Isokinetic System Research Articles

Effects of Acupuncture on Explosive Force Production by the Healthy Female Shoulder Joint.

Background Acupuncture is often used to treat chronic conditions, such as pain. In recent years, given the importance of the explosive forces generated by shoulder muscles for the completion of motor tasks, studies in which nerves were stimulated through acupuncture to increase the explosive forces were conducted. This study explored the effect of acupuncture on explosive force production by the muscles of the female shoulder joint. Methods Eighteen healthy women underwent shoulder adduction (Add), abduction (Abd), flexion (Flex), and extension (Ext) tests with an isokinetic measurement system. Acupuncture was used to stimulate the Zhongfu (LU1), Tianfu (LI3), Xiabai (LU4), Binao (LI14), Naohui (SJ13), Jianliao (SJ14), and Xiaoluo (SJ12) points, and electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded before and after acupuncture. Results After acupuncture, there was a significant difference in the average maximum work, the average maximum power, the average maximum speed, the total work in Add/Abd and Flex/Ext, the EMG signals, and the stiffness of the muscles in Abd and Ext (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the average maximum torque in Abd or Flex. Conclusion Based on the results, there may be a significant correlation between the manipulation of different acupoints by acupuncture and the average maximum torque and stiffness. Acupuncture may stimulate nerves to activate muscles and induce a postactivation potentiation effect that improves explosive force production. Therefore, acupuncture as an auxiliary tool may increase the explosive forces generated by acupoint-related muscles by stimulating nerves.

The Importance of Functional Hamstring/Quadriceps Ratios in Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint condition. Muscle dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of knee OA. It has been suggested that the agonist-antagonist strength relationship for the knee may be better described by a functional hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio (Hconcentric/Qeccentric: the representative of knee flexion and Qeccentric/Hconcentric: the representative of knee extension). Therefore, in this study, the authors aimed to investigate this ratio and its importance for knee OA. Cross-sectional study. Research clinic. Patients or Other Participant(s): Twenty healthy women and 20 women with grade 2 or grade 3 primer knee OA between the age of 50 and 80 years were included in this study. Concentric and eccentric peak torque of quadriceps and hamstring muscles were evaluated for all individuals in patient and control groups with a Cybex isokinetic device. Functional H/Q ratio is calculated manually. Functional H/Q torque ratios were analyzed between the patients with OA and healthy individuals by using the isokinetic system. The values of peak torque of hamstring concentric and eccentric and quadriceps concentric for the patient group were significantly lower than the control group (P < .05). No statistically important difference was found for quadriceps eccentric peak torque between 2 groups (P > .05). H/Q ratio for extension in the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (P < .05), whereas the H/Q ratio for flexion in the patient group was significantly lower than the control group (P < .05). This study showed the weakness of both quadriceps and hamstring muscles in patients with knee OA. The combination of functional H/Q ratio with hamstring and quadriceps muscles concentric and eccentric strength values can help to analyze the knee functions and develop preventive-therapeutic approaches for knee OA.

No effect of tourniquet in primary total knee arthroplasty on muscle strength, functional outcome, patient satisfaction and health status: a randomized clinical trial.

Tourniquet use during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may negatively impact the early postoperative functional recovery due to molecular effects of ischaemia. The hypothesis of the present study was that primary TKA without a tourniquet positively influences the postoperative muscle strength, functional outcome, patient satisfaction and health status. The monocentric, randomized, controlled trial included a total of 99 patients scheduled to undergo primary TKA (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02475603). The patients were randomly assigned to the tourniquet (n = 50) or non-tourniquet (n = 49) group after receiving a written informed consent. As primary outcome parameter, the functional outcome, patient expectation/satisfaction and the health status were assessed preoperatively, 6weeks, 6months postoperatively using Oxford knee score, WOMAC score, Mancuso score, EQ-5D index, EQ-VAS, anxiety score, depression score, hospital anxiety and depression scale, respectively. Additionally, a rope pulley isokinetic system (Moflex, Recotec/Bernina, Switzerland) was applied to quantify the muscle strength preoperatively, 1week, 6weeks and 6months postoperatively. No difference in any of the outcome parameters could be observed between the groups at all time points after TKA (n.s.). Also the isokinetic muscle strength of the knee joint as quantified by concentric/eccentric peak force (N), workload (J), total workload (J) and power (W) did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups and time points. However, in both groups improved results were found with respect to the functional outcome, patient satisfaction, health status and isokinetic muscle strength up to 6months postoperatively. The application of the tourniquet did not affect the isokinetic muscle strength, the functional outcome, the patient satisfaction and the health status following primary TKA. However, with and without tourniquet use, the level of the knee functionality, the patient satisfaction as well as the health status improved significantly. I.

