Islamic Theory Research Articles

Application of social cognitive theory and Islamic theory of consumer behavior in accessing Muslim behavior toward halal nutraceuticals

PurposeThis study aims to explore the factors influencing Muslim behavior toward halal nutraceutical products in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a quantitative survey approach to 400 Muslim respondents in Malaysia who have experience in consuming or purchasing nutraceutical products. The sampling technique used was multistage stratified sampling, and the data was analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThis study revealed that perceived safety is the most influential factor contributing to Muslims’ behavior toward halal nutraceutical products in Malaysia, followed by Islamic values, trust, religiosity, maqasid al-Shariah and halal literacy.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has only focused on halal nutraceutical products from the perspective of Muslim consumers in Malaysia.Originality/valueThis study contributes to understanding the factors that influence Muslim consumers’ behavior toward halal nutraceutical products by adopting the Social Cognitive Theory and Islamic Theory of Consumer Behavior.

Historical animal significance in Quranic stories

The animal is one of the important basic pillars of life in general, and its importance lies in particular for humans as it is one of the most important economic and service resources throughout the ages. The Holy Qur’an has made this importance very clear in its blessed texts. Therefore, this research dealt with animal stories in the Qur’anic text and their historical connotations to find out the reality of animals and their importance in ancient times through the Holy Qur’an and in accordance with Islamic theory.

The Arrival of Islam in Indonesia: A Theory of Islam's Spread

<em>The arrival of Islam in the archipelago is currently still being debated, due to the lack of reliable scientific data and evidence, as well as the one-sided attitude of various theories. It is very possible that these theories prioritize one aspect while ignoring others. As a result, most of the existing theories cannot explain how Muslimization occurred and how Islam entered the archipelago.This research uses Library Research which focuses on history. The aim of this paper is to investigate the theories that support the spread of Islam in the archipelago. The four theories discussed today show how Islam entered the archipelago. There are several advantages and disadvantages to each of these theories, and one thing that is certain from all of these theories is that Islam developed in the archipelago peacefully, unlike Christianity which had a goal.</em>

Hadith as Oral Literature through Early Islamic Literary Criticism

Abstract Although the study of ḥadīth (the Prophet’s speech) has advanced significantly in recent decades, several of its literary aspects remain unexplored within Euro-American scholarship. The epistemological status of ḥadīth within balāghah, the premodern Islamic theory of literary analysis, has received little scholarly attention. Drawing on Inimitability and Conciseness (Kitāb al-Iʿjāz wa al-Ījāz), written by the literary critic, Abū Manṣūr al-Thaʿālibī (d. 1038 CE), I show how during the oral stages of its development, ḥadīth was a living tradition that was highly flexible in terms of its wording and content. I empirically explore the interface and interactions between oral and written media in the employment of individual ḥadīths as literary texts, showing how an in-depth exploration of the oral nature of ḥadīth illuminates the approaches of modern literary criticism to appreciate literary texts of oral origin. In conclusion, I suggest that the early Arabic discourse of literary criticism offers an emic (culture-specific) perspective that fosters recognition of the literary reception of ḥadīth and its profound integration into the Islamic literary culture.

The Impact of the Islamic Theories of Revelation on Humanist Qurʾanic Hermeneutics

Abstract In the present article, I illustrate the impact that the Islamic theories of revelation have on the construction of different types of Qurʾanic hermeneutics, with a special focus on what I define “humanist hermeneutics”. The article is divided in three parts. In the first part I expose the two main theoretical frameworks exploited here in order to analyze different classical and modern theories of revelation and their corresponding hermeneutics, namely Shahab Ahmed’s understanding of Revelation and my own definition of humanist hermeneutics and its main characteristics. In the second part of the article, I succinctly present some pre-modern theories of revelation, emphasizing a few examples from the large variety of philosophical Peripatetic Muslim and Ṣūfī conceptualizations that are relevant from a humanist hermeneutics perspective. Contemporary, contextualist approaches of revelation will end the article. My general focus is on the acknowledgement of the agency of the prophet Muhammad in the construction of the Qurʾanic text and its expression, and on the interaction between the formulation of the Qurʾanic text and its social context.

