ISM Model Research Articles

Construction and Application of Obstacle Factors System for the Development of China's Fourth Party Logistics Platform Based on ISM Model

The third party logistics enterprises' single business and unable to achieve information sharing lead to the bottleneck of China's logistics industry. The development of the fourth party logistics can solve the current dilemma. The fourth party logistics is compatible with a variety of third-party logistics technology and services, while its own resources, capabilities and technology integration, to provide customers with a set of supply chain solutions. Based on the present situation of the fourth party logistics in China, this paper summarizes the 13 factors that restrict the development of the fourth party logistics in our country. The ISM model is used to analyze the internal structure and the dependencies among the factors, and put forward the countermeasures to solve the factors successively.

Early warning model for slope debris flow initiation

Early warning model of debris flow is important for providing local residents with reliable and accurate warning information to escape from debris flow hazards. This research studied the debris flow initiation in the Yindongzi gully in Dujiangyan City, Sichuan province, China with scaled-down model experiments. We set rainfall intensity and slope angle as dominating parameters and carried out 20 scaled-down model tests under artificial rainfall conditions. The experiments set four slope angles (32A degrees, 34A degrees, 37A degrees, 42A degrees) and five rainfall intensities (60 mm/h, 90 mm/h, 120 mm/h, 150 mm/h, and 180 mm/h) treatments. The characteristic variables in the experiments, such as, rainfall duration, pore water pressure, moisture content, surface inclination, and volume were monitored. The experimental results revealed the failure mode of loose slope material and the process of slope debris flow initiation, as well as the relationship between the surface deformation and the physical parameters of experimental model. A traditional rainfall intensity-duration early warning model (I-D model) was firstly established by using a mathematical regression analysis, and it was then improved into ISD model and ISM model (Here, I is rainfall Intensity, S is Slope angle, D is rainfall Duration, and M is Moisture content). The warning model can provide reliable early warning of slope debris flow initiation.

Research on the development of agricultural products logistics in China based on ISM model

Research on the development of agricultural products logistics in China based on ISM model

A framework for buyer satisfaction in e-procurement in Indian scenario: an integrated ISM and SEM approach

E-procurement is expected to enhance coordination between buyers and suppliers and result in significant mutual satisfaction and economic benefits. However, many organisations that have implemented e-procurement are highly uncertain about the extent to which the satisfactions are realised. In the present scenario, even though the overall benefits of such systems are established, there is a need to analyse different factors that lead to different levels of buyer satisfaction among different organisations. In this work the ISM model for buyer satisfaction is proposed which is further analytically validated with SEM using AMOS. The results of validation turned out in fair with the developed models for buyer satisfaction. The findings indicate that transparency, improved quality and fulfilling warranty have the maximum driving power whereas long-term relationship between buyer-supplier has the maximum driven power. It is furthermore validated in the paper that transparency, improved quality, and fulfilling warranty leads to commitment, cooperation and trust that further on results in long-term relationship.

A unified model for age–velocity dispersion relations in Local Group galaxies: disentangling ISM turbulence and latent dynamical heating

We analyze age-velocity dispersion relations (AVRs) from kinematics of individual stars in eight Local Group galaxies ranging in mass from Carina ($M_{*} \sim 10^{6}$) to M31 ($M_{*} \sim 10^{11}$). Observationally the $\sigma$ vs. stellar age trends can be interpreted as dynamical heating of the stars by GMCs, bars/spiral arms, or merging subhalos; alternatively the stars could have simply been born out of a more turbulent ISM at high redshift and retain that larger velocity dispersion till present day - consistent with recent IFU studies. To ascertain the dominant mechanism and better understand the impact of instabilities and feedback, we develop models based on observed SFHs of these Local Group galaxies in order to create an evolutionary formalism which describes the ISM velocity dispersion due to a galaxy's evolving gas fraction. These empirical models relax the common assumption that the stars are born from gas which has constant velocity dispersion at all redshifts. Using only the observed SFHs as input, the ISM velocity dispersion and a mid-plane scattering model fits the observed AVRs of low mass galaxies without fine tuning. Higher mass galaxies above $M_{vir} > 10^{11}$ need a larger contribution from latent dynamical heating processes (for example minor mergers), in excess of the ISM model. Using the SFHs we also find that supernovae feedback does not appear to be a dominant driver of the gas velocity dispersion compared to gravitational instabilities - at least for dispersions $\sigma \gtrsim 25$ km/s. Together our results point to stars being born with a velocity dispersion close to that of the gas at the time of their formation, with latent dynamical heating operating with a galaxy mass-dependent efficiency. These semi-empirical relations may help constrain the efficiency of feedback and its impact on the physics of disk settling in galaxy formation simulations.