The association between the isokinetic muscle strength and lower extremity injuries in young male football players

BackgroundValidating any screening test to predict and prevent football injuries is in need of identifying related risk factors through prospective designs. In spite of the extensive use of strength testing in football players, there are limited studies investigating the relationship between isokinetic muscle strength and injury risk in young football players. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between isokinetic strength and the risk of lower extremity injury among Iranian young football players. Methodology: seventy three U-21 football players participated in this study. Isokinetic strength of hip, knee and ankle muscles were measured using the Isokinetic system pro 4. Injuries and exposure in training and matches were registered prospectively by club medical staff for one season. ResultsSignificant relationships were revealed between the isokinetic strength of hip abductor and adductor muscles, and isokinetic strength ratio of hip abductor/adductor muscles at an angular speed of 30°/sec, the isokinetic strength of hip abductor muscles at 90°/sec, and isokinetic strength of knee flexor and extensor muscles at 60°/sec and knee flexor/extensor strength ratio at angular velocities of 60°/sec with the injury occurrence among football players.Conclusion: lower extremity isokinetic strength indices are associated with injuries in young male football players.

Effects Of Eccentric Training Combined To Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On Electromechanical Delay Of Peroneal Muscles In Individuals With Functional Ankle Instability

The electromechanical delay (EMD) represents the time required by the muscles to provide a protective response to an injurious mechanism. Individuals with functional ankle instability (FAI) have showed longer EMD times for the peroneal muscles (EMD-P) than ankles of healthy individuals; which is thought to increase the risk of the recurrence of ankle sprains. However, there’s currently no noninvasive treatment to shorten EMD-P. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of eccentric training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on the EMD time of peroneal muscles during eccentric muscle action in individuals with FAI. METHODS: This was a three-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Thirty-nine volunteers (21 ± 3ys) with FAI were randomly assigned to control (CON; n = 13), eccentric training (ECC; n = 13), or eccentric training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation groups (ECC+NMES; n = 13). The control group received conventional rehabilitation therapy (CRT), involving strength and balance training. The ECC group performed isokinetic concentric and eccentric training of the peroneal muscles based on CRT. The ECC+NMES group received NMES simultaneous to the isokinetic training. Both groups trained 3 days/week for eight weeks. The EMD-P was calculated when peroneal muscles contracted eccentrically at 90./s using the isokinetic system before and after training. A one-way ANOVA was used to look at the differences in EMD-P between three groups. RESULTS: No significant differences existed for EMD-P among the groups before training (F = 0.295, P > 0.05). Compared with pre-training, the EMD-P was significantly shorter in the ECC group (133 ± 8 vs. 127 ± 8 ms, P < 0.05) and ECC+NMES groups (135 ± 11 vs. 119 ± 9 ms, P < 0.05). However, no change occurred in CON (134 ± 7 vs. 135 ± 10 ms, P > 0.05). The ECC group showed a significant lower EMD-P Compared with CON after training (127 ± 8 vs. 135 ± 10 ms, P = 0.027), whilst EMD-P was shorter after training in ECC+NMES compared with ECC (119 ± 9 vs. 127 ± 8 ms, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Eccentric training effectively shortened the EMD-P in individuals with FAI compared with conventional treatment. However, ECC combined with NMES further enhanced the reduction in EMD-P. Therefore, ECC+NMES could be an effective treatment for FAI.

Effects of Tai Chi on partial anterior cruciate ligament injury: A single-blind, randomized-controlled trial.

