ISO Guidelines Research Articles

Formal Verification of Automotive Design in Compliance With ISO 26262 Design Verification Guidelines

ISO 26262, an automotive functional safety standard, ensures the functional safety of automotive systems by providing requirements and processes to govern the software lifecycle. Each functional system must be classified in terms of safety goals, risks, and automotive safety integrity level (ASIL: A, B, C, and D), with ASIL D, denoting the most stringent safety level. As the risk of the system increases, the ASIL level increases, and the standard highly recommends more stringent methods to ensure safety. ISO 26262 highly recommends that ASIL C and D-classified systems utilize semiformal and formal verification among other techniques to verify software unit design and implementation. In this paper, we compare industrial design verification steps of WatchDog Manager in an effort to be ASIL B-compliant with a proposed nondisruptive methodology to semiformally verify WatchDog Manager UML design via an automated formal framework backbone. This semiformal verification framework will allow automotive software to comply with ASILs C and D formal and semiformal unit design and implementation verification recommended guidelines in ISO 26262. Semiformal UML finite-state machines are automatically compiled into formal notations based on the Symbolic Analysis Laboratory formal notation. We capture requirements in the UML design and compile them automatically into theorems. Model checkers are run against the compiled formal model and theorems to detect counterexamples that violate the requirements in the UML model. We show that semi-formal verification of the design allows us to uncover issues that were detected in testing and production stages of ASIL B-compliant Watchdog Manager existing implementation.

Actions Objected at Employees in CSR - Report from the Study

The study analyzed the essence of the social responsibility of organizations and indicated the areas of actions to which this concept applies in the organizations. Particular attention has been paid to CSR practices objected at employees as key stakeholders of the organization. The purpose of the study was achieved in the form of analysis of CSR practices addressed to employees of the selected organizations in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It has been confirmed that the study subjects undertake socially responsible actions addressed to their employees. These actions are compliant with the guidelines of ISO 26000 standard in the area of practice in workplace. However, it has been shown that socially responsible objectives are not commonly present in the strategies of these organizations. Personal strategies and the knowledge of the concept of CSR among employees also occur not frequently enough. The presented study is a pilot study. The reached conclusions apply only to the participating organizations. However, it should be noted that the concept of CSR is not yet widely and successfully implemented in organizations within the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It requires further popularizing and intensifying. Also, the practices of CSR addressed to employees should be further improved.

Factors Influencing the Social Responsibility of a Public Hospital

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been little studied in the health sector. The objective of this research is to identify the factors affecting CSR from the perception of 256 workers, based on the guidelines of ISO 26000 in a public hospital. The results show that good governance, respect for consumer affairs, active participation and community development positively and significantly influence the perception by employees of the level of social responsibility of the organization. Respect for human rights, labor practices, environmental protection and fair operating practices are not significant in explaining the level of CSR.

Assessment of laboratory errors and best laboratory practices

Laboratory error is defined by ISO 22367 as “Failure of planned actions to be completed as intended or use a wrong plan to achieve an aim”. Lundeberg in 1981 outlined the concept of Total Testing Process (TTP) and Plebani elaborated it further and classified the whole testing process into five phases of Pre-Pre Analytic, Pre Analytic, Analytic, Post Analytic and Post - Post Analytic. The errors have to be identified and resolved in each phase of the process. The medical laboratories have to run Internal and External Quality Control programs and abide by the guidelines of ISO 15189 in order to be accredited by bodies like JCI, CAP or NABL. Active communication and regular interaction between the clinicians and the laboratory is recommended during Pre Analytic and Post Analytic phases of TTP in order to achieve the target of Best Laboratory Practices.