Signs of nature in Bediuzzaman Said Nursi: A significant contribution to Islamic semiotics

In the life circle, humans always produce, receive, and search for the meaning of signs. The meanings have ultimate value concerning Islamic worldview which then determines human salvation. Therefore, these issues are very important to research. The researchers worked in a deductive-inductive approach: a quasi-qualitative method characterized by the use of theories to be reconstructed after critical dialogues aimed at revealing the meanings of the natural signs based on an Islamic worldview and proposing a model of the Islamic theory of sign. The subject of this research is the books of Risale-i Nur as the representation of the Islamic worldview. Further, the techniques of the data collection are (1) preparing the domain (2) constituting the taxonomy of the data; (3) note-taking in the text of the Risale-i Nur. Furthermore, the latent content analysis was employed. The researchers categorized qualitative textual data into clusters of similar entities, or conceptual categories, to identify consistent patterns and relationships between themes. Finally, the researchers concluded that the meanings of the natural signs in the Risale-i Nur are the manifestation of the perfection of God’s Names. Moreover, the significant contribution of the Risale-i Nur to Islamic semiotics is revealed and proposed.

Millennials’ acceptance towards Qard al-hasan: extending Islamic theory of consumer behaviour

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look into millennials’ acceptance of Qard al-hasan using the Islamic theory of consumer behaviour (iTCB) in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach For this study, convenience sampling was used and 203 usable questionnaires were received from the respondents who are millennials and university students. The questionnaire link was distributed via social media platforms to the millennials. Findings The findings of this study reveal that there exists a strong and positive relationship between the role of iman and Maqasid consumer index in determining the millennial acceptance of Qard al-hasan. On the contrary, Islamic altruism does not turn out to be the factor of Qard al-hasan acceptance. Resultantly, these results suggest that millennials in Malaysia accept Qard al-hasan and based on those educational institutions may consider offering zero-interest benevolent loans to alleviate the financial burden of unprivileged students. Research limitations/implications Although this study provides positive results, a minimum of two research constraints may direct future efforts in this area. This study initially focuses on a specific ecosystem of Islamic financial products in Malaysia, with a particular emphasis on Qard al-hasan. As a result, subsequent research ought to strive to encompass a larger perspective on Qard al-hasan. Secondly, this research uses a theory that is still in the applicability phase, which has led to some productive discussions for further improvements. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is one of the few studies conducted on an empirical basis using the iTCB in the milieu of Qard al-hasan in Malaysia.

PRISLAMISM, RADICALIZATION AND DERADICALIZATION IN CANADA

On November 13, 2023, Professor Mubin Shaikh presented Prislamism, Radicalization, and Deradicalization in Canada at the West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were that Prislamism, thought of as a route to radicalization, is a blend of Islamic theory and concepts that advocates for violence toward institutions of incarceration. The prison systems in both Muslim and Western nations provide a breeding ground for radicalization through both their physical conditions and the social dynamics of custody. Combating radicalization in prisons requires robust training and a steadfast adherence to the law on the part of practitioners.
 
 Received: 12-11-2023
 Revised: 01-26-2024

Phases of human development: Comparing Western and Islamic theories and the implication in Islamic education

The physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development determine every aspect of human life, including education. Providing appropriate education for children is determined by the child's developmental stage. The current study aims to describe the stages of human development according to Western and Islamic concepts and their implications in Islamic education. To ensure a comprehensive investment in human beings, attention to religious education and introducing religious instruction from the prenatal stage is deemed necessary, as this period forms the foundation for further development. The research methodology employed in this study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). After reviewing various literature sources, the researchers selected several references that were relevant to the topic. The study's results indicate that the prenatal phase in Islamic psychology is more extended than Western psychology's. The tamyiz and amrad phases, viewed in Islamic psychology as preparations for entering adulthood, correspond to the Western psychological perspective of puberty. The futuh phase, or the phase of wisdom in Islamic psychology, occurs when a person ages 40, whereas Western psychology labels this as the adult phase. The phase of the Hereafter is considered crucial in Islamic psychology, while Western psychology lacks an afterlife phase. Consequently, Muslims undergo lifelong education from early birth to death. In conclusion, every phase of human life must be educated according to the level of maturity, starting from prenatal, infant, early childhood, school age, adolescent, young adult, mature adult, to late adult.

Islamic Civilization and Theological Causes of the Social Underdevelopment: A Traditionalist Reading of Modernist Theses

This paper analyzes the theory of Islam as a religion that could have formed a rationalistic civilization, based on scientific progress, individualism and democracy. One of the representative studies on this topic is the work of Mustafa Akyol Reopening of Muslim Minds, in which the author uses the method of counterfactual analysis, posing the fundamental question: what would Islamic civilization look like if in the Sunni majority had not prevailed Ash’ari theology, but rationalistic, Mu’tazili theology? Although it could be said that the author of this study does not err when he concludes that Ash’ari occasionalism stopped the development of science in Islam, he nevertheless errs when he claims that the doctrines of voluntarism, predestination, and uncreatedness of the Qur’an, were generators of injustice in Islamic society. In this paper we tried to analyze the metaphysical foundations of these doctrines, re-examine the validity of the hypothesis about their harmfulness, and re-examine whether the observed harmful effects come from Islamic tradition or from the more recent attempts of modernization of Islam.

Sources of the Planetary Theories in Fahhād’s ̔Alā ̓ī zīj: Solving a Medieval Case of Intellectual Fraud

According to the anonymous 13th-century Shāmil zīj, Abu ̓l-wafā ̓ al- Būzjānī’s (10 June 940–after 25 May 997) planetary theories were adopted in Ibn al- Fahhād’s 12th-century ̔Alā ̓ī zīj without acknowledgement. This puzzling case of plagiarism, noted by the late Prof. E. S. Kennedy in 1956, is solved by means of a graphical approach, together with some astronomical analysis, in order to (A) visualize the perplexing network of the development of planetary theories in medieval Islam and (B) distinguish the types of relations existing between them. The paper describes the new strategies invented in the Islamic period to modify the available planetary theories in order to reconcile them with the observations, called istidrāk and i ̔tibār, which were different from the standard methods set forth in the Almagest. The accusations of fraud are shown to be unfounded. It is shown that Ibn al-Fahhād’s solar and lunar theories and his precessional rate of 1°/66y are taken from the Mumtaḥan tradition; his theories of Jupiter and Saturn were the results of his modifications of ̔Abd al-Raḥmān al-Khāzinī’s corresponding theories in the Mu ̔tabar zīj (1121 ce) on the basis of the results he achieved from his observations; his theory of Mars was constructed on the basis of his observations, independent of any other available theory; and his theory of Venus is taken directly and faithfully from Khāzinī.

II. Murâd ve Mevlânâ Tutkusu: İdrîs-i Bitlisî’nin Heşt Bihişt İsimli Eserinin VI. Kitabından Bir Bölüm

Born in Balkh, sufi poet Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī presents one of the most extensive and vigorous Islamic theories of toleration. This brief note examines the impact of Rūmī’s theory on Murād II by placing it in its fifteenth century Ottoman historical context. It also provides a critical edition of a portion of Idrīs Bidlīsī’s unpublished Hasht Bihisht VI, a sixteenth century Ottoman chronicle which is dedicated to the reign of Murād II.