This study aims to investigate the effects of Tai Chi (TC) exercises on muscle strength, pain, proprioception, and knee function in patients with partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Between March 2017 and January 2018, a total of 58 patients with partial ACL injuries (30 male, 28 female; mean age 25.5±6.4; range, 18 to 36 years) were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: TC group (n=29) and control group (n=29). For both groups, an activity modification approach was applied. The TC group participated in a 24-week TC exercise program, while no exercise or home-based program was administered to the control group. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion muscle strengths were evaluated at angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec. The visual analog scale (VAS), isokinetic system, Lysholm Knee Scale (LKS), and International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 (IKDC-2000) were used for the evaluation of pain, proprioception, and knee function, respectively. Significant changes were found in the TC group for the knee extensor muscle strength measured at an angular velocity of 60°/sec (p=0.012) and 180°/sec (p=0.011), VAS pain (p=0.005), and proprioception (measured with isokinetic device) (p<0.001). While knee extensor muscle strength, pain, proprioception, LKS, and IKDC-2000 scores improved in the TC group, improvements were recorded only for LKS and IKDC-2000 scores in the control group. Based on these results, we conclude that TC exercises can yield positive outcomes on the knee extensor muscle strength, pain, proprioception and knee function in patients with partial ACL injuries. Hence, TC exercises can be used as a novel method by researchers and clinicians in the treatment of partial ACL injuries.

Examination of Bilateral and Unilateral Isokinetic Leg Strengths of Taekwondo Athletes and Boxers

The purpose of this research is to examine the maximal isokinetic leg strengths of male athletes who work in different branches of taekwondo and boxing, both bilateral and unilateral, as right and left legs. Totally 32 athletes, including taekwondo athletes (n = 16) and boxer (n = 16), participated in the study. In the 2016-2017 season, the average age of these athletes is x̄ = 21.5. Biodex isokinetic system 4-Pro analyzing device was used in the study and 180 &amp;deg; / s flexion and extension right and left leg maximal strength measurements were made from this measurement. Before the measurements, the athletes performed the exercise program including 15 minutes of warm-up movements and the maximal strength measurement was applied to each athlete 2 times. Their best performances were recorded and evaluated. When the findings of the study were examined, the right extension, right flexion, left extension, and left extension isokinetic strengths of the taekwondo athletes were found to be higher than the boxers. There was a very high and meaningful correlation found between right flexion and left flexion isokinetic strengths in the boxers between right extension and left extension isokinetic strengths. In Taekwondo athletes, there was a weak and meaningless correlation between right flexion and left flexion kinetic strengths and a positive correlation was found between right extension and left extension isokinetic strengths. Consequently, it was seen that isokinetic maximal leg strength of taekwondo athletes was higher than boxers. It is believed that this is due to the more intensive use of lower extremity muscles in taekwondo. Besides, in this research, there was a very high correlation between the right and left extension of the boxers and isokinetic leg strengths at the flexion while there was a weak meaningless correlation between the right flexion and left flexion isokinetic strengths of the taekwondo athletes, and a positive correlation was found between the right extension and the left extension isokinetic strengths. Thus, in the right and left isokinetic leg strength values of the boxers there was closeness, and in the right and left isokinetic strength values of them it can be said there was not so much closeness exists.

PO-299 Isokinetic Assessment of Lower Extremities in Chinese Elite Male Figure Skaters