Comparative ecotoxicity of chlorantraniliprole to non-target soil invertebrates

The insecticide chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is gaining importance in agricultural practice, but data on its possible negative effects on non-target organisms is severely deficient. This study therefore determined CAP toxicity to non-target soil invertebrates playing a crucial role in ecosystem functioning, including springtails (Folsomia candida), isopods (Porcellio scaber), enchytraeids (Enchytraeus crypticus) and oribatid mites (Oppia nitens). In sublethal toxicity tests in Lufa 2.2 soil, chronic exposure to CAP concentrations up to 1000 mg/kgdw did not affect the survival and reproduction of E. crypticus and O. nitens nor the survival, body weight and consumption of P. scaber. In contrast, the survival and reproduction of F. candida was severely affected, with an EC50 for effects on reproduction of 0.14 mg CAP/kgdw. The toxicity of CAP to the reproduction of F. candida was tested in four different soils following OECD guideline 232, and additionally in an avoidance test according to ISO guideline 17512-2. A significantly lower toxicity in soils rich in organic matter was observed, compared to low organic soils. Observations in the avoidance test with F. candida suggest that CAP acted in a prompt way, by affecting collembolan locomotor abilities thus preventing them from escaping contaminated soil. This study shows that CAP may especially pose a risk to non-target soil arthropods closely related to insects, while other soil invertebrates seem rather insensitive.

The impact of socially responsible management standards on the business success of an organisation

The purpose of this article is to outline the results of the study concerned with the importance of the standards on socially responsible management and the examination of their impact on the business performance as well as the sustainable development of organisations and the broader social environment in the selected population of medium and large organisations (above 50 employees) in the field of market services in the Republic of Slovenia. The results of the research have confirmed a direct link of understanding the socially responsible management standards in organisations with a larger number of employees (p = .002) and the achieved higher income from operations (p = .006). Participants in the study are most familiar with the requirements of the Quality Management System Standard ISO 9001 and the Environmental Management System Standard ISO 14001, which is particularly significant for older business executives (p = .009) with many years of work experience in the company they run (p = .002). Also, the hypothesis was confirmed that the implementation of the principles of social responsibility defined in the guidelines of ISO 26000 has a positive impact on the selected financial indicators of the organisation – higher profits, business growth, productivity and cost-effectiveness in operations.

Reference Values Following ISO Guidelines for Frequently Requested Rock Reference Materials

We present new reference values for nineteen USGS, GSJ and GIT‐IWG rock reference materials that belong to the most accessed samples of the GeoReM database. The determination of the reference values and their uncertainties at the 95% confidence level follows as closely as possible ISO guidelines and the Certification Protocol of the International Association of Geoanalysts. We used analytical data obtained by the state‐of‐the‐art techniques published mainly in the last 20 years and available in GeoReM. The data are grouped into four categories of different levels of metrological confidence, starting with isotope dilution mass spectrometry as a primary method. Data quality was checked by careful investigation of analytical procedures and by the application of the Horwitz function. As a result, we assign a new and more reliable set of reference values and respective uncertainties for major, minor and a large group of trace elements of the nineteen investigated rock reference materials.

Perforation drilling for easing spudcan–footprint interaction issues

The interaction between a spudcan and an existing footprint is a major concern during jack-up rig installation. No guidelines were provided in the recently finalised version of ISO guidelines 19905-1 in regards to mitigating spudcan–footprint interaction issues except some proposed considerations due to scarce of detailed investigation. This paper reports a measure for easing spudcan–footprint interaction issues, with the efficiency of perforation drilling tested through model tests carried out at 1g. The soil conditions tested simulate soft seabed strength profiles close to the mudline, varying the undrained shear strength. The most critical reinstallation locations of 0.5D and 1D (D=spudcan diameter) and existing footprint depth of 0.33D were investigated. The removal of soil (through perforation) inside the spudcan perimeter, with an area of 9% perforated, reduced the induced maximum moment, horizontal force, and horizontal sliding distance by up to 80%, 83%, and 76% respectively.

Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) behavioral and respiration responses to sublethal mercury concentrations in an artificial soil substrate

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal that has multiple natural and anthropogenic sources. Many studies have explored the effects of Hg on various physiological and biochemical processes in soil animals. However, the effects of Hg on earthworm behavior and respiration are unknown. In this study, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to Hg-spiked artificial soils prepared to OECD specification. An avoidance test was performed using soils with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128mgHg2+kg−1 dry soil,. The avoidance concentration of Hg to earthworms was 128mgkg−1, as determined according to ISO guidelines. Soils with 0, 2, 8, 32, and 128mgHg2+kg−1 dry soil were prepared to investigate the effects of Hg on the burrowing activity and respiration rate of earthworms. The cumulative burrow lengths of earthworms in 2D terraria were significantly shorter in soil containing Hg at concentrations of 8mgkg−1 or higher, compared with those in the control (no Hg). However, the maximum burrowing depth was significantly decreased only in soil containing the highest concentration of Hg (128mgkg−1). The respiration rates of earthworms were lower in all Hg treatments than in the control after 2 days and 7 days of exposure. This is the first report on the toxic effects of Hg on earthworm behavior and respiration. These results provide useful information for environmental monitoring and for assessment of Hg contamination in soils.