Reinterpreting Modern Monetary Theory Through an Islamic Lens: Insights from Indonesia's Economic Thought

Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) has gained attention, particularly following the crisis caused by COVID-19, which led every country to experience a significant decline in economic growth. This concept proposes the idea that a central bank can create money to finance real sector activities without having to borrow from specific parties, which is then believed to solve various economic problems. This theory has sparked various disagreements within conventional economics. Therefore, in countries that adopt dual economic systems, they certainly have their own perspectives when considering this monetary theory. This research utilizes library documentation or collected reading sources as data sources. The research findings suggest that the concept of MMT is not in conflict with Islamic Sharia, as the MMT concept aligns with the functions of money described by Al Ghazali and Ibn Khaldun. Hence, the MMT concept is not expected to lead to excessive inflation, as it conforms to the Islamic theory of the function of money, where money serves as a medium of exchange rather than a tradable commodity. With this concept, the quantity of goods in a country will be accompanied by the Money Supply. However, the application of economic theories like MMT must be adapted to the conditions and economic concepts of a given country. Despite MMT's compatibility with Islamic monetary concepts, Indonesia is not yet ready to fully implement MMT, which is why the predicted level of moral hazard risk is higher.

Islamic Education in the New Order Period, Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan State Islamic University

Islamic education is a process of guidance to humans that includes the physical and spiritual based on religious (Islamic) teachings and dogmas in order to form the main personality according to Islamic rules in his life so that one day he will obtain happiness in the hereafter. During the New Order era, education was not the main goal. The New Order chose economic improvement and development as its main goal and pursued its policies through an administrative structure dominated by the military. This type of research uses the method of literature by using the theory of Islamic Theory of the New Order Period. It can be concluded that Islamic education in Indonesia in the New Order era experienced improvements and changes in a better direction compared to the colonial era and the early era of independence and the old order.

Cadar, Isbal And Cultural Da'wah Problems In Normative-Historical Islam: An Overview Of Da'wah Communication

Islam is a religion brought by the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu ‘Alaihi Wasallam which is a mercy for the universe. But lately, there have been several issues of cornering Islam, namely Islamophobia. This is because sometimes the application of Islam normatively and also its application in the real world that we call the term historical Islam occurs in conflict things, so in this case the approach of humanism, the wisdom of thinking, mutual respect and mutual respect in order to create a safe life and peace. The data analysis method that the researcher uses is a descriptive analysis method, which explains the data with the elaboration based on theories, one of the theory is M. Amin Abdullah's theory of normative and historical Islam. This research is in the form of library research. The results of this study are the solution to the normative and historical problem of Islam, namely missionary communication that is humanist, advising, embracing, not criticizing and not forcing and remaining in the arms of ukhuwah Islamiyah as long as these differences can still be tolerated and does not come out of the boundaries of sharia 'at Islam itself. Why does humanist da'wah communication become a middle way to reconcile normative or historical understanding? Because in fact the problem is not the difference itself, but how we respond to these differences.

The Influence of Science Phylosophy in Improving Learning Ethics

This article was created with the aim of knowing how far and how much influence the philosophy of science has on the ethics of learning among students or students who are currently studying. The reason for raising this case is considered very important because of the decline in ethics among educational units at the elementary, secondary, and even tertiary levels compared to educational units in the past. The method used in writing this article is study literature, the basis used in discussing the ethics of learning uses the basis of Islamic theory or ethics according to Islam. Then the guidelines for learning ethics use the Al-Qur'an and hadith as well as the perspective of scholars who observe education. Ethics is the philosophy of human action as a human (human action). In a philosophical perspective, ethics is a philosophical investigation of human obligations and human behavior in terms of the good and bad of this behavior. Ethics also has a very basic nature, namely critical nature. In general it can be said that ethics is a philosophy of human action as a human being. An action has ethical value if it is carried out by humans and within a humane framework. It is clear that ethics deals directly with human actions or behavior. This humane behavior is not a meaningless behavior, but one that pursues good values.