Objective Figure skating is a kind of sport that is a unique combination of art and athleticism. In recent years, the increased emphasis on jumping skills has become apparent, the number of quadruple jump in 2018 winter olympic game was 2.2 times in short program and 2.5 times in long program in the top six male figure skating athletes’s program choreography compared with the 2014.The demand for more jumping skills has resulted in an increased demand for lower extremity strength, power, and “power endurance” to achieve high-difficulty skills while fatigued.But there are few researches about the strength characteristics of figure skaters.. Present research project aimed to analyse the characteristic of lower extremities strength of chinese elite male figure skaters.&#x0D; Methods 13 nationally ranked male figure skaters volunteered for this study ([M±SD] n=13, height 175.0±5.8 cm, weight 67.9±7.9kg, age 21.5±2.9yrs). The datas were collected from 2009-2013 years.All of the athletes landing by the right leg.The dynamic strength of hip and knee were obtained using a Isomed2000 isokinetic dynamometer system(D&amp;R Ferstl GmbH, Hemau,Germany). Datas were recorded with computer system. Hip strength were tested in the lying position, the testing side thigh was fixed on the adapter, the range of movement was 10-100 degrees. Knee strength were tested in the siting position, the testing side calf was fixed on the adapter, the range of movement was 10-90 degrees. The other part of body were fix by the aid system. Both test speed used were 60 deg/sec.Used spss19.0 to analyze the datas. Used pair-t test to analyze the differences between left and right. Significance level is P≤0.05&#x0D; Results The maximal knee extensor torque of left(2.82±0.39Nm/kg) was lower(L/R:0.946±0.077) than right(2.99±0.39Nm/kg)(P=0.024).;the maximal hip extensor torque of left(5.17±0.56Nm/kg) was higher(L/R:1.079±0.107) than right(4.81±0.54Nm/kg)(P=0.023);the maximal hip flexor torque of left(2.18±0.30Nm/kg) was lower(L/R:0.925±0.105) than right(2.37±0.37Nm/kg)(P=0.02).There was no difference between left(1.64±0.19Nm/kg) and right(1.69±0.20Nm/kg) knee flexors.Three athletes had been found imbalance(20% difference between left and right) in hip muscle.The Flex/Ext ratio of left hip(0.423±0.049) was lower than right(0.497±0.078)(P=0.001).The Flex/Ext ratio of knee was no difference between left(0.590±0.081) and right(0.568±0.054).&#x0D; Conclusions The results obtained in this study show that the hip muscle differences were the major difference of chinese elite male figure skaters. Coaches should pay more attention to hip strength training in future.&#x0D;

The Cut-off Values for the Diagnosis of Hamstring Shortness and Related Factors

Background:Hamstrings are one of the most frequently evaluated muscle groups for flexibility in the lower extremity. Passive and active knee extension angle values are used as an indirect indicator of hamstring flexibility. However, the lack of consensus on the cut-off values leads to the use of inconsistent angle values in determining the hamstring tightness.Aims:To establish the normative and cut-off values of the passive and active knee extension angles for healthy young adults and to determine the associated factors including the quadriceps strength.Study Design:A cross-sectional study.Methods:A total of 123 volunteer university students, aged 18-24 years, who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Passive and active knee extension assessments of the subjects were performed. Subsequently, on the next day, both knee extensor concentric muscle strength of the participants was measured in the isokinetic system. The knee extension angles and the knee extensor strength were recorded as the mean values of the right and the left sides.Results:Passive knee extension angles of 17.1°±9.1° and 9.8°±5.7° and active knee extension angles of 17.8°±9.1° and 13.4°±6° were described as normative values in men and women, respectively. The cut-off values for the diagnosis of hamstring shortness were as follows: passive knee extension angle >32.2° for males and >19.2° for females and active knee extension angle >33.0° for males and >23.4° for females. A significant positive correlation was observed between knee extension angles and isokinetic knee extensor muscle strength in all participants. The knee extension angle and hamstring flexibility were not affected by dominance.Conclusion:The knee extension angles of healthy young people seem to be lower than the results currently reported in the literature. There s a positive correlation between knee extension angles and isokinetic knee extensor muscle strength.

Study on the control of variable resistance for isokinetic muscle training system.

Isokinetic muscle strength training is presently the most advanced method of muscle strength training. However, the existing control schemes of the training equipment are usually limited to the structure of the brake. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a solution to an isokinetic system based on the force control of a DC servomotor. A new fuzzy impedance nonlinear controller is designed by analyzing the relevant requirements of isokinetic motion. A series of force tracking comparison experiments between a fuzzy PI controller and a classical PI controller are studied. In addition, some strength training experiments employing different driving forces and target speeds are also conducted. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this fuzzy impedance force tracking control strategy. Using the aforementioned methods, a comprehensive motion algorithm was designed.

Can somatosensory electrical stimulation relieve spasticity in post-stroke patients? A TMS pilot study.