Quality compliance in the development of cell-based medicines in non-pharma environments

Background Academic institutions and transfusion centres are positioned to lead the development of novel cell-based therapeutics up to early-stage clinical trials (and further seeking marketing authorisation) or, alternatively, its use under the hospital exemption clause [1,2]. Existing structures, including blood and tissue bank facilities, translational medical programs and skilled personnel experienced in cell culture technologies and transplantation, equips these non-commercial entities to translate research-grade cell materials into safe and commercially viable products suitable for human use. However, developers must negotiate the complex regulatory and quality requirements involving the compulsory compliance of Good Scientific Practice (GxP) regulations in the development of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) [3]. Originally designed for corporate environments, implementation of GxP in non-pharmaceutical institutions may consume a considerable level of effort (particularly in terms of funding and human resources). In non-pharmaceutical environments, current quality management structures for cell therapies are highly specific for blood and bone marrow-related products, including programs administered by JACIE, NetCord, FACT, AABB, or focused upon more global quality objectives, such as ISO guidelines (particularly ISO9001). The adaptation of such either general or specific quality assurance programs into GxP may appear as a substantial effort. However, many of the requirements are common across standards and the existence of any of them in a given institution can suit up to some extent to some of the aspects covered by the GxP. Rather than focusing on each certification separately, product developers and manufacturers in all environments would benefit from a single quality management system incorporating the most convenient tools available from different standards. In the present work, we analysed the GxP requirements and those in voluntary quality accreditation schemes already present in any blood and tissue bank. A number of common aspects were found, therefore offering an opportunity to avoid duplicities in the implementation process. Our work aims at serving as a guide for the optimisation of resources available and contributes to moving towards a single quality assurance system that integrates others, thus improving efficiency.

Comparison of different methods to include recycling in LCAs of aluminium cans and disposable polystyrene cups

Many methods have been reported and used to include recycling in life cycle assessments (LCAs). This paper evaluates six widely used methods: three substitution methods (i.e. substitution based on equal quality, a correction factor, and alternative material), allocation based on the number of recycling loops, the recycled-content method, and the equal-share method. These six methods were first compared, with an assumed hypothetical 100% recycling rate, for an aluminium can and a disposable polystyrene (PS) cup. The substitution and recycled-content method were next applied with actual rates for recycling, incineration and landfilling for both product systems in selected countries.The six methods differ in their approaches to credit recycling. The three substitution methods stimulate the recyclability of the product and assign credits for the obtained recycled material. The choice to either apply a correction factor, or to account for alternative substituted material has a considerable influence on the LCA results, and is debatable. Nevertheless, we prefer incorporating quality reduction of the recycled material by either a correction factor or an alternative substituted material over simply ignoring quality loss. The allocation-on-number-of-recycling-loops method focusses on the life expectancy of material itself, rather than on a specific separate product. The recycled-content method stimulates the use of recycled material, i.e. credits the use of recycled material in products and ignores the recyclability of the products. The equal-share method is a compromise between the substitution methods and the recycled-content method.The results for the aluminium can follow the underlying philosophies of the methods. The results for the PS cup are additionally influenced by the correction factor or credits for the alternative material accounting for the drop in PS quality, the waste treatment management (recycling rate, incineration rate, landfilling rate), and the source of avoided electricity in case of waste incineration. The results for the PS cup, which are less dominated by production of virgin material than aluminium can, furthermore depend on the environmental impact categories. This stresses the importance to consider other impact categories besides the most commonly used global warming impact.The multitude of available methods complicates the choice of an appropriate method for the LCA practitioner. New guidelines keep appearing and industries also suggest their own preferred method. Unambiguous ISO guidelines, particularly related to sensitivity analysis, would be a great step forward in making more robust LCAs.

