trisomy 18) were re-examined before the 25th week of gestation, plexus cysts only still being visible in 3 fetuses. By the 30th week of gestation in these 3 fetuses the cysts had also disappeared. Furthermore, 20 pregnancies with confirmed trisomy 18 diagnosed between 1990 and 1996 were analyzed retrospectively. In 19 cases heart defects had been detected by prenatal ultrasound, cervical hygroma being less common (6 cases) and other malformations still rarer. Choroid plexus cysts had, however, been seen only in the 1 case described above. There was no case of isolated choroid plexus cysts in this group. From our data and current literature we conclude that isolated choroid plexus cysts are not an absolute indication for fetal karyotyping. In our opinion a detailed ultrasound assessment to seek for further malformations in a specialized center would be necessary if fetal choroid plexus cysts have been diagnosed, and only if additional fetal malformations are indeed detectable a fetal karyotype should be recommended.

Genetic amniocentesis is indicated in cases with isolated choroid plexus cysts

Genetic amniocentesis is indicated in cases with isolated choroid plexus cysts

Is the presence of isolated choroid plexus cyst(s) an indication for amniocentesis?

Is the presence of isolated choroid plexus cyst(s) an indication for amniocentesis?