Evidence suggests that somatosensory electrical stimulation (SES) may decrease the degree of spasticity from neural drives, although there is no agreement between corticospinal modulation and the level of spasticity. Thus, stroke patients and healthy subjects were submitted to SES (3 Hz) for 30' on the impaired and dominant forearms, respectively. Motor evoked potentials induced by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation were collected from two forearm muscles before and after SES. The passive resistance of the wrist joint was measured with an isokinetic system. We found no evidence of an acute carry-over effect of SES on the degree of spasticity.

Isokinetic Strength Training Improves Knee Symptoms and Function as Evaluated with 2000 IKDC

Background: Knee pain is most common complaint in athletes which may be caused by physical activity and exercises with many other causative factors. Sports injuries may lead to decline in muscle strength. This loss of muscular strength is strongly associated with decline in athletic performance. Improvement in strength may result in improved physical functions in injured athletes. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of isokinetic strength training in athletes with knee pain. Subjects: The average age of the athletes was 23.48 ± 4.71 years (Range: 18 - 34). Mean body mass of the athletes was 63.35 ± 15.52 kg (Range: 39 - 93.90). 25 male and 1 female athletes participated in this study. Methods: 25 athletes with knee pain completed the isokinetic strength training sessions by using Biodex Isokinetic system 10 sessions on alternate day basis. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) 2000 form was used to assess the functional status and symptoms of the athletes at baseline and after completing 10 sessions. Results: The average IKDC score was 45.64 (Range20.68-62.06) at baseline and 84.08 (range 68.96- 93.1) after completion of 10th sessions. Significant improvement was there when paired sample T test was used to find out pre and post changes in individual items of IKDC. Most of the individual items improved significantly as p value is <0.001. Conclusion: Isokinetic strength training significantly improves knee symptoms, level of sports activities, and function in patients with athletic knee pain

Efficiency of a Rehabilitative program Using Isokinetic System and Specific Exercises to Rehabilitate Injured Athletes with Iliotibial Band Syndrome

The current research aims to design and validate a strength program using isokinetic device system and specific therapeutic exercises for ‎rehabilitation of soccer players with iliotibial band syndrome and to identify the effectiveness of the recommended rehabilitation program. The researcher used the experimental approach (one-group design) with pre- and ‎post-measurements‎. The research sample consisted of 4 soccer players who have been registered with the Egyptian Football Federation (premier league) with iliotibial band syndrome ‎volunteered in this study, Their ages ranged from 18 to 27 years ‎. The researcher used Isokinetic device system (SP3-I37). The following parameters were measured for both the healthy and injured limbs: the Peak Torque at flexion and extension at the 90/180 ° angle, range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint, the balance, the circumference of the thigh muscles and the degree of pain

Effects of Combined Resistive Underwater Exercises and Interferential Current Therapy in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The objective of this study was to verify the effects of combined resistive underwater exercises and interferential current on the peak torque of the quadriceps and hamstrings and pain levels in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. This is a randomized controlled study; 30 children with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis were randomly distributed into two groups: the control group (n = 15) received the traditional physical therapy program and the study group (n = 15) received resistive underwater exercises and interferential current therapy. Peak torque of the quadriceps and hamstrings and pain levels were evaluated before treatment, 1 mo later, and after 3 mos using the HUMAC NORM, CSMI Testing and Rehabilitation Isokinetic System and visual analog scale, respectively. In the control group, all measures showed significant differences (P < 0.05) after 1 mo except peak torque of left quadriceps and pain levels, and significant differences were found after 3 mos (P < 0.05) in all. In the study group, all measures showed significant differences after 1 and 3 mos (P < 0.05) and there were significant differences between groups after 1 and 3 mos in favor of the study group (P < 0.05). The combination of resistive underwater exercises and interferential current therapy is a potentially valuable treatment for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Study on the Influence of Tai Chi and Latin Dance Exercise on Knee Joint Proprioception Using Common Test Methods