New dextran coated activated carbons for medical use

Activated carbon (AC) can be used for blood purification (hemoperfusion) to treat a range of conditions by direct perfusion of blood through an adsorbent column. The clinical effects of hemoperfusion relate to the AC adsorptive capacity, and any inflammatory response generated by direct blood contact. The use of a biocompatible coating minimizes side-effects but at the same time significantly reduces AC adsorption capacity in particular towards substances with large molecular mass. We investigated the adsorption capacity for biological molecules in a wide range of molecular masses and biocompatibility of a dextran (Dx) coated mesoporous AC (HSGD) produced from a polymer precursor. The hemocompatibility of the Dx-coated beads was investigated according to the ISO guidelines. Coating the HSGD with a Dx coating (5–30% weight of AC) decreased the specific surface area and pore volume of the materials and reduced adsorption capacity for methylene blue, vitamin B12, bilirubin and albumin, while minimizing fines production. Even the partially coated materials did not activate the inflammatory response and thus could be considered hemocompatible, with the Dx coating reducing fibrinogen adsorption and complement generation, suggesting the material warrants continued development for hemoperfusion applications.

Life cycle assessment of medium-density fiberboard manufacturing process in Islamic Republic of Iran

This study deals with the interface between energy consumption and its related emissions in the manufacturing of one cubic meter medium density fiberboard (MDF) in Iran and provides a comprehensive life cycle inventory (LCI) data for production process. The study was developed following the methodological guidelines of ISO 14040. Inventories data for a gate-to-gate assessment of MDF manufacturing were collected by on-site surveys. Ten impact categories including of: Abiotic depletion (AD), Acidification (AC), Eutrophication (EP), Global warming (GW), Ozone layer depletion (OLD), Fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity (FE), Marine aquatic ecotoxicity (ME), Human toxicity (HT), Terrestrial ecotoxicity (TE) and Photochemical oxidation (PO) in three subsystem of manufacturing process were assessed. The subsystem of fiber preparation was the major contributor to the environmental impacts. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin production was identified as the main hotspot, except in AD, AC, OLD and PO impacts that natural gas, electricity, transport and production process were the main hotspots, respectively. Moreover, Tube dryer, MDF saw and hogger were the most effective sectors in the emissions of production process. Results for substitution of natural gas showed that except in some impacts categories, use of alternative source of thermal energy such as wood residue could improve emissions from manufacturing.

Virulence and antimicrobial resistance determinants of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) and of multidrug-resistant E. coli from foods of animal origin illegally imported to the EU by flight passengers

The aim of this study was to reveal phenotype/genotype characteristics of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) and multidrug resistant E. coli in food products of animal origin confiscated as illegal import at Austrian, German and Slovenian airports. VTEC isolates were obtained by using ISO guidelines 16654:2001 for O157 VTEC or ISO/ TS13136:2012 for non-O157 VTEC, with additional use of the RIDASCREEN® Verotoxin immunoassay. The testing of 1526 samples resulted in 15 VTEC isolates (1.0%) primarily isolated from hard cheese from Turkey and Balkan countries. Genotyping for virulence by using a miniaturized microarray identified a wide range of virulence determinants. One VTEC isolate (O26:H46) possessing intimin (eae) and all other essential genes of Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE) was designated as enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). None of the other VTEC strains belonged to serogroups O157, O145, O111, O104 or O103. VTEC strains harbored either stx1 (variants stx1a or stx1c) or stx2 (variants stx2a, stx2b, stx2a/d or stx2c/d) genes. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) demonstrated high genetic diversity and identified three new sequence types (STs): 4505, 4506 and 4507. Food samples collected from the Vienna airport were also tested for E. coli quantities using the ISO 16649:2001, and for detection of multidrug resistant phenotypes and genotypes. The resulting 113 commensal E. coli isolates were first tested in a pre-screening against 6 selected antimicrobials to demonstrate multidrug resistance. The resulting 14 multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates, representing 0.9% of the samples, were subjected to further resistance phenotyping and to microarray analyses targeting genetic markers of antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Genotyping revealed various combinations of resistance determinants as well as the presence of class 1, class 2 integrons. The isolates harbored 6 to 11 antibiotic resistance genes as well as 1 to 14 virulence genes. In this panel of 14 MDR E. coli two strains proved to carry CTX-M type ESBLs, and one single isolate was identified as enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). In general, isolates carrying a high number of resistance determinants had lower number of virulence genes and vice versa. In conclusion, this first pilot study on the prevalence of VTEC and of MDR/ESBL E. coli in illegally imported food products of animal origin suggests that these strains could represent reservoirs for dissemination of potentially new types of pathogenic and MDR E. coli in Europe.