Chemo-dynamical signatures in simulated Milky Way-like galaxies

AbstractWe have investigated the chemo-dynamical evolution of a Milky Way-like disk galaxy, AqC4, produced by a cosmological simulation integrating a sub-resolution ISM model. We evidence a global inside-out and upside-down disk evolution, that is consistent with a scenario where the “thin disk” stars are formed from the accreted gas close to the galactic plane, while the older “thick disk” stars are originated in situ at higher heights. Also, the bar appears the most effective heating mechanism in the inner disk. Finally, no significant metallicity-rotation correlation has been observed, in spite of the presence of a negative [Fe/H] radial gradient.

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the Development of Chinese Fresh Cold Chain Logistics under E-Commerce Background

With the rapid development of Internet technology, e-commerce began to penetrate in various fields, the fresh electricity providers rose rapidly. At the same time with the awakening of consumer awareness, people's demand for fresh produce increased drastically, and people pay more attention to food safety and freshness, but the development of fresh cold chain logistics can not meet the demand of fresh e-commerce market. In this paper, the factors affecting the development of fresh cold chain logistics are sorted out, and the influencing factors are analyzed systematically through ISM model. Finally, we put forward the way to promote the development of cold chain logistics.

The Research on Influencing Factors of Medical Logistics Cost Based on ISM Model

The reason why medical logistics cost remains high is a system problem, this paper analyzes the system through the ISM model. The result presents that medical logistics cost factors have four levels of relationship, primary factor is the national policies, secondary factors are the talent construction and pharmaceutical enterprise scale, Intermediate factors are medical information management system and inventory cost, the key factors are transportation cost and distribution center location. Finally, according to the four levels of relationship, this paper put forward specific suggestions to reduce logistics cost.

Examining the critical success factors of cloud computing adoption in the MSMEs by using ISM model

For cutting down cost and improving the efficiency of enterprises, adoption of innovations in ICT especially in cloud computing applications is the need of the time in the highly competitive global environment. It has been noted that generally, the Indian MSMEs are not utilizing the CC applications for the promotion of their business activities and are not availing their benefits. Hence, in the present investigation, the critical success factors (CSFs) for cloud computing adoption (CCA) in the Indian micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are identified through an exhaustive literature review and expert opinions. The association between the identified factors is established by employing an interpretive structural modeling methodology that is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach. Later, the MICMAC analysis is carried out for identifying the factors having high influential power. The results of the study revealed that a CSF namely ‘previous technological experience’ is the most significant factor having the highest driving power. The findings of this research are intended to guide cloud service providers, enterprise managers, and governmental bodies in formulating the strategies and policies for effective implementation of cloud computing facilities and harness the benefits of the same. This study makes a significant contribution to the knowledge base of CC adoption for future research in the subject field.

Investigating the influence of opportunistic behaviour risk factors on offshore outsourcing

Different type of risks contributes to offshore outsourcing, which are not only difficult to measure but also complex to analyse because of intricate inter-relationships among them. Above all, opportunistic behaviour risk is related to the behaviour of service provider which may result in failure of coordination Therefore, in this paper, authors tried to abridge the gap between theory and practices by identifying various opportunistic behaviour risk factors and further developed an ISM model to analyse the influence of these risks on offshore outsourcing. Findings from the study indicate that communication gap and incomplete specification of work are strong drivers which influence other risk factors and ultimately affect offshore outsourcing. The work presented in the paper helps managers to identify and classify important criteria and to reveal the direct and indirect effects of each criterion on offshore outsourcing.