Purpose: To study the influence of two types of motion, dance and Tai Chi, on knee joint proprioception and analyse the different ways in which physical exercise affects body proprioception. Method: All experiments were conducted in Sports Biomechanics Laboratory at College of Physical Education and Sport at Beijing Normal University. The Biodex isokinetic test system (Biodex system 4, BS4) from the United States Biodex medical was used to test passive position sense and force sense of the dominant knee. Results: When the knee joint was at 15, 30 and 45 degree positions, the Tai Chi exercise group was much better than sedentary group (P<0.05) and the 45 degree position in the Tai Chi group was much better than that in the Latin dance group (P<0.01).When the knee joint was at the 30 and 60 degree positions, the quadriceps force sense was significantly better in the Tai Chi group than in the Latin dance and sedentary groups. In a test of the four angles, the hamstring force sense in the Tai Chi exercise group was obviously better than that in the sedentary group (P<0.05); at the 15 degree position, the Tai Chi group was significantly better than the Latin group (P<0.05); and at both 30 and 60 degree positions, the hamstring force sense of the Latin group was obviously better than that of the sedentary group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared to Latin dance exercise, Tai Chi exercise can improve both position sense and force sense to improve knee joint control ability and increase body balance to prevent injury in athletes and falls in the elderly.

A multifactorial interdisciplinary intervention reduces frailty, increases function and is cost-effective in older adults who are frail: randomised controlled trial

ament (ACL) reconstruction, with different techniques and contradictory results. Purpose: To compare rehabilitation outcomes following ACL reconstructionwith andwithout tourniquet use. Authors hypothesized that although the use of a tourniquet reduces the surgical time by improving visualization, postoperative functional outcome would be superior with non tourniquet use. Methods: Sixty-three patients were treated for ACL tears with an anatomical single bundle ACL reconstruction operated by one orthopedic surgeon. They were randomized into 2 groups: Tourniquet group (T) (n= 30) with mean age of (25.5± 3.9) and female/male ratio (4/26), and Non Tourniquet group (NT) (n= 33) with mean age of (24.9± 4.5), and female/male ratio (5/28). All patients received the accelerated rehabilitation program. Pain was assessed 4 times using visual analogue scale (VAS), 4 hours after surgery; then every 6 hours thereafter. Heamarthrosis was assessed after 1 week, 2 weeks, and one month, according to the classification of Coupens andYates. TheBiodex Isokinetic System 3 had been used to assess the hamstring and quadriceps strength at one week preoperative, then 6 month post-operative by the same examiner. Thigh and calf circumference were measured one week preoperative, then after 2 weeks and 6 month. Results: The scores of VAS showed a statistically significant difference between groups after 4 and 10 hours in favor ofNTgroup, but non-significant difference at 16 and 22 hours postoperatively. Grades of heamarthrosis after 1 and 2 weeks showed a statistically significant difference between groups in favor of NT group but non-significant after one month. Isokinetic testing showed a statistically non-significant difference between groups in strength of the hamstrings and the quadriceps neither preoperatively nor postoperatively. The calf and thigh girth showed a statistically non-significant difference between the 2 groups preoperatively. However, at 2 weeks a highly significant girth difference between the 2 groups was noticed (P value = 0.001) in favor of the NT group. This difference was again non-significant at 6 months postoperative. Conclusion(s): All patients despite the use or non-use of thigh tourniquet during ACL reconstruction improved with the accelerated rehabilitation program. Implications: Accelerated rehabilitation program after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is effective in improving pain, heamarthrosis, muscle strength and girth regardless of the use or non-use of thigh tourniquet. Short term results were only reported and long term functional effects of tourniquet versus non-tourniquet still require to be investigated.

Do additional proprioception exercises to stabilization exercises have more beneficial effects on pain, muscle strength and functionality in chronic low back pain?

Purpose: This study has been carried out to investigate the efficacy of proprioception exercises in addition to stabilization exercises on pain intensity level, muscle strength and functionality in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: 16 female and 14 male, a total of 30 patients with chronic low back pain have been recruited in this study. They have been divided into two similar groups as Group 1 ( n1 1⁄415) and Group 2 ( n21⁄415). Their mean age was 33.4±13.6 years for Group 1 and 31.3±11.3 years for Group 2. Previous surgery, acute disc diseases, rheumatic diseases, metabolic diseases, spinal stenosis, enfections, vertebral fractures and malignancy were the exclusion criteria. Patients in Group 1 (Stabilization Group) have been treated with stabilization exercises while patients in Group 2 ( Stabilizationþproprioception) have got proprioception exercises in addition to stabilization exercises in their rehabilitation program. Visual Analogue Scale has been used to measure pain intensity level and Oswestry Functional Scale for assessing functional level of the back. Their back and abdominal muscle strength had been analysed with Biodex System Pro 3 Isokinetic System. Treatment period for the both groups was 6 weeks with 3 sessions per week. Results: There was significant pain relief in resting and activity for the both groups after the treatment, but the differences between the groups were not significant. Both groups had obvious improvements in peak torque and average peak torque values of trunk flexors and extansors after the rehabilitation. Peak torque/ body weight both for flexors and extansor have increased in Group 1. Group 2 has showed significant improvement in peak torque / body weight value for the flexors, but not for the extansors. There were no significant differences in various flexor and extensor muscle strength values between the groups. Group 1 and Group 2 have showed singificant improvements in their functional level after the treatment. The functional score was 3.9±2.9 points for the Group 1 (before: 7.7±2.7 points) and, 3±1.3 points for the Group 2 (before: 8.9±3.1 points) after the rehabilitation. However, The groups did not differ significantly for it (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The effects of stabilization exercises and stabilizationþ proprioception exercises have been found similar. Each of them have beneficial effect in rehabilitation of chronic low back pain. Although both exercises can be used to relieve pain, to increase muscle strength and to enhance back functions for the patients with chronic low back pain, the future studies will be needed to clarify the additional effects of proprioception.

The Effect of Brachioradialis Release During Distal Radius Fracture Fixation on Elbow Flexion Strength and Wrist Function

To identify whether brachioradialis (BR) release during volar plate fixation for a distal radius fracture affects elbow flexion strength and wrist function. A total of 42 consecutive patients who were treated by open reduction volar plate fixation for unstable distal radius fractures were enrolled in this study. The BR was not released in 20 of 42 patients (BR preserved group) and was released in 22 patients (BR released group). The primary outcome variable was isokinetic strength and endurance testing of elbow flexion measured by the Cybex isokinetic system 3 months after surgery. Measured at the same time, secondary outcome variables were grip strength, a visual analog scale score for wrist pain, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, and radiographic parameters. We used Mann-Whitney U tests to compare these variables between groups. Neither elbow flexion strength and endurance nor any of the secondary outcome variables differed significantly between groups. Release of the BR during a volar approach for a distal radius fracture did not adversely affect elbow flexion strength and wrist function. Prognostic III.

Distribution of joint isokinetic muscle strength in shot putters

AbstractBACKGROUND:At present, the detections of muscular strength of the main joints in shot putters by using isokinetic system are rarely reported.OBJECTIVE:To find out the characteristics of muscular strength of the main joints in shot putters under different speed, and explore the existing short

The Fitness Characteristics of Elite Female Skaters and Regression Analysis

With the method of ISOMED isokinetic testing system, INBODY 3.0 body composition analyzer and ADIPOMETER subcutaneous fat measuring instrument, this study tries to measure the fitness characteristics of female athletes and then apply mathematical statistics to complete a regression analysis with their results. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. 480°/s hip extensor480°/s knee extensor and 240°/s radios of knee flexor-extensor are highly negative correlated with 500m results, and the regression equation is y = 20.496 - 0.72x1 - 0.64x2 - 0.82x3. 2. Results of the body composition and subcutaneous fat are not highly correlated with 500m result. The hip flexor and extensor at three angular speeds are highly negative correlated with subcutaneous fat of abdomen, upper knee and back, but are highly positive correlated with weight, FFM, BMI and BMR. 3. According to the testing results of body composition, there is no significant difference between two groups, both up to the standard of Asia and world. The maximum value of subcutaneous fat is in abdomen and for another is in upper knees. The minimum value of subcutaneous fat is in outer thigh for long distance athletes and in back for short distance athletes, no significant difference.