Investigations on sediment toxicity of German rivers applying a standardized bioassay battery.

River sediments may contain a huge variety of environmental contaminants and play a key role in the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems. Contaminants adsorbed to sediments and suspended solids may contribute directly or after remobilization to an adverse ecological and chemical status of surface water. In this subproject of the joint research project DanTox, acetonic Soxhlet extracts from three German river sediments from the River Rhine (Altrip and Ehrenbreitstein with moderate contamination) and River Elbe (Veringkanal Hamburg heavily contaminated) were prepared and redissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These extracts were analyzed with a standard bioassay battery with organisms from different trophic levels (bacteria, algae, Daphnia, fish) as well as in the Ames test and the umuC test for bacterial mutagenicity and genotoxicity according to the respective OECD and ISO guidelines. In total, 0.01% (standard) up to 0.25% (only fish embryo test) of the DMSO sediment extract was dosed to the test systems resulting in maximum sediment equivalent concentrations (SEQ) of 2 up to 50 g l(-1). The sediment of Veringkanal near Hamburg harbor was significantly more toxic in most tests compared to the sediment extracts from Altrip and Ehrenbreitstein from the River Rhine. The most toxic effect found for Veringkanal was in the algae test with an ErC50 (72 h) of 0.00226 g l(-1) SEQ. Ehrenbreitstein and Altrip samples were about factor 1,000 less toxic. In the Daphnia, Lemna, and acute fish toxicity tests, no toxicity at all was found at 2 g l(-1) SEQ. corresponding to 0.01% DMSO. Only when increasing the DMSO concentration the fish embryo test showed a 22-fold higher toxicity for Veringkanal than for Ehrenbreitstein and Altrip samples, while the toxicity difference was less evident for the Daphnia test due to the overlaying solvent toxicity above 0.05% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The higher toxicities observed with the Veringkanal sample are supported by the PAH and PCB concentrations analyzed in the sediments. The sediment extracts of Altrip and Veringkanal were mutagenic in the Ames tester strain TA98 with metabolic activation (S9-mix). The findings allow a better ecotoxicological characterization of the sediments extensively analyzed in all subprojects of the DanTox project (e.g., Garcia-Kaeufer et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3894-4 , 2014; Schiwy et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3185-0 , 2014; Hollert and Keiter 2015). In the absence of agreed limit values for sediment extracts in standard tests, further data with unpolluted reference sediments are required for a quantitative risk assessment of the investigated polluted sediments.

Potential toxic effects of aircraft de-icers and wastewater samples containing these compounds

One of the major problems of airport operation is the impact of pollution caused by runoff waters. Runoff waters at an airport may contain high concentrations of different contaminants resulting from various activities of its operation. High quantities of aircraft de-icing/anti-icing fluids are used annually at airports worldwide. Aircraft de-icers and anti-icers may have negative environmental impacts, but their effects on aquatic organisms are virtually unknown. In order to address this issue, aircraft de-icers, pavement de-icers and wastewater samples were obtained from a regional airport. To evaluate the toxicity of wastewater samples and aircraft de-icing/anti-icing fluids (ADAFs), two bio-tests were performed: the Lemna growth inhibition test according to OECD guideline 221 and the luminescent bacteria test according to ISO guideline 11348-2. In the Lemna growth inhibition test, phytotoxicity was assessed using the endpoints frond number and frond area. The luminescent bacteria test involved the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The estimates of effective concentrations (EC50) values were determined using the free software R and the "drc" library. Aquatic plants and marine bacteria showed a higher sensitivity towards ADAFs than to wastewater samples. Experiments showed that aircraft de-icing/anti-icing fluids and wastewater samples were relatively more toxic towards Lemna gibba L. in comparison to V. fischeri.