基于ISM模型的装备制造业产业链纵向治理结构影响因素研究

本文引入ISM模型的工作原理，基于装备制造业产业链，纵向治理结构也呈现出从纵向一体化到纵向非一体化的演变趋势，建立装备制造业产业链纵向治理结构的影响因素指标体系，分析了装备制造业市场势力影响因素间的相互作用的内在机理，给出目前影响装备制造业产业链纵向治理结构的主要因素。 In this paper, based on the equipment manufacturing industry chain, vertical governance struc-ture also presents from vertical integration to the evolution trend of vertical disintegration, establishes the influence factors of equipment manufacturing industrial chain longitudinal governance index system. In this paper, the working principle of the ISM model was introduced and analyzed; the forces of the interaction between the influencing factors of the equipment manufacturing industry market were given the inner mechanism of the influence on the longitudinal governance structure of the equipment manufacturing industry chain.

KUDUMBASHREE AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN KERALA – AN OVERVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Self-help groups led to an increase in social recognition of self, status of family in the society, size of social circle and involvement in intra family and entrepreneurial decision making (Sharma, 2008).Government should put more efforts to further popularize this concept by strengthening SHGs in such a way that suits their women citizens’ requirements (Basha, 2014). The paper will reflect in understanding the various areas of Kudumbashree towards women empowerment in a hierarchical manner and highlighting the areas which needs immediate attention at every level. The major issue under investigation is to assess the contribution of Kudumbashree for women empowerment. The researchers have done a Literature Review which is considered as a base for deriving the Variables for developing ISM Model. The latent constructs are grounded in theory. Interpretive Structural Modeling is an approach which drives the researchers to study various aspects and correlation between Kerala SHG and Women Empowerment. It is vital for the researchers to gain significant insights into relationship between Kerala SHG and Women Empowerment. The empowerment of women is the best strategy for poverty eradication; process of empowerment becomes the signal light to their children, their families and the society at large (Nidheesh, 2009).

Contextual Relationship Among 3 C's and Innovative Green Procurement Practices Using ISM and Its Validation Using MICMAC Analysis

This paper argues for the use of Interpretive Structural Modeling in building a theory of innovative green procurement practices. Earlier researchers have conducted vast studies related to the hard dimensions of green procurement practices. However, there is a dearth of studies focusing particularly on the soft dimensions of green procurement practices. To address the gap in existing literature, this study first systematically reviews the green procurement literature. Secondly, these dimensions were refined through expert interviews from the manufacturing sector. Thirdly, it illustrates the use of ISM method to find the contextual relationship of elements. The ISM model was finally validated using MICMAC analysis. The current study is unique from two perspectives. Firstly, Resource dependence theory was used as a theoretical lens to study the links between elements. Secondly, it integrated innovation and green procurement practices for the purpose of investigation. The findings show strong associations between 3C's (Collaboration, Coordination, and Cooperation) and innovative green procurement practices. The paper concludes with managerial implications and directions for future research.

Assessment of environmental factors affecting software development process using ISM & MICMAC analysis

Changing trends and globalization has given rise to various challenges to the software industry. Today the repute of any software engineering is related to its quality and timely delivery of product. The repute also depends on how the industry keeps in pace with the new expertise and changing market situation. The factors like transparency, recognition, work life balance etc. play an imperative part in preserving the reasonable edge. The ISM is a methodology for interactive learning process. In this method the factors that affect the system directly or indirectly are outlined into a complete structure model. The major advantage of the ISM model is its graphical representations of identified factors in a structured manner is indeed the subject in consideration. As a tool, it organizes the elements affecting the system’s credibility. It also highlights the hierarchical complexity among the factors of the system. The ultimate necessity is to analyze the performance of these factors for their operative application in the execution of software development process. The main objective of this paper is to identify the shared communication of these factors and identify the driving and dependent factors. In this work an ISM model has been prepared to recognize significant factors and their administrative consequences from software release time point of view.

Enablers of Six Sigma: contextual framework and its empirical validation

The aim of the paper is to identify the enablers for the successful implementation of Six Sigma. None of the existing frameworks provides any clear understanding related to linkages between, and hierarchical relationships among, the constructs of Six Sigma implementation. Our study has both inductive and deductive elements. We identified enablers of Six Sigma implementation from existing research, and we developed a contextual framework using the interpretive structural modelling technique. We further studied enablers based on their driving power and dependence using MICMAC analysis to categorise the enablers into four clusters. In order to validate the ISM model statistically we developed and pre-tested a structured questionnaire before using it for a survey. Data were collected using a split survey method using a modified version of Dillman's total design method. We performed non-response bias before checking assumptions such as constant variance and normality. We further checked the reliability and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis. We find that constructs and indicators of our theoretical framework meet the criteria, and find them to be a good fit based on confirmatory factor analysis. We draw conclusions based on statistical analyses and our study limitations, and suggest further research directions.

Molecular Gas Excitation and Chemistry in VV 114 and NGC 1614 with ALMA

AbstractWe present high resolution molecular line observations of dusty AGN and starburst in nearby luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), VV 114 (band 3/4/7) and NGC 1614 (band 3/6/7/9), with ALMA. Multi-frequency imaging from 4.8 GHz to 691 GHz of NGC 1614 allows us to study spatial properties of the radio-to-FIR continuum and multiple CO transitions, and we find the CO excitation up to Jupp = 6 can be explained by a single ISM model powered by nuclear starbursts. Our processing line imaging survey for VV 114 detected at least 30 molecular lines which show different chemical composition from region to region. Multi-molecule imaging helps us to diagnose the chemical differences of dusty ISM, while multi-transition imaging allows us to investigate gas physical conditions affected by nuclear activities directly.

The application of ISM model in evaluating agile suppliers selection criteria and ranking suppliers using fuzzy TOPSIS-AHP methods

In the present competitive world, the organizations need to endeavor constantly so as to make progress as well as maintaining their current position through employing the appropriate strategies. Organizations surroundings have been undergoing rapid changes among which the different demands and the variety of customers are to be mentioned. The scarce and limited number of sources and facilities are also worth being cited as another example of an important restrictions placed on companies. One way to bring down these problems is employing agile suppliers and outsourcing appropriately. The current study results from two theses completed in the fields of agility and ISM. It begins with identifying the criteria to evaluate agile suppliers. Then these factors are ranked and categorized using the interpretive structural model. The results of this study depict that the delivery speed variable lays on the bottom level of the model outlet with quite high driving power. The delay reduction variable has the same characteristics. Next, using fuzzy hierarchical analysis method, the weight of the agility evaluation criteria of suppliers are measured and put as TOPSIS model input. Finally, six suppliers are rated using fuzzy TOPSIS method. The results of this study shows that the criteria with higher driving power and lower dependence have higher weight in AHP model. It is, therefore, necessary to focus on variables of the first and second level of model in order to increase suppliers’ agility. In this study, the weight of data has been determined using hierarchical analysis so as to increase the efficiency of the results of fuzzy TOPSIS technique. At the same time, interpretive structural model has been also employed to interpret the effects of the criteria on suppliers.

Using Interpretive Structural Modeling to Determine the Relation between Youth and Sustainable Rural Development

Youth can play a vital role in contributing towards sustainability. Challenges faced in the rural sector and constraints are identified in this study. The paper attempts to ascertain the relation between youth and rural sustainability. The major issue under investigation is to assess the contribution of youth towards rural growth and Prosperity. The researchers have done a Literature Review which is considered as a base for deriving the Variables for developing ISM Model. Interpretive Structural Modeling is an approach which drives the researchers to study various aspects and correlation between youth and rural sustainable development. The paper will reflect in understanding the various areas of youth contribution towards rural sustainable development in a hierarchical manner and highlighting the areas which needs immediate attention at every level. It is vital for the researchers to gain significant insights into relationship between youth and rural sustainable development.

Analysis of interactions among the drivers of green supply chain management

The aim of the present research was to identify and analyse the interactions among drivers of implementing green supply chain management (GSCM) in automobile industries located in National Capital Region (NCR) of India. To meet out the above objective, 11 drivers were identified and analysed for the purpose of developing an ISM–based model; which provide a visible representation of driver's position, based on their driving and dependence nature. The analysis reveals that the driver 'legislative and regulatory compliances' occupy the base position due to its high driving nature. The other drivers namely: improve quality and ISO–14000 certification exists at the top positions and can be seen as an output of ISM model. The findings of this research may enable managers to make appropriate policy decisions and to formulate the strategies towards various enablers/drivers, depending upon the corresponding importance, for the effective implementation of green aspects in the supply chain.

Simulating realistic disc galaxies with a novel sub-resolution ISM model

Simulating realistic disc galaxies with a novel sub-resolution ISM model