“Muslim Environmentalisms and Environmental Ethics: Theory and Practice for Rights and Justice”

This presentation was the Biennial Willem A. Bijlefeld Lecture at Hartford International University in 2023. Muslim religious responses to environmental change highlight the importance of multispecies perspectives, rights of nature and environmental justice. These areas are also the most central to the development of current environmental engagement and advocacy. Muslim moral teachings and praxis of the past and present in just these areas are communal in focus, blend law and ethics around rights‐based notions, and they also scale horizons meaningfully in the area of justice. Additionally, relative autonomy from post‐Christian philosophical tradition allows such Muslim perspectives to re‐ground to ethics away from investments in neoliberal and colonial heritage. Islamic theory and practice addressing concerns at the forefront of environmental studies thereby shape the future of environmental ethics beyond the Anthropocene.

Mawlana Wahiduddin Khan’s Critique of Political Interpretation of Islam

The article presents a critique of the political interpretation of Islam, proposed by the Indian thinker Malwana Wahiduddin Khan. The question of the place of politics in Islam has become enormousespecially in the face of the extremist actions of militant Islamists: do such actions fit into a particular reading of Islam that springs from a certain understanding of religion, or do they pursue the main purpose of the religion? Is the establishment of an Islamic political order the primary task of every Muslim? This kind of question comes naturally to anyone concerned about the terrorist activities of militant Islamists. Since they are trying to justify their actions with a particular interpretation of Islam, it is necessary to present a narrative in opposition to theirs interpretation, and to show that such persons, who are far from a sincere adherence to Islam, are guilty of a serious misinterpretation of it. The article serves this purpose by presenting Mawlana Wahiduddin Khan’s critique of political Islam. By the term „political Islam” is meant a particular interpretation of the religion of Islam that sees the faith mainly in socio-political terms. Khan’s criticism is one of the earliest intellectual objections to this understanding of Islam. Although many thinkers have contributed to the theory of political Islam, the article focuses only on the writings of the Indo-Pakistani scholar Mawlana Sayyid Abul Ala Mawdudi and their critical assessment by Wahiduddin Khan. Since the polemic between two thinkers can often be dismissed as inspired by personal conflict or pretension, the article is not limited to Kahn’s criticism of Mawududi, but also assesses it in the light of later scholars.

The Role of Islamic Law in Enriching the Decisions of the Indonesian Constitutional Court

This article discusses the role of Islamic Law in enriching legal considerations of constitutional court decisions. As one of the recognized laws in Indonesia, it turns out that Islamic Law has an essential role in the development of national law, including the Constitutional Court decision. It was proven by the existence of 20 decisions by the Constitutional Court on judicial review of laws with Islamic Law. However, of the 20 decisions, there were only six decisions in which the Constitutional Court used Islamic Law as the basis for its consideration. In this article, we will discuss several things, namely the construction of Islamic Law and the development of positive law in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the penultimate part argues that efforts to legal positivism in Indonesia have been going on for a long time. Before conclusion, the last part believes that in fact, there are nuances of Islamic theory or Islamic Law used by the Constitutional Court judges in several decisions of the Constitutional Court.

The Political Identity: Between Qur'anic View and Western Theory

Purpose:Identity nowadays has become very complicated in the political sphere. Political identity needs to be studied from two perspectives; Western theory and Islamic theory. Islamic political identity taken from the concept of the Qur'an. This research aims to reveal identity politics from these two perspectives, namely the perspective of the al-Qur'an and Western theory. Method:The library research method is used for this critical analysis research, which takes a qualitative approach. The qualitative method collected data and news references from books, journals, or trusted online sources. Results/Findings:The results show that there are contradictions in interpreting identity politics. Identity politics is often interpreted as something that is considered harmful. Through critical analysis, researchers found differences from the most fundamental aspects of understanding and theory to the value of their influence on society. Conclusion:Even though the theory of identity in the West existed and was developed by Henry Tajfel and John Turner, the theory is in line with how Islam views political identity as necessary as a political strategy that emphasizes differentiation and the utilization of primordial ties as its main category. Identity in the Qur'an is called Shibgah. The theory of identity, both in politics and outside politics, is correct and reasonable.