Effect of spudcan geometry on penetration and extraction resistance in clay

Spudcan foundations of various geometries are commonly used in the field for supporting offshore oil and gas drilling (jack-up) rigs. This paper investigates the effect of the spudcan and its base geometry on the penetration and extraction resistance in soft normally and lightly overconsolidated clay. A series of centrifuge tests was undertaken on model spudcans of three different geometries typically used in the field. The spudcans were extracted from penetrations of 2·64∼3 (area equivalent) diameters and after an operation period of ∼19 months. Additional large-deformation finite-element analyses allowed for exploring a range of spudcan base geometries. Corresponding field data were accumulated. The results from this study have confirmed the accuracy of the assumption of a circular conical-based footing and the use of area equivalent diameter for assessing spudcan penetration resistance, as suggested by ISO guidelines 19905-1. Simulation of a flat-based circular plate resulted in 19% higher resistance compared to that of conical-based footings. For spudcans with cutouts and with a peripheral skirt, maximum penetration resistances were, respectively, 14 and 12% lower, and maximum extraction resistances were 20 and 14% lower compared to those for a general spudcan. The corresponding required jack-up leg length was 9 and 7% higher. The effect of peripheral skirt length was shown to be minimal (at least for length relative to spudcan diameter ≤ 0·42).

Quality Assurance in Manufacturing Industry-A Study on Link Locks Private Limited, Aligarh

Quality of a product is considered as one of the major factors that affect sales & profit of firm, satisfaction of customer and good-will development of a company. The definition of the word ‘Quality’ is highly subjective in nature. For a manufacturer quality may be the adherence of the product to pre-determined specifications while for a customer it may be fulfillment of his expectation by the product. This research aims to identify and analyze the different quality assurance initiative taken in manufacturing industry by studying the quality assurance process in Link Locks Pvt. Ltd. which is a leading lock manufacturing company in India. There are various initiatives taken by Link Locks Pvt. Ltd. to assure quality in the locks manufactured. These initiatives are ISO guidelines, inspection, quality circles, Knoop hardness testing, total quality management, statistical process control and breaking strength indexing.

Development of methodology for the determination of boron in ThO2 employing spectrophotometry

Boron was determined in ThO2 employing spectrophotometry using curcumin as complexing agent after dissolution with 85 % ortho phosphoric acid and separation of boron with 10 % 2-ethyl hexane 1,3 diol in CHCl3. The methodology was validated by employing ThO2 standards made from inter laboratory comparison experiments DAE, India. Absolute detection limit of the methodology was found to be 30 ng. Precision and accuracy of the methodology were found to be 4.2 and 2 % respectively. The expanded uncertainty in measurement of boron (at coverage factor 2) was estimated as per ISO guidelines employing bottom-up approach and it was found to be 9.2 %.

Experiment on the concrete slab for floor vibration evaluation of deteriorated building

Damages from noise and vibration are increasing every year, and most of which are noises between floors in deteriorated building caused by floor impact sound. In this study, the floor vibration of the deteriorated buildings constructed with the concrete slabs of thickness no more than 150 mm was evaluated by the vibration impact sound. This highly reliable study was conducted to assess floor vibration according with the serviceability evaluation standard of Reiher / Meister and Koch and vibration evaluation standard of ISO and AIJ. Designed pressure for the concrete slab sample of floor vibration assessment was 24MPa, and the sample was manufactured pursuant to KS F 2865 and JIS A 1440-2 with size of 3200 mm × 3200 mm × 140 mm. Tests were conducted twice with accelerometers, and Fast Fourier Transform was performed for comparative analysis by the vibration assessment criteria. The peak displacement from Test 1 was in the range of 0.00869 – 0.02540 mm; the value of peak frequency ranged from 18 to 27 Hz, and the average value was 22Hz. The peak acceleration value from Test 2 was in the range of 0.47 – 1.07 % g; the value of peak frequency was 18.5 – 22.57 Hz, and the average was 21Hz. The vibration was apparently recognizable in most cases according to the Reiher/Meister standard. In case of Koch graph for the damage assessment of the structure, the vibration was at the medium level and causes no damage to the building structure. The measured vibration results did not exceed the damage limit or serviceability limit of building according to the vibration assessment criteria of ISO and residential assessment guidelines provided by